精品解析：湖南省娄底市新化县2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2024年下学期高二期末考试试题 英 语 时间: 120分钟 总分: 150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What are the speakers probably doing now? A. Enjoying the sunrise. B. Taking a short break. C. Climbing the mountain 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. At the woman's home. 3. Why does the man feel sorry? A. He spilled the woman's coffee. B. He broke the washing machine. C. He made the woman's skirt dirty. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man's job. B. A comedy show. C. Their plans for tonight. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When did the man start to have a backache? A. Yesterday. B. Two days ago. C. A week ago. 7. Who is probably the woman? A. A doctor. B. The man's coach. C. The man's co-worker. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 Why does David hesitate about lending the woman the car this time? A. He is worried about her driving skills. B. She didn't give back the car on time last time. C. She didn't fill the car up with petrol as promised. 9. What is David going to do tomorrow? A. Pay a visit to Peggy. B. Drive to the Grand Mall. C. Go to the beach. 听第8段材料，回答第10至 13题。 10. How often does the man go to the supermarket? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once two weeks. 11. What does the woman promise to do for the man? A. Find some oranges for him. B. Help organize the locations. C. Share his opinion with her manager. 12. What is the man likely to buy? A. Bread. B. Soap. C. Pork. 13. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Saleswoman and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Hostess and guest. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How often does the city marathon take place? A. Every week. B. Every month. C. Every year. 15. Why does the woman run marathons? A. To compete with others. B. To relax from her tiring job. C. To become a professional athlete. 16. When did the woman complete her course? A. At around 11: 00. B. At around 9:00. C. At around 12:00. 17. What will the man probably do next year? A. Run a race. B. Lose some weight. C. Work as a volunteer. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is an important reason parents don't allow children to use social media? A. They might be addicted to online chatting. B. They might be cheated by bad guys online. C. They might face the stress of social comparison. 19. What can parents do to help children use social media in the right way? A. Discuss online behavior with children regularly. B. Stop children from joining any online groups. C. Check children's social media platforms daily. 20. What is the speaker's attitude towards children using social media? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Unfavorable. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A CHI’s Academic Year Program (AYP) is your chance to study in America and spend either an academic year or a semester living with a volunteer host family. The requirements for studying in America ● High school students who are aged 15 to 18 ● A score of at least 212 on the ELTiS exam ● Application Contact a partner agency in your home or a nearby country. We can also send you a list of partners near you. They will set you up with an application and let you know what you need to submit in order to be considered. ● Admission and visa Our Admissions Department reviews and accepts your application. We issue and send your agency the Form DS-2019, which is the official US Department of State document that allows you to apply for and receive your J-1 visa. Once you receive the DS-2019, you can make your visa appointment. When the visa is granted, you are all set to travel to America. ● Homestay Meanwhile, our Field and Operations staff work hard to find you the perfect family and school as soon as possible! Once we find the right host family for you, you can start to get to know your family by email. ● Depart to the US and meet your family and friends Your agency will book your flight according to your school start date. When you arrive, we will give you a student orientation (迎新会) and introduce you to other exchange students and the surrounding community. When school starts, you will begin the process of cultural exchange! Contact us: 1-800-432-4643; 1-415-459-5397 Location: 255 W End Avenue San Rafael, CA 94901 1. Who can take part in this homestay project? A. Those interested in American culture. B. College students with 220 in ELTiS. C. 17-year-old high schoolers with 230 in ELTiS. D. 14-year-old students with good grades at school. 2. What should applicants do before making a visa appointment? A. Get the Form DS-2019. B. Contact the host family via email. C. Search for information about American schools. D. Receive approval from school’s Admissions Department. 3. What awaits the students when they arrive in the US? A. A volunteer activity in the community. B. A meeting with Field and Operations staff. C. An outing with their host family. D. A student orientation. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文的主题是中学生有机会参加CHI的学术年度计划(AYP)，这使他们有机会在美国学习，并与志愿家庭一起生活。文章概述了参与的要求，申请流程以及通过该计划进行文化交流的好处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The requirements for studying in America中的“● High school students who are aged 15 to 18 (●15至18岁的高中生)”和“● A score of at least 212 on the ELTiS exam (●ELTiS考试成绩至少212分)”可知，17岁的高中生，ELTiS成绩230分可以参加这个寄宿家庭项目。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据● Admission and visa中的“Once you receive the DS-2019, you can make your visa appointment. (一旦你收到DS-2019，你就可以预约签证了。)”可知，申请人在预约签证前应该获取DS-2019表格。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据● Depart to the US and meet your family and friends中的“When you arrive, we will give you a student orientation (迎新会) and introduce you to other exchange students and the surrounding community. (当你到达时，我们会给你一个学生迎新会，并把你介绍给其他交换生和周围的社区。)”可知，当学生们到达美国时，等待他们的是学生迎新会。故选D。 B Macie Semrau, a 6-year-old girl from Eliot, Maine, seldom missed school. So, when she refused to even get dressed one day, her mother decided to allow her to stay home with her father Kyle and her 4-year-old brother Caleb. The family would later be extremely thankful that the little girl refused to leave after she found her father passed out in the basement. After returning from his night work, Kyle was feeling light-headed. He told his wife Kate that he would be laying low for the day with their children. He finally made his way to the basement. Macie paid attention to her father’s condition when she heard him shouting, and she and Caleb went to have a look. Macie found her 37-year-old father was about to lose awareness (意识). She asked him for his phone’s passcode (密码) so she could unlock it. After successfully opening his phone, she found the local police department’s number and called the police. Smith was floored by Macie’s decision-making and her ability to stay calm. The little girl listed the family’s Goodwin Road address while explaining that her father was in trouble. In the meantime, Caleb comforted his father. Thanks to Macie and Caleb, he was sent to Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, where he required four liters of oxygen (氧气) and spent three days recovering. “I’m very lucky, obviously because of my daughter and son and the police’s response” said Kate. “It was quick,” he added, mentioning that the police arrived just in two minutes thanks to Macie’s call. “It was unbelievable. I was in tears myself,” he said. The Eliot Police Department also praised the young girl for her quick thinking and strong awareness. Eliot Police Chief Elliot Moya praised the Semraus for teaching their children about awareness of their surroundings (环境) as well as communication skills. Can your child open your phone and call the police? If not, now’s the time for them to learn. 