精品解析：2025届北京市石景山区高三下学期一模英语试题

石景山区2025年高三统一练习 英语 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文、掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of ____1____ this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not ____2____, often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to ____3____ the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only ____4____ practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was ____5____. On the first three days alone, I made $406.Thai initial success was more than just encouraging — it was ____6____ that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the centre, grateful for the charging service, ____7____ my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed ____8____ to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also drew on technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which ____9____ my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as l begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these _____10_____ lessons have set a stage for the future. 1. A. medicine B. literature C. business D. science 2. A. reliable B. private C. affordable D. renewable 3. A. discuss B. raise C. report D. address 4. A. promote B. replace C. meet D. guide 5. A. disappointing B. incredible C. strange D. embarrassing 6. A. proof B. doubt C. hope D. fear 7. A. confused B. challenged C. confirmed D. changed 8. A. income B. capital C. price D. profit 9. A. estimated B. provided C. doubled D. reduced 10. A. practical B. classic C. familiar D. cultural 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Released in 2023, DeepSeek is ____11____ open-source artificial intelligence system. Users can download, change and even run it locally ____12____ (satisfy) their specific technical requirements. Its latest model, V3.5, delivers exceptional performance in reasoning, text generation, and data analysis tasks. Many users are choosing DeepSeek not only for its powerful features but also for its ____13____ (low) costs compared to any other option on the market. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The first public hotline, ____14____ is a tool for enhancing citizen participation and improving city management, started in London in 1937. In China, the government hotline ____15____ (launch) in big cities during the 1980s and later improved to be a citizen service platform in 2019. Now, in Beijing, more than 1,700 operators deal with over 60,000 calls each day. This system ____16____ (promote) interaction between citizens and the city, ____17____ (respond) to their appeals and making the city a better place. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scrolling through the phone, Zhang Yang noticed Chongqing subway-through-building videos were gaining massive attention. Curious, he searched the data and found that the foreign tourist arrivals ____18____ (keep) rising steadily even before these videos OSS surfaced. ____19____ (inspire) by this upward trend, he joined a travel startup and set about designing personalised cultural trips. As a result, his ____20____ (booking) have doubled these days, proving that such trips are attracting more foreign travelers than crowded tourist spots when they look for meaningful connections with local culture. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The AI Scholars Programme (AISP) offers high school students worldwide a four-week, on-campus experience in artificial intelligence (AI) at Westbridge Technology University (WTU), connecting them with leading AI researchers. This fully-funded programme covers course fees, housing and programme-related field trips. Course Plan A virtual Python preparation course begins one month prior to the start of the campus programme. Coding experience is not required, and instructor support will be available for all students. Core academic modules include lectures on using AI fairly and safely, along with in-depth seminars led by WTU teaching staff that explore current AI research projects. Students will apply newly acquired AI skills to real-world challenges in a hands-on group project, which will be presented at the AISP closing ceremony. Site visits with industry leaders are also included to explore emerging career paths in the AI field, along with academic writing workshops for college application. Application Requirements Students applying for AISP must be at least 16 years old. The complete application for AISP will consist of： an online application form; official high school records of academic performance and extra-curricular activities; a personal statement demonstrating curiosity in AI research and commitment to socially responsible innovation. Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit a one-page maximum summary of the research proposal, clarifying how the project uses AI, its importance and intended outcomes. This will provide valuable information about the applicant’s research potential, technical skills, and ability to plan and communicate their research goals. Applications of 2025 programme close on April 15, 2025, with interviews conducted through May. Click here to start your application. 21. What is the main purpose of the AISP? A. To engage students in AI exploration. B. To advocate cooperation in AI research. C. To provide career guidance in AI industry. D. To promote the principles of AI applications. 22. What can students learn from the programme? A. Academic writing on AI development. B. Ways to write an AI research proposal. C. AI skills for solving problems in reality. D. Advanced maths and physics with AI focus. 23. To be considered for the programme, students should . A. pay the tuition fees in advance B. upload a recommendation letter C. submit an online application form in May D. provide school records and a personal statement B In my early forties, I began painting with watercolours. Each brushstroke on paper turned into a personal language, allowing me to express the inexpressible. The feeling of colour being absorbed into the paper was calming, yet it left me longing for something deeper. Over time, I became more interested in oil paints. Although they took longer to dry, they offered me a sense of control. Layers of paints combined smoothly, creating a three-dimensional effect that watercolours couldn’t copy. Oil paints granted me the precious opportunity to take a few steps back, as if I were a curious explorer approaching a hidden landscape. However, working with oil paints wasn’t easy. Getting the right shine or thickness required patience, and at times, I felt annoyed by my lack of progress. Colours didn’t always behave as expected, and I struggled to achieve the vision in my mind. But the more I persisted, the more I understood oil paints. They balanced softness with depth, giving me the chance to create both delicate and grand images. The process of painting became reflective, a practice of exploring colours, textures (纹理) and emotions — sometimes rough, sometimes peaceful, but always rewarding. One evening, I noticed a strange shade of blue on my canvas (画布). It seemed out of place, as if it didn’t belong. My heart skipped a beat, and I stared at it, uncertain if it was part of my recent work or a trick of the eye. As I stepped back to examine the canvas, the blue shade slowly began to make sense. It was not an error but an invitation — an unplanned element that added depth to the piece in a way I hadn’t expected. At that moment, I realised that painting, much like life, was not about complete control but about embracing the unexpected. From then on I approached my work with a new sense of curiosity. I let colours blend more freely, allowed accidental mistakes to become part of the composition, and accepted that every brushstroke carried its own story. Oil painting not only gave me a medium to express myself but also taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty of discovery. Looking at my finished work, I no longer saw just layers of paints. I saw moments of struggle, joy, and growth woven into the canvas — a reminder that art, like any, is as much about the process as it is about the final masterpiece. 