Unit 4 Section Ⅲ（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading, Project， Assessment & Further study Step 1　Fast Reading Check yourself to what degree you have remembered the text by filling in the blanks in the following passage. My university life Part Ⅰ(Para.1) At the 1.graduation ceremony Part Ⅱ (Para.2－ Para.5) The memories of the four years in university： ·Para.2 The first day on campus ·Para.3 The first 2.assignment ·Para.4 3.Group projects ·Para.5 My 4.favourite professor Part Ⅲ(Para. 6) The 5.preparation for the future Step 2　Careful Reading Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．How did the author feel when he was waiting for receiving his degree certificate？(　　) A．Happy but anxious. B．Worried and anxious. C．Happy and relieved. D．Excited and delighted. 2．What is the correct order used by the author to finish his studies after he finished his first assignment？(　　) ①write a draft ②create an outline ③edit and polish carefully ④head straight for the library to find the reference books A．①②③④ B．④②①③ C．④③②① D．①④②③ 3．What did the author learn from his group projects？(　　) A．Learning must be a solo effort. B．We learn nothing but laugh more as we learnt to work together as a team. C．We couldn't bounce ideas off each other, even if we met in the school cafeteria. D．Working with others could be more stimulating and productive than working independently. 4．Which of the following is the purpose of the passage？(　　) A．To prove a theory. B．To tell us a funny story. C．To advertise his university. D．To look back on unforgettable experiences in college. 答案：1～4 ABDD Step 3　Post Reading Fill in the blanks according to the passage or the given words. Happy but anxious, I was waiting to receive my degree certificate.Before I knew it, the ceremony was over.Four years 1.had_disappeared(disappear) in a flash.I couldn't help 2.reflecting(reflect) on those four years. Firstly, when arriving at university on my first day, I could feel my hands sweating 3.slightly(slight) and I saw many anxious parents and excited students.Little did I know that I was about 4.to_experience(experience) the best four years of my life.Secondly, I remembered working on my first assignment.It was so difficult 5.that I left it to the last minute.With the deadline approaching, I had to stay up late to complete it.Unsurprisingly, it wasn't a good essay.From then on, I determined to use another approach 6.designed to finish it quickly.Thirdly, when cooperating with my classmates on group 7.projects(project), I realized that working with others could be more productive than working independently.I also remembered visiting my favourite professor and I came to know many university professors are quite willing to share 8.what they know, and they do take 9.a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development. Returning to the moment, not only am I now more intellectually prepared for the world of work, but I am also 10.more_confident(confident) about my own abilities. 难词注解 ①certificate n．文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 ②relieved adj.释然的；感到宽慰的；放心的 ③launch sb. into 使某人开始做，使某人投入 ④carve out 开辟；抽出 ⑤breast n．胸部，胸脯 ⑥curtain n．幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物 ⑦in a flash 转瞬间；立即 ⑧reflect on sth. 反思某事，反省某事 ⑨drive n．车道 ⑩tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 ⑪fit in 适应 ⑫mature adj. 明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力 ⑬be responsible for 对……负责 ⑭compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 ⑮take in (一下子)看清，看明白；收留，收容；欺骗，使上当；理解，领会 ⑯lay out (整齐地)铺开，展开，摊开 ⑰dormitory n．学生宿舍，集体宿舍 ⑱circus n．热闹场面；马戏团 ⑲take a deep breath 深吸一口气 ⑳essay n．文章，短文 geometry n．几何(学)；几何形状 paragraph n．段，段落 instead of 代替；而不是 put off 推迟，拖延 laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n．喷嚏，喷嚏声 reference n．参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考 reference books 参考书 draft n．