高二英语期中模拟卷（沪教版2020，选修三全册）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期期中模拟考试

参考答案 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B B A C D B A B D A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 C A B C D B B A A B 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 D A C B A B B D A E 1．to stop 2．others/some 3．that 4．have been shutting/have shut 5．under 6．lower 7．were posted 8．who 9．turning 10．ordered 11．C 12．A 13．G 14．I 15．K 16．D 17．B 18．F 19．H 20．J 21．B 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．B 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．E 51．The pursuit of fast fashion in the UK has led to the over consumption of clothing. Consumers have been misled into thinking clothes are disposable because of their low prices and quick turnarounds, which has thus created more waste. Consequently, problems like pollution and workers being exploited have arisen. The UK government has been advised to work to solve the problem. (60 words) 52．Both sides met in order to try to resolve their differences. 53．He suddenly stood up in class as if to take much courage to express his opinions. 54．It turns out that every watcher of the movies sees the connections between them and the world. 55．No one has come up with a definite answer as to why the playwright should be so great. 56．My dear cousin, I am very concerned when seeing you in low spirits these days. I know that you have been under tremendous pressure from study and friendship, which needs addressing immediately in case it should bring more hazards to you both mentally and physically. Hard as it is to deal with pressure, I deem some tips might do you good. For starters, shift your focus. Thinking about the progress you’ve made or looking at what you’ve achieved will help you form a comprehensive understanding of yourself, thus enhancing your self-confidence. Second, relax. Take some physical exercise or see a movie, and you will find yourself recharged. Last, sleep well. Sustained pressure will make it hard for you to sleep and lack of sleep will result in less concentration in class, which in turn increase the pressure you suffer. I hope that you can take my advice. Yours sincerely, Wang Lei 京）股份有限公司3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As long as there have been exams, students have found ways to cheat. Today the correct answers are just a few taps away on a smartphone. So, countries have come up with new ways 1 (stop) the funny business. Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones while 2 have taken a more serious step. Cheating in high-school leaving exams got so bad in Mauritania and Algeria 3 this year the authorities turned off the internet for the entire country. Algeria did so for at least an hour during tests, which last about a week. Mauritania cut access from morning until evening on exam days. Other countries, such as Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ethiopia, 4 (shut) down the internet during exam time for years. In each country students are 5 enormous pressure to do well in the tests, which often determine whether they can continue their education at a good university. A splendid grade may mean a scholarship abroad. But high marks are rare. In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years. In Mauritania the rate is much 6 (low). Teachers try to help - in their own way. For a fee some will provide answers on WhatsApp, a messaging service, says Sidi, a recent high-school graduate in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania. After Algeria’s tests 7 (post) early on Facebook in 2019 the government blocked it during exam periods. Dishonest boys have a harder time than girls, 8 often aren’t checked and sometimes hide earphones under their veils. However, 9 (turn) off the internet is expensive. Darrell West of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank, estimates that in 2018-19 internet shutdowns 10 (order) by governments - whether to stop cheating or stifle dissent - cost countries at least $2.4bn. For that kind of money, countries could even improve their schools. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context If you are experiencing physical symptoms that could indicate burnout, consider seeing your primary care doctor or a mental health professional to determine whether they are driven by stress or rooted in other physical condition, Dr. Dyrbye said. Don’t just take no notice of the symptoms and assume they are 21 . “It’s really easy to 22 your own symptom, especially in our culture, where we are taught to work hard,” Dr. Gold said. If it is burnout, then the best solution is to 23 the root of the problem. Burnout is typically recognised when it is job-driven, but chronic stress can have a variety of 24 — financial problems, relationship difficulties, and caregiving burdens, among other things. “Think about the pebbles in your shoe all the time that you have to 25 ,” Dr. Maslach said, “and brainstorm ways to 26 some of them, at least some of the time. Perhaps you can ask your partner to help more with your toddler’s bedtime routine, or get takeout when you’re especially busy so you don’t have to plan dinner, too.” Despite popular culture coverage of the issue, burnout can’t be “fixed” with better self-care, Dr. Maslach said — in fact, this 27 only worsens the problem, because it lays the blame and responsibility on those with burnout and implies that they should do more to feel better, which is not the case, she said. However, some lifestyle 28 can make burnout less likely. Social support, for instance, can help, Dr. Gold said. This could include talking to a therapist or meeting with friends (even if over Zoom). It may also help to 29 mental health or exercise benefits offered by your employer. Sleeping more can help too — so if you’re 30 from a lack of sleep, talk to a doctor about possible treatments, Dr. Bennett suggested. When burnout 31 job-related difficulties, it may help to request better working conditions. Dr. Maslach suggested brainstorming with co-workers and presenting your 32 with ideas that would help — like providing quiet areas for breaks and personal phone calls, creating “no meeting” days so that employees can have more time to 33 , or ensuring that there’s always coffee in the break room. Even small changes like these can reduce the risk for burnout if they fix a problem people 34 at work every day. “It’s the lasting job stressors that make people really 35 after a while. They don’t have the right equipment, they don’t have the things they need, they don’t have enough people to do the work,” Dr. Maslach said. 21．A．beneficial B．insignificant C．straightforward D．overwhelming 22．A．stress B．ignore C．observe D．recognize 23．A．address B．discount C．conceal D．stretch 24．A．subjects B．signs C．causes D．impacts 25．A．pass on B．write down C．rely on D．deal with 26．A．relieve B．remove C．recover D．remark 27．A．implication B．innovation C．indication D．intention 28．A．audiences B．choices C．performances D．sentences 29．A．take charge of B．have interest in C．take notice of D．make use of 30．A．suffering B．shocking C．spreading D．motivating 31．A．accounts for B．depends on C．results from D．contributes to 32．A．employer B．librarian C．customer D．participant 33．A．ensure B．focus C．revise D．check 34．A．neglect B．witness C．encounter D．emphasize 35．A．amazed B．delighted C．surprised D．frustrated Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen. Spring cleaning. I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order. “Honey, how about spending the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?” I ask. “Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?” my husband answers. But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation, yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze with all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!” Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone our bodies produce when it’s dark. When spring’s light comes, the melatonin declines, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus- filled house we’ve been hibernating in for the past four months. I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring arrival. I speak to them about life’s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum (浮垢) from the bathtub, which hasn’t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall. “I’ll do it,” says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home. “You will? Wow!” I exclaim. Maybe after all these years, he’s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he’s expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he’s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he’s being nice to me, the financial-aid officer. No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, was found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he was supposed to be cleaning. “Awake and be clean!” I say. 36．