24. Why did the author turn to oil paints? A. To enhance creativity. B. To save painting time. C. To seek deeper artistic control. D. To improve painting skills. 25. What challenge did the author face when working with oil paints? A. Balancing softness and sharpness. B. Creating a three-dimensional effect. C. Achieving the right shine and thickness. D. Controlling the drying time of the paints. 26. What message does the author want to convey? A. Art is a journey of welcoming imperfections. B. A good picture is worth a thousand words. C. Beauty is the ultimate goal of fine art. D. Creating is about exploring ideal self. C Researchers from the NeuroMind Institute have developed a new system that uses predator (捕食者) robots to chase (追逐) larval (幼体的) zebrafish in an open water. This innovative approach is helping scientists study how the young fish rapidly learn and adapt in real-world conditions. Larval zebrafish are a valuable tool for neuroscientists because their transparency enables easy study of the brain and behaviour. However, it’s been difficult for scientists to study learning in these developing vertebrates (脊椎动物) — an important part of understanding how the brain works. Previous research found young zebrafish could learn simple associations. But this type of learning happens slowly and often unreliably, and it was still unclear whether days-old zebrafish can learn fast enough to use their memory in natural situations, like recognizing and avoiding new predators. The researchers thought that traditional ways of testing learning in larval zebrafish in the lab, where the conditions were far from what the fish would encounter in the wild, might not be effective for uncovering how the fish learn. To model a real-life situation, the researchers used small robotic cylinders (圆柱体), with some programmed to show predator-like characteristics. The researchers created the dynamics: they first placed a robot that stayed still with a free-swimming zebrafish; after the robot chased the fish for a minute, the fish began avoiding the robot’s area for more than an hour — a big change from the non-avoidant behaviour before the chase experience. When a second robot was introduced that did not chase the fish, the zebrafish only avoided the chasing robot, showing that they could distinguish between a threat and a non-threat. Using this system, the researchers made an unexpected discovery that not only could larval zebrafish learn extremely quickly in a more natural context, but they could also do so just five days after beginning their lives as single cells. This was particularly surprising given the fact that a developing zebrafish larva contains just one percent or so of the neurons (神经元) in its adult form. The findings suggest that some essential learning abilities, like recognizing predators, emerge early in life and are critical for survival. Further brain imaging reveals that different regions of the zebrafish brain are involved in this rapid learning: the hindbrain, a region controlling essential functions, responds to the approaching predator; the forebrain, a region associated with learning and planning, encodes the presence of the predator robot; and the habenula, another brain area, signals avoidance outcomes. All these regions are necessary for learning, and silencing any of them removes the ability of the fish to learn. It is believed that the new work could offer insights into how other brains process real-world threats. 27. Why did the researchers develop a new system with larval zebrafish? A. To observe their hunting behaviours. B. To identify their simple associations. C. To examine their brain characteristics. D. To uncover their learning in natural settings. 28. What does the underlined word “dynamics” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interaction. B. Function. C. Structure. D. Standard. 29. What can we learn about larval zebrafish? A. They can distinguish between robots and fish. B. They learn fast through a multi-regional brain network. C They develop learning abilities when reaching adulthood. D. They can recognise predators with much neurons needed. 30. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. Explaining the robot design used in the experiment. B. Exploring danger processing in other species’ brains. C. Analysing the connection between learning and planning. D. Describing zebrafish behaviours in different surroundings. D The moon stands alone. Unique in the universe, it is a lifeless and sunbaked wasteland that harbours little except what we bring to it. But that is about to change. Half a century after the Apollo programme, a private spacecraft Nova-C made the first touchdown on the moon successfully, bearing scientific instruments, microfiche (微缩胶片) story disks, cameras, and sculptures to stay on the moon forever. Its success would promise many more. Though it may seem like an exciting outlook for humanity’s space exploration ambitions, it also signals a future where the moon becomes a hotbed of ungoverned business operations that will irreversibly (不可逆地) transform it. For the first time, private capital has reached the moon, expanding beyond scientific goals. This allows private landers, even when carrying government science experiments, to include additional non-scientific payloads (有酬负载) for other customers. Items bound to raise various objections, such as human cremains (骨灰) and dehydrated water bears from past missions, have caused concerns about biological materials on the moon. There’re a lot more planned for future launches, likely sparking further debate. Before this decade is out, with a powerful enough telescope, you may be able to see evidence of human construction or even habitation on the moon. In 2023, the global space industry was valued at $469 billion, expected to exceed $1 trillion by 2030, driven by growing satellite use in manufacturing, power, and data. “We are now at a tipping point, where ideas previously limited to science fiction represent attractive investment projects,” a report read. A voluntary agreement has been used since 2020 to foster lunar cooperation. It promotes international standards, emergency assistance and data sharing. However, it also allows for exploiting (开采) lunar resources like dust, water, rare earth elements and other materials. Exploring the moon has value for science and potential benefits for Earth, but humans often turn exploration into exploitation, and the moon may face the same fate. The moon won’t be alone for long. But it is and will forever be quiet. It plays host to no thunderstorms, no crashing waves, no bird songs and no anthems (国歌). We must be its voice. We will soon change its surface, and our relationship to it, forever. At the very least, we owe the moon a considered discussion of why and how we will do so. 31. What is the author’s concern about the moon’s future? A. Unregulated commercial activities. B. Illegal human construction. C. Limited payload carried to the moon. D. A lack of scientific missions. 