草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟 edit vt.编辑，校订 polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n．抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 drawer n．抽屉 stick to 坚持；遵守(诺言、协议、决定、原则等)，遵循(规则) presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 cafeteria n．自助餐厅，自助食堂 bounce vt.(向某人)试探地透露(主意) vi.跳动 n．弹跳；活力 bounce ideas off sb. 向某人试探地透露主意 stimulating adj.趣味盎然的，激励人的 productive adj.多产的；富有成效的 professor n．教授；讲师，教员 beard n．胡须，络腮胡子 intimidating adj.吓人的，令人胆怯的 dawn on sb. 使某人开始明白，使某人渐渐领悟，使某人开始理解 take an interest in 对……感兴趣 carriage n．(火车的)客车厢；(旧时载客的)四轮马车 教材原文 My university life I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate①.I was happy and relieved②， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？This short walk was going to launch me into③ a whole new world. How would I manage? Would I be able to carve out④ a career for myself？My name was called and I moved into the lights. I heard the applause.I knew my parents would be watching and smiling at each other and I tried to relax. I held my certificate against my breast⑤ and smiled at the camera. Before I knew it， the ceremony was over and the curtain⑥ had come down on my university life.Where had the time gone? Four years had disappeared in a flash⑦. I stood with my certificate in hand and reflected on⑧ those four years. when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment。 before引导时间状语从句。 I remembered arriving at university on my very first day, pausing at the gate to look down the long drive⑨.I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight⑩ to my suitcase. Would I be able to fit in⑪？ Did this new phase of my life mean that I was now mature⑫ enough to be entirely responsible for⑬ my own successes and failures? I took a few seconds to compose myself⑭ and to take in⑮ the scene that was laid out⑯ before me.The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups, carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory⑰ buildings. I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus⑱.I took a deep breath⑲ and carried on into the heart of the campus. Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 动词­ing形式短语作状语。 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词scene。 if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，作动词wonder的宾语。 本句为否定词little置于句首引导的部分倒装句。 I remembered working on my first assignment. It was a 3，000­word essay⑳ on geometry and I wasn't even sure how to begin the first paragraph. Instead of seeking good advice, I kept putting it off. Rather unwisely, I left it to the last minute. As the deadline approached, I had to stay up all night working on my laptop to complete it. The next day I felt dizzy and started coughing and sneezing. Unsurprisingly, it wasn't a very good essay. However, this taught me a valuable lesson. As soon as I received the next assignment, I headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my research， and then created an outline followed by a draft.After careful editing and polishing, the result was a much better essay than the last, and it was ready in my desk drawer days before the deadline.I would stick to this approach for the duration of my studies. 此处为定语从句，修饰先行词reference books。 动词­ed形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词outline。 I remembered cooperating with my classmates on group projects.Everyone would be assigned a specific task, and my role was usually to produce the presentation. We would meet in the school cafeteria to bounce ideas off each other, and would laugh and argue and laugh some more as we learnt to work together as a team.I realized that learning didn't have to be a solo effort and that working with other people could be much more stimulating and productive than working alone. 两个that均引导宾语从句，作动词realized的宾语。 