According to the passage, for modern families, spring cleaning ________. A．calls for more complicated skills B．is no longer something natural to do C．is a highly-respected tradition D．requires more family members to be involved 37．Why does the author say “spring cleaning can’t wait”? A．Because spring is the best time for us to relax ourselves. B．Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer. C．Because our garden requires immediate cleaning after winter. D．Because the weather in spring makes it easier for us to do so. 38．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The reduction of melatonin will give rise to wakefulness in our bodies. B．A dusty, virus-filled house is largely to blame for our sleepiness in winter. C．A role model is needed to help other members grasp the concept of spring cleaning. D．The author’s eldest son agrees to clean the bathtub because she will finance his trip. 39．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Spring Cleaning Affords No Delay! B．Modernity Kills Spring Cleaning C．Spring Cleaning — to Do or Not to Do? D．The Young Need Spring Cleaning (B) http://www.businessaudiopro.com Business Audio Pro Enhance Your Company’s Image with a Professionally Recorded Telephone Greeting A professional, personalized voicemail message creates an excellent first impression. Business Audio Pro meets your specifications to record a customized telephone greeting within three business days! Services We Offer: 1. Professional Voice Talent for Voicemail Messages -We have numerous male and female voice actors with a wide range of tones, accents, and dialects. 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I am looking specifically for a professionally recorded voicemail greeting intended for my clients, and I wonder if you would be available to write and record this for me, and how soon. Since I work with English-and Spanish-speaking clients, I would like the message to be recorded in both languages. Please reach out to me at my mobile phone between the hours of 10:00 A M. and 5:00 P M. I hope to hear from you soon, Thank you. Jody Annesly Annesly Data 512-555-6879(mobile) 342 Maymill Road. Fort Worth. TX 70609 40．From what is mentioned above, we can learn that Business Audio Pro. A．is always ready to answer customers’ phone calls B．has its professional services advertised in the newspaper C．provides voice samples and estimated prices on its website D．fills orders in three days’time to meet customers’ specific needs 41．What services does Ms. Annesly request from Business Audio Pro? ① Professional voice talent                 ② On-hold messages ③ Customized script writing                 ④ Multilingual Voice production A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 42．Who is Ms. Annesly most likely to be? A．A business owner. B．A data collector. C．A sales assistant. D．A customer service specialist. (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be angry. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(义愤填膺), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________. A．posing a question B．justifying an assumption C．making a comparison D．explaining a phenomenon 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph 1) implies that ________. A．monkeys are also angered by slack rivals B．hating unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________. A．more inclined to weigh what they get B．attentive to researchers’ instructions C．nice in both appearance and temperament D．more generous than their male companions 46．When can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human anger evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Today, in most of the theatres in Britain, the stages are situated behind a sort of arch (拱门), called the proscenium (幕布前的舞台部分) arch. The arch runs across the building with the stage on one side of it and the auditorium, housing the audience, on the other. The audience is kept to the area from which it can get a clear view of the stage. 47 The actor can ignore them until the end, when they applaud the performance. 48 Stage furniture or properties -“props”, as they are referred to in the business -are now as few as possible. Elaborate scenery is used only when it is going to last throughout the play, or when it is so constructed that it can be changed quickly. Modern theatres are built with the stage extending far in front of the proscenium arch, if indeed they have a proscenium arch at all, electricity, already long in use, has recently had a revolutionary effect. The modern idea of having the stage in front of the proscenium arch is not really modern, of course. It makes our stages much like Shakespeare’s. 49 The famous speeches of Hamlet, for instance, can be delivered more quietly and naturally than they were in the last century. The actors no longer have to worry much about not being heard, or about turning their backs to the auditorium. Moreover, nowadays, people are finding that modern theatres are built to sit in comfortably for two or three hours at a stretch. 50 The result of these improvements is that, in spite of the high price of seats, perhaps more people than ever before are keen on theatre-going. A．Over the last few decades, since the Second World War, theatrical customs have altered. B．It makes people feel, as they watch a play or a show, that they are seeing a living and moving picture. C．All these innovations have quickened up the pace of the drama. D．This is an advantage both for actors and audience. E．Today the theatres are much more comfortable because of the many improvements. F．Often they can meet and eat in the restaurants attached to the theatres. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Problem With Fast Fashion There’s nothing quite like new clothes, is there? The UK certainly loves them. According to a report by the Environmental Audit Committee (EAC), the UK consumes five times more clothes today than it did in the 1980s. That’s more than any other nation in Europe and amounts to around 26.7 kg per person.This results in 235 million garments being dumped into landfills - victims of fast fashion. Fast fashion is defined as “an accelerated fashion business model ”involving “increased numbers of new fashion collections every year,” “quick turnarounds(周转期)”and “lower prices,” according to the EAC． Globalization means that clothing is made in countries where labour is cheaper. These savings are passed on to consumers, who then consider the clothes they own disposable - easily replaceable with something more trendy. And that creates problems. First, there’re the environmental costs. Manufacturing any kind of textile costs resources. For example, synthetic fibres, which are made from plastic, have a larger carbon footprint than natural ones. Natural fibres, although more carbon-efficient, still require more water to grow. And further resources are used as the cloth is dyed, made into clothing and transported to retail for sale. Secondly, the fast-fashion industry is under pressure to put the latest trending items on shelves faster, which can lead to workers being exploited and forced to labour in poor working conditions. In countries such as Bangladesh, Ethiopia and the Philippines, workers are paid wages that are insufficient to live on. One worker in Ethiopia told the BBC that they had to deal with intolerable conditions, such as withheld overtime payments, verbal abuse, and unsanitary toilets. So what can be done in the UK to reduce clothing waste? The EAC has recommended eighteen improvements to the UK government, from increasing tax on purchases to fund recycling centres to introducing more sewing lessons in schools, encouraging a make do and mend attitude when things become worn out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．双方会晤以努力解决分歧。(resolve)(汉译英) 53．他突然在课堂上站起来，就像是鼓起很大的勇气要表达自己观点一样。(as if)(汉译英) 54．事实证明, 每个观影者都看到了自己和世界之间的关联。(turn out)(汉译英) 55．对于为什么这位剧作家如此伟大，没有人能想出确切的答案。(come)(汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生王磊，你的表弟是一名高一学生。