4. What do we know about Macie from paragraph 1? A. She was late for class regularly. B. She went off to school almost every day. C. She enjoyed staying home with her father. D. She liked to play with her brother at home. 5. What did Macie think of first to help her father? A. How to call for help with her father’s phone. B. How to give emergency treatment to her father. C. How to send her father to hospital with her brother. D. How to get her father’s phone to connect to the Internet. 6. Why did Kyle say he was lucky? A. His daughter was wise to skip school that day. B. His kids and the police’s response was immediate. C. A policeman happened to be there to come to his help. D. The police department’s phone was not busy that day. 7. We can infer that parents had better teach their kids to ________. A. fit into their new surroundings B. show off their communication skills C. remember the police’s phone number D. learn some practical life skills earlier 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个六岁的小女孩，在父亲Kyle生病后，通过使用父亲的手机报警，帮助警方及时将父亲送到医院治疗的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Macie Semrau, a 6-year-old girl from Eliot, Maine, seldom missed school.(来自缅因州艾略特的6岁女孩Macie Semrau很少缺课)”可知，Macie Semrau很少缺课，也就是说她几乎每天都去上学。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Macie paid attention to her father’s condition when she heard him shouting, and she and Caleb went to have a look. Macie found her 37-year-old father was about to lose awareness (意识). She asked him for his phone’s passcode (密码) so she could unlock it. After successfully opening his phone, she found the local police department’s number and called the police.(Macie听到父亲的喊声后，注意到了他的情况，她和Caleb去看了看。Macie发现她37岁的父亲快要失去知觉了。她向他要了手机的密码，这样她就可以解锁了。在成功打开他的手机后，她找到了当地警察局的电话号码并报了警)”可知，当Macie自己的父亲快要失去知觉的时候，她首先想到的是解锁父亲的手机让后向警察求助。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段““I’m very lucky, obviously because of my daughter and son and the police’s response” said Kate. “It was quick,” he added, mentioning that the police arrived just in two minutes thanks to Macie’s call. “It was unbelievable. I was in tears myself,” he said.(凯特说：“我很幸运，显然是因为我的女儿和儿子以及警方的反应。”“行动很快，”他补充说。他提到，多亏了Macie的电话，警察在两分钟内就赶到了。“真是难以置信。我自己也哭了，”他说)”可知，Kyle认为自己很幸运是因为自己的孩子很冷静地向警察求助，而警察也立即作出了反应。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Eliot Police Chief Elliot Moya praised the Semraus for teaching their children about awareness of their surroundings (环境) as well as communication skills. Can your child open your phone and call the police? If not, now’s the time for them to learn.(艾略特警察局局长Elliot Moya称赞Semraus夫妇教会了孩子们对周围环境的认识以及沟通技巧。你的孩子能打开你的手机报警吗？如果没有，现在是他们学习的时候了)”可推知，文章作者认为父母应该早点教孩子一些实用的生活技能。故选D。 C A good vegan milk (纯素奶) needs to look like milk and taste like milk, whether it contains fat or not. Vegan milk is only one example in the growing types of plant-based alternatives (替代品) to animal products, such as meat, cheese, eggs and fish. Burger King and McDonald’s sell vegan pies. Last year the world’s largest producer of canned tuna, Thai Union, began to sell a plant-based product. Growing sales show the growing taste for this type of food, which means alternative proteins have come a long way since 1980s. Producing techniques have been improved, resulting in better products and lower prices of them, which meet the needs of a growing number of people. Some vegetarians say no to meat, but yes to fish. Some people are trying to cut fat for health reasons. Fitness lovers want to develop muscular mass and strength without building up fat. Concerns about animal rights and greenhouse gas from raising livestock (家畜) are driving the environmentalists to limit their intake of animal-based proteins. As is reported, producing a gram of beef gives off 25 times the amount of greenhouse gas as producing a gram of tofu. However, plant-based proteins are a tough sell in giant markets like India, where diets are already plant-rich, or Nigeria, where meat-eating is a sign of being rich. That limits their global popularity. What’s more, animal products, including milk and meat, are better for children’s bone development, though lab-grown meat and dairy are becoming more nutritious. All this suggests that alternative proteins have far to go to replace the animal kind. Plant-based foods may no longer be only a side dish in diets, but their makers’ place as the main dish is another matter. 8. Why does the author mention vegan milk in the first paragraph? A. To encourage a healthy diet. B. To show people’s growing taste. C. To stress the importance of milk. D. To introduce the topic of the passage. 9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Ways to meet the needs of people. B. Benefits of animal-based products. C. Results of improved producing techniques. D. Reasons for choosing plant-based products. 10. Why are plant-based products unpopular in India? A. Indian Diets are rich in plant. B. Eating meat means being rich. C. Plant-based products are produced in labs. D. Plant-based products are bad for children. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards plant-based proteins? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是全球范围内食用植物蛋白的趋势。 8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A good vegan milk (纯素奶) needs to look like milk and taste like milk, whether it contains fat or not. Vegan milk is only one example in the growing types of plant-based alternatives (替代品) to animal products, such as meat, cheese, eggs and fish.(好的纯素奶无论是否含有脂肪，都要看起来像牛奶，尝起来像牛奶。素食牛奶只是不断增长的以植物为基础的动物产品替代品的一个例子，如肉类、奶酪、鸡蛋和鱼类。)”可知，作者在第一段提到纯素牛奶是为了引出本文的主题，即食用植物蛋白的趋势，故选D。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Producing techniques have been improved, resulting in better products and lower prices of them, which meet the needs of a growing number of people. Some vegetarians say no to meat, but yes to fish. Some people are trying to cut fat for health reasons. Fitness lovers want to develop muscular mass and strength without building up fat.(生产技术得到了改进，产品质量更好，价格更低，满足了越来越多的人的需求。一些素食者说不吃肉，但可以吃鱼。有些人为了健康的原因正在努力减少脂肪。健身爱好者希望在不增加脂肪的情况下发展肌肉质量和力量。)”可知，第二段的主旨是选择植物性产品的原因。