Unit 1 SectionⅡGrammar and usage&Integrated skills（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 1．burden n．(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 Among every generation there are those who are willing to bear the heavy burden of responsibility and devote themselves to working for the good of their country and people. 在每一代人中，都有愿意承担重任，致力于为自己国家和人民谋福利的人。 (1)a burden to sb. 某人的负担 a burden on the family 家庭的负担 carry/ease/reduce/share the burden 担负/减轻/减少/分担重担 (2)burden v．(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等) bear the burden of ...＝be burdened with ... 负担着…… (1)Her burdens were her own and burdens were for shoulders strong enough to bear them. 她的负担是她自己的；负担只能用强壮的双肩去扛。 (2)I'm only sorry that they burdened you with this. 我只是很遗憾他们给了你这样一副重担。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①“Thank you, Mr Fang. I'm afraid I'll just be a burden to you，” said Miss Sun, lowering her head and her voice. ②The Saturday holiday seemed a burden on the family. ③She was burdened with nearly the full responsibility of running the farm. 完成句子 ④If any problems arise in cooperation, we shall share_the_burden． 合作中如有任何问题，我们共同承担。 2．resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去 Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun. 最终，他辞去了英国的工作，回到中国，来到长春的吉林大学工作。 (1)resign from 辞去……的职位；从……辞职 resign as 辞去(某职务) resign oneself to (doing) sth.使自己安于(做)某事；听任(做)某事；只好接受(做)某事 (2)resignation n．辞职；辞呈 (3)resigned adj.逆来顺受的，顺从的；无可奈何的 be resigned to (doing) sth.顺从(做)某事 (1)Officially, he resigned and left the same day because of bad health. 据官方说，他是因健康状况不佳而辞职的，当天就离开了。 (2)Tom won't resign himself to fate.So he resigned in August. He has since resigned his membership of the golf club too. 汤姆不会听任命运的摆布。所以他在八月份辞职了。他从那以后也退出了高尔夫球俱乐部。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He resigned(resign) as manager after eight years. ②We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale. ③Bob has offered his resignation(resign) and it has been accepted. ④Have you heard of her intention to resign from the company? 完成句子 ⑤He has resigned_himself_to the fact that he will lose the job. 他已经接受他将要失去这份工作的现实。 一句多译 ⑥虽然一次又一次失败，但我不会听天由命。 →Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not resign_myself_to fate. →Although failure comes to me again and again, I will not be_resigned_to fate. 3．guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 “I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans，”she said. “我感到内疚，因为我欺骗了我的粉丝，”她说。 (1)feel guilty about 对……感到内疚 be guilty of 犯了……罪，有……过失 (2)guiltily adv.心虚地；内疚地 (3)guilt n．罪；犯罪 the feeling/sense of guilt 内疚感 (1)Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. 即使是真正诚实的人也常常感到内疚。 (2)His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions. 他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty(guilt). ②This judge is merciless towards anyone found guilty of murder. ③Those who're on the up and up would feel guilty about having done such a thing. 4．ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 I was so ashamed of myself. 我为自己感到非常羞愧。 (1)be ashamed of sb./sth. 为某人/某事感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事；因惭愧而不情愿做某事 (2)shame n．羞愧；羞愧感；让人遗憾的事 vt.使羞愧；使丢脸 to one's shame 令某人惭愧的是 It's a shame that/to do ... ……真遗憾。 (3)shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 Kate was ashamed to have troubled me with so many questions. 凯特因为有如此多的问题麻烦了我而感到不好意思。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①I was ashamed(shame) to tell my parents that I failed in the exam. ②You should be ashamed of yourself for having cheated in the exam. ③It is a shame that you cannot join us in this reunion. ④The idea that she saw this shameful(shame) incident meant nothing to him. 一句多译 ⑤他因工作落后而感到羞愧。 →He was/felt ashamed to_be_behind in his work.(to do) →He was/felt ashamed of_himself_for_being_behind in his work. (of sb.) 句式升级 ⑥He was ashamed of what he had done and bowed his head. →Ashamed_of_what_he_had_done,_he bowed his head.(用形容词短语作原因状语改写) 5．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave, forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) I hope my fans can forgive me. 我希望我的粉丝们能原谅我。 (1)forgive and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇 forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive a debt/loan 免除债务/贷款 (2)forgivable adj.可宽恕/原谅的 (3)forgiveness n．宽恕；原谅 (4)forgiving adj.宽容的；宽宏大量的 It is time to forgive yourself for past wrongs if progress is to be made. 如果想有进步，现在就该宽恕自己过去的错误。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①I don't think I can ever truly(true) forgive her. ②Sorry, please forgive us(we), you have a really nice place. ③What he did was forgivable(forgive). ④He asked for forgiveness(forgive) for what he had done. ⑤Forgive others，and you will_be_forgiven(forgive). 同义句改写 ⑥I'll never forgive you for that lie. →I'll never forgive you for_telling that lie. ⑦Forgive my interrupting you. →Forgive me for_interrupting_you. 6．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 Frankly speaking, I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could. 