32. The “tipping point” in Paragraph 4 indicates the change . A. from cooperation to competition B. from science to trade C. from lunar landing to settlement D. from fantasy to adventure 33. What can we infer from this passage? A. Lunar resource exploration holds great promise. B Massive investment is beneficial to lunar development. C. Non-scientific activities can test lunar environmental limits. D. The existing agreement is insufficient in controlling over-exploitation. 34. What would be the best title for this passage? A. The Promising Moon: Playground for All B. The Moon’s Edge: Ambition Meets Reality C. The Moon’s Future: Uncover the Unknown D. The Silent Moon: Humanity’s Responsibility 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Brain Perceives Unexpected Pain More Strongly Pain perception (感知) can vary significantly between individuals and even within the same person across different situations. In some cases, an injury or physical illness may lead to stronger pain than expected, while similar injuries at other times may result in much milder pain. This difference suggests that pain perception is not entirely determined by the physical injury itself. ____35____ ____36____ One is the Estimate Hypothesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity of pain based on predictions it makes about the injury. The other is the Surprise Hypothesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually occurred. This difference, also known as the prediction gap, plays a key role in shaping how pain is experienced. ____37____ Healthy participants were subjected to painful hot-based stimuli (刺激), while observing visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either associated with painful or non-painful experiences. Participants were then asked to report their pain intensity. The researchers discovered that pain perception becomes more intense as the prediction gap widens. This phenomenon occurs when the actual pain is much stronger than the brain’s expectations. Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perception when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels. ____38____ It provides a more accurate framework for understanding how the brain processes pain. The study also revealed that unexpected events tend to increase pain, supporting the idea that the difference between expectation and reality causes pain to feel worse. Individuals with persistent pain often experience uncertain fears and anxieties about their condition. This mismatch between their expectations and the actual experience of pain can further strengthen how strongly they perceive the pain. ____39____ Gaining deeper insights into how the brain processes pain could also contribute to the development of more effective treatments, ultimately improving recovery from persistent pain. A. This evidence supports the Surprise Hypothesis. B. It is also strongly influenced by individual expectations. C. In this study, how the brain perceives pain was examined. D. In contrast, the gap will determine the intensity of the pain one feels. E. To explain this phenomenon, a new study has introduced two main assumptions. F. The findings highlight the importance of psychological factors in pain management. G. Narrowing this gap between expectation and reality may play a key role in reducing pain. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 A Journey with a Painting Drone In the messy garage of their home, 16-year-old Emma stared at the pieces of her brother’s old broken drone (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” While most students built simple things like solar chargers, Emma dreamed of something bigger — a drone that could paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached to propellers (螺旋桨) and colours guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept working. One rainy afternoon, she adjusted the drone’s settings to match music. Every beat released a paint drop. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma noticed a pattern in the chaos. After five tries, the drone danced to Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her project won the school’s top prize and even inspired local artists to use her technology for large outdoor artworks. Emma’s success wasn’t just about imagination. It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grows not in daydreams alone, but when wild ideas meet real-world logic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drone; she grounded her vision in maths and physics, calculating how to keep brushes steady mid-flight. Second, bravery grows through small steps. Early on, Emma almost abandoned her idea, fearing others would laugh. But she fought doubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead of giving up, she found joy in the chaos. Her attempts reminded her that “impossible” ideas can awaken wonder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins. Most importantly, Emma’s journey mirrors a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning to walk, demands patience. Every wobble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track of progress. When we cheer for effort rather than perfection — whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward. 40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give to the class? ________________________________________________________ 41. According to the author, what are the essential keys to unlocking creativity? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. ________________________________________________________ 43. How do you unlock your creativity? Please give one example. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim要参加学校举办的“世界智慧城市”(Global Smart City)展示活动。他打算介绍北京，聚焦智慧北京的亮点，向你寻求相关建议、请你用英文回复，内容包括： 1建议内容； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 石景山区2025年高三统一练习 英语 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文、掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realised that classroom alone wouldn’t be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of ____1____ this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not ____2____, often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to ____3____ the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only ____4____ practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was ____5____. On the first three days alone, I made $406.Thai initial success was more than just encouraging — it was ____6____ that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the centre, grateful for the charging service, ____7____ my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed ____8____ to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also drew on technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which ____9____ my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I’ve acquired will certainly serve me well as l begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these _____10_____ lessons have set a stage for the future. 1. A. medicine B. literature C. business D. science 2. A. reliable B. private C. affordable D. renewable 3. A. discuss B. raise C. report D. address 4. A. promote B. replace C. meet D. guide 5. A. disappointing B. incredible C. strange D. embarrassing 6. A. proof B. doubt C. hope D. fear 7. A. confused B. challenged C. confirmed D. changed 8. A. income B. capital C. price D. profit 9. A. estimated B. provided C. doubled D. reduced 10. A. practical B. classic C. familiar D. cultural 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为了在大学前积累市场相关经验，开始创业经营充电站的过程和感悟。