Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 Section II Grammar and usage 课前预习自检 KE CHAN YUX1 2I JA 1.重点词汇 1. all the words knoun and used by a particular person--n. yocabulary 2. to match or be similar or equal--oi. correspond 3. to act in a particular way. or to be good by acting in a way which has society's approoal--oi &ot. behave 4. feels shy, ashamed, or guilty about something-- adj. embarrassed 5. an idea or plan of what you are going to do--n. intention 6. when you like something or someone more than another person or thing--n. preference 7. to a moderate extent or by a moderate amount: rather--ado. somewhat 8. accept or endure (someone or something unpleasant or disliked) with forbearance--ot tolerate 11.教材原句 1. Apart from the differences in language such as pronunciation and vocabulary, there is a significant gap (在交流风格方面) 答案: in terms of communication styles 2. I spent one term in the UK. (在英国最大的挑战)was the indirect manner of speaking 答案: where the greatest challenge I begun to understand how British people communicate (-.....就....-) it was time to head back home 答案: No sooner had: than 4. But it surely (留下印象)me 答案: left an impression on 5. Later. I (有机会学习)as an exchange student in the USA for one year 答案:had the opportunity to study 6. Now, when speaking to Americans, who (偏爱) the direct style. I found that I often failed to .(直奔主题) 答案: have a preference for: get straight to the point 7. (有一段时期) questions like “Would you mind passing me the jam. please?" would be met with the reply "Why wouldI mind?" -。 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 答案:There were times when 8. By the end of the exchange year, I had a somewhat better understanding of (怎么样交流) in both countries. but I still have a lot to master 答案:how to communicate 重点合作探究 ZHONG DIAN HE 2IO TAN preference n. 偏爱;偏爱的事物(教材P20 have a preference for 爱..... preferencen.偏爱; 偏爱的事物 give nreference to给....以 优惠、优待:优先考虑 prefer AtoB喜欢A多于B(to为 介词) 归纳拓展 prefer doing sth/prefer to do sth较 喜欢做某事 prefera.较喜 欢,喜欢..... prefer doing . to doing .宁愿 多于...... 做......也不愿做..... prefer shto do sth较喜欢某人做 某可 preferahleadi.更可取的,更合适的 情景助记 ①She has a preference for blue, while I like red better 她偏爱蓝色,而我更喜欢红色。 ②In considering people for the job, we give preference to those with some working experience 在考虑这份工作的人选时,我们优先考虑那些有一定工作经验的人。 ③I prefer living in the country to living in the city 比起在城市居住,我还是喜欢住乡下。 ④Prevention of a problem is always preferable to trying to cure it 防止出现问题总是比试图解决问题更可取。 即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①This option is (prefer) to any other ② (prefer) will be given to those who have worked here for many years ③Parents should not have a preference any one of their children n 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 答案:①preferable ②Preference ③for (2)完成句子 ①他偏爱她写的小说。 He the novels written by her ②我更喜欢读莫言的书,而不是看由他的小说改编成的电视剧。 I would prefer written by Mo Yan TV series based on his novels 答案: ①has a preference for ②reading books: to watching embarrassedadj.窘迫的,尴尬的:结据的(教材P21) be/feel emharrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尬 emharrassed arlj. 窘迫的,尴尬 be/fel embarrassed ahoul/at. 的:拈据的 对.....感到难为情/不知所措 归纳拓展 emharrassingadi.令人尴尬的;使人难堪的 emharrassnt.使尴尬 embarassmert to one's emharrasstment 使某人 a.容迫: 感到的是 情景助记 ①He was very embarrassed to hear people speak so highly of him 他听见别人这样夸他,感到很难为情 ②I was embarrassed at his unexpected question 他突然的发问使我不知所措。 ③He didn't mean to embarrass you 他不是成心让你难堪。 ④To my embarrassment, I didn't realize that I had got my shirt on inside out until I was on the bus. That embarrassing situation really embarrassed me 令我感到槛尬的是,直到上了公共汽车,我才意识到我把衬衫里外穿反了。那种令人难堪的 情形真的使我很尴尬。 即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①Now he is in an (embarrass) situation ②Heis (embarrass) because he made a mistake rn 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ③My face turned red with (embarrass). 答案:①embarrassing ②embarrassed ③embarrassment (2)翻译 她因自己的错误而困窘。 答案: She is embarrassed about/at her faults 3 intentionn.