最近，你得知他因为交友、学业压力等问题而闷闷不乐。请你写一封信给他，谈谈你的看法和建议。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As long as there have been exams, students have found ways to cheat. Today the correct answers are just a few taps away on a smartphone. So, countries have come up with new ways 1 (stop) the funny business. Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones while 2 have taken a more serious step. Cheating in high-school leaving exams got so bad in Mauritania and Algeria 3 this year the authorities turned off the internet for the entire country. Algeria did so for at least an hour during tests, which last about a week. Mauritania cut access from morning until evening on exam days. Other countries, such as Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ethiopia, 4 (shut) down the internet during exam time for years. In each country students are 5 enormous pressure to do well in the tests, which often determine whether they can continue their education at a good university. A splendid grade may mean a scholarship abroad. But high marks are rare. In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years. In Mauritania the rate is much 6 (low). Teachers try to help - in their own way. For a fee some will provide answers on WhatsApp, a messaging service, says Sidi, a recent high-school graduate in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania. After Algeria’s tests 7 (post) early on Facebook in 2019 the government blocked it during exam periods. Dishonest boys have a harder time than girls, 8 often aren’t checked and sometimes hide earphones under their veils. However, 9 (turn) off the internet is expensive. Darrell West of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank, estimates that in 2018-19 internet shutdowns 10 (order) by governments - whether to stop cheating or stifle dissent - cost countries at least $2.4bn. For that kind of money, countries could even improve their schools. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context If you are experiencing physical symptoms that could indicate burnout, consider seeing your primary care doctor or a mental health professional to determine whether they are driven by stress or rooted in other physical condition, Dr. Dyrbye said. Don’t just take no notice of the symptoms and assume they are 21 . “It’s really easy to 22 your own symptom, especially in our culture, where we are taught to work hard,” Dr. Gold said. If it is burnout, then the best solution is to 23 the root of the problem. Burnout is typically recognised when it is job-driven, but chronic stress can have a variety of 24 — financial problems, relationship difficulties, and caregiving burdens, among other things. “Think about the pebbles in your shoe all the time that you have to 25 ,” Dr. Maslach said, “and brainstorm ways to 26 some of them, at least some of the time. Perhaps you can ask your partner to help more with your toddler’s bedtime routine, or get takeout when you’re especially busy so you don’t have to plan dinner, too.” Despite popular culture coverage of the issue, burnout can’t be “fixed” with better self-care, Dr. Maslach said — in fact, this 27 only worsens the problem, because it lays the blame and responsibility on those with burnout and implies that they should do more to feel better, which is not the case, she said. However, some lifestyle 28 can make burnout less likely. Social support, for instance, can help, Dr. Gold said. This could include talking to a therapist or meeting with friends (even if over Zoom). It may also help to 29 mental health or exercise benefits offered by your employer. Sleeping more can help too — so if you’re 30 from a lack of sleep, talk to a doctor about possible treatments, Dr. Bennett suggested. When burnout 31 job-related difficulties, it may help to request better working conditions. Dr. Maslach suggested brainstorming with co-workers and presenting your 32 with ideas that would help — like providing quiet areas for breaks and personal phone calls, creating “no meeting” days so that employees can have more time to 33 , or ensuring that there’s always coffee in the break room. Even small changes like these can reduce the risk for burnout if they fix a problem people 34 at work every day. “It’s the lasting job stressors that make people really 35 after a while. They don’t have the right equipment, they don’t have the things they need, they don’t have enough people to do the work,” Dr. Maslach said. 21．A．beneficial B．insignificant C．straightforward D．overwhelming 22．A．stress B．ignore C．observe D．recognize 23．A．address B．discount C．conceal D．stretch 24．A．subjects B．signs C．causes D．impacts 25．A．pass on B．write down C．rely on D．deal with 26．A．relieve B．remove C．recover D．remark 27．A．implication B．innovation C．indication D．intention 28．A．audiences B．choices C．performances D．sentences 29．A．take charge of B．have interest in C．take notice of D．make use of 30．A．suffering B．shocking C．spreading D．motivating 31．A．accounts for B．depends on C．results from D．contributes to 32．A．employer B．librarian C．customer D．participant 33．A．ensure B．focus C．revise D．check 34．A．neglect B．witness C．encounter D．emphasize 35．A．amazed B．delighted C．surprised D．frustrated Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen. Spring cleaning. I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order. “Honey, how about spending the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?” I ask. “Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?” my husband answers. But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation, yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze with all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!” Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone our bodies produce when it’s dark. When spring’s light comes, the melatonin declines, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus- filled house we’ve been hibernating in for the past four months. I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring arrival. I speak to them about life’s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum (浮垢) from the bathtub, which hasn’t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall. “I’ll do it,” says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home. “You will? Wow!” I exclaim. Maybe after all these years, he’s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he’s expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he’s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he’s being nice to me, the financial-aid officer. No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, was found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he was supposed to be cleaning. “Awake and be clean!” I say. 36．According to the passage, for modern families, spring cleaning ________. A．calls for more complicated skills B．is no longer something natural to do C．is a highly-respected tradition D．requires more family members to be involved 37．Why does the author say “spring cleaning can’t wait”? A．Because spring is the best time for us to relax ourselves. B．Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer. C．Because our garden requires immediate cleaning after winter. D．Because the weather in spring makes it easier for us to do so. 38．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The reduction of melatonin will give rise to wakefulness in our bodies. B．A dusty, virus-filled house is largely to blame for our sleepiness in winter. C．A role model is needed to help other members grasp the concept of spring cleaning. D．The author’s eldest son agrees to clean the bathtub because she will finance his trip. 39．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Spring Cleaning Affords No Delay! B．Modernity Kills Spring Cleaning C．Spring Cleaning — to Do or Not to Do? D．The Young Need Spring Cleaning (B) http://www.businessaudiopro.com Business Audio Pro Enhance Your Company’s Image with a Professionally Recorded Telephone Greeting A professional, personalized voicemail message creates an excellent first impression. Business Audio Pro meets your specifications to record a customized telephone greeting within three business days! Services We Offer: 1. Professional Voice Talent for Voicemail Messages -We have numerous male and female voice actors with a wide range of tones, accents, and dialects. 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A．is always ready to answer customers’ phone calls B．