Unit 1 Section Ⅳ（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Integrated skills，Extended reading，Project，Assessment & Further study [对应学生用书P15] 1．adventure n．冒险；奇遇 2．unending adj.无尽的；源源不断的 3．fragile adj.易碎的；脆弱的 4．landscape n．风景，景色 5．strikingly adv.显著地；引人注目地 6．cloudless adj.无云的；晴朗的 7．with the approach of随着……的来临 8．put...on...将……放在……上 9．be stuck in陷入；困住 10．be made from由……制成 11．think to oneself心里想；盘算 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 ①arrive at到达 ②walk past 走过 ③a group of一群 ④goat n．山羊 ⑤take a look at看一看 ⑥resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决 make a resolution 下决心；制定计划 ⑦set off出发 ⑧run over碾过；驶过 ⑨be surrounded by被……包围/环绕 ⑩tower above大大高出；远远胜过 ⑪on all sides到处 ⑫grain n．细粒，颗粒；谷物 ⑬beat down(阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 ⑭be about to即将；正打算 ⑮contrast vi.形成对比vt.对比，对照n.差异，差别；对照物 ⑯ray n．光线，射线 ⑰fall on落到 ⑱camel n．骆驼 ⑲chew vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 ⑳with interest有兴致地；有兴趣地 head towards 向……进发；驶向 starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 rush to急匆匆地 barbecue n．烤架；户外烧烤 departure n．离开，起程 mud n．泥，淤泥 near to靠近，接近 border n．国界，边界vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 wander over漫步；闲逛 drive on继续开车 parking n．停车；停车位 next to紧挨着 brick n．砖块；积木 line up排列成行；一字排开 rise up上升 dot vt.使布满，点缀；遍布；加点n.点 be alive with充满 in the distance在远处 get out of从……退出；逃避 ham n．火腿，火腿肉 sausage n．香肠，腊肠 bunch n．串，束；大量 a bunch of 一束；一堆 fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 intently adv.目不转睛地；热切地，专注地 An adventure in Africa 30 June, Morocco My parents and I had just driven down the narrow mountain road from Marrakesh，with all its sharp bends，and had finally arrived at① Merzouga.Before us stretched the unending sand dunes that marked the beginning of the Sahara.A small boy walked past② with a group of③ noisy goats④ as I took a long look at⑤ the yellow roadside sign that told us we were entering a “fragile natural environment”．I made a resolution⑥ to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here.We set off⑦.Our vehicle quietly running over⑧ the sand and small stones.It wasn't long before we were surrounded by⑨enormous sand dunes towering above⑩ us on all sides⑪. The wind was blowing grains⑫ of sand from the tops of the dunes，the sun was beating down⑬ hard and bright，and the sky was a deep shade of blue that I had never seen before.The wild beauty of the desert was about to⑭ reveal itself.There was not a plant to be seen.The desert appeared completely empty，which was calming and threatening at the same time.The colours of the dunes contrasted⑮ strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the unending sand dunes。 while引导时间状语从句。 句型“It was not long before...”没过多久就；towering above us on all sides是现在分词短语作后置定语。 which引导非限制性定语从句。which指代前面整个句子。 Eventually，as the last rays⑯ of sunlight were falling on⑰ the sand，we arrived at our desert camp.Stars were already shining brightly in the darkening sky and it was getting cold with the approach of the night.Three camels⑱，slowly chewing⑲，were resting on their knees and watching our arrival with interest⑳. “So，which one of you lucky animals will be my ride tomorrow？” I said out loud as I grabbed my bag and headed towardsthe warm campfire.I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 3 July, Kenya A few days after our departure from the camp，our car was well and truly stuck in the mud.We were very near to our rest camp in Amboseli National Park located on the borderof Kenya when my father，against my mother's advice，decided to drive through a large pool of water that stretched across the dirt road.Two tall slim local people were standing by the roadside watching us with amusement.They must have realized that we were totally helpless，for after a few moments，they wandered over and pushed us free.My father smiled weakly and we drove onas my mother and I waved from the car window. when引导时间状语从句。其中包含一个定语从句that stretched across the dirt road修饰先行词a large pool of water。 此处是现在分词短语作状语。 that 引导宾语从句。作realized的宾语。 We found a parking space next to our hut，which was round and made from brick.The walls，painted brilliant white，reflected the afternoon sun.There were five similar huts，all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro，the highest mountain in Africa.The mountain rose up over the plains before us.Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains，which were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see.Giraffes，with their long necks，were pulling leaves from the highest branches.In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains.I had never seen anything like this before.It was indeed the greatest show on the Earth. 