意图:计划(教材P21) have no/every intention af doing sth 完全无意/有心做某事 intention n. 意图,计划 打算 fwith the intention of 抱有.....目的. 归纳拓展 intend. intend to do/doing sth打算做某事 计划,打 算 intend sh to do sth 打算让某人做某事 initended adi. 打算的;计 be intendedfor专门为.....面设计的; 划的 专供.....使用的 情景助记 ①I have no intention of allowing you to continue living here alone 我不打算让你继续独自生活在这里。 ②With the intention of interrupting you, he raised his voice 为了打断你的话,他提高了声音。 ③He intends his son to take over his business 他打算让他的儿子接管他的生意 ④This money is intended for the development of the tourist industry 这笔钱是准备用干发展旅游业的 乙即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①The headmaster intended Jim (deliver) a speech in front of the whole schoo ②He left England the intention of travelling in Africa 答案:①to deliver ②with (2)翻译 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 ①我一心想把我欠她的还给她。 ②我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们需要的物品。 答案: ①I have every intention of paying her back what I owe her. ②I intend to take full advantage of this trip to buy the things we need correspondvi.类似于:相一致:符合:通信(教材P21 correspond to...相当于..... 类似于...... correspond ri.类 correspond with/to..与....相 似于;相一致。 符,与.....相一致 归纳拓展 符合;通信 correspond with sh与某人通信 orresonlence n. bein omespondence 处于通 相似,信件,通信信状态 correspondingadj.相符的;相应的;相关的 ①The money I've saved corresponds roughly to the amount I need for my course 我所存的钱大致相当于我课程所需的金额。 ②Your account of the event corresponds with hers 你对这一事件的陈述跟她说的相符。 ③As the course becomes more difficult. there's usually a corresponding drop in attendance 随着课程变得越来越难,出席人数通常会相应下降 即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①Company losses were 5o per cent worse than in the (correspond) period last year ②His story of what happened that night didn't correspond the witness's version ③The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly the US Associate Professor ④He has kept up a (correspond) with his friend for over a year now 答案:①corresponding ②with ③to ④correspondence (2)翻译 你一直在和你父母通信吗? 答案: Are you still corresponding with your parents? 5 behave vi.dv. 表现得体,有礼貌;表现(教材P21) 学科网书城 0 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 D.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 behave oneself 守规矩. 表现得体 behave ri. &u. 表现得 hehave well/hadly 体,有礼貌;表现 归纳拓展 现良好/糟糕 totowardssh对某人表 behaviourn. U]举止.行为: gool/hadl hehavio(u)r 1.C表现方式,活动方式 良好/恶劣的行为 情景助记 ①Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves 应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯,行为更加得体。 ② The locals all behave very politely and tourists are deeply impressed with their elegant behavio(u)r 当地人都表现得很有礼貌,游客对他们优雅的行为印象深刻。 ③Brothers should behave well towards each other 兄弟之间应该善待彼此。 名师律 behave(表现)可接副词、介宾短语或as if/asthough引导的状语从句。 Tom is a little boy, but he behaves as if he were an adult 汤姆是个小男孩,但表现得像个大人。 即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①I think all of us should mind our (behave) in public places ②They behaved badly the guests, which made us very disappointed ③Behave (you) in public and you will win the respect of most of us 答案:①behavio(u)r r ②towards/to ③yourself/yourselves (2)翻译 他表现得像是这地方的主人。 答案:He behaves as if he owned the place 学科网书城 0 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 6 toleratevt. 容许,允许;忍受,容忍;能经受(教材P21) tolerate at.容许. tolerate (shsth) doing sth 容许 允许:忍受,容 (某人/某物)做某事 :能经受 归纳拓展 tolerance n. 容忍:忍受 have tolerane for容忍/忍受.... tolerant adi.容忍的;宽容的 tolerableadi.可容忍的,可忍受的 情景助记 ①Mr Smith won't tolerate anvone questioning his decisions 史密斯先生不容许任何人质疑他的决定 ②A wise man is able to have tolerance for other people's opinions 一个明智的人能够容忍别人的意见。 ③Compared to other plants. rye is more tolerant of drought 与其他植物相比,黑麦更耐早。 ④At times, the heat was barely tolerable 有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受。 即景活用 (1)单句语法填空 ①I think men are less (tolerate) of stress than women ②He can't tolerate (laugh)at ③Our living conditions are (tolerate). but I can't wait to leave ④She had no tolerance jokes of any kind 答案:①tolerant ②being laughed ③tolerable ④for (2)翻译 这位老师不能容忍在教室里吃东西。 