has its professional services advertised in the newspaper C．provides voice samples and estimated prices on its website D．fills orders in three days’time to meet customers’ specific needs 41．What services does Ms. Annesly request from Business Audio Pro? ① Professional voice talent                 ② On-hold messages ③ Customized script writing                 ④ Multilingual Voice production A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 42．Who is Ms. Annesly most likely to be? A．A business owner. B．A data collector. C．A sales assistant. D．A customer service specialist. (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be angry. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(义愤填膺), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________. A．posing a question B．justifying an assumption C．making a comparison D．explaining a phenomenon 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph 1) implies that ________. A．monkeys are also angered by slack rivals B．hating unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________. A．more inclined to weigh what they get B．attentive to researchers’ instructions C．nice in both appearance and temperament D．more generous than their male companions 46．When can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human anger evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Today, in most of the theatres in Britain, the stages are situated behind a sort of arch (拱门), called the proscenium (幕布前的舞台部分) arch. The arch runs across the building with the stage on one side of it and the auditorium, housing the audience, on the other. The audience is kept to the area from which it can get a clear view of the stage. 47 The actor can ignore them until the end, when they applaud the performance. 48 Stage furniture or properties -“props”, as they are referred to in the business -are now as few as possible. Elaborate scenery is used only when it is going to last throughout the play, or when it is so constructed that it can be changed quickly. Modern theatres are built with the stage extending far in front of the proscenium arch, if indeed they have a proscenium arch at all, electricity, already long in use, has recently had a revolutionary effect. The modern idea of having the stage in front of the proscenium arch is not really modern, of course. It makes our stages much like Shakespeare’s. 49 The famous speeches of Hamlet, for instance, can be delivered more quietly and naturally than they were in the last century. The actors no longer have to worry much about not being heard, or about turning their backs to the auditorium. Moreover, nowadays, people are finding that modern theatres are built to sit in comfortably for two or three hours at a stretch. 50 The result of these improvements is that, in spite of the high price of seats, perhaps more people than ever before are keen on theatre-going. A．Over the last few decades, since the Second World War, theatrical customs have altered. B．It makes people feel, as they watch a play or a show, that they are seeing a living and moving picture. C．All these innovations have quickened up the pace of the drama. D．This is an advantage both for actors and audience. E．Today the theatres are much more comfortable because of the many improvements. F．Often they can meet and eat in the restaurants attached to the theatres. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Problem With Fast Fashion There’s nothing quite like new clothes, is there? The UK certainly loves them. According to a report by the Environmental Audit Committee (EAC), the UK consumes five times more clothes today than it did in the 1980s. That’s more than any other nation in Europe and amounts to around 26.7 kg per person.This results in 235 million garments being dumped into landfills - victims of fast fashion. Fast fashion is defined as “an accelerated fashion business model ”involving “increased numbers of new fashion collections every year,” “quick turnarounds(周转期)”and “lower prices,” according to the EAC． Globalization means that clothing is made in countries where labour is cheaper. These savings are passed on to consumers, who then consider the clothes they own disposable - easily replaceable with something more trendy. And that creates problems. First, there’re the environmental costs. Manufacturing any kind of textile costs resources. For example, synthetic fibres, which are made from plastic, have a larger carbon footprint than natural ones. Natural fibres, although more carbon-efficient, still require more water to grow. And further resources are used as the cloth is dyed, made into clothing and transported to retail for sale. Secondly, the fast-fashion industry is under pressure to put the latest trending items on shelves faster, which can lead to workers being exploited and forced to labour in poor working conditions. In countries such as Bangladesh, Ethiopia and the Philippines, workers are paid wages that are insufficient to live on. One worker in Ethiopia told the BBC that they had to deal with intolerable conditions, such as withheld overtime payments, verbal abuse, and unsanitary toilets. So what can be done in the UK to reduce clothing waste? The EAC has recommended eighteen improvements to the UK government, from increasing tax on purchases to fund recycling centres to introducing more sewing lessons in schools, encouraging a make do and mend attitude when things become worn out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．双方会晤以努力解决分歧。(resolve)(汉译英) 53．他突然在课堂上站起来，就像是鼓起很大的勇气要表达自己观点一样。(as if)(汉译英) 54．事实证明, 每个观影者都看到了自己和世界之间的关联。(turn out)(汉译英) 55．对于为什么这位剧作家如此伟大，没有人能想出确切的答案。(come)(汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生王磊，你的表弟是一名高一学生。最近，你得知他因为交友、学业压力等问题而闷闷不乐。请你写一封信给他，谈谈你的看法和建议。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第14页，共14页 试卷第13页，共14页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三全册 （上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. As long as there have been exams, students have found ways to cheat. Today the correct answers are just a few taps away on a smartphone. So, countries have come up with new ways 1 (stop) the funny business. Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones while 2 have taken a more serious step. Cheating in high-school leaving exams got so bad in Mauritania and Algeria 3 this year the authorities turned off the internet for the entire country. Algeria did so for at least an hour during tests, which last about a week. Mauritania cut access from morning until evening on exam days. Other countries, such as Iraq, Uzbekistan and Ethiopia, 4 (shut) down the internet during exam time for years. In each country students are 5 enormous pressure to do well in the tests, which often determine whether they can continue their education at a good university. A splendid grade may mean a scholarship abroad. But high marks are rare. In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years. In Mauritania the rate is much 6 (low). Teachers try to help - in their own way. For a fee some will provide answers on WhatsApp, a messaging service, says Sidi, a recent high-school graduate in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania. After Algeria’s tests 7 (post) early on Facebook in 2019 the government blocked it during exam periods. Dishonest boys have a harder time than girls, 8 often aren’t checked and sometimes hide earphones under their veils. However, 9 (turn) off the internet is expensive. Darrell West of the Brookings Institution, a think-tank, estimates that in 2018-19 internet shutdowns 10 (order) by governments - whether to stop cheating or stifle dissent - cost countries at least $2.4bn. For that kind of money, countries could even improve their schools. 【答案】 1．to stop 2．others/some 3．that 4．have been shutting/have shut 5．under 6．lower 7．were posted 8．who 9．turning 10．ordered 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了考试作弊现象在全球范围内的普遍存在，特别是在一些国家情况尤为严重。为了解决该问题，不同国家采取了多种措施。最后，文章提到切断互联网的成本高昂，并指出国家可以用这些钱来改善学校。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，各国都想出了新的方法来阻止这种滑稽的行为。根据短语come up with new ways to do sth.“想出做某事的新方法”可知，设空处应填动词不定式to stop。故填to stop。 2．考查代词。句意：一些人使用金属探测器、监控摄像头、手机干扰器甚至无人机，而另一些人则采取了更为严肃的措施。根据前文Some use metal detectors, surveillance cameras, mobile-phone jammers and even drones可知，此处表示“一些人……而另一些人……”，使用others/some作主语。故填others/some。 3．考查状语从句。句意：在毛里塔尼亚和阿尔及利亚，高中毕业考试作弊现象如此严重，以至于当局在今年关闭了全国的互联网。表示“如此……以至于……”，应用so…that…引导结果状语从句。