Unit 2 Period 5 Writing-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册作业与测评word（外研版2019）

Period 5　Writing 概要写作 技法指导 一、题型分析 概要写作是对原文的高度浓缩，是阅读者在不改变原文的中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下用简洁、精炼的语言表述一篇文章的主要内容、基本观点或事实。它主要包括阅读和写作两个过程。 二、写作原则 1．客观性 概要写作其实是一种客观的复述，在正确理解原文的基础上，用自己的语言忠实地再现作者的思想，写作内容要全面，既不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容。特别需要注意的是，不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe ...”， “I think ...”等句式。 2．简洁性 能简则简，避免繁复。概要写作是一种通过对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除细节，减少例证，简化描述以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。 3．连贯性 概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。 经典句式 1．开头常用句式 ①As independent animals, cats can be trained if you start with several basic steps. 猫作为独立的动物，如果你从几个基本步骤开始它是可以被训练的。 ②This year, people are doing Christmas shopping online at home rather than leave their homes for cheaper goods and more convenience. 今年，人们宁愿在家里网购圣诞礼物，也不愿为了更便宜的商品和更多的便利而出门。 ③Social robots are going to catch on in the near future. 社交机器人在不久的将来会流行起来。 2．主体段落常用句式 ①Schools adopt uniform policy, as teachers are convinced that uniform has numerous benefits for students. 学校实行校服政策，因为教师深信校服对学生有许多好处。 ②Not only did Olson accomplish the task of training Derby to be capable of its work—to help people with visual disabilities, but she herself benefited much from this experience. 奥尔森不仅完成了训练德比的任务，使其能够帮助视力残疾的人，而且她本人也从这一经历中受益匪浅。 ③These humanoid robots are not just able to do the household chores but also capable of fulfilling tasks and offering emotional support in a more humanized way. 这些人形机器人不仅能做家务，还能以更人性化的方式完成任务和提供情感支持。 ④Apart from schools, other fields, including hospitals, banks, police and some companies also insist on wearing uniforms for the sake of professionalism and convenience. 除了学校，其他领域，包括医院、银行、警察和一些公司也为了专业和方便而坚持穿制服。 ⑤Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. 在大多数人看来，摆脱污垢是一件好事。 ⑥However, people began to change their attitudes to female roles in the family. 然而，人们开始改变他们对女性在家庭中的角色的态度。 3．结尾常用句式 ①Therefore, what we can do is to use insecticides to control them, and reducing clutter around the house should be another way to get rid of its nests. 因此，我们能做的就是用杀虫剂来控制它们，减少房子周围的杂物应该是另一种摆脱巢穴的方法。 ②Yet, they are not a replacement but a complement to the labor force. 然而，它们并不是劳动力的替代品，而是劳动力的补充。 ③Above all, there's no certain conclusion that optimism precedes good health. 最重要的是，没有确定的结论表明乐观意味着健康。 典例演练 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Learning by Rote in the Digital Age Rote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning “by rote” as: “from memory, without thought of the meaning; in a mechanical way”． The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends' phone numbers or email addresses because such date is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Ⅱ broke out when you can find the answer on the internet in about six seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning. In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject. While the Internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun. Drilling yourself—with flashcards or by repetition—is usually hard and boring work, which is why most people need their multiplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game­like structures or recording our progress. Once you've acquired essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] Rote learning means mechanical memorization.(要点1) Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered.(要点2) Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding.(要点3) In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learners to rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized.(要点4) 总评　本篇概要语言表达准确，逻辑性强，自然流畅，结构清晰，层次分明。 [亮点呈现] (1)本文使用了一些高级词组，如mechanical memorization, acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding, motivates learners等。 (2)连词和过渡性词语的使用也很精彩，如although, in fact 等。 (3)运用了一些让人耳目一新的高级句式，给整篇文章生辉增艳。如：although引导的让步状语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句等。 跟踪演练 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Stress for a teenager is as real as stress for an adult. Therefore, it's important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers. When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life. Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades. Extra curricular (课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child's mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school. These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。压力对青少年和成年人是一样存在的，所以了解青少年的压力是非常重要的。 [精彩范文] The passage talks about the causes of stress among teenagers. (要点1) One of the factors is teenagers' inability to adapt to new environment after moving to another place. (要点2) Other causes include poor academic performance and extra curricular. (要点3) Once teenagers show signs of pressure, parents are encouraged to help them cope with it.(要点4) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$