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：渴望在大学前获得与市场相关的经验，今年夏天我踏入了商业世界。A. medicine医学；B. literature文学；C. business商业；D. science科学。根据上文“Eager to gain market-related experience”可知，作者想要获得与市场相关的经验，因此踏入了商业世界。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我的社区存在一个问题：电力供应不可靠，经常不足，导致频繁停电，影响日常生活。A. reliable可靠的；B. private私人的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. renewable可再生的。根据下文“often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts”可知，电力供应不足，导致频繁停电，说明电力供应不可靠。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这产生了对充电站的明显需求，所以我决定开设一个来解决这个问题。A. discuss讨论；B. raise提高；C. report报告；D. address解决。根据上文“This created a clear need for a charging station”可知，社区需要充电站，所以作者决定开设一个来解决这个问题。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个最初只是为了为大学做准备的项目，很快变成了一个有意义的项目，塑造了我对商业如何不仅能满足实际需求，还能在社区中产生持久影响的理解。A. promote促进；B. replace替换；C. meet满足；D. guide指导。根据下文“practical needs”可知，此处指满足实际需求。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生意反响令人难以置信。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. strange奇怪的；D. embarrassing尴尬的。根据下文“On the first three days alone, I made $406.”可知，作者三天就赚了406美元，说明生意反响令人难以置信。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一初步的成功不仅仅是鼓舞人心的——它证明了我正在解决一个真正的问题，而且我的服务有市场。A. proof证明；B. doubt怀疑；C. hope希望；D. fear恐惧。根据下文“that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services”可知，作者的生意成功证明了他正在解决一个真正的问题，而且他的服务有市场。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们涌入中心，对充电服务表示感谢，这证实了我的信念：商业就是满足需求，为他人服务。A. confused使困惑；B. challenged挑战；C. confirmed证实；D. changed改变。根据下文“my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others”可知，人们的反应证实了作者对商业的信念。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我需要资金来创业时，我与亲戚谈判，让他们给我两头牛，然后我把牛卖掉来筹集资金。A. income收入；B. capital资金；C. price价格；D. profit利润。根据下文“which I then sold to raise funds”可知，作者卖掉牛来筹集资金，说明他创业时需要资金。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还利用技术技能自己处理电工工作，这降低了我的创业成本。A. estimated估计；B. provided提供；C. doubled加倍；D. reduced减少。根据上文“I also drew on technical skills to handle the electrical work myself”可知，作者自己处理电工工作，这降低了他的创业成本。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我可以看到这些实践课程如何为未来奠定了基础。A. practical实际的；B. classic经典的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cultural文化的。根据上文作者创业的经历可知，作者从中学到了实际的经验，这些实践课程为他的未来奠定了基础。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Released in 2023, DeepSeek is ____11____ open-source artificial intelligence system. Users can download, change and even run it locally ____12____ (satisfy) their specific technical requirements. Its latest model, V3.5, delivers exceptional performance in reasoning, text generation, and data analysis tasks. Many users are choosing DeepSeek not only for its powerful features but also for its ____13____ (low) costs compared to any other option on the market. 【答案】11. an 12. to satisfy 13. lower 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了2023年发布的开源人工智能系统DeepSeek。 【11题详解】 考查冠词。句意：DeepSeek是2023年发布的一款开源人工智能系统。system为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且open-source发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：用户可以下载、修改甚至在本地运行它，以满足其特定的技术需求。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to satisfy。 【13题详解】 考查比较级。句意：许多用户选择DeepSeek，不仅因为其功能强大，而且与市场上其他选项相比，它的成本更低。根据下文的“compared to any other option on the market”可知，是将 DeepSeek 与市场上的其他选择进行比较，所以要用形容词的比较级“lower”，表示“更低的”，作定语，修饰名词costs。故填lower。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The first public hotline, ____14____ is a tool for enhancing citizen participation and improving city management, started in London in 1937. In China, the government hotline ____15____ (launch) in big cities during the 1980s and later improved to be a citizen service platform in 2019. Now, in Beijing, more than 1,700 operators deal with over 60,000 calls each day. This system ____16____ (promote) interaction between citizens and the city, ____17____ (respond) to their appeals and making the city a better place. 【答案】14. which 15. was launched 16. promotes 17. responding 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了公共热线的起源及其在中国的发展。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：第一条公共热线于1937年在伦敦开通，是加强公民参与和改善城市管理的工具。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The first public hotline，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【15题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在中国，政府热线于20世纪80年代在大城市推出，后来在2019年改进为公民服务平台。根据时间状语during the 1980s可知，句子使用一般过去时，launch与主语the government hotline 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是the government hotline ，be动词使用was。故填was launched。 【16题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该系统促进了公民与城市之间的互动，回应了他们的诉求，使城市变得更美好。句子描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语This system是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统促进了公民与城市之间的互动，回应了他们的诉求，使城市变得更美好。空处作非谓语动词，respond与逻辑主语This system之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填responding。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scrolling through the phone, Zhang Yang noticed Chongqing subway-through-building videos were gaining massive attention. Curious, he searched the data and found that the foreign tourist arrivals ____18____ (keep) rising steadily even before these videos OSS surfaced. ____19____ (inspire) by this upward trend, he joined a travel startup and set about designing personalised cultural trips. As a result, his ____20____ (booking) have doubled these days, proving that such trips are attracting more foreign travelers than crowded tourist spots when they look for meaningful connections with local culture. 【答案】18. had kept 19. Inspired 20. bookings 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张阳观察到重庆地铁穿楼视频走红，发现外国游客数量持续增长，因此加入旅游创业公司的小故事。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：出于好奇，他查阅数据后发现，在这些视频走红之前，外国游客数量一直在稳步上升。句中第一个that到句末是宾语从句，空处需要填入的是宾语从句的谓语动词。又根据宾语从句中的时间状语“even before these videos surfaced”可知，时间状从中使用了一般过去时surfaced，空处要填的动作发生于该动作之前，表示过去的过去，应使用过去完成时。故填had kept。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到这一上升趋势的启发，他加入一家旅游创业公司，开始设计个性化的文化旅行项目。句中有并列的谓语joined和set about，空处应填入非谓语动词。句子主语he与动词inspire之间是被动关系，表示“他被趋势所启发”，需用过去分词作原因状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Inspired。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：因此，近日他的预订量翻倍，证明这类旅行在外国游客寻求与当地文化有意义的连接时，比拥挤的景点更具吸引力。根据谓语动词have doubled可知，主语应为复数名词，且booking指“预订量”时通常用复数形式bookings。故填bookings。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The AI Scholars Programme (AISP) offers high school students worldwide a four-week, on-campus experience in artificial intelligence (AI) at Westbridge Technology University (WTU), connecting them with leading AI researchers. This fully-funded programme covers course fees, housing and programme-related field trips. Course Plan A virtual Python preparation course begins one month prior to the start of the campus programme. Coding experience is not required, and instructor support will be available for all students. Core academic modules include lectures on using AI fairly and safely, along with in-depth seminars led by WTU teaching staff that explore current AI research projects. Students will apply newly acquired AI skills to real-world challenges in a hands-on group project, which will be presented at the AISP closing ceremony. Site visits with industry leaders are also included to explore emerging career paths in the AI field, along with academic writing workshops for college application. Application Requirements Students applying for AISP must be at least 16 years old. The complete application for AISP will consist of： an online application form; official high school records of academic performance and extra-curricular activities; a personal statement demonstrating curiosity in AI research and commitment to socially responsible innovation. Applicants are strongly encouraged to submit a one-page maximum summary of the research proposal, clarifying how the project uses AI, its importance and intended outcomes. This will provide valuable information about the applicant’s research potential, technical skills, and ability to plan and communicate their research goals. Applications of 2025 programme close on April 15, 2025, with interviews conducted through May. Click here to start your application. 