故填that。 4．考查时态。句意：其他国家，如伊拉克、乌兹别克斯坦和埃塞俄比亚，多年来一直在考试期间关闭互联网。根据后文“for years”可知，设空处表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，且有可能继续持续下去，应用现在完成进行时have been doing，表示“一直在做某事”，也可使用现在完成时have done，表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果”。故填have been shutting/have shut。 5．考查介词。句意：在每个国家，学生们都面临着巨大的压力，要在考试中取得好成绩，这往往决定了他们能否在一所好大学继续深造。根据短语be under pressure“处于压力之下”可知，设空处应填介词under。故填under。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：在阿尔及利亚，近年来只有大约一半的学生通过了考试。在毛里塔尼亚，这个比例要低得多。根据前文“In Algeria only around half of students passed the exams in recent years”以及空前的much可知，此处应用形容词比较级lower，作表语，表示“更低”。故填lower。 7．考查动词时态语态。句意：阿尔及利亚的考试于2019年早些时候在脸书上发布后，政府在考试期间封锁了它。设空处为谓语动词，根据后文in 2019可知，应用一般过去时，且主语Algeria’s tests与post之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态were posted。故填were posted。 8．考查定语从句。句意：不诚实的男孩比女孩更难熬，女孩往往不被检查，有时会把耳机藏在面纱下面。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词girls，指人，空处作主语，故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，关闭互联网是昂贵的。设空处作主语，应用动名词turning，表示“关闭互联网这件事”。故填turning。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：智库布鲁金斯学会（Brookings Institution）的达雷尔·韦斯特（Darrell West）估计，在2018年至2019年期间，政府下令关闭互联网——无论是为了阻止作弊还是扼杀异见——至少让各国损失了24亿美元。句中cost为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，名词shutdowns与order之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词ordered作后置定语。故填ordered。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandon  B．appealing  C． matter  D．foresighted  E. manner  F. maintain G. declining  H. costs  I. rushing  J. aggressive  K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper.  Exactly when that day will be is a 11 of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on  paper, there are plenty of reasons to 12 print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still 13 . Cost may be high and circulation lower, but 14 to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up 15 makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be 16 . “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it 17 for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping 18 the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week 19 nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more 20 . Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．G 14．I 15．K 16．D 17．B 18．F 19．H 20．J 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官Jonah Petretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。 11．考查名词。句意：这一天的具体时间还是一个要讨论的事情。a matter of “……的问题”符合句意，名词matter作表语。故填C。 12．考查动词。句意：尽管人们怀念纸上的墨水，但有很多理由放弃印刷。根据下文“The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive.(制作实体报纸所需的基本设施，包括印刷机和送货车，都非常昂贵)”可知，空处词为abandon“放弃”符合句意，to后接动词原形形式。故填A。 13．考查动词。句意：尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。根据上文“though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts”可知，尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。空处为现在进行时，现在分词declining“下降”符合句意。故填G。 14．考查动词。句意：BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳•佩特雷蒂表示，成本可能很高，发行量可能较低，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。由下文“Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.(佩特雷蒂说，《泰晤士报》不应该浪费时间放弃印刷业务，但前提是他们要以正确的方式去做)”可知，急于取消印刷版将是一个错误，动名词作主语，rushing“匆忙”符合句意。故填I。 15．考查名词。句意：“找到一种加速转型的方法对他们来说是有意义的，”他说。名词作宾语，transition“转变” 符合句意。故填K。 16．考查形容词。句意：但事实证明，这一举措是有远见的。be后接形容词，foresighted“有远见的”符合句意。 故填D。 17．考查形容词。句意：佩特雷蒂说：“如果我是《纽约时报》的负责人，我不会选择在哪一年停止印刷，我会提高价格，让它更像一种传统产品，比现代产品有一些优势，让它吸引顾客继续使用。根据上文“which has some advantage over a modern product”可知，形容词appealing“有吸引力的”作宾语补足语。故填B。 18．考查动词。句意：他们的想法是，他们会觉得自己在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量。help (to) do sth.，该空动词原形形式，动词maintain“维持”符合句意。故填F。 19．考查动词。句意：每周7天订阅印刷版一年要花费近500美元——是数字版订阅的两倍多。动名词短语作主语，谓语为单数形式，costs“花费”符合句意。故填H。 20．考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，最好采取更积极的态度。形容词作表语，aggressive“积极进取的”符合句意。故填J。 II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context If you are experiencing physical symptoms that could indicate burnout, consider seeing your primary care doctor or a mental health professional to determine whether they are driven by stress or rooted in other physical condition, Dr. Dyrbye said. Don’t just take no notice of the symptoms and assume they are 21 . “It’s really easy to 22 your own symptom, especially in our culture, where we are taught to work hard,” Dr. Gold said. If it is burnout, then the best solution is to 23 the root of the problem. Burnout is typically recognised when it is job-driven, but chronic stress can have a variety of 24 — financial problems, relationship difficulties, and caregiving burdens, among other things. “Think about the pebbles in your shoe all the time that you have to 25 ,” Dr. Maslach said, “and brainstorm ways to 26 some of them, at least some of the time. Perhaps you can ask your partner to help more with your toddler’s bedtime routine, or get takeout when you’re especially busy so you don’t have to plan dinner, too.” Despite popular culture coverage of the issue, burnout can’t be “fixed” with better self-care, Dr. Maslach said — in fact, this 27 only worsens the problem, because it lays the blame and responsibility on those with burnout and implies that they should do more to feel better, which is not the case, she said. However, some lifestyle 28 can make burnout less likely. Social support, for instance, can help, Dr. Gold said. This could include talking to a therapist or meeting with friends (even if over Zoom). It may also help to 29 mental health or exercise benefits offered by your employer. Sleeping more can help too — so if you’re 30 from a lack of sleep, talk to a doctor about possible treatments, Dr. Bennett suggested. When burnout 31 job-related difficulties, it may help to request better working conditions. Dr. Maslach suggested brainstorming with co-workers and presenting your 32 with ideas that would help — like providing quiet areas for breaks and personal phone calls, creating “no meeting” days so that employees can have more time to 33 , or ensuring that there’s always coffee in the break room. Even small changes like these can reduce the risk for burnout if they fix a problem people 34 at work every day. “It’s the lasting job stressors that make people really 35 after a while. They don’t have the right equipment, they don’t have the things they need, they don’t have enough people to do the work,” Dr. Maslach said. 21．A．beneficial B．insignificant C．straightforward D．overwhelming 22．A．stress B．ignore C．observe D．recognize 23．A．address B．discount C．conceal D．stretch 24．A．subjects B．signs C．causes D．impacts 25．A．pass on B．write down C．rely on D．deal with 26．A．relieve B．remove C．recover D．remark 27．A．implication B．innovation C．indication D．intention 28．A．audiences B．choices C．performances D．sentences 29．A．take charge of B．have interest in C．take notice of D．make use of 30．A．suffering B．shocking C．spreading D．motivating 31．A．accounts for B．depends on C．results from D．contributes to 32．A．employer B．librarian C．customer D．participant 33．A．ensure B．focus C．revise D．check 34．A．neglect B．witness C．encounter D．emphasize 35．A．amazed B．delighted C．surprised D．frustrated 【答案】 21．B 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍职业倦怠的问题。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要忽视这些症状，以为它们无关紧要。A. beneficial有益的；B. insignificant无意义的；C. straightforward直接的；D. overwhelming势不可挡的。根据上文“Don’t just take no notice of the symptoms”可知，人们会忽视这些症状，应该是认为它们无关紧要，所以作者才建议人们不要忽视这些症状。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈尔德博士说：“忽视自己的症状真的很容易，尤其是在我们的文化中，我们被教导要努力工作。”A. stress压力；B. ignore忽视；C. observe观察；D. recognize认出。根据下文“in our culture, where we are taught to work hard”可知，在Dr. Gold的文化中，人们被教导要努力工作，所以他们应该是很容易就忽视了因为工作而导致的疲劳问题。故选B。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果是倦怠，那么最好的解决方案就是解决问题的根源。A. address解决；B. discount打折；C. conceal取消；D. stretch伸展。根据上文“solution”可知，这里应该是指要解决问题的根源。故选A。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：倦怠通常是由工作驱动的，但慢性压力有多种原因——经济问题、关系困难和照顾负担等。A. subjects话题；B. signs符号；C. causes原因；D. impacts影响。根据下文“financial problems, relationship difficulties, and caregiving burdens”可知，这些是导致慢性压力的原因。故选C。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Maslach博士说：“时刻想想你鞋子里的鹅卵石，想出一些去除它们的方法，至少在某些时候是这样。也许你可以让你的伴侣更多地帮助你蹒跚学步的孩子的就寝时间，或者在你特别忙的时候叫外卖，这样你就不必计划晚餐了。”A. pass on传递；B. write down写下；C. rely on依赖；D. deal with处理。根据上文“Think about the pebbles in your shoe all the time”可知，鞋子里有鹅卵石，接下来应该是要想方法去解决这个问题。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第5题详解。A. relieve缓解；B. remove移除；C. recover康复；D. remark评论。