过去分词短语作定语，修饰The walls。 We got out ofthe car，carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut.I placed hamsandwiches，sausages and a bunch of bananas on a small wooden table.I returned to the car and fetched more possessions.It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. “So cute，”I thought to myself，until I realized it was my banana that he was eating! He was looking at me intently as he enjoyed the final mouthful.I was sure he was saying，“Thank you.”“You're welcome，”I replied. 强调句型“It is/was＋强调部分＋that...”；其中包含一个“notice＋宾语＋宾语补足语(现在分词)”结构。 非洲奇遇 6月30日，摩洛哥 我和父母刚从马拉喀什驱车，沿着狭窄的山路，一路急转弯，终于到达了梅尔祖卡。在我们面前的是绵延不绝的沙丘，它们标志着撒哈拉沙漠的起点。我盯着黄色路标时，一个小男孩赶着一群吵闹的山羊走过。根据路标提示我们正在进入“脆弱的自然环境”。当我在此地的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。我们出发了，车在沙子和小石子上静静驶过。不一会儿，我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。风吹动着沙丘顶上的沙粒，阳光照耀着，猛烈而耀眼，天空是我以前从未见过的深蓝色。沙漠的野性之美即将显露。目光所及之处，一棵植物都没有。沙漠似乎空无一物，这既使人平静，又让人害怕。沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 当夕阳的余晖洒在沙地上时，我们终于抵达了沙漠营地。星星已经在黑沉沉的天空中闪闪发光。随着夜幕降临，天也渐渐变冷了。三只骆驼跪着休息，慢吞吞地嚼着东西，饶有兴致地注视着我们的到来。 “那么，明天你们哪一个幸运儿会成为我的坐骑呢？”我一边大声说道，一边拿起包朝温暖的篝火走去。我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 7月3日，肯尼亚 离开营地几天后，我们的车就完完全全陷在泥里了。父亲先前不听母亲的劝告，决定开车穿过横跨在泥路上的一大滩水，当时我们离位于肯尼亚边境的安博塞利国家公园休息营地非常近。两个瘦高的当地人站在路边忍俊不禁地看着我们。他们一定意识到了我们完全无能为力，因为过了一会儿，他们便走过来，把我们的车从泥地里推出去。父亲勉强笑了笑，我和母亲从车窗挥手，便继续前行了。 我们在小屋旁边找到了一个停车位，小屋是圆形的，用砖砌成。墙壁被漆成亮白色，反射着午后的阳光。有五间类似的小屋，都排成一列，面朝非洲的最高山脉——乞力马扎罗山。那座山屹立在我们面前的平原上。高高的草丛和树木点缀着平原，平原上到处都是我们此行要看的非洲野生动物。长颈鹿伸着长长的脖子，从最高的树枝上咬下叶子。远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，在平原上缓缓移动。我以前从没见过这样的场景。这的确是地球上最壮观的景象。 我们下了车，提着手提箱和几盒食物进了小屋。我把火腿三明治、香肠和一把香蕉放在一张小木桌上。我回到车里，又拿了些物品。就在那时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐在几米开外的树上，吃着一根香蕉。“太可爱了。”我心想，直到我意识到他吃的正是我的香蕉！他目不转睛地看着我，开心地吃完最后一口。我确定他是在说：“谢谢。”“不客气。”我回答道。 Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1．Where did the writer and his parents begin to notice the Sahara? A．Morocco. 　　　　　　　 B．Merzouga. C．Kenya. D．Mount Kilimanjaro. 2．When did the writer arrive at their desert camp? A．At dawn. B．At lunch. C．At sunset. D．At midnight. 3．How would they travel on 1 July? A．Ride camels. B．Drive a car. C．On foot. D．By bus. 4．Why was our car stuck in the mud? A．Because the road was made from bricks. B．Because there was a small pool of water. C．Because some local people watched us. D．Because my father refused my mother's advice. 5．What animal didn't we notice in Kenya? A．Monkey. B．Elephants. C．Giraffes. D．Camels. 答案　1～5　BCADD 1．resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决 2．elegant adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的→ adv.优雅地；优美地；高雅地→elegance n．高雅；典雅；优雅 3．contrast vi.形成对比vt.对比，对照n.差异，差别；对照物 4．furniture n．家具→furnish v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具→furnished adj.(房屋、房间等)配备家具的 5．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿→starvation n．饥饿→starving adj.饥饿的；挨饿的 6．departure n．离开，起程 7．border n．国界，边界vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 8．parking n．停车；停车位 9．delicacy n．佳肴；谨慎；敏感→delicate adj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的；柔和的；易碎的 10．fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 11．possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→possess vt.拥有 12．intently adv.目不转睛地；热切地，专注地→intent n．意图；目的；含义 adj.专心的；急切的；坚决的 1．on all sides到处 2．make a resolution 下决心；制定计划 3．set off出发 4．be surrounded by被……包围/环绕 5．tower above大大高出；远远胜过 6．beat down (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 7．with interest有兴致地；有兴趣地 8．next to紧挨着 9．line up排列成行；一字排开 10．be alive with充满 11．in the distance在远处 12．get out of从……退出；逃避 1．句型“It was not long before...”没过多久就…… It wasn't long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 不一会儿，我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 2．强调句型“It is/was＋强调部分＋that...” It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. 就在那时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐在几米开外的树上，吃着一根香蕉。 1．furniture n．[U]家具 [教材P9]　Appreciate amazing antiques，including Ming vases and Qing furniture． 参观令人惊叹的古董，包括明代花瓶和清代家具。 (1)furnish v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具；提供，供应 furnish sb./sth.with sth.用……装备……；向……提供/供应…… (2)a piece/an article of furniture 一件家具 a set of furniture 一套家具 (3)furnished adj.(房屋、房间等)配备家具的 be furnished with...备有……，安装有…… (1)In the matter of the arrangement of the furniture she never took her husband's opinion. 在布置家具的问题上，她从不听取她丈夫的意见。 (2)I entered his room and found that it was simply furnished with a bed，a table and two chairs. 我进入他的房间，发现陈设极为简单，只有一张床、一张桌子和两把椅子。