21. What is the main purpose of the AISP? A. To engage students in AI exploration. B. To advocate cooperation in AI research. C. To provide career guidance in AI industry. D. To promote the principles of AI applications. 22. What can students learn from the programme? A. Academic writing on AI development. B. Ways to write an AI research proposal. C. AI skills for solving problems in reality. D. Advanced maths and physics with AI focus. 23. To be considered for the programme, students should . A. pay the tuition fees in advance B. upload a recommendation letter C. submit an online application form in May D. provide school records and a personal statement 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了西桥科技大学的 AI 学者项目，含课程计划、申请要求，旨在让高中生体验 AI，项目全资助，2025 年 4 月 15 日截止申请 。 21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The AI Scholars Programme (AISP) offers high school students worldwide a four-week, on-campus experience in artificial intelligence (AI) at Westbridge Technology University (WTU), connecting them with leading AI researchers.(人工学者项目（AISP）为全球高中生提供为期四周的Westbridge Technology University（WTU）人工智能校园体验，将他们与领先的AI研究人员联系起来)”可知，整个项目围绕让学生体验和探索 AI 展开，其主要目的是让学生参与到AI 探索中。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Course Plan部分“Students will apply newly acquired AI skills to real-world challenges in a hands-on group project, which will be presented at the AISP closing ceremony.(学生将在AISP闭幕式上展示的实践小组项目中，将新获得的人工智能技能应用于现实世界的挑战)”可知，学生们将在一个实际操作的小组项目中，把新学到的人工智能技能应用到现实世界的挑战中，这表明学生可以从该项目中学到用于解决现实问题的 AI 技能。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Application Requirements部分“ The complete application for AISP will consist of : an online application form; official high school records of academic performance and extra-curricular activities; a personal statement demonstrating curiosity in AI research and commitment to socially responsible innovation.(申请AISP的学生必须年满16岁。AISP的完整申请将包括：在线申请表；官方高中学业成绩和课外活动记录；一份个人陈述，展示了对人工智能研究的好奇心和对社会责任创新的承诺)”可知，要申请该项目，学生应该提供学校记录和个人陈述。故选D项。 B In my early forties, I began painting with watercolours. Each brushstroke on paper turned into a personal language, allowing me to express the inexpressible. The feeling of colour being absorbed into the paper was calming, yet it left me longing for something deeper. Over time, I became more interested in oil paints. Although they took longer to dry, they offered me a sense of control. Layers of paints combined smoothly, creating a three-dimensional effect that watercolours couldn’t copy. Oil paints granted me the precious opportunity to take a few steps back, as if I were a curious explorer approaching a hidden landscape. However, working with oil paints wasn’t easy. Getting the right shine or thickness required patience, and at times, I felt annoyed by my lack of progress. Colours didn’t always behave as expected, and I struggled to achieve the vision in my mind. But the more I persisted, the more I understood oil paints. They balanced softness with depth, giving me the chance to create both delicate and grand images. The process of painting became reflective, a practice of exploring colours, textures (纹理) and emotions — sometimes rough, sometimes peaceful, but always rewarding. One evening, I noticed a strange shade of blue on my canvas (画布). It seemed out of place, as if it didn’t belong. My heart skipped a beat, and I stared at it, uncertain if it was part of my recent work or a trick of the eye. As I stepped back to examine the canvas, the blue shade slowly began to make sense. It was not an error but an invitation — an unplanned element that added depth to the piece in a way I hadn’t expected. At that moment, I realised that painting, much like life, was not about complete control but about embracing the unexpected. From then on, I approached my work with a new sense of curiosity. I let colours blend more freely, allowed accidental mistakes to become part of the composition, and accepted that every brushstroke carried its own story. Oil painting not only gave me a medium to express myself but also taught me patience, resilience, and the beauty of discovery. Looking at my finished work, I no longer saw just layers of paints. I saw moments of struggle, joy, and growth woven into the canvas — a reminder that art, like any, is as much about the process as it is about the final masterpiece. 24. Why did the author turn to oil paints? A. To enhance creativity. B. To save painting time. C. To seek deeper artistic control. D. To improve painting skills. 25. What challenge did the author face when working with oil paints? A. Balancing softness and sharpness. B. Creating a three-dimensional effect. C. Achieving the right shine and thickness. D. Controlling the drying time of the paints. 26. What message does the author want to convey? A. Art is a journey of welcoming imperfections. B. A good picture is worth a thousand words. C. Beauty is the ultimate goal of fine art. D. Creating is about exploring ideal self. 【答案】24. C 25. C 26. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从水彩画转向油画的过程，以及在油画创作中所遇到的挑战和感悟。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Over time, I became more interested in oil paints. Although they took longer to dry, they offered me a sense of control.(随着时间的推移，我对油画越来越感兴趣。虽然它们需要更长的时间来干燥，但它们给了我一种控制感。)”可知，作者转向油画是因为油画给了作者一种控制感，也就是让作者能寻求更深层次的艺术控制。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, working with oil paints wasn’t easy. Getting the right shine or thickness required patience, and at times, I felt annoyed by my lack of progress.(然而，用油画颜料作画并不容易。要想获得合适的光泽度或厚度，需要耐心，有时，我因为缺乏进展而感到恼火。)”可知，作者在使用油画颜料时面临的挑战是达到合适的光泽度和厚度。故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“At that moment, I realised that painting, much like life, was not about complete control but about embracing the unexpected.(那一刻，我意识到，绘画就像生活一样，不是关于完全的控制，而是关于接受意想不到的事情。)”和最后一段“Looking at my finished work, I no longer saw just layers of paints. I saw moments of struggle, joy, and growth woven into the canvas — a reminder that art, like any, is as much about the process as it is about the final masterpiece.(看着我完成的作品，我不再只是看到一层层的颜料。我看到了挣扎、喜悦和成长的瞬间交织在画布上——这提醒我们，艺术和其他任何事物一样，既关乎过程，也关乎最终的杰作。)”可知，作者想要传达的信息是艺术是一场接纳不完美的旅程。故选A。 