说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。 (1)be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人感到失望 be disappointed to find/see/hear ... 失望地发现/看到/听说 (2)disappoint vt.使失望 (3)disappointing adj.令人失望的 (4)disappointment n．失望；让人失望的人或事 in disappointment 失望地 to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是 There's no reason to be disappointed. As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing. 没什么理由要失望，实际上这非常好玩。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He cried bitterly after the competition because he was very disappointed at/by the result. ②It was the first time that my mother had been disappointed with/in me. ③When the little girl opened the box, she was disappointed to_find(find) there was nothing in it. ④Compared with last year, our results in this market have been rather disappointing(disappoint). ⑤As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. 完成句子 ⑥To_my_disappointment,_the football team didn't win the match. 令我失望的是，足球队没有赢得比赛。 7．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 Then I walked away, pretending not to have heard anything. 然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。 (1)pretend to be＋名词/形容词 假装是…… (2)pretend to do sth. 假装要做某事 pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth. 假装已做过某事 (3)pretend (to sb.) that 假装…… He smiled politely，pretending that he had heard the remark and found it mildly humorous. 他礼貌地笑了笑，假装他听到了这句话并觉得它有点幽默。 [名师点津]　(1)pretend后接动词不定式时，一定要注意动词不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。类似用法的动词还有happen，appear，seem，claim等。 (2)像pretend一样后跟不定式的动词： 三个希望两答应(hope, wish, want, agree, promise)； 两个要求莫拒绝(demand, ask, refuse)； 设法学会做决定(manage, learn, decide)； 不要假装在选择(pretend, choose)。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①She pretended to_be(be) dead when she met a bear and succeeded escaping from being attacked. ②She pretended to_be_listening(listen) to the manager, but actually she was thinking about something else. 同义句改写 ③He pretended that he was reading when I came in. →He pretended to_be_reading when I came in. ④The worker pretended that he had finished the work. →The worker pretended to_have_finished_the_work． 状语从句 ①You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them. ②If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together. ③Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view. ④The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us. ⑤Move over here where you can see it in more detail. ⑥The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods ... ⑦In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be. ⑧Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city. ⑨Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was the ideal place. [我的归纳] 以上例句中，黑体词连接的分别是时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句和原因状语从句。 [语法图解] [语法突破] 一、时间状语从句 1．when，while与as引导的时间状语从句 连词 从句谓语动词 用法 when 延续性动词或非延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生 while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生，意为“一边……一边……；随着……” Metals expand when they are heated. 金属受热时膨胀。 While/When I was reading a book, he came in. 我正在看书时，他进来了。 The students sang as they walked. 学生们边走边唱。 2．before与since引导的时间状语从句 (1)before与since的常用句式 连词 词义 常用句式 before 在……之前；还未……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及…… It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“过……(时间)才……” It won't be long before ...“不久就……” It was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了……(时间)才……” since 自从……以来 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...(从句用一般过去时) It will be half a year before I come back. 要过半年我才能回来。 It won't be long before we meet again. 用不了多久我们就会再次见面。 It was three days before he came back. 三天后他才回来。 (2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。 It's two years since we arrived here. 我们到这儿两年了。 It's three years since we lived here. 我们不住在这里有三年了。 3．表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句 (1)引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly，hardly/scarcely ...when, no sooner ...than ...等。 Directly you feel any pains, you must go to the doctor. 你一感觉到疼痛就必须去看医生。 We will leave the minute you are ready. 你一准备好，我们就出发。 (2)在hardly/scarcely ...when，no sooner ...than ...中，主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner ...和hardly/scarcely ...置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就哭了。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到火车站火车就开走了。 4．until与till引导的时间状语从句 (1)until与till引导的时间状语从句的区别 连词 位置 用法 until 可以放在句首 not ...until可用于强调句型 till 不可放在句首 一般不用于强调句型 We walked along the river until/till it was dark. 我们沿着河边散步，一直走到天黑。 It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment. 直到教授来了，我们才开始实验。 (2)not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Not until he told me about it again did I have any idea of it. 直到他又告诉了我一遍我才明白这件事。 (3)until/till用于肯定句时，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词；用于否定句时，主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词。 They waited until/till I returned. 他们一直等着，直到我回来。 