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, plant-based proteins are a tough sell in giant markets like India, where diets are already plant-rich, or Nigeria, where meat-eating is a sign of being rich.(然而，在印度这样的巨大市场，植物性蛋白质很难销售，因为印度的饮食已经富含植物性，而尼日利亚则认为吃肉是富有的标志。)”可知，植物性产品在印度不受欢迎是因为印度人的饮食富含植物。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“All this suggests that alternative proteins have far to go to replace the animal kind. Plant-based foods may no longer be only a side dish in diets, but their makers’ place as the main dish is another matter.(所有这些都表明，替代蛋白质要取代动物性蛋白质还有很长的路要走。植物性食物可能不再只是饮食中的配菜，但它们的制造者作为主菜的地位是另一回事。)”可知，作者并没有明确表示自己对植物蛋白的看法，因此对植物性蛋白质的态度是客观的，故选C。 D Are you having difficulty falling asleep?Try drinking a glass of warm milk.If that doesn't work,listen to soft beautiful music.Still no luck?Try thinking about sheepjumping over a fence.If you are still awake,take a sleeping pill.But people who take pills often become dependent on the drugs.So you lie awake knowing that the new workday will soon arrive.If you have been in such condition for at least one month,you may have primary insomnia(失眠症)． A new study has found that you might fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer if you try“cerebral hypothermia”.It is not a complex medical process.It just means cooling down your brain.Eric Nofzinger and Daniel Buysse from the University of Pittsburgh Medical School led the study.They examined twelve people who had sleeping problems.Twelve others had no sleeping problems.Each of them wore a soft plastic cap on their head at bedtime. The caps had tubes inside filled with water.The researchers moved the water through the tubes and then changed the temperature of the water.Other studies showed that people who had sleeping problems often had more chemical reactions in the front of their brains.The researchers thought cooling down the brain might help. On the first two nights of testing,the patients wore caps with no water.On the next two nights,the caps were worn,but the water was not cooled.Then the researchers cooled the water a little for another two nights.On the final two nights of the study,the temperature of the water was made much cooler. The researchers found that the water caps didn't help the patients until the temperature was about 14℃.Most of the patients fell asleep faster and slept better when the coolest water was moving around their heads. Dr.Nofzinger and Dr.Buysse noted that this was only the beginning of the brain temperature study.But they believed they had discovered something important that needed more research. 12. The first paragraph is written to________． A. explain how serious insomnia is B. tell us the causes of sleeping problems C. bring forward the topic of the passage D. tell us the danger of having sleeping problems 13. From the passage we know that“cerebral hypothermia”is actually________． A. a complex medical process B. a simple physical treatment C. a psychological treatment D. a difficult scientific theory 14. In the study,researchers helped people fall asleep faster through________． A. increasing chemical reactions in the front of their brains B. making them feel safe with a cap on their heads C. asking them to drink water to cool down D. lowering the temperature of their brains 15. Dr.Nofzinger and Dr.Buysse seemed to believe that________． A. more studies would be needed for their research B. their research wouldn't help people greatly C. cooling down people's brains might be harmful D. the results of their study would be made use of soon 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述最近的一项研究发现，降低大脑的温度有助于失眠者睡一个好觉。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。第一段用问答的方式介绍了几个对付失眠的方法，接下来提到“If you have been in such condition for at east one month, you may have primary insomnia(失眠症) ”如果您已经处于这种状态长达一个月之久，您可能有原发性失眠。进而下文介绍一个有关治疗失眠的新的研究发现，可见第一段是为了引出主题。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“It is not a complex medical process. It just means cooling down your brain. ”可知，这不是一个复杂的医疗过程。它只是让你的大脑降温。从而可以推断，脑低温疗法(cerebral hypothermia)实际上是简单的物理疗法。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A new study has found that you might fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer if you try “cerebral hypothermia”.(一项新的研究发现，如果你尝试“脑低温疗法”，你可能会睡得更快，睡得更久。)”和第三段中的研究“Other studies showed that people who had sleeping problems often had more chemical reactions in the front of their brain. The researchers thought cooling down the brain might help.(其他研究表明，睡眠有问题的人大脑前部的化学反应更多。研究人员认为，给大脑降温可能会有所帮助。)”可知，研究人员通过冷却人们的大脑让他们更快地入睡。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Dr.Nofzinger and Dr.Buysse noted that this was only the beginning of the brain temperature study.But they believed they had discovered something important that needed more research.” Nofzinger博士和Buysse博士认为这只是大脑温度研究的开始，仍需要进行更多的研究。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Race walking(竞走) has become more and more popular in recent years. ____16____ For example, it can make a person stronger and more patient. Race walking is different from running. The race walker should take the correct running posture(姿势). He must never be completely out of contact with the ground, which means the back foot cannot folly leave the surface until the front foot has touched the ground. In addition, the leg carrying the race walker’s weight must remain completely straight until his body has passed over it. ____17____ If not, he will be warned(警告) by judges(裁判) and even lose the chance to continue the competition. ____18____ Some race walkers can reach a speed very close to that of professional runners. In 2008, the men’s 20 km race walk world record was one hour sixteen minutes and forty-three seconds, while the current world record for a 20 km run was fifty-five minutes and forty-eight Seconds. Race walking has become an important Olympic event. At first, only men were allowed to take part in race walking in the Olympics. Some years later, women were also allowed to take part in it in the Olympics. Women are typically slower than men in race walking. ____19____ If you want to learn it, you can read some books or watch videos to find out the basics of race walking. ____20____ You’ll receive good guidance on the skills of race walking. A. But their record scores are fairly close. B. The correct posture is not easy to stick to. C. The race walker must follow these basic rules. D. It’s a sport helpful to people’s health and mind. E Or you can turn to a race walking coach directly. F. Learning race walking can be tiring in the beginning. G The speed of race walking can be even as fast as that of running. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了竞走这项运动。 【16题详解】 根据下文“For example, it can make a person stronger and more patient.(例如，它可以使一个人更坚强，更有耐心)”可知，竞走对人有好处，故D项“它是一项对人们的健康和精神有帮助的运动”引出下文。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“He must never be completely out of contact with the ground, which means the back foot cannot folly leave the surface until the front foot has touched the ground. In addition, the leg carrying the race walker’s weight must remain completely straight until his body has passed over it.