C Researchers from the NeuroMind Institute have developed a new system that uses predator (捕食者) robots to chase (追逐) larval (幼体的) zebrafish in an open water. This innovative approach is helping scientists study how the young fish rapidly learn and adapt in real-world conditions. Larval zebrafish are a valuable tool for neuroscientists because their transparency enables easy study of the brain and behaviour. However, it’s been difficult for scientists to study learning in these developing vertebrates (脊椎动物) — an important part of understanding how the brain works. Previous research found young zebrafish could learn simple associations. But this type of learning happens slowly and often unreliably, and it was still unclear whether days-old zebrafish can learn fast enough to use their memory in natural situations, like recognizing and avoiding new predators. The researchers thought that traditional ways of testing learning in larval zebrafish in the lab, where the conditions were far from what the fish would encounter in the wild, might not be effective for uncovering how the fish learn. To model a real-life situation, the researchers used small robotic cylinders (圆柱体), with some programmed to show predator-like characteristics. The researchers created the dynamics: they first placed a robot that stayed still with a free-swimming zebrafish; after the robot chased the fish for a minute, the fish began avoiding the robot’s area for more than an hour — a big change from the non-avoidant behaviour before the chase experience. When a second robot was introduced that did not chase the fish, the zebrafish only avoided the chasing robot, showing that they could distinguish between a threat and a non-threat. Using this system, the researchers made an unexpected discovery that not only could larval zebrafish learn extremely quickly in a more natural context, but they could also do so just five days after beginning their lives as single cells. This was particularly surprising given the fact that a developing zebrafish larva contains just one percent or so of the neurons (神经元) in its adult form. The findings suggest that some essential learning abilities, like recognizing predators, emerge early in life and are critical for survival. Further brain imaging reveals that different regions of the zebrafish brain are involved in this rapid learning: the hindbrain, a region controlling essential functions, responds to the approaching predator; the forebrain, a region associated with learning and planning, encodes the presence of the predator robot; and the habenula, another brain area, signals avoidance outcomes. All these regions are necessary for learning, and silencing any of them removes the ability of the fish to learn. It is believed that the new work could offer insights into how other brains process real-world threats. 27. Why did the researchers develop a new system with larval zebrafish? A. To observe their hunting behaviours. B. To identify their simple associations. C. To examine their brain characteristics. D. To uncover their learning in natural settings. 28. What does the underlined word “dynamics” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interaction. B. Function. C. Structure. D. Standard. 29. What can we learn about larval zebrafish? A. They can distinguish between robots and fish. B. They learn fast through a multi-regional brain network. C. They develop learning abilities when reaching adulthood. D. They can recognise predators with much neurons needed. 30. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. Explaining the robot design used in the experiment. B. Exploring danger processing in other species’ brains. C. Analysing the connection between learning and planning. D. Describing zebrafish behaviours in different surroundings. 【答案】27 D 28. A 29. B 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员用捕食者机器人追逐幼体斑马鱼来研究其学习能力，发现其能快速学习，且多脑区参与，或可启示其他大脑。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers thought that traditional ways of testing learning in larval zebrafish in the lab, where the conditions were far from what the fish would encounter in the wild, might not be effective for uncovering how the fish learn. To model a real-life situation, the researchers used small robotic cylinders (圆柱体), with some programmed to show predator-like characteristics.(研究人员认为，在实验室中测试斑马鱼幼虫学习的传统方法可能无法有效揭示鱼类的学习方式，因为那里的条件与野生斑马鱼的情况相去甚远。为了模拟现实生活中的情况，研究人员使用了小型机器人圆柱体，其中一些被编程为显示捕食者般的特征)”可推知，研究人员开发新系统是为了揭示幼体斑马鱼在自然环境中的学习情况，因为传统在实验室的测试方法难以揭示它们在自然情况下的学习方式。故选D项。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“The researchers created the dynamics: they first placed a robot that stayed still with a free-swimming zebrafish; after the robot chased the fish for a minute, the fish began avoiding the robot’s area for more than an hour — a big change from the non-avoidant behaviour before the chase experience. When a second robot was introduced that did not chase the fish, the zebrafish only avoided the chasing robot, showing that they could distinguish between a threat and a non-threat.(研究人员创造了dynamics：他们首先将一个静止的机器人放在一条自由游动的斑马鱼身上；在机器人追逐鱼一分钟后，鱼开始避开机器人的区域一个多小时，这与追逐体验前的非回避行为相比发生了很大变化。当引入第二个不追逐鱼的机器人时，斑马鱼只是避开了追逐的机器人，表明它们可以区分威胁和非威胁)”可知，研究人员创造了这种dynamics，后面描述了机器人和斑马鱼之间的互动过程，所以dynamics在这里指的是机器人和斑马鱼之间的“互动”，与Interaction意义相近。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Further brain imaging reveals that different regions of the zebrafish brain are involved in this rapid learning: the hindbrain, a region controlling essential functions, responds to the approaching predator; the forebrain, a region associated with learning and planning, encodes the presence of the predator robot; and the habenula, another brain area, signals avoidance outcomes. All these regions are necessary for learning, and silencing any of them removes the ability of the fish to learn.(进一步的脑成像显示，斑马鱼大脑的不同区域参与了这种快速学习：后脑是一个控制基本功能的区域，对接近的捕食者做出反应；前脑是一个与学习和规划相关的区域，对捕食者机器人的存在进行编码；缰核是另一个大脑区域，它发出回避结果的信号。所有这些区域都是学习所必需的，沉默其中任何一个区域都会剥夺鱼的学习能力)”可知，幼体斑马鱼的后脑、前脑和缰核等不同脑区都参与了这种快速学习，它们通过一个多脑区的网络快速学习。故选B项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is believed that the new work could offer insights into how other brains process real-world threats.(据信，这项新工作可以为其他大脑如何处理现实世界的威胁提供见解)”可知，这项新工作可能会为了解其他大脑如何处理现实世界的威胁提供见解。由此推知，接下来作者最有可能讨论的是探索其他物种大脑中对危险的处理情况。故选B项。 D The moon stands alone. Unique in the universe, it is a lifeless and sunbaked wasteland that harbours little except what we bring to it. But that is about to change. Half a century after the Apollo programme, a private spacecraft Nova-C made the first touchdown on the moon successfully, bearing scientific instruments, microfiche (微缩胶片) story disks, cameras, and sculptures to stay on the moon forever. Its success would promise many more. Though it may seem like an exciting outlook for humanity’s space exploration ambitions, it also signals a future where the moon becomes a hotbed of ungoverned business operations that will irreversibly (不可逆地) transform it. For the first time, private capital has reached the moon, expanding beyond scientific goals. This allows private landers, even when carrying government science experiments, to include additional non-scientific payloads (有酬负载) for other customers. Items bound to raise various objections, such as human cremains (骨灰) and dehydrated water bears from past missions, have caused concerns about biological materials on the moon. There’re a lot more planned for future launches, likely sparking further debate. Before this decade is out, with a powerful enough telescope, you may be able to see evidence of human construction or even habitation on the moon. In 2023, the global space industry was valued at $469 billion, expected to exceed $1 trillion by 2030, driven by growing satellite use in manufacturing, power, and data. “We are now at a tipping point, where ideas previously limited to science fiction represent attractive investment projects,” a report read. A voluntary agreement has been used since 2020 to foster lunar cooperation. It promotes international standards, emergency assistance and data sharing. However, it also allows for exploiting (开采) lunar resources like dust, water, rare earth elements and other materials. Exploring the moon has value for science and potential benefits for Earth but humans often turn exploration into exploitation, and the moon may face the same fate. The moon won’t be alone for long. But it is and will forever be quiet. It plays host to no thunderstorms, no crashing waves, no bird songs and no anthems (国歌). We must be its voice. We will soon change its surface, and our relationship to it, forever. At the very least, we owe the moon a considered discussion of why and how we will do so. 31. What is the author’s concern about the moon’s future? A. Unregulated commercial activities. B. Illegal human construction. C. Limited payload carried to the moon. D. A lack of scientific missions. 