He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him. 直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。 5．引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语) (1)其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after，whenever，every time，each time，next time，the first/last time，any time，by the time，the day/year等。 Every time I express an opinion, she always argues back. 每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。 By the time you come back, we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。 By the time we got there, the rain had stopped. 我们到那里时，雨已经停了。 二、地点状语从句和条件状语从句 1．地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的常见连词是where，wherever。 We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 2．条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有if，unless，as/so long as，in case，once，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing/suppose (that)，assuming that等。 You'll fail the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。 Supposing that they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? 假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁呢？ They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend. 他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们必须在周末前归还。 My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy. 我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。 3．在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。 In case there is a fire, what will we do first? 万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？ 三、原因状语从句和目的状语从句 1．because/as/since/now that引导的原因状语从句 连词(短语) 位置 内涵 语气 能否回答why 能否被强调 because 主句之 前或之后 直接 原因 强 能 能 as 主句之 前或之后 双方都 知道的原因 弱 不能 不能 since/nowthat 通常位于 主句之前 The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife. 那位老人让露西坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着他的妻子坐。 It was because his bike broke down on the way that he was late for class. 就是因为他的自行车在路上坏了，他才上课迟到了。 I can't go with you, as I have a lot of work to do. 我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。 Now that/Since everyone is here, we can begin our discussion. 既然大家都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。 2．when(既然)，seeing that(鉴于，由于)，considering that(考虑到), in that(因为)引导的原因状语从句。 The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one is about history. 这本书不同于那本书，因为这本是关于化学的，而那本是关于历史的。 It was unwise of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes. 既然步行五分钟就能到那里，你却乘出租车，你很不理智。 3．in order that 引导的目的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。目的状语从句常与情态动词can，could，may，might等连用。 My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he might keep up with times. 父亲六十岁时开始学习电脑，以便跟上时代的步伐。 4．for fear that/in case引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语动词常用“(should＋)动词原形”。 He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he (should) forget it. 他把名字写下来以免忘记。 四、结果状语从句 1．引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so ...that ...，such ...that ...。在非正式语体中，由so ...that ...，such ...that ...引导的句子中的that可以省略，其结构为： so＋ Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him. ＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him. 迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。 It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。 These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer them. 这些问题如此难，以至于我们没人能回答。 He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family. 他挣这么少的钱，以至于养不起家。 2．为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such之后，that之前的内容置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。 So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出这些难题。 [名师点津]　so ...that ...与such ...that ...用法口诀助记： 名前such，形副so，that从句跟在后； 多多少少必用so，特别注意是little； “小”用such，“少”用so。 五、让步状语从句 1．although，though，as与while引导的让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序； as引导让步状语从句时，只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Although/Though he may be troubled, he always presents a calm smiling face. 尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。 Much as/though I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. 虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像约翰这么能干的人。 Child as/though he was, he helped me a lot. 尽管他还是个孩子，却帮助我很多。 Try as/though he might, he could not open the door. 不管他怎样努力，还是不能打开那扇门。 (2)although与though都可以与yet, still连用，但不能和but连用。 (3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。 While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不认为这些问题不能解决。 2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，引导让步状语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。 I'll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 我要做这件事，即使它将花费我整个下午的时间。 Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job. 即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。 3．“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋­ever”引导的让步状语从句 (1)“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋­ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 Don't trust him, no matter what/whatever he says. 无论他说什么都不要相信他。 (2)whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。 