(他绝不能完全脱离地面，这意味着在前脚触地之前，后脚不能离开地面。此外，承担竞走者重量的腿必须保持完全笔直，直到他的身体超过它)”是讲述竞走的正确姿势，结合下文“If not, he will be warned(警告) by judges(裁判) and even lose the chance to continue the competition.(否则，他将受到裁判的警告，甚至失去继续比赛的机会)”可知，空处应是讲述要遵守竞走的规则，C项“竞走运动员必须遵守这些基本规则”衔接上下文。C项中的“these basic rules”呼应上文内容。故选C项。 【18题详解】 空处位于段首，是段落主题句，根据空后“Some race walkers can reach a speed very close to that of professional runners.(一些竞走选手可以达到非常接近专业跑步者的速度)”可知，本段是讲述竞走运动员的速度。G项“竞走的速度可以和跑步一样快”符合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 上文“Women are typically slower than men in race walking.(在竞走比赛中，女性通常比男性慢)”是对比男女运动员的速度，A项“但他们的记录分数相当接近”也是对比男女运动员，且与上文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“If you want to learn it, you can read some books or watch videos to find out the basics of race walking. (如果你想学习，你可以阅读一些书籍或观看视频来了解竞走的基本知识)”是描述学习竞走的方式，结合空后“You’ll receive good guidance on the skills of race walking.(你将在竞走技巧方面得到很好的指导)”可知，空处是讲述另一种方式，故E项“或者你可以直接求助于竞走教练”符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, a young man Gary went to see a wise old man. He wanted to know ____21____ he wasn’t able to reach all of his goals in his life. He ____22____ the old man reading in a small house by the river. With a smile, the wise man listened to Gary’s ____23____ and told him, “First, come to help me boil a kettle (壶) of water!” Gary saw a ____24____ kettle standing in the corner next to a small stove (炉子), but he didn’t find any wood, ____25____ he went out to search for some. He came back with some dry wood, filled up the kettle ____26____ water and put it on the stove. Then he put some wood in the stove and started a ____27____. But because the kettle was too large, when the wood burned up, the water did not ____28____. So he ran off to get more. When he returned; the water had nearly got ____29____. This time he learned his lesson and prepared more wood in advance. This time the water boiled very ____30____. “If there is not enough wood, how would you boil the water?” the wise man ____31____. Gary thought for a moment but didn’t know the answer, so he shook his ____32____. “Well, then just pour out some water from the kettle!” the old man. said. Gary nodded thoughtfully. “____33____, you had so many dreams and set too many goals, ” said the old man. “____34____ is just like the large kettle full of water. You didn’t have enough wood so you ____35____ boil the water. If you want to make the water boil, then you will have to either pour some water out or prepare more wood!” 21. A. how B. why C. whether D. when 22. A. heard B. explained C. thought D. found 23. A. story B. explanation C. advice D. lesson 24. A. little B. nice C. big D. new 25. A. soon B. again C. so D. then 26. A. from B. with C. of D. at 27. A. piece B. try C. fire D. step 28. A. heat B. work C. fill D. boil 29. A. cool B. cold C. warm D. hot 30. A. slowly B. easily C. quickly D. lovely 31. A. said B. suggested C. asked D. looked 32. A. face B. head C. arm D. hand 33. A. At once B. At last C. At a time D. At first 34. A. That B. One C. Here D. There 35. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. couldn’t 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻人Gary向智者请教为何无法实现所有目标，智者通过煮水的例子教会他集中目标的道理。 【21题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：他想知道为什么他不能在生活中实现他所有的目标。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. when何时。根据空后“he wasn’t able to reach all of his goals in his life”可知，此处指Gary不知道为什么自己不能在生活中实现所有的目标，应用why引导宾语从句。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现那个老人在河边的一座小房子里读书。A. heard听说；B. explained解释；C. thought认为；D. found发现。根据后文“the old man reading in a small house by the river”可知，Gary发现老人在河边的一座小房子里读书，应用find。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：智者微笑着听Gary诉说着，然后告诉他：“首先，来帮我烧一壶水！”A. story故事；B. explanation解释；C. advice建议；D. lesson教训，课程。根据空前“Gary’s”以及语境可知，Gary在跟智者讲述自己的事情。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gary 看见一个大壶在角落里的小炉子旁边，但他没有找到任何木头，所以他出去寻找一些。A. little小的；B. nice好的；C. big大的；D. new新的。根据后文“because the kettle was too large”可知，此处指Gary看到一个大的水壶。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gary 看见一个大壶在角落里的小炉子旁边，但他没有找到任何木头，所以他出去寻找一些。A. soon很快；B. again再次；C. so因此；D. then然后。根据空前“but he didn’t find any wood”和空后“he went out to search for some”可知，此处为因果关系，因为没有找到木头，所以Gary出去寻找。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他带着一些干木头回来了，用水装满了水壶，把它放在炉子上。A. from来自；B. with用，和，带着；C. of……的；D. at在……。根据空前“filled up the kettle”和空后“water”可知，Gary用水装满了水壶，用with表示用什么装满，fill up sth. with sth.“用……把……填满”。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他在炉子里放了一些木头，点燃了火。A. piece片，块；B. try尝试；C. fire火；D. step步骤。根据空前“put some wood in the stove”可知，Gary在炉子里放了一些木头来生火，此处指点燃了火。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是因为水壶太大了，当木头烧完的时候，水还没有烧开。A. heat加热；B. work工作；C. fill装满；D. boil烧开。根据后文“So he ran off to get more”可知，此处指水没有烧开。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他回来的时候，水几乎变冷了。A. cool凉爽的；B. cold冷的；C. warm温暖的；D. hot热的。根据后文“This time he learned his lesson and prepared more wood in advance”可知，Gary回来时水已经变冷了。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次水很快就烧开了。A. slowly慢慢地；B. easily容易地；C. quickly快速地；D. lovely可爱的。根据前文“prepared more wood in advance”可知，Gary提前准备了更多的木头，所以水很快就烧开了。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果没有足够的木头，你怎么烧开水呢？”智者问道。A. said说；B. suggested建议；C. asked问；D. looked看。根据前文的问题“If there is not enough wood, how would you boil the water?”及后文“didn’t know the answer”可知，此处指智者问Gary一个问题。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gary想了一会儿，但不知道答案，所以他摇了摇头。A. face脸；B. head头；C. arm胳膊；D. hand手。根据空前“Gary thought for a moment but didn’t know the answer”可知，Gary不知道答案，所以摇了摇头，shake one’s head为固定短语，意为“摇头”。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：“起初，你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标，”老人说。A. At once立刻；B. At last最后；C. At a time一次；D. At first起初。根据后文“you had so many dreams and set too many goals”可知，老人告诉Gary起初他设定的目标太多了。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：那就像那个装满水的大壶。A. That那个；B. One一个；C. Here这里；D. There那里。根据前文“you had so many dreams and set too many goals”以及后文“is just like the large kettle full of water”可知，智者用比喻来说明这个问题，应用that 指代前面提到的“你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标”这种情况。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有足够的木头，所以你烧不开水。A. should应该；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. could能够；D. couldn’t不能。根据前文“You didn’t have enough wood”可知，Gary没有足够的木头，所以不能让水开，此处表示“不能”。