I remembered visiting my favourite professor, a tall gentleman with his beard and hair going grey, during his office hours for thefirst time.Initially, I found his strictness intimidating, but quickly came to admire him for his vast knowledge and deep understanding of his subject.It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development. what引导宾语从句，作动词share的宾语。 I heard my parents' voices calling me and I returned to the moment.After the graduation ceremony we headed home by train.I looked out of the carriage window at the world speeding by.The journey home gave me time to think about what the future might hold for me.University has changed me. Not only am I now more intellectually prepared for the world of work, but I am also more confident about my own abilities.I have grown as an adult and I have also discovered more about myself. Yes, I am ready for a new phase in my life. 动词­ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰名词world。 what引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。 课文翻译 我的大学生活 我和我的毕业同学们一直在等待着我走上舞台领取学位证书的那一刻。我感到高兴和宽慰，但对未来感到担忧和焦虑。我的第一份工作会是什么样的？这次短暂的步行将使我投入一个全新的世界。我该怎么办？我能为自己开创一份事业吗？有人叫我的名字，我走到灯光下。我听到了掌声。我知道我的父母会互相注视和微笑，我试着放松。我把证书放在胸前，对着摄像机微笑。在我意识到这一点之前，典礼已经结束，我的大学生活也已经落幕。时间到哪里去了？四年一晃就过去了。我手里拿着证书，站在那里回想那四年。 我记得来到大学的第一天，我在校门口停下，望着长长的车道。我能感觉到我的手在微微出汗，我不得不紧紧抓住我的手提箱。我能适应吗？我生活的这个新阶段是否意味着我已经足够成熟，可以对自己的成功和失败负全部责任？我花了几秒钟的时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。校园里挤满了人。焦急的家长和兴奋的学生们在小群体里交谈，提着手提箱，或者在宿舍楼里进进出出。我不知道上学的第一天是否总是这样热闹。我深吸了一口气，继续走进校园的中心地带。 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 我记得我第一次做作业。它是一篇关于几何学的3 000字的文章，我真的不知道如何开始第一段。我没有寻求好的建议，而是一直拖延。我很不明智地把它留到了最后一分钟。随着最后期限的临近，我不得不通宵在笔记本电脑上完成它。第二天我感觉眩晕，开始咳嗽和打喷嚏。毫不奇怪，这不是一篇很好的文章。然而，这给我上了宝贵的一课。当我接到下一个作业时，我直接去图书馆找我研究所需的参考书，然后拟了草稿并列了提纲。经过仔细编辑和润色，结果是一篇比上一篇好很多的文章，并且在截止日期前几天它就在书桌抽屉里，随时可交。在我的学习期间，我会坚持这种方法。 我记得在小组项目上与同学合作。每个人都被分配一个特定的任务，我的角色通常是制作幻灯片演示。我们会在学校的自助餐厅见面，相互交流想法，当我们学着团队合作时，我们会笑，会争论，然后笑得更多。我意识到学习不必是一个人的努力，与其他人一起工作比独立工作更有刺激性和效率。 我记得第一次在上班时间拜访我最喜欢的教授，一位高个子的绅士，胡子和头发都变灰白了。起初，我觉得他的严格令人生畏，但很快就开始钦佩他渊博的知识和对学科的深刻理解。很快我就开始明白，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们的确真心实意地关注学生的智力发展。 我听到父母在叫我，我又回到了现在的时刻。毕业典礼后我们坐火车回家。我从车厢的窗口向外望，世界正飞速地驶过。回家的旅程让我有时间思考我的未来。大学改变了我。我现在不仅在智力上为工作的世界做了更多的准备，而且对自己的能力也更有信心。我已经长大成人，也对自己有了更多的了解。是的，我已经准备好迎接人生的新阶段。 1．in a flash转瞬间；立即 Four years had disappeared in_a_flash． 四年一晃就过去了。 (1)a flash in the pan昙花一现 (2)flash across 闪现，掠过；飞逝 flash at 对……闪光 flash by 掠过；飞逝 flash up 举起，亮出，晃出 A smile happens in a flash, but its memory can last a lifetime. 微笑只发生在一瞬间，但它的记忆可以持续一生。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①The teacher flashed up each word to see if the children would recognize it. ②The cars flashed by,_so I could not count them. ③A sudden smile of recognition flashed across his face. ④Why is the driver flashing his lights at me? ⑤The car was gone in a flash. All I know is that it's a big, brown car. 2．tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to hold on tight to my suitcase. 我能感觉到我的手在微微出汗，我不得不紧紧抓住我的手提箱。 be packed/filled/screwed tight 紧紧地包装在一起/塞得满满的/拧紧 hold on tight to sth. 紧紧地抓住某物 hold sb. tight in one's arms 紧紧地抱住某人 sleep/sit tight 睡个好觉/坐着不动 keep a tight hold on the rope 紧紧抓住绳子 a tight collar/shirt/dress 紧箍的衣领/紧身的衬衣/紧身的裙子 a tight suitcase/schedule/timetable 装得满满的箱子/排得紧凑的日程/排得紧凑的时间表 Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs Rumbold, who was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. 在上星期的一次晚宴上，女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女士，穿着紧身的黑色裙子。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①You must hold_on_tight_to your deepest hopes, dreams and wishes because it appears that they are about to start coming true. 你必须坚持内心深处的希望、梦想和愿望，因为它们似乎就要实现了。 ②To move or act restlessly or nervously with a_tight_collar will harm your professional image. 紧扣着衣领会让你坐立不安或表现紧张，这将会损害你的职业形象。 3．compose oneself 使自己镇定、平静 I took a few seconds to compose_myself and to take in the scene that was laid out before me. 