根据上文“brainstorm ways”可知，鞋子里有鹅卵石，要想出一些去除它们的方法。故选B。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一暗示只会使问题恶化，因为它将过错和责任归咎于倦怠者，并暗示他们应该做更多的事情来感觉更好，但事实并非如此。A. implication含义，影响；B. innovation创新；C. indication表明；D. intention意图。根据下文“implies”可知，这里指上文提到的“但倦怠并不能通过更好的自我照顾来‘解决’”暗含的意思。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些生活方式的选择会降低倦怠的可能性。A. audiences观众；B. choices选择；C. performances表演；D. sentences句子。根据下文“This could include talking to a therapist or meeting with friends (even if over Zoom).”可知，这里指人们选择的生活方式。故选B。 29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这也可能有助于利用雇主提供的心理健康或锻炼福利。A. take charge of管理；B. have interest in对……感兴趣；C. take notice of注意；D. make use of利用。根据下文“mental health or exercise benefits”可知，这里指人们可以利用心理健康或锻炼福利来达到缓解倦怠的目的。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bennett博士建议，多睡也有帮助，所以如果你睡眠不足，可以和医生谈谈可能的治疗方法。A. suffering遭受；B. shocking震惊；C. spreading展开；D. motivating有动力。根据下文“from a lack of sleep”可知，这里指一些人正在遭受睡眠不足的痛苦。故选A。 31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当工作相关的困难导致倦怠时，要求更好的工作条件可能会有所帮助。A. accounts for占比；B. depends on依赖；C. results from因为；D. contributes to对……有贡献。根据下文“job-related difficulties”可知，这里应该是指工作相关的困难可能会导致倦怠。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maslach博士建议与同事集思广益，向雇主提出一些有帮助的想法，比如提供安静的休息区和私人电话，创造“不开会”的日子，让员工有更多的时间集中注意力，或者确保休息室里总是有咖啡。A. employer雇主；B. librarian图书馆；C. customer顾客；D. participant参与者。根据下文“with ideas that would help”可知，这里应该是指把有帮助的想法告诉给老板。故选A。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. ensure确保；B. focus集中；C. revise修改；D. check检查。根据上文“creating “no meeting” days”可知，创造“不开会”的日子，应该是可以让员工有更多的时间集中注意力在工作上。故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果能解决人们每天在工作中遇到的问题，即使是这样的小变化也能降低倦怠的风险。A. neglect忽视；B. witness目睹；C. encounter遇见；D. emphasize强调。根据上文“problem”可知，这里应该是指人们在工作中遇到的问题。故选C。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Maslach博士说：“正是持久的工作压力让人们在一段时间后感到沮丧。他们没有合适的设备，没有所需的东西，没有足够的人来做这项工作。”A. amazed吃惊的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. frustrated沮丧的。根据上文“the lasting job stressors”可知，持久的工作压力应该是会让人们在一段时间后感到沮丧。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen. Spring cleaning. I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order. “Honey, how about spending the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?” I ask. “Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?” my husband answers. But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League baseball practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter’s hibernation, yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze with all of the natural world demanding “Awake and be clean!” Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring’s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone our bodies produce when it’s dark. When spring’s light comes, the melatonin declines, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus- filled house we’ve been hibernating in for the past four months. I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring arrival. I speak to them about life’s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum (浮垢) from the bathtub, which hasn’t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall. “I’ll do it,” says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home. “You will? Wow!” I exclaim. Maybe after all these years, he’s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he’s expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he’s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he’s being nice to me, the financial-aid officer. No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, was found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he was supposed to be cleaning. “Awake and be clean!” I say. 36．According to the passage, for modern families, spring cleaning ________. A．calls for more complicated skills B．is no longer something natural to do C．is a highly-respected tradition D．requires more family members to be involved 37．Why does the author say “spring cleaning can’t wait”? A．Because spring is the best time for us to relax ourselves. B．Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer. C．Because our garden requires immediate cleaning after winter. D．Because the weather in spring makes it easier for us to do so. 38．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The reduction of melatonin will give rise to wakefulness in our bodies. B．A dusty, virus-filled house is largely to blame for our sleepiness in winter. C．A role model is needed to help other members grasp the concept of spring cleaning. D．The author’s eldest son agrees to clean the bathtub because she will finance his trip. 39．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Spring Cleaning Affords No Delay! B．Modernity Kills Spring Cleaning C．Spring Cleaning — to Do or Not to Do? D．The Young Need Spring Cleaning 【答案】36．B 37．B 38．A 39．A 【导语】这是一篇记述文。文章主要讲述的是春季家庭大扫除的重要性和进行大扫除的科学原因。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段“I’ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today’s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.(我承认，对于现代家庭来说，春季大扫除是一个难以理解的概念。如今忙碌的家庭几乎没有时间去洗碗，更不用说清洗门垫了。让家人花周末的时间从后院融化的雪中收集冬天的狗堆，就像宣布不再有Wi-Fi一样。它扰乱了自然秩序)”可知，对于现代家庭来说，春季大扫除是一个难以理解的概念，故它不再是一件自然而然去做的事情，故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据第六段中“The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend.(气温上升到足以融化积雪，但还不足以让少年棒球联盟开始练习。一些花从解冻的土地上探出头来，但没有草坪可以播种，也没有花园可以照料。)”可知，作者说春季大扫除不容等待，是因为天气转暖以后会有更多地事情，因此春季大扫除刻不容缓。故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据第七段中“When spring’s light comes, the melatonin declines, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus- filled house we’ve been hibernating in for the past four months.(当春天的阳光来临时，褪黑素下降，突然间，我们被惊醒到过去四个月里一直蛰伏在里面的满是灰尘、病毒的房子里)”可知，褪黑素减少会导致身体清醒。故选A。 39．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第六段中“But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait.(但我告诉我的家人，春季大扫除不容等待)”可知，文章主要讲述的是春季家庭大扫除的重要性和进行大扫除的科学原因。A项“春季大扫除不容拖延”适合作为文章标题，故选A。 (B) http://www.businessaudiopro.com Business Audio Pro Enhance Your Company’s Image with a Professionally Recorded Telephone Greeting A professional, personalized voicemail message creates an excellent first impression. Business Audio Pro meets your specifications to record a customized telephone greeting within three business days! Services We Offer: 1. Professional Voice Talent for Voicemail Messages -We have numerous male and female voice actors with a wide range of tones, accents, and dialects. Visit businessaudiopro. com to hear examples of what each actor sounds like and choose the one that best suits your needs. 2. On-Hold Messages - We also create professional on-hold messages with pleasant music to enhance your customers’ experience. 3. Customized Script Writing -Our experienced script writers can help you craft a personalized message that distinguishes you and your business. 4. Multilingual Voice Production-For those with a multilingual customer base, we offer services in a wide range of languages. Send us an e-mail (inquiry@businessaudiopro.com) with your contact information and your specific needs. Arepresentative will call you within 24 hours to discuss your project and provide a price estimate. To:          inquiry@businessaudiopro.com From:        j.annesly@anneslydata.com Date:        June 25 Subject:     Request I found your notice in the newspaper and wish to use your services for my data-processing and transcription business. I am looking specifically for a professionally recorded voicemail greeting intended for my clients, and I wonder if you would be available to write and record this for me, and how soon. Since I work with English-and Spanish-speaking clients, I would like the message to be recorded in both languages. Please reach out to me at my mobile phone between the hours of 10:00 A M. and 5:00 P M. I hope to hear from you soon, Thank you. Jody Annesly Annesly Data 512-555-6879(mobile) 342 Maymill Road. Fort Worth. TX 70609 40．From what is mentioned above, we can learn that Business Audio Pro. A．is always ready to answer customers’ phone calls B．has its professional services advertised in the newspaper C．provides voice samples and estimated prices on its website D．fills orders in three days’time to meet customers’ specific needs 41．What services does Ms. Annesly request from Business Audio Pro? ① Professional voice talent                 ② On-hold messages ③ Customized script writing                 ④ Multilingual Voice production A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 42．