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After a long-awaited three years, the highly popular Chinese vlogger Li Ziqi has finally made a comeback on Bilibili. ____36____ moment her new update emerged, it immediately seized the spotlight and the attention of millions of ____37____ (devote) fans. Li Ziqi ____38____ (know) for her unique and charming traditional Chinese cultural videos several years ago. In her videos, she showed various traditional skills, ____39____ making delicious Chinese dishes with ingredients she grew ____40____ (she) to creating handicrafts with natural materials. These videos not only attracted numerous Chinese viewers but also ____41____ (gain)great popularity among international audiences. During her absence, many of her fans were ____42____ (eager) waiting for her return. With her return, fans are filled with anticipation, eager to discover ____43____ she will reveal on the platform. Her new content is expected to continue to spread the beauty of Chinese culture. She has the potential ____44____ (amaze) the world once again with her creativity and the traditional charm she presents. With her influence, more people around the world may get to know and love Chinese traditional culture _____45_____ (deeply) than before. 【答案】36. The 37. devoted 38. was known 39. from 40. herself 41. gained 42. eagerly 43. what 44. to amaze 45. more deeply 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了时隔三年，备受欢迎的中国视频博主李子柒终于在哔哩哔哩上复出了。她的更新一出现，就立刻吸引了数百万忠实粉丝的关注。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她的新更新一出现，就立刻吸引了数百万忠实粉丝的关注。后面是两个句子，需要连词，the moment可作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，符合题意，该空应填定冠词the；注意句首字母大写。故填The。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她的新更新一出现，就立刻吸引了数百万忠实粉丝的关注。该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词fans，所给词devote为动词，其派生形容词devoted意为“忠实的”，符合语境。故填devoted。 【38题详解】 考查语态时态及主谓一致。句意：几年前，李子柒因其独特而迷人的中国传统文化视频而闻名。该空所给动词know在句中作谓语，此处表示某人“因……而闻名”，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语several years ago可知，应使用一般过去时；主语为单数名词，助动词be应使用单数形式。故填was known。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：在她的视频中，她展示了各种传统技能，从用自己种植的食材制作美味的中国菜到用天然材料制作手工艺品。此处列举多种传统技能，应填介词from与下文的to呼应，from…to…。故填from。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：在她的视频中，她展示了各种传统技能，从用自己种植的食材制作美味的中国菜到用天然材料制作手工艺品。此处应填反身代词作主语同位语，对主语起到强调作用；此处还可以理解为反身代词作状语，意为“亲自”修饰动词grew。故填herself。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：这些视频不仅吸引了大量的中国观众，而且在国际观众中也很受欢迎。并列连词not only…but also…连接了并列谓语动词；该空所给动词在句中与attracted并列作谓语，应使用一般过去时态。故填gained。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：在她离开期间，她的许多粉丝急切地等待着她的归来。该空需要一个副词修饰后面动词短语wait for。故填eagerly。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的回归，粉丝们充满了期待，渴望知道她将在平台上透露什么。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句，并指代事物在从句中作宾语，应填what。故填what。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她有潜力用她的创造力和她所呈现的传统魅力再次震惊世界。the potential to do something意为“做某事的潜能”，该空应填动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词potential。故填to amaze。 【45题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：在她的影响下，世界上可能会有更多的人比以前更深入地了解和热爱中国传统文化。该空需要一个副词修饰动词love，根据后面than before可知，应使用副词比较形式。故填more deeply。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教John一起参加第35届校园艺术节的开幕式。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.时间、地点、内容； 3.表达期待。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear John, I’m Li Hua, one of your students. With the 35th School Ant Festival approaching, I want to extend my sincere invitation to you to attend its opening ceremony. As scheduled, the opening ceremony will take place on December 31st in the Music Hall. It will feature a wide variety of activities, ranging from the singing competition, poetry reciting to dance performances. Besides, it won’t fail to fascinate you with the gift given by the school union, a pretty toy which stands for our school. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua (89 words) 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生邀请外教John一起参加第35届校园艺术节的开幕式。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： ①真诚的：sincere → heartfelt/genuine ②安排：schedule → arrange/plan ③呈现：feature → highlight/showcase ④吸引：fascinate → captivate/enchant 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As scheduled, the opening ceremony will take place on December 31st in the Music Hall. 拓展句：As it is scheduled, the opening ceremony will take place on December 31st in the Music Hall. 【点睛】【高级句型1】With the 35th School Ant Festival approaching, I want to extend my sincere invitation to you to attend its opening ceremony. (运用了with的复合结构) 【高级句型2】It will feature a wide variety of activities, ranging from the singing competition, poetry reciting to dance performances. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nominated (提名) for our school’s debate team. I jumped at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the team’s criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a good understanding of current events. The next day, I handed in my application and waited with eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡) , anticipation building up with each tick of the clock. Two weeks went by, and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, which began with “I’m sorry to…”. As soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into the house. My mother was typing at the computer. “Mom,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn’t make the debate team.” She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears in my eyes told a different story. “No, really, I wasn’t picked,” I told her, handing her the letter. Her smile faded, replaced by a look of genuine concern. “Oh, sweetheart, I’m sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final. Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying. The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn’t deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my words as I complained. “I’m the best fit for the team,” I protested. “See Jenny, complaining won’t get you on the team.” Mom gave me a serious look. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. She shared her own stories of failure and disappointment and how she turned them into opportunities for growth. “Every rejection is a lesson,” she said. With her guidance, I spent the next three months improving my skills. I practiced debates, read extensively to stay updated on current events, and sought feedback from teachers and peers. I even started a debate club after school to gain more experience. I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament, they considered my dedication and improvement. This time, I was ready. My performance in the tryouts was confident and well-prepared. Joining the team was a sweet victory, but the real win was in the resilience I had built and the lessons I had learned along the way. My mother’s wisdom had steered me through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。短文讲述主角最初因为落选辩论队受到了打击，但在母亲的鼓励下，她选择利用这次挫折作为提升自我的机会，通过参加辩论研讨和自我练习来改进自己的技能。最终，机会再次来临，她用准备和信心证明了自己，最终成功加入辩论队。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我盯着妈妈，急切地听着。”可知，第一段可描写母亲分享了自己的失败和失望的故事，以及她如何将它们转化为成长的机会。以及作者努力的过程 ②由第二段首句内容“3个月后第二次机会来临时，我成功了。”可知，第二段可描写讲述机会再次来临时，作者基于之前的准备，成功加入了辩论队以及感悟。 2.