我花了几秒钟的时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。 (1)compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of 由……组成 (2)composer n．作曲家 (3)composition n．组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品 Our class is composed of eighteen boys and twelve girls. 我们班由18个男生和12个女生组成。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①She took a deep breath to compose herself(she), though she was very nervous. ②The United Kingdom is a state located in north­west Europe, which is composed of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 一句多译 ③海水主要由水和盐组成。 →The sea water is_mainly_composed_of water and salt.(compose) →The sea water mainly_consists_of water and salt.(consist) →The sea water is_mainly_made_up_of water and salt.(make up) 4．reference n．参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考 However, this taught me a valuable lesson.As soon as I received the next assignment, I headed straight for the library to find the reference books I needed for my research, and then created an outline followed by a draft. 然而，这给我上了宝贵的一课。当我接到下一个作业时，我直接去图书馆找我的研究所需的参考书，然后拟了草稿并列了提纲。 (1)in/with reference to (所述内容)关于 make reference to 提到，谈及 for reference 以供参考 reference books 参考书，工具书 (2)refer v．谈及；提到 refer to 查阅；参考；谈到；涉及；指的是 refer ...to ...把……提交给…… refer to ...as ...把……称为…… (1)Reference books may not be taken out of the reading room. 不得将参考书带出阅览室。 (2)She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。 (3)Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference. 把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查找。 [即学即用]　写出下列句中refer to的含义 ①When I study English, I like to put my dictionary within my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary.查阅，参考 ②I mention this point now in passing and shall refer to it again.提到 ③The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及 ④What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 指的是 单句语法填空 ⑤The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field. ⑥The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference(refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 完成句子 ⑦We were completely in the dark in/with_reference_to his future plans. 关于他的未来计划我们全然不知。 翻译句子 ⑧当我遇到困难时，我通常会选择参考相关的学习资料或网页。 When_I_am_faced_with_a_difficulty,_I_usually_choose_to_refer_to_relevant_learning_materials_or_web_pages. 5．polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n．抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 After careful editing and polishing，the result was a much better essay than the last，and it was ready in my desk drawer days before the deadline. 经过仔细编辑和润色，结果是一篇比上一篇好很多的文章，并且在截止日期前几天它就在书桌抽屉里，随时可交。 (1)polish ... with ... 用……擦亮…… polish a speech/an article 润色一篇演讲稿/文章 polish off 迅速完成；迅速吃完；干掉；杀死 polish up 改善；润色 apply polish to sth. 在某物上使用上光剂 (2)polished adj.擦亮的；磨光的；有教养的；优雅的 (1)Your essay is good；you just need to polish it a bit. 你的文章写得不错，只是需要再润色一下。 (2)It took a considerable amount of polish and elbow grease before the brass shone. 经过了大量的抛光和擦拭后，这块黄铜才露出光芒。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①In his spare time he did all he could to polish up his German. ②The hungry boys polished off a plateful of ham and then asked for more. 完成句子 ③I spent all afternoon polishing_the_silver. 我整个下午都在擦拭银器。 ④Four years of college gave her considerable_polish. 四年的大学学习使她增加了不少修养。 6．presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 Everyone would be assigned a specific task，and my role was usually to produce the presentation． 每个人都被分配一个特定的任务，我的角色通常是制作幻灯片演示。 (1)make the presentation 颁发(礼品、奖项等) give a presentation 举行发布会；举行展示会 (2)present adj.现存的；当前的 v．把……交给；颁发 present sb. with sth.＝present sth. to sb. 把某物交给/颁发给/授予某人 present sb. to sb. 把某人介绍/引荐给某人 at the present time＝at present 目前；现在 for the present 就现在来说；暂时 (1)Undoubtedly, your abundant experience and outstanding presentation skills will allow you to win out in the contest. 