答案: The teacher can't tolerate eating in the classroom Grammar 定语从句(复习) , 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 D.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 思维导图 who. whom.whose引导的定语从句 f关系代词导的定语从句 that. which引导的定语从句 s引导的定语从句 I关系副词引导的定语从句 定语从句 介词和关系代词的确定 “介词,关系代词”引导的定语从句 “of+关系代词”引导的定语从句 “介词+where”引导的定语从句 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 语法体验 单句语法填空 1. The river runs through the centre or the city brings us lots of pleasure 答案:that/which 2. The boy made a speech yesterday is my best friend 答案:who/that 3. This is the supermarket. sells a variety of goods 答案:which 4. We must repair the desks of the legs are broken 答案:which 5. I have many friends I can turn to for help when in trouble 答案:who/whom/that 6. He forgot the exact place he had hidden the jewelry 答案:where/in which 7. Jane is no longer the person I worked with several years ago 答案:that/who/whom 8. I still remember the days we swam together in the river 答案:when 9. She came around to explain the reason she was absent from the meeting 答案:why 10. The house. a murder case happened last year, has got a lovely garden 答案:where 语法讲座 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxK.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 在复合句中作定语成分的从句,称为定语从句,由关系代词或关系副词引导。定语从句分为 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。被定语从句修饰、限定、说明的名词或代词等,叫作 先行词。 关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who.whom,whose引导的定语从句 (1)who或whom均可指代人,但who在从句中作主语或宾语,whom在从句中作宾语;两者 在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语时,who/that不可省略;作宾语时, whom/who/that 可以省略 (2)whose表示所属关系,可指人或物,在从句中作定语。指人时相当于ofwhom; 指物时相 当于ofwhich。 ①Children who/that rarely exercise or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly 很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂防的孩子体重会增加很快。 ②Here is the girl (who/whom/that) we have been looking for 这就是我们一直在寻找的女核。 ③The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays 这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生,放假时商店关门 2. that,which引导的定语从句 that可指人或物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语,作宾语时可以省略。which指物,在从 句中可以作主语、宾语、表语,也可作定语,作宾语时可以省略。限制性定语从句中,关系 代词只用that 不用which的情况; (1)先行词是 all. something. everything, anything, nothing. little. much. few等不定代词时 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词,或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 (③)先行词被 the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all 等修饰 时。 (4)先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 ①I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault 我短绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责 ②/The first place that they visited in Beijing was the Palace Museum 他们在北京参观的第一个地方是故宫。 ③She is the only person that understands me 她是唯一理解我的人。 4The famous writer and his book that you referred to iust now are well known now 学科网书城 品牌书店·知名教辅·正版资源 b.zxxk.com 您身边的互联网+教辅专家 你刚才提到的那位著名作家和他的书现在非常有名。 D趁热打铁1 (1)单句语法填空 ①The only part of the meal I really liked was the dessert ②Our guide. was a French, was an excellent cook 答案:①that ②who (2完成句子 ①我不熟悉演讲文章的语言风格,这与普通的文章完全不同 I am unfamiliar with the language style of the speech article. ②他对造成那些问题的因素更加清楚了。 He became clearer about the factors 答案: ①which is totally different from the common article ②that caused those problems 3. as引导的定语从句 (1)as可以引导限制性定语从句,常用于“so/such/the same/as+先行词十as.”结构中。 (2)as也可以引导非限制性定语从句,定语从句补充说明整个句子,可放在主句之前、之中或 之后。 (③)as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 as which 先行词可以是一个名词,也可以是一 先行词 先行词只能是句子 个句子 位置灵活,可置于主句前、主句中 位置 只能放在先行词的后面 也可置于主句后 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动 搭配 的动词,如see,hear,know,expect, 无动词的限制 remember 等 词意 表示“正如.....,正像.....的那样” 意为“这一点” ①Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China 在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的 ②The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year 正如报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。 ③It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 10o years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages 10