32. The “tipping point” in Paragraph 4 indicates the change . A. from cooperation to competition B. from science to trade C. from lunar landing to settlement D. from fantasy to adventure 33. What can we infer from this passage? A. Lunar resource exploration holds great promise. B. Massive investment is beneficial to lunar development. C. Non-scientific activities can test lunar environmental limits. D. The existing agreement is insufficient in controlling over-exploitation. 34. What would be the best title for this passage? A. The Promising Moon: Playground for All B. The Moon’s Edge: Ambition Meets Reality C. The Moon’s Future: Uncover the Unknown D. The Silent Moon: Humanity’s Responsibility 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了私人资本进入月球，商业活动兴起，作者担忧月球面临过度开发，强调人类对月球负有责任。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Though it may seem like an exciting outlook for humanity’s space exploration ambitions, it also signals a future where the moon becomes a hotbed of ungoverned business operations that will irreversibly (不可逆地) transform it.(尽管这似乎是人类太空探索野心的一个令人兴奋的前景，但它也预示着未来月球将成为不受控制的商业活动的温床，这将不可逆转地改变它)”可知，作者担心的是月球未来会成为不受监管的商业活动的温床，即未受规范的商业活动。故选A。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“For the first time, private capital has reached the moon, expanding beyond scientific goals. This allows private landers, even when carrying government science experiments, to include additional non-scientific payloads (有酬负载) for other customers.(私人资本首次登上月球，超越了科学目标。这使得私人着陆器，即使在携带政府科学实验时，也可以为其他客户提供额外的非科学有酬负载)”以及第四段“‘We are now at a tipping point, where ideas previously limited to science fiction represent attractive investment projects,’ a report read.(我们现在正处于一个转折点，以前仅限于科幻小说的想法代表了有吸引力的投资项目)”可知，私人资本进入月球，商业活动兴起，以前科幻小说里的想法现在成为了有吸引力的投资项目，因此tipping point指的是从科学到贸易的转变。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“A voluntary agreement has been used since 2020 to foster lunar cooperation. It promotes international standards, emergency assistance and data sharing. However, it also allows for exploiting (开采) lunar resources like dust, water, rare earth elements and other materials.(自2020年以来，一项自愿协议一直被用来促进月球合作。它促进了国际标准、紧急援助和数据共享。然而，它也允许开采月球资源，如灰尘、水、稀土元素和其他材料)”可知，现有协议虽然促进合作等，但也允许开采月球资源，可推知它在控制过度开采方面是不足的。故选D。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The moon stands alone. Unique in the universe, it is a lifeless and sunbaked wasteland that harbours little except what we bring to it.(月亮孤零零地待着。它是宇宙中独一无二的，是一片没有生命、被阳光晒得黝黑的荒地，除了我们带给它的东西外，几乎什么都没有)”、最后一段“The moon won’t be alone for long. But it is and will forever be quiet. It plays host to no thunderstorms, no crashing waves, no bird songs and no anthems (国歌). We must be its voice. We will soon change its surface, and our relationship to it, forever. At the very least, we owe the moon a considered discussion of why and how we will do so.(月亮不会孤单太久。但它现在是，也将永远是安静的。它没有雷雨，没有巨浪，没有鸟鸣，没有国歌。我们必须成为它的声音。我们很快就会永远改变它的表面，以及我们与它的关系。至少，我们欠月球一个深思熟虑的讨论，为什么以及如何这样做)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了随着私人资本进入月球，商业活动兴起，作者担心月球面临过度开发等问题，强调人类要对月球负责。D项“寂静的月球：人类的责任” 符合主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Brain Perceives Unexpected Pain More Strongly Pain perception (感知) can vary significantly between individuals and even within the same person across different situations. In some cases, an injury or physical illness may lead to stronger pain than expected, while similar injuries at other times may result in much milder pain. This difference suggests that pain perception is not entirely determined by the physical injury itself. ____35____ ____36____ One is the Estimate Hypothesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity of pain based on predictions it makes about the injury. The other is the Surprise Hypothesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually occurred. This difference, also known as the prediction gap, plays a key role in shaping how pain is experienced. ____37____ Healthy participants were subjected to painful hot-based stimuli (刺激), while observing visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either associated with painful or non-painful experiences. Participants were then asked to report their pain intensity. The researchers discovered that pain perception becomes more intense as the prediction gap widens. This phenomenon occurs when the actual pain is much stronger than the brain’s expectations. Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perception when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels. ____38____ It provides a more accurate framework for understanding how the brain processes pain. The study also revealed that unexpected events tend to increase pain, supporting the idea that the difference between expectation and reality causes pain to feel worse. Individuals with persistent pain often experience uncertain fears and anxieties about their condition. This mismatch between their expectations and the actual experience of pain can further strengthen how strongly they perceive the pain. ____39____ Gaining deeper insights into how the brain processes pain could also contribute to the development of more effective treatments, ultimately improving recovery from persistent pain. A. This evidence supports the Surprise Hypothesis. B. It is also strongly influenced by individual expectations. C. In this study, how the brain perceives pain was examined. D. In contrast, the gap will determine the intensity of the pain one feels. E. To explain this phenomenon, a new study has introduced two main assumptions. F. The findings highlight the importance of psychological factors in pain management. G Narrowing this gap between expectation and reality may play a key role in reducing pain. 【答案】35. B 36. E 37. C 38. A 39. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了大脑如何感知疼痛，特别是预期与实际疼痛之间的差异对疼痛感知的影响，并提出缩小这种差异可能有助于减轻疼痛。 【35题详解】 根据上文“This difference suggests that pain perception is not entirely determined by the physical injury itself.(这种差异表明，疼痛感知并不完全由身体伤害本身决定。)”可知，上文说明疼痛感知受到其他因素的影响，空处应该对此进行解释说明。选项B“它也受到个人期望的强烈影响”正好解释了除了身体伤害，疼痛感知还受到个人期望的影响，符合语境。故选B。 【36题详解】 根据下文“One is the Estimate Hypothesis (假说), which suggests that the brain estimates the intensity of pain based on predictions it makes about the injury. The other is the Surprise Hypothesis, which argues that the brain feels pain as the difference between what it expects and what actually occurred.(一个是估计假说，该假说认为大脑会根据对伤害的预测来估计疼痛的强度。另一个是惊喜假说，该假说认为大脑感受到的疼痛是预期与实际发生之间的差异。)”可知，下文两个关于大脑如何感知疼痛的假设，说明空处应该提到有两个假设。选项E“为了解释这一现象，一项新的研究提出了两个主要假设”提到了有两个假设，引出下文，符合语境。故选E。 