续写线索：母亲分享了自己的故事——作者的努力——加入辩论队——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①转化成：turn...into /transform...into ②提高：improve/promote ③获得：gain /obtain ④加入团队：join the team/make the team 情绪类 ①感激的：grateful /appreciative ②自信的：confident/ assured 【点睛】[高分句型1] When the team needed an extra member for an upcoming tournament, they considered my dedication and improvement. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] My mother’s wisdom had steered me through a tough time, and I was grateful for the journey that had made me a better debater and a stronger person. (运用了that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年下学期高二期末考试试题 英 语 时间: 120分钟 总分: 150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What are the speakers probably doing now? A. Enjoying the sunrise. B. Taking a short break. C. Climbing the mountain 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. At the woman's home. 3. Why does the man feel sorry? A. He spilled the woman's coffee. B He broke the washing machine. C. He made the woman's skirt dirty. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man's job. B. A comedy show. C. Their plans for tonight. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When did the man start to have a backache? A. Yesterday. B. Two days ago. C. A week ago. 7. Who is probably the woman? A. A doctor. B. The man's coach. C. The man's co-worker. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does David hesitate about lending the woman the car this time? A. He is worried about her driving skills. B. She didn't give back the car on time last time. C. She didn't fill the car up with petrol as promised. 9. What is David going to do tomorrow? A. Pay a visit to Peggy. B. Drive to the Grand Mall. C. Go to the beach. 听第8段材料，回答第10至 13题。 10. How often does the man go to the supermarket? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once two weeks. 11. What does the woman promise to do for the man? A. Find some oranges for him. B. Help organize the locations. C. Share his opinion with her manager. 12. What is the man likely to buy? A. Bread. B. Soap. C. Pork. 13. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Saleswoman and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Hostess and guest. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How often does the city marathon take place? A. Every week. B. Every month. C. Every year. 15. Why does the woman run marathons? A. To compete with others. B. To relax from her tiring job. C. To become a professional athlete. 16. When did the woman complete her course? A. At around 11: 00. B. At around 9:00. C. At around 12:00. 17. What will the man probably do next year? A. Run a race. B. Lose some weight. C. Work as a volunteer. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is an important reason parents don't allow children to use social media? A. They might be addicted to online chatting. B. They might be cheated by bad guys online. C. They might face the stress of social comparison. 19. What can parents do to help children use social media in the right way? A. Discuss online behavior with children regularly. B. Stop children from joining any online groups. C. Check children's social media platforms daily. 20. What is the speaker's attitude towards children using social media? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Unfavorable. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A CHI’s Academic Year Program (AYP) is your chance to study in America and spend either an academic year or a semester living with a volunteer host family The requirements for studying in America ● High school students who are aged 15 to 18 ● A score of at least 212 on the ELTiS exam ● Application Contact a partner agency in your home or a nearby country. We can also send you a list of partners near you. They will set you up with an application and let you know what you need to submit in order to be considered. ● Admission and visa Our Admissions Department reviews and accepts your application. We issue and send your agency the Form DS-2019, which is the official US Department of State document that allows you to apply for and receive your J-1 visa. Once you receive the DS-2019, you can make your visa appointment. When the visa is granted, you are all set to travel to America. ● Homestay Meanwhile, our Field and Operations staff work hard to find you the perfect family and school as soon as possible! Once we find the right host family for you, you can start to get to know your family by email. ● Depart to the US and meet your family and friends Your agency will book your flight according to your school start date. When you arrive, we will give you a student orientation (迎新会) and introduce you to other exchange students and the surrounding community. When school starts, you will begin the process of cultural exchange! Contact us: 1-800-432-4643; 1-415-459-5397 Location: 255 W End Avenue San Rafael, CA 94901 1. Who can take part in this homestay project? A. Those interested in American culture. B. College students with 220 in ELTiS. C. 17-year-old high schoolers with 230 in ELTiS. D. 14-year-old students with good grades at school. 2. What should applicants do before making a visa appointment? A. Get the Form DS-2019. B. Contact the host family via email. C. Search for information about American schools. D. Receive approval from school’s Admissions Department. 3. What awaits the students when they arrive in the US? A. A volunteer activity in the community. B. A meeting with Field and Operations staff. C. An outing with their host family. D. A student orientation. B Macie Semrau, a 6-year-old girl from Eliot, Maine, seldom missed school. So, when she refused to even get dressed one day, her mother decided to allow her to stay home with her father Kyle and her 4-year-old brother Caleb. The family would later be extremely thankful that the little girl refused to leave after she found her father passed out in the basement. After returning from his night work, Kyle was feeling light-headed. He told his wife Kate that he would be laying low for the day with their children. He finally made his way to the basement. Macie paid attention to her father’s condition when she heard him shouting, and she and Caleb went to have a look. Macie found her 37-year-old father was about to lose awareness (意识). She asked him for his phone’s passcode (密码) so she could unlock it. After successfully opening his phone, she found the local police department’s number and called the police. Smith was floored by Macie’s decision-making and her ability to stay calm. The little girl listed the family’s Goodwin Road address while explaining that her father was in trouble. In the meantime, Caleb comforted his father. Thanks to Macie and Caleb, he was sent to Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, where he required four liters of oxygen (氧气) and spent three days recovering. “I’m very lucky, obviously because of my daughter and son and the police’s response” said Kate. “It was quick,” he added, mentioning that the police arrived just in two minutes thanks to Macie’s call. “It was unbelievable. I was in tears myself,” he said. The Eliot Police Department also praised the young girl for her quick thinking and strong awareness. Eliot Police Chief Elliot Moya praised the Semraus for teaching their children about awareness of their surroundings (环境) as well as communication skills. Can your child open your phone and call the police? If not, now’s the time for them to learn. 