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Literature，classical literature，is a beautiful，richly furnished (furnish) room，where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment. ②The young couple didn't have much money to buy some new furniture any more，because they had spent too much in furnishing their house.(furnish) [名师指津]　与furnish...with...同义的短语还有：equip...with...，fit up...with...等。 2．contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 [教材P11]　The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 by contrast 对比之下 contrast with与……形成对照 in contrast to/with和……形成对比；与……形成对照 (1)In contrast to that，we've got the physicalist view. 而物理主义的观点则与之相对。 (2)By contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy work. 相比之下，有一些人是真的喜欢工作。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Mathematicians，by contrast，tend historically towards solitude. ②In contrast to our ignorance of saving food，many people especially those in poverty­stricken areas are suffering from starvation. 3．starve vi.饿死；挨饿；渴望；极需要 vt.使饿死；使挨饿 [教材P11]　I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 (1)starve to death饿死 starve for sth.渴望得到某物 (2)starvation n．饿死 (3)starving adj.饥饿的；挨饿的 (1)At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，特别是在寒冷的冬月，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿。 (2)They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们因在沙漠中迷路而饿死了。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①And in that time，there will be no global war，no mass starvation (starve). ②Everyone starves for help when in trouble. [语境串记]　The starvation is still a very serious problem today.It's said that one in seven people in the world is starving.Fortunately，the UN has taken a lot of measures to protect them from being starved to death. 挨饿的问题在当今仍然是一个非常严重的问题。据说世界上每七个人中就有一个人挨饿。幸运的是，联合国已经采取了许多措施来保护他们以免他们被饿死。 4．possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 [教材P12]　I returned to the car and fetched more possessions． 我回到车里，又拿了些物品。 (1)take/have possession of占有，拥有 in possession of (某人) 占有，拥有 in the possession of sb.＝in one's possession为某人所有 (2)be possessed of拥有，具有，占有 (3)possess vt.具有；控制 (1)You are always going off with my possessions and not giving them back. 你总是拿我的东西却不归还。 (2)The famous tennis player is possessed of great perseverance. 这位著名的网球运动员具有很强的毅力。　 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①He possesses the houses.That is to say，the houses are his personal possessions．(possess) 一句多译 ②这块地为该商人所有。 The land is in the possession of the merchant. ＝The merchant has/takes possession of the land. ＝The merchant is in possession of the land. ＝The merchant is possessed of the land. [名师指津]　possession 作“财产，私有物品”讲时，常用复数形式。 5．[教材P12]　In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。 该部分是独立主格结构。 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。独立主格结构基本构成形式如下： (1)名词(代词)＋动词­ing形式(表示主动和正在进行) (2)名词(代词)＋动词­ed形式(表示被动和已完成) (3)名词(代词)＋动词不定式(表示将要发生的动作) (4)名词(代词)＋形容词/副词/介词短语(用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态) More time given，we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①The girl staring(stare) at him，he didn't know what to say. ②All things considered(consider)，you'd better invite him to your birthday party. ③So much housework to do(do)，my mother will not have time to go shopping this afternoon. 句型转换 ④Her glasses were broken，so she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. →Her glass broken，she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. ⑤Here are the first two volumes and the third one will come out next month. →Here are the first two volumes，the third one to come out next month． 1．The young lady dressed elegantly(elegant) when she went to work. 2．He had been searching for a furnished flat until one day he found one that was well furnished with modern furniture．(furnish) 3．The coastal areas have mild winters，but by contrast the central plains become extremely cold. 4．Millions of people will face starvation(starve) next year as a result of the drought. 5．So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching(fetch) coffee，it will have a strong desire to secure success. 6．Happiness does not consist in how many possessions(possess) you own. 7．When he went up to Clara's chair，he saw Heidi watching him intently(intent). 1．Although the lady looks elegant，actually she is hard to get along with. 尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。 2．After clearing his throat，he make his way to the platform． 清了清嗓子之后，他向讲台走去。 3．Already they were sweating as the sun beat down upon them． 太阳照在他们身上时，他们已经在冒汗了。 4．The man lost his way in the desert and was starved to death． 这个人在沙漠中迷路了，最后饿死了。 5．Time going on，our knowledge broadened. 随着时间的推移，我们的知识越来越丰富。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$