Who is Ms. Annesly most likely to be? A．A business owner. B．A data collector. C．A sales assistant. D．A customer service specialist. 【答案】40．B 41．D 42．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。这是一家服务公司的广告，称自己可以为客户录制个性化电话录音，以提升公司形象，及一个客户发送的邮件要求得到相应服务。 40．细节理解题。根据第二部分客户的email部分“I found your notice in the newspaper and wish to use your services for my data-processing and transcription business. (我在报纸上看到了您的广告，希望使用您的服务为我的数据处理和转录业务)”可知，Ms. Annesly看到了该公司的广告；由此可知，Business Audio Pro为其专业服务打了广告。故选B项。 41．细节理解题。根据根据第二部分客户的email部分“I am looking specifically for a professionally recorded voicemail greeting intended for my clients, and I wonder if you would be available to write and record this for me, and how soon. Since I work with English-and Spanish-speaking clients, I would like the message to be recorded in both languages. (我在报纸上看到了您的通知，希望使用您的服务为我的数据处理和转录业务，我正在寻找专门为我的客户录制的专业语音邮件问候语，我想知道您是否可以为我编写和录制，以及多久。由于我与讲英语和西班牙语的客户合作，我希望这条信息用两种语言录制)”可知，Ms. Annesly请这家公司为她自己的生意编写并录制专业语音邮件问候语，并要求多种语言制作。故选D项。 42．推理判断题。根据第二部分客户的email部分“I found your notice in the newspaper and wish to use your services for my data-processing and transcription business. (我在报纸上看到了您的广告，希望使用您的服务为我的数据处理和转录业务，我正在寻找专门为我的客户录制的专业语音邮件问候语)”中my data-processing and transcription business及最后公司的名字Annesly Data推知，Ms. Annesly是一位企业主。故选A项。 (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be angry. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(义愤填膺), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________. A．posing a question B．justifying an assumption C．making a comparison D．explaining a phenomenon 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph 1) implies that ________. A．monkeys are also angered by slack rivals B．hating unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________. A．more inclined to weigh what they get B．attentive to researchers’ instructions C．nice in both appearance and temperament D．more generous than their male companions 46．When can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human anger evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. 【答案】43．C 44．B 45．A 46．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waa对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务”的价值。 43．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.”（这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，潜在的假设是，其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的委屈感。但是佐治亚州亚特兰大市埃默里大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal刚刚发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究表明，猴子也有类似的“太猴子化”的行为。）可知，第一段提到人因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过比较引入主题。故选C项。 44．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be angry. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human””（事实上，如果他有懒惰的名声，你甚至可能会生气。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化。’）已经第一段末尾的“as well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all too monkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性。故选B项。 45．推理判断题。根据第三段中“They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.”（它们看起来很可爱。它们是性情善良、乐于合作的动物，它们乐于分享食物。最重要的是，就像她们的雌性同伴一样，她们往往比雄性更关注“商品和服务”的价值。）可推知，选择雌性卷尾猴进行研究很可能是因为它们更倾向于权衡他们所得到的。故选A项。 46．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.”（然而，这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来，还是源于3500万年前这两个物种的共同祖先，至今仍是一个没有答案的问题。）可知，从最后一段我们可以推断出人类的愤怒源自一个不确定的来源。故选B项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Today, in most of the theatres in Britain, the stages are situated behind a sort of arch (拱门), called the proscenium (幕布前的舞台部分) arch. The arch runs across the building with the stage on one side of it and the auditorium, housing the audience, on the other. The audience is kept to the area from which it can get a clear view of the stage. 47 The actor can ignore them until the end, when they applaud the performance. 48 Stage furniture or properties -“props”, as they are referred to in the business -are now as few as possible. Elaborate scenery is used only when it is going to last throughout the play, or when it is so constructed that it can be changed quickly. Modern theatres are built with the stage extending far in front of the proscenium arch, if indeed they have a proscenium arch at all, electricity, already long in use, has recently had a revolutionary effect. The modern idea of having the stage in front of the proscenium arch is not really modern, of course. It makes our stages much like Shakespeare’s. 49 The famous speeches of Hamlet, for instance, can be delivered more quietly and naturally than they were in the last century. The actors no longer have to worry much about not being heard, or about turning their backs to the auditorium. Moreover, nowadays, people are finding that modern theatres are built to sit in comfortably for two or three hours at a stretch. 50 The result of these improvements is that, in spite of the high price of seats, perhaps more people than ever before are keen on theatre-going. A．Over the last few decades, since the Second World War, theatrical customs have altered. B．It makes people feel, as they watch a play or a show, that they are seeing a living and moving picture. C．All these innovations have quickened up the pace of the drama. D．This is an advantage both for actors and audience. E．Today the theatres are much more comfortable because of the many improvements. F．Often they can meet and eat in the restaurants attached to the theatres. 【答案】47．B 48．D 49．A 50．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国戏剧的发展以及剧院的布局特点。 47．根据上文“The arch runs across the building with the stage on one side of it and the auditorium, housing the audience, on the other. The audience is kept to the area from which it can get a clear view of the stage. (拱门横跨整个建筑，舞台在它的一侧，容纳观众的礼堂在另一侧。观众被限制在可以清楚地看到舞台的地方。)”可推知此处介绍了剧院的布局，B选项“当人们看戏剧或表演时，它使人们觉得他们在看一幅生动的、移动的画面。”符合语境，说明这样布局的原因。故选B。 48．设空处为本段的主题句。根据下文“Stage furniture or properties-props”, as they are referred to in the business -are now as few as possible. Elaborate scenery is used only when it is going to last throughout the play, or when it is so constructed that it can be changed quickly. Modern theatres are built with the stage extending far in front of the proscenium arch, if indeed they have a proscenium arch at all, electricity, already long in use, has recently had a revolutionary effect. (舞台家具或财产—因为他们在业务上被称为“props”——在尽可能少。精心制作的布景只有在它将贯穿整个戏剧，或者当它被构造得可以迅速改变时才会被使用。现代剧院的舞台都延伸到台前拱门的前面，如果它们真的有台前拱门的话，那么长期使用的电力最近已经产生了革命性的影响。)”可知本段从演员和观众两个角度说明了这样布局的好处，D选项“这对演员和观众都是有利的。”符合本段题意，故选D。 49．根据下文“The famous speeches of Hamlet, for instance, can be delivered more quietly and naturally than they were in the last century. (例如，哈姆雷特的著名演讲可以比上个世纪更安静、更自然地发表。)”可知这是在举例说明戏剧习俗发生了变化，所以A选项“在过去的几十年里，自第二次世界大战以来，戏剧的习俗发生了变化。”符合题意，紧密承接下文，故选A。 50．根据下文“The result of these improvements is that, in spite of the high price of seats, perhaps more people than ever before are keen on theatre-going. (这些改进的结果是，尽管票价很高，但也许比以往任何时候都有更多的人热衷于去剧院。)”可推知上文是关于剧院的改进，选项E“由于许多改进，今天的剧院舒适多了。”符合题意，故选E。 III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Problem With Fast Fashion There’s nothing quite like new clothes, is there? The UK certainly loves them. According to a report by the Environmental Audit Committee (EAC), the UK consumes five times more clothes today than it did in the 1980s. That’s more than any other nation in Europe and amounts to around 26.7 kg per person.This results in 235 million garments being dumped into landfills - victims of fast fashion. Fast fashion is defined as “an accelerated fashion business model ”involving “increased numbers of new fashion collections every year,” “quick turnarounds(周转期)”and “lower prices,” according to the EAC． Globalization means that clothing is made in countries where labour is cheaper. These savings are passed on to consumers, who then consider the clothes they own disposable - easily replaceable with something more trendy. And that creates problems. First, there’re the environmental costs. Manufacturing any kind of textile costs resources. For example, synthetic fibres, which are made from plastic, have a larger carbon footprint than natural ones. Natural fibres, although more carbon-efficient, still require more water to grow. And further resources are used as the cloth is dyed, made into clothing and transported to retail for sale. Secondly, the fast-fashion industry is under pressure to put the latest trending items on shelves faster, which can lead to workers being exploited and forced to labour in poor working conditions. In countries such as Bangladesh, Ethiopia and the Philippines, workers are paid wages that are insufficient to live on. One worker in Ethiopia told the BBC that they had to deal with intolerable conditions, such as withheld overtime payments, verbal abuse, and unsanitary toilets. So what can be done in the UK to reduce clothing waste? The EAC has recommended eighteen improvements to the UK government, from increasing tax on purchases to fund recycling centres to introducing more sewing lessons in schools, encouraging a make do and mend attitude when things become worn out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The pursuit of fast fashion in the UK has led to the over consumption of clothing. Consumers have been misled into thinking clothes are disposable because of their low prices and quick turnarounds, which has thus created more waste. Consequently, problems like pollution and workers being exploited have arisen. The UK government has been advised to work to solve the problem. (60 words) 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在英国，对快时尚的追求导致了服装的过度消费。