4. What do we know about Macie from paragraph 1? A. She was late for class regularly. B. She went off to school almost every day. C. She enjoyed staying home with her father. D. She liked to play with her brother at home. 5. What did Macie think of first to help her father? A. How to call for help with her father’s phone. B. How to give emergency treatment to her father. C. How to send her father to hospital with her brother. D. How to get her father’s phone to connect to the Internet. 6. Why did Kyle say he was lucky? A. His daughter was wise to skip school that day. B. His kids and the police’s response was immediate. C. A policeman happened to be there to come to his help. D. The police department’s phone was not busy that day. 7. We can infer that parents had better teach their kids to ________. A. fit into their new surroundings B. show off their communication skills C. remember the police’s phone number D. learn some practical life skills earlier C A good vegan milk (纯素奶) needs to look like milk and taste like milk, whether it contains fat or not. Vegan milk is only one example in the growing types of plant-based alternatives (替代品) to animal products, such as meat, cheese, eggs and fish. Burger King and McDonald’s sell vegan pies. Last year the world’s largest producer of canned tuna, Thai Union, began to sell a plant-based product. Growing sales show the growing taste for this type of food, which means alternative proteins have come a long way since 1980s. Producing techniques have been improved, resulting in better products and lower prices of them, which meet the needs of a growing number of people. Some vegetarians say no to meat, but yes to fish. Some people are trying to cut fat for health reasons. Fitness lovers want to develop muscular mass and strength without building up fat. Concerns about animal rights and greenhouse gas from raising livestock (家畜) are driving the environmentalists to limit their intake of animal-based proteins. As is reported, producing a gram of beef gives off 25 times the amount of greenhouse gas as producing a gram of tofu. However, plant-based proteins are a tough sell in giant markets like India, where diets are already plant-rich, or Nigeria, where meat-eating is a sign of being rich. That limits their global popularity. What’s more, animal products, including milk and meat, are better for children’s bone development, though lab-grown meat and dairy are becoming more nutritious. All this suggests that alternative proteins have far to go to replace the animal kind. Plant-based foods may no longer be only a side dish in diets, but their makers’ place as the main dish is another matter. 8. Why does the author mention vegan milk in the first paragraph? A. To encourage a healthy diet. B. To show people’s growing taste. C. To stress the importance of milk. D. To introduce the topic of the passage. 9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Ways to meet the needs of people. B. Benefits of animal-based products. C. Results of improved producing techniques. D. Reasons for choosing plant-based products. 10. Why are plant-based products unpopular in India? A. Indian Diets are rich in plant. B. Eating meat means being rich. C. Plant-based products are produced in labs. D. Plant-based products are bad for children. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards plant-based proteins? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Unclear. D Are you having difficulty falling asleep?Try drinking a glass of warm milk.If that doesn't work,listen to soft beautiful music.Still no luck?Try thinking about sheepjumping over a fence.If you are still awake,take a sleeping pill.But people who take pills often become dependent on the drugs.So you lie awake knowing that the new workday will soon arrive.If you have been in such condition for at least one month,you may have primary insomnia(失眠症)． A new study has found that you might fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer if you try“cerebral hypothermia”.It is not a complex medical process.It just means cooling down your brain.Eric Nofzinger and Daniel Buysse from the University of Pittsburgh Medical School led the study.They examined twelve people who had sleeping problems.Twelve others had no sleeping problems.Each of them wore a soft plastic cap on their head at bedtime. The caps had tubes inside filled with water.The researchers moved the water through the tubes and then changed the temperature of the water.Other studies showed that people who had sleeping problems often had more chemical reactions in the front of their brains.The researchers thought cooling down the brain might help. On the first two nights of testing,the patients wore caps with no water.On the next two nights,the caps were worn,but the water was not cooled.Then the researchers cooled the water a little for another two nights.On the final two nights of the study,the temperature of the water was made much cooler. The researchers found that the water caps didn't help the patients until the temperature was about 14℃.Most of the patients fell asleep faster and slept better when the coolest water was moving around their heads. Dr.Nofzinger and Dr.Buysse noted that this was only the beginning of the brain temperature study.But they believed they had discovered something important that needed more research. 12. The first paragraph is written to________． A. explain how serious insomnia is B. tell us the causes of sleeping problems C. bring forward the topic of the passage D. tell us the danger of having sleeping problems 13. From the passage we know that“cerebral hypothermia”is actually________． A. a complex medical process B. a simple physical treatment C. a psychological treatment D. a difficult scientific theory 14. In the study,researchers helped people fall asleep faster through________． A. increasing chemical reactions in the front of their brains B. making them feel safe with a cap on their heads C. asking them to drink water to cool down D. lowering the temperature of their brains 15. Dr.Nofzinger and Dr.Buysse seemed to believe that________． A. more studies would be needed for their research B. their research wouldn't help people greatly C. cooling down people's brains might be harmful D. the results of their study would be made use of soon 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Race walking(竞走) has become more and more popular in recent years. ____16____ For example it can make a person stronger and more patient. Race walking is different from running. The race walker should take the correct running posture(姿势). He must never be