毫无疑问，你丰富的经验和出色的演讲技巧将使你在比赛中获胜。 (2)The presentation of prizes began after the speeches. 讲话结束后就开始颁奖了。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①The manager decided to make_the_presentation herself. 经理决定由她自己亲自颁发(礼品)。 ②The company will give_a_presentation on its new products tomorrow. 这家公司将在明天举行新品发布会。 7．extension n．(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸 After taking extension courses for four years, Henry got his degree in history. 在学了四年的进修课程后，亨利获得了历史学位。 (1)by extension 引申；再则 give sb. an extension on a loan 延长某人偿还贷款的期限 (2)extend v．延长，扩大；给予，提供 extend a deadline/visa 延长最后期限/签证 extend sth. to sb. 提供/给予某人某物 (3)extensive adj.广阔的；广大的；大量的；巨大的 The blame lies with oneself and, by extension, with the external conditions. 这要怪自己， 引申来说， 也要怪外部条件。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He first entered the country on a six­month visa, and was given a further extension(extend) of six months. ②The blast caused extensive(extension) damage, shattering the ground­floor windows. 完成句子 ③Careful maintenance can extend_the_life of the car. 精心保养可延长汽车寿命。 ④Extensive_repair_work is being carried out. 大规模的修缮工作正在进行。 8．关系副词引导的定语从句 I had been waiting with my fellow graduating students for the moment when_I_would_walk_out_onto_the_stage_to_receive_my_degree_certificate． 我和我的毕业同学们一直在等待着我走上舞台领取学位证书的那一刻。 关系副词 在从句中所作成分 先行词 when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 表示时间的名词：time，moment，day，month，year，period等 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 表示地点的名词：place，house，city，country，world，street等； 表示抽象地点的名词，如 point，case，position，condition，situation等 why 指原因或理由，在从句中作原因状语 表示原因的名词：reason，excuse等 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①I can remember the precise moment when my daughter came to see me. ②There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. ③There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. 完成句子 ④The_reason_why_he_was_late was that his car broke down on the way. 他迟到的原因是他的车在路上抛锚了。 句式升级 ⑤Give me one good reason.I should help you for the reason. →Give_me_one_good_reason_why_I_should_help_you. ⑥Gone are the days.Farmers lived in the poor houses in those days. →Gone_are_the_days_when_farmers_lived_in_the_poor_houses. ⑦The house has been rebuilt.I lived in the house ten years ago. →The_house_where_I_lived_ten_years_ago_has_been_rebuilt. 9．before引导时间状语从句 Before_I_knew_it,_the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life. 在我意识到这一点之前，典礼已经结束，我的大学生活也已经落幕。 before最基本的用法表示“在……之前”，也可以灵活翻译： (1)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before 从句”中，before意为“……之后才……”。若before从句时态为一般现在时，则主句用一般将来时；若before从句时态为一般过去时，则主句用过去时或过去完成时。 (2)在“It＋be＋否定形式＋long＋before从句”中，before意为“……不久就……”。 (3)在特定的情景中，before意为“趁着……”。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He had_studied(study) Chinese for one year before he came to China. ②How time flies! It will be only a month before he graduates(graduate) from high school. ③You'd better go quickly before I change my mind. 完成句子 ④It will be months before_we_get_the_results． 几个月之后我们才能得到结果。 10．部分倒装 Little_did_I_know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 否定词置于句首，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，not until，neither ...nor ...，not only ...but also ...， no sooner ...than ...，hardly ...when ...，in no sense，in no way，in no case，by no means，on no account/consideration/condition，at no time，under no circumstances等。 Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist­related activities in the rural areas. 直到最近他们才鼓励在边远地区发展旅游相关活动。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him. ②New technology was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 完成句子 ③Not only do_the_workers_want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well. 工人们不仅想要提高工资，他们还想要减少工作时间。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$