由于低廉的价格和快速的循环，消费者被误导认为衣服是一次性的，从而产生了更多的浪费。因此，出现了污染和工人被剥削等问题。有人建议英国政府努力解决这个问题。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①According to a report by the Environmental Audit Committee (EAC), the UK consumes five times more clothes today than it did in the 1980s. ②This results in 235 million garments being dumped into landfills - victims of fast fashion. ③Fast fashion is defined as “an accelerated fashion business model ”involving “increased numbers of new fashion collections every year,” “quick turnarounds(周转期)”and “lower prices,” according to the EAC. ④These savings are passed on to consumers, who then consider the clothes they own disposable - easily replaceable with something more trendy. ⑤And that creates problems. ⑥First, there’re the environmental costs. ⑦Secondly, the fast-fashion industry is under pressure to put the latest trending items on shelves faster, which can lead to workers being exploited and forced to labour in poor working conditions. ⑧The EAC has recommended eighteen improvements to the UK government. 2.缜密构思 将①、②两个要点进行整合，③、④、⑤三个要点进行重组，⑥、⑦两个要点进行整合 3.遣词造句 Consumers have been misled into thinking clothes are disposable because of their low prices and quick tuma rounds, which has thus created more waste. Consequently, problems like pollution and workers being exploited have arisen. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Consumers have been misled into thinking clothes are disposable because of their low prices and quick tuma rounds, which has thus created more waste.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] Consequently, problems like pollution and workers being exploited have arisen.（运用了现在分词的被动语态作后置定语） IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．双方会晤以努力解决分歧。(resolve)(汉译英) 【答案】Both sides met in order to try to resolve their differences. 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“双方”应用both sides；表示“会晤”应用meet，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“为了”应用in order to；表示“努力做某事”应用try to do sth.，此处使用动词原形；表示“解决分歧”应用resolve their differences，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故翻译为Both sides met in order to try to resolve their differences. 53．他突然在课堂上站起来，就像是鼓起很大的勇气要表达自己观点一样。(as if)(汉译英) 【答案】He suddenly stood up in class as if to take much courage to express his opinions. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“突然”是suddenly，“站起来”是stand up，stand的过去式是stood，“在课堂上”是in class，“就像是要做某事一样”是as if to do，“鼓起很大的勇气去做某事”是take much courage to do，“表达自己观点”是express one’s opinions，主语是he，因此one’s用his，因此整句话翻译为“He suddenly stood up in class as if to take much courage to express his opinions”。故答案为He suddenly stood up in class as if to take much courage to express his opinions. 54．事实证明, 每个观影者都看到了自己和世界之间的关联。(turn out)(汉译英) 【答案】It turns out that every watcher of the movies sees the connections between them and the world. 【详解】考查固定句型、时态和介词短语。“事实证明”用固定句型it turn out that...表示，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态；“每个观影者”是从句主语，用短语every watcher of the movies表示，谓语动词“看到”用动词see，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，用单数形式sees，宾语“自己和世界之间的关联”用介词短语the connections between them and the world，其中介词短语between them and the world作后置定语。综上，全句译为：It turns out that every watcher of the movies sees the connections between them and the world. 55．对于为什么这位剧作家如此伟大，没有人能想出确切的答案。(come)(汉译英) 【答案】No one has come up with a definite answer as to why the playwright should be so great. 【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。表示“没有人能想出确切的答案”用no one has come up with a definite answer，该结构中表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响即使用现在完成时，come up with意为“提出，想出”，“确切的答案”用a definite answer；表示“对于”用as to；表示“对于为什么这位剧作家如此伟大”用 as to why the playwright should be so great，此处why引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作原因状语，表示“这位剧作家如此伟大”用the playwright should be so great。故翻译为No one has come up with a definite answer as to why the playwright should be so great. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生王磊，你的表弟是一名高一学生。最近，你得知他因为交友、学业压力等问题而闷闷不乐。请你写一封信给他，谈谈你的看法和建议。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My dear cousin, I am very concerned when seeing you in low spirits these days. I know that you have been under tremendous pressure from study and friendship, which needs addressing immediately in case it should bring more hazards to you both mentally and physically. Hard as it is to deal with pressure, I deem some tips might do you good. For starters, shift your focus. Thinking about the progress you’ve made or looking at what you’ve achieved will help you form a comprehensive understanding of yourself, thus enhancing your self-confidence. Second, relax. Take some physical exercise or see a movie, and you will find yourself recharged. Last, sleep well. Sustained pressure will make it hard for you to sleep and lack of sleep will result in less concentration in class, which in turn increase the pressure you suffer. I hope that you can take my advice. Yours sincerely, Wang Lei 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生表弟写封信，对他因为交友、学业压力等问题而闷闷不乐的事情谈谈自己的看法和建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 担忧的：concerned→worried 情绪低落：in low spirits→down in spirits 巨大的：tremendous→giant 某事需要被做：need doing→need to be done 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Take some physical exercise or see a movie, and you will find yourself recharged. 拓展句：If you take some physical exercise or see a movie, you will find yourself recharged. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I know that you have been under tremendous pressure from study and friendship, which needs addressing immediately in case it should bring more hazards to you both mentally and physically. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Hard as it is to deal with pressure, I deem some tips might do you good. (运用了部分倒装) [高分句型3] Thinking about the progress you’ve made or looking at what you’ve achieved will help you form a comprehensive understanding of yourself, thus enhancing your self-confidence. (运用了动名词作主语、现在分词作结果状语和what引导的宾语从句) 试卷第2页，共22页 试卷第1页，共22页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中模拟卷 答题卡 姓 名: 缺考 标 贴条形码区 准考证号 。 而 1 C 。 -Nm41nn -N1no1~o。 0 -N4 #-N74 _N -Nm P-N啊 -Nr - 注意事项 1 { 1. 答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 并认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 (- 4 4 (地~ (。 n。 1 r10。N 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须用0.5mm 1nN 1 1D1 1 黑色字迹的答字笔填写,字体工整。 。1 3. 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答,超出答题区域范 7~ 1- 1 围的答案无效,在草纸、试卷上作答无效 。 4. 保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用 。 0 涂改液、刮纸刀。 5. 正确填涂 选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂) 1A11B11CIID1 11CA 17 A||B||ClID 16 1A11B11CIID1 1A1|B|1CIID] 班 1A11B11CHID] 1A11B1ICIlID1 30 1A11B11C11D1 1A1IBIIClID 20 |A11B11C|1ID 11 A1IIC!EE!. 31A1IB11C11D1 将 将1 48 1A11B1|C1|D1|E1||F1 40 1A|1B1|C11D1 “-...-.--.-.. 非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答 英语第1页(共2页 I、Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A -封-.- __---- -----线 ____ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答:超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 英语第2页(共2页) Section B 11. 16. 取 17. 18 10 20 III.SummaryWriting(共10分) 我 IV、Translation(15分) 51、 52、 53、 54、 55、 班 V、Guided Writing(25分) 英语第1页(共2页)