completely out of contact with the ground, which means the back foot cannot folly leave the surface until the front foot has touched the ground. In addition, the leg carrying the race walker’s weight must remain completely straight until his body has passed over it. ____17____ If not, he will be warned(警告) by judges(裁判) and even lose the chance to continue the competition. ____18____ Some race walkers can reach a speed very close to that of professional runners. In 2008, the men’s 20 km race walk world record was one hour sixteen minutes and forty-three seconds, while the current world record for a 20 km run was fifty-five minutes and forty-eight Seconds. Race walking has become an important Olympic event. At first, only men were allowed to take part in race walking in the Olympics. Some years later, women were also allowed to take part in it in the Olympics. Women are typically slower than men in race walking. ____19____ If you want to learn it, you can read some books or watch videos to find out the basics of race walking. ____20____ You’ll receive good guidance on the skills of race walking. A. But their record scores are fairly close. B. The correct posture is not easy to stick to. C. The race walker must follow these basic rules. D. It’s a sport helpful to people’s health and mind. E. Or you can turn to a race walking coach directly. F. Learning race walking can be tiring in the beginning. G. The speed of race walking can be even as fast as that of running. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, a young man Gary went to see a wise old man. He wanted to know ____21____ he wasn’t able to reach all of his goals in his life. He ____22____ the old man reading in a small house by the river. With a smile, the wise man listened to Gary’s ____23____ and told him, “First, come to help me boil a kettle (壶) of water!” Gary saw a ____24____ kettle standing in the corner next to a small stove (炉子), but he didn’t find any wood, ____25____ he went out to search for some. He came back with some dry wood, filled up the kettle ____26____ water and put it on the stove. Then he put some wood in the stove and started a ____27____. But because the kettle was too large, when the wood burned up, the water did not ____28____. So he ran off to get more. When he returned; the water had nearly got ____29____. This time he learned his lesson and prepared more wood in advance. This time the water boiled very ____30____. “If there is not enough wood, how would you boil the water?” the wise man ____31____. Gary thought for a moment but didn’t know the answer, so he shook his ____32____. “Well, then just pour out some water from the kettle!” the old man. said. Gary nodded thoughtfully. “____33____, you had so many dreams and set too many goals, ” said the old man. “____34____ is just like the large kettle full of water. You didn’t have enough wood so you ____35____ boil the water. If you want to make the water boil, then you will have to either pour some water out or prepare more wood!” 21 A. how B. why C. whether D. when 22. A. heard B. explained C. thought D. found 23. A. story B. explanation C. advice D. lesson 24. A. little B. nice C. big D. new 25. A. soon B. again C. so D. then 26. A. from B. with C. of D. at 27. A. piece B. try C. fire D. step 28. A. heat B. work C. fill D. boil 29. A. cool B. cold C. warm D. hot 30. A. slowly B. easily C. quickly D. lovely 31. A. said B. suggested C. asked D. looked 32. A. face B. head C. arm D. hand 33. A. At once B. At last C. At a time D. At first 34. A. That B. One C. Here D. There 35. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. couldn’t 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 After a long-awaited three years, the highly popular Chinese vlogger Li Ziqi has finally made a comeback on Bilibili. ____36____ moment her new update emerged, it immediately seized the spotlight and the attention of millions of ____37____ (devote) fans. Li Ziqi ____38____ (know) for her unique and charming traditional Chinese cultural videos several years ago. In her videos, she showed various traditional skills, ____39____ making delicious Chinese dishes with ingredients she grew ____40____ (she) to creating handicrafts with natural materials. These videos not only attracted numerous Chinese viewers but also ____41____ (gain)great popularity among international audiences. During her absence, many of her fans were ____42____ (eager) waiting for her return. With her return, fans are filled with anticipation, eager to discover ____43____ she will reveal on the platform. Her new content is expected to continue to spread the beauty of Chinese culture. She has the potential ____44____ (amaze) the world once again with her creativity and the traditional charm she presents. With her influence, more people around the world may get to know and love Chinese traditional culture _____45_____ (deeply) than before. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，想邀请外教John一起参加第35届校园艺术节的开幕式。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.时间、地点、内容； 3.表达期待。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nominated (提名) for our school’s debate team. I jumped at the chance. When I got home that day, I began to fill out the application form, trying hard to prove how I met all the team’s criteria: strong communication skills, teamwork, and a good understanding of current events. The next day, I handed in my application and waited with eagerness. I was on tenterhooks (如坐针毡) , anticipation building up with each tick of the clock. Two weeks went by, and I received a letter from the school about the debate team, which began with “I’m sorry to…”. As soon as the school bus let me off that afternoon, I raced into the house. My mother was typing at the computer. “Mom,” I said, my voice barely above a whisper, “I didn’t make the debate team.” She looked up, a smile playing on her lips, thinking I was joking, and playfully reached out to high-five me. But the tears in my eyes told a different story. “No, really, I wasn’t picked,” I told her, handing her the letter. Her smile faded replaced by a look of genuine concern. “Oh, sweetheart, I’m sorry,” she said, surprised. “There must be some mistake.” She called the debate team advisor, but he confirmed there were no mistakes and the decision was final. Hearing that, I broke down and burst out crying. The rejection stung (刺痛) me, especially when I saw friends celebrating their acceptance. I felt cheated, questioning the fairness of the process. In my view, some selected didn’t deserve it as much as I did. Bitterness crept (潜入) into my words as I complained. “I’m the best fit for the team,” I protested. “See, Jenny, complaining won’t get you on the team.” Mom gave me a serious look. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stared at Mom and listened eagerly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I did make it when a second chance came 3 months later. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$