4．whether ...or (not) ...引导的让步状语从句 whether ...or ...意为“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。 We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot. 不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。 六、其他状语从句 状语从句类型 从属连词 方式状语从句 as, as if/though 比较状语从句 as ...as, not as/so ...as，比较级＋than The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. 那个老太太像对待亲生儿子一样对待那个男孩。 He is taller than any other student in our school. 他比我们学校的任何一个学生都高。 1．It will be at least two months before we meet again. 2．However difficult problems we may face, we will try our best to fight back. 3．I have been looking for a job since I graduated from college. 4．As time goes by, his music is becoming more and more popular. 5．Poor as/though they are, they still do their best to help those homeless children. 6．She says that she'll have to close the shop unless business improves. 7．Immediately(immediate) they heard the good news, they couldn't help laughing in the classroom. 8．Everyone should be treated equally，whether they are rich or poor. 9．On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 10．How did you feel when you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you？ 1．He sat opposite to the old man so_that_he_could_hear_more_clearly． 他坐到老人的对面以便听得更清楚。 2．Every_time_I_catch_a_cold,_I have pain in my back. 每次我感冒， 我的背部都会痛。 3．It has been three years since_the_engineer_left_his_hometown． 那位工程师离开家乡已经三年了。 4．However_busy_you_are,_you should see them off at the airport. 无论你多忙，你都应该去机场为他们送行。 5．Matches should be kept where_children_can't_reach_them． 火柴应该放在儿童够不到的地方。 写一篇有关善意的谎言的议论文 本单元写作要求为写一篇有关善意的谎言的议论文，属于正反观点类或观点对比类文章，通过讨论某种现象或剖析某种事物来论述道理、发表意见或提出主张。在时态方面，陈述正反两方面的观点时常用一般现在时，人称以第三人称为主。在写作时，应该注意以下要点： (1)写作要点要明确； (2)写作语言要丰富多样，要有合理的逻辑，适当的过渡以及明确的要点； (3)通常运用一般现在时进行写作； (4)写作内容要有层次，写作应根据写作要求对内容要点有所侧重，并做到“言之有理，言之有据”； (5)这类文章注重分析和解决问题的能力以及批判性思维的运用。 1．lie vi.撒谎 n．谎言 2．honest adj.诚实的 3．truth n．事实，真相 4．forgive vt.原谅 5．hurt vt.伤害 6．protect vt.保护 7．feeling n．感觉，情感 1．What's the difference between a white lie and a lie? 善意的谎言和谎言之间有什么不同？ 2．People often use white lies to prevent hurting the feelings of others or to save themselves trouble. 人们经常使用善意的谎言来避免伤害别人的感情，或是给自己省去麻烦。 3．Telling the right lie at the right time is just as important as telling the truth. 在恰当的时间说善意的谎言和说实话同样重要。 4．Sometimes it is perfectly all right to tell a white lie. 有时候说一个善意的谎言是完全无伤大雅的。 5．Telling white lies is very common and almost all of us have done it. 说善意的谎言是很常见的，几乎我们所有人都说过。 假定你是李华，今天你们班的同学就“是否应该对得了不治之症的病人说善意的谎言”的话题展开讨论，同学们意见不一致。请你根据以下要点写一篇文章。 1．支持说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由； 2．反对说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由； 3．我的观点。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Step One　审题谋篇 体裁 议论文 话题 善意的谎言 时态 以一般现在时为主 人称 以第三人称为主，第一人称为辅 Step Two　词汇运用 1．可以接受的 adj.acceptable 2．做出决定 make_a_decision/decisions 3．通知/告知某人某事 inform_sb._of_sth. 4．失去希望 lose_hope 5．使情况更糟糕 make_the_situation_worse 6．取决于 depend_on 7．积极的态度 positive_attitude Step Three　句式表达 1．完成句子 ①如果一个患者得了不治之症，他/她是否应该被告知真相？(incurable) If_a_patient_is_suffering_an_incurable_illness,_should_he_or_she_be_informed_of_the_truth? ②有些学生反对。 Some_students_are_against_it. ③他们坚持认为，患者应该被告知他们病情的真相，以便他们能够根据自己的健康状况做出合适的决定。 They_insist_that_the_patients_should_be_informed_of_the_truth_of_their_illness,_so_that_they_can_make_proper_decisions_according_to_their_health. ④与上述观点相反，一些学生认为善意的谎言是可以接受的。 Contrary_to_the_above_opinion/view,_some_students_hold_the_view/belief_that_a_white_lie_is_acceptable. ⑤他们担心患者一旦得知病情，可能会失去希望，这将使情况变得更糟。 They_worry_that_once_told_about_their_condition,_patients_may_lose_their_hope,_and_this_will_make_the_situation_worse. ⑥在我看来，人们是否应该说善意的谎言取决于患者是什么样的人。 In_my_view/As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_whether_people_should_tell_a_white_lie_or_not_depends_on_what_kind_of_person_the_patient_is. ⑦如果患者有强烈的生存意志和积极的态度，告诉他们真相将有助于治疗。 If_the_patient_has_a_strong_will_to_live_and_a_positive_attitude,_telling_them_the_truth_will_be_helpful_to_the_treatment. 2．句式升级 ①用定语从句合并句②和句③ Some_students_who_are_against_it_insist_that_the_patients_should_be_informed_of_the_truth_of_their_illness,_so_that_they_can_make_proper_decisions_according_to_their_health. ②用非限制性定语从句改写句⑤ They_worry_that_once_told_about_their_condition,_patients_may_lose_their_hope,_which_will_make_the_situation_worse. Step Four　连句成篇 If a patient is suffering an incurable illness, should he or she be informed of the truth? Today our class have a discussion about it. Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness, so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above opinion/view, some students hold the view/belief that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that told about their condition, patients may lose their hope, which will make the situation worse. In my view/As far as I am concerned, whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude, telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite, we had better not do so. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$