【37题详解】 根据下文“Healthy participants were subjected to painful hot-based stimuli (刺激), while observing visual signals in a virtual reality setting. These signals were either associated with painful or non-painful experiences. Participants were then asked to report their pain intensity.(健康的参与者在虚拟现实环境中接受疼痛的热刺激，同时观察视觉信号。这些信号要么与疼痛经历相关，要么与非疼痛经历相关。然后要求参与者报告他们的疼痛强度。)”可知，下文描述了一项关于大脑如何感知疼痛的研究，说明空处应该提到有研究。选项C“在这项研究中，研究了大脑如何感知疼痛”提到了有研究，引出下文，符合语境。故选C。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Their findings suggest that the brain strengthens pain perception when there is a substantial difference between anticipated and actual pain levels.(他们的研究结果表明，当预期疼痛水平和实际疼痛水平之间存在显著差异时，大脑会加强疼痛感知。)”可知，上文是关于大脑感知疼痛的研究结果，空处应该对此进行评价。选项A“这一证据支持了惊喜假说”是对上文研究结果的评价，说明研究结果支持了惊喜假说，符合语境。故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Individuals with persistent pain often experience uncertain fears and anxieties about their condition. This mismatch between their expectations and the actual experience of pain can further strengthen how strongly they perceive the pain.(持续疼痛的患者经常对自己的状况感到不确定的恐惧和焦虑。他们的预期与实际疼痛体验之间的这种不匹配会进一步加强他们对疼痛的强烈感知。)”可知，上文提到了预期与实际疼痛体验之间的不匹配会加强疼痛感知，空处应该提出解决办法。选项G“缩小期望与现实之间的这种差距可能在减轻疼痛方面发挥关键作用”提出了解决办法，即缩小期望与现实之间的差距，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 A Journey with a Painting Drone In the messy garage of their home, 16-year-old Emma stared at the pieces of her brother’s old broken drone (无人机). Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” While most students built simple things like solar chargers, Emma dreamed of something bigger — a drone that could paint pictures while flying! She drew designs mixing science and art — brushes attached to propellers (螺旋桨) and colours guided by GPS. Her classmates laughed, calling it a “flying junk,” but Emma kept working. One rainy afternoon, she adjusted the drone’s settings to match music. Every beat released a paint drop. The first try was a mess — bright paints spread everywhere. But Emma noticed a pattern in the chaos. After five tries, the drone danced to Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony, creating a beautiful abstract painting. Her project won the school’s top prize and even inspired local artists to use her technology for large outdoor artworks. Emma’s success wasn’t just about imagination. It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial. Creativity grows not in daydreams alone, but when wild ideas meet real-world logic. Emma didn’t just imagine a painting drone; she grounded her vision in maths and physics, calculating how to keep brushes steady mid-flight. Second, bravery grows through small steps. Early on, Emma almost abandoned her idea, fearing others would laugh. But she fought doubt by practising creativity daily. Finally, fun fuels persistence. Emma’s first test spread paints everywhere, but instead of giving up, she found joy in the chaos. Her attempts reminded her that “impossible” ideas can awaken wonder. Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins. Most importantly, Emma’s journey mirrors a universal truth: creativity, like a child learning to walk, demands patience. Every wobble (蹒跚) and every fall is a track of progress. When we cheer for effort rather than perfection — whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward. 40. What task did Emma’s physics teacher give to the class? ________________________________________________________ 41. According to the author, what are the essential keys to unlocking creativity? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. ________________________________________________________ 43. How do you unlock your creativity? Please give one example. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Turning old technology into something “magical.” 41. Balance, bravery and fun. 42. Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. Emma, valuing small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. 43. 言之成理即可。I unlock my creativity by exploring different hobbies. Once I combined painting and music. While listening to a piece of jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了16岁女孩Emma将旧无人机改造成能绘画的无人机的过程，强调了通过平衡想象与现实、勇敢面对挑战和享受创造的乐趣来解锁创造力的重要性。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Her physics teacher had given the class a task — turning old technology into something “magical.” (她的物理老师给全班同学布置了一个任务——把旧技术变成“神奇”的东西)”可知，Emma的物理老师布置的任务是将旧技术变成某种“神奇”的东西。故答案为Turning old technology into something “magical.” 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It teaches us three essential keys to unlocking creativity. First, balance is crucial.(它教会了我们开启创造力的三个关键。首先，平衡至关重要)”、“Second, bravery grows through small steps.(其次，勇气通过小步骤逐渐增长)”和“Finally, fun fuels persistence.(最后，乐趣能激发毅力)”可知，作者认为开启创造力的关键有三个：平衡（Balance），勇敢（Bravery），以及乐趣（Fun）。故答案为Balance, bravery and fun. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Creativity isn’t a rare gift for the chosen few; it’s a muscle that strengthens when we laugh at failures and celebrate small wins.(创造力并非是少数被选中的人所独有的罕见天赋；它就像是一块肌肉，当我们对失败付之一笑并为小小的成功而庆祝时，它就会变得更加强健)”以及第四段中“When we cheer for effort rather than perfection—whether for a child’s first steps or our own messy drafts — we unlock the courage to keep moving forward.(当我们为付出的努力而非完美喝彩时——无论是为孩子迈出的第一步，还是为我们自己那些杂乱无章的草稿——我们就激发了继续前行的勇气)”可知，艾玛从失败中学习并且庆祝小的成功，而不是看重最终结果，所以Emma, valuing the final result这部分错误。文中强调的是艾玛注重努力的过程、庆祝小的成功，而不是只看重最终结果。故答案为：Emma, valuing the final result instead of small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. Emma, valuing small wins, learned from failures and eventually achieved her goal. 【43题详解】 开放题目，答案不唯一，言之成理即可。我通过探索不同的爱好来释放我的创造力。有一次我将绘画和音乐结合起来。在听一段爵士乐的时候，我自由地绘画，这激发了新的想法。I unlock my creativity by exploring different hobbies. Once I combined painting and music. While listening to a piece of jazz, I painted freely, which inspired new ideas. 第二节(20分) 44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim要参加学校举办的“世界智慧城市”(Global Smart City)展示活动。他打算介绍北京，聚焦智慧北京的亮点，向你寻求相关建议、请你用英文回复，内容包括： 1.建议内容； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Learning that you are going to introduce Beijing at the “Global Smart City” Exhibition, I’m glad to share what I know with you. First, Beijing focuses on technological innovation, leading to the booming development of smart tourism, smart healthcare, smart manufacturing, etc. People can easily enjoy all kinds of services provided by artificial intelligence. For example, people can visit the Forbidden City on their own with the Wechat guide and learn about its history, which is really fantastic. Besides, more and more subways are built to make our travel convenient. Hope my advice can be helpful to you. If you need more information, do feel free to ask me. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim回信，关于对方要参加的“世界智慧城市”(Global Smart City)展示活动给出建议，并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 开心的：glad → pleased 集中精力：focus on → concentrate on 提供：provide → offer 此外：besides → in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, Beijing focuses on technological innovation, leading to the booming development of smart tourism, smart healthcare, smart manufacturing, etc. 拓展句：First, Beijing focuses on technological innovation, which leads to the booming development of smart tourism, smart healthcare, smart manufacturing, etc. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, people can visit the Forbidden City on their own with the Wechat guide and learn about its history, which is really fantastic. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】If you need more information, do feel free to ask me.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$