单元限时训练(2) A卷（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

单元限时训练(二)　A卷 [对应学生用书P143] (限时40分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A What's a spacewalk？Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft while in space，it is called a spacewalk.Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons.For example，experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft.This lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things.By going on spacewalks，astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to Earth to fix. When astronauts go on spacewalks，they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.Inside spacesuits，astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe and the water they need to drink.To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe，the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door.When on a spacewalk，astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft.Tethers are like ropes，and connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft.They keep astronauts from floating away into space.Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER.The SAFER is worn like a backpack.It helps an astronaut move around in space. How do astronauts train for spacewalks？One way is by going for a swim.Floating in space is a lot like floating in water.Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool.For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk，astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool.Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟现实).It looks and feels just like a spacewalk. Today，only three countries have finished spacewalks independently.They are Russia，the United States and China.The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia.Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk.The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev.He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员是如何进行太空漫步的。 1．How many ways are used to keep the astronauts safe during spacewalks? A．Two.　　　　　　 B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. C　[细节理解题。第二段描述了太空漫步需要具备的四个安全条件：宇航员必须身穿特殊的宇航服；进出航天器必须通过一个特殊的门；宇航员必须身系链绳；宇航员必须身穿一个形状类似背包的“SAFER”。] 2．What's the meaning of the word “tethers” in Paragraph 2? A．吊篮 B．系绳 C．笼子 D．钩子 B　[词义猜测题。根据后一句“Tethers are like ropes，and connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft.”可知，tethers是像绳子一样的东西，再结合选项提示可推断tether意为“系绳”。] 3．Astronauts train for spacewalks by ． A．floating in space B．using virtual reality C．going on spacewalks outside a spacecraft D．training in water in a common swimming pool B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality.”可知，进行太空漫步训练的方式之一是利用虚拟现实。] B Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation (航空) Centre If you're looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Centre (SAC) is the place to be.The Centre offers programmes designed to challenge and inspire people with hands­on tasks and lots of fun. More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC，with many seeking employment in engineering，aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions.They come to camp，wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot，and they leave with real­world applications for what they're studying in the classroom. For the trainees，the programmes also offer a great way to earn merit badges (荣誉徽章).At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.The Aviation Challenge programme gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge.They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit (驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water­and land­survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot. With all the programmes，teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task. All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18.Families can enjoy the experience together，too，with Family Camp programmes for families with children as young as 7. Stay an hour or stay a week—there is something here for everyone! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了航空航天中心的一个冒险项目。 4．Why do people come to SAC? A．To experience adventures. B．To look for jobs in aviation. C．To get a degree in engineering. D．To learn more about medicine. A　[细节理解题。根据本文标题以及第一段第一句“If you're looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Centre (SAC) is the place to be.”可知，人们去航空航天中心是为了寻找独特的太空冒险项目，故选A。] 5．To earn a Space Exploration badge，a trainee needs to . A．fly to space B．get an Aviation badge first C．study the principles of flight D．build and fire model rockets D　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets”可知，参加培训的人为了得到太空探险荣誉徽章需要建造和发射火箭模型，故选D。] 6．What is the most important for trainees? A．Leadership. B．Team spirit. C．Task planning. D．Survival skills. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段“With all the programmes，teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.”可知，在所有的培训项目中，团队合作精神最为重要，故选B。] Ⅱ.七选五 One key to getting along well with people is knowing when to say you're sorry.But it's hard to apologize. 1 Sometimes we just don't know how to do it.Here are some tips that may make it easier to say you're sorry. 2 The first step in apologizing is to admit to yourself that you have offended someone.And then it's important to let the person you hurt know that you didn't mean to do harm.At the same time，you must show that you take your mistakes seriously.Recognize that your actions caused a problem for the other person. Show your regret.The other person needs to see that you have suffered，too. 3 For instance，“I felt bad the minute I told your secret.I am ashamed of myself.” Repair the damage. 4 If you damaged someone's property，offer to fix it.If the damage isn't so obvious，ask，“What can I do to make it up to you？”There may be nothing concrete(具体的) you can do，but the offer must be sincere.“I'll try to keep my mouth shut in the future.Meanwhile，let me buy you a cup of coffee.”Another way to repair the damage is to send a note or a small gift. Use good timing. 5 For example，if you bump (碰撞) into someone，say you're sorry right away.Don't wait until the next day to apologize.However，if you have done something more serious，like insulting(侮辱) a friend，your apology should be more thoughtful.A quick apology might seem insincere.Take the time to sit down，look the person in the eye，and apologize honestly. Remember，it's not about who “won” or “lost”．It's about keeping a strong friendship. A．Take responsibility and explain. B．An apology must correct the injury. C．Apologize right away for little things. D．Many of us are ashamed or have too much pride. E．Come right out and say you are sorry or ashamed. F．Sometimes little comments or actions can hurt or offend others. G．You may know it right away that you have done something hurtful. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。与他人相处，有时因冒犯到他人要道歉时，我们往往感到手足无措。本文就如何恰当道歉给出了几条行之有效的建议。 1．D　[根据前文“But it's hard to apologize.”可知，空格处承接上文描述的现象，继而说明我们道歉很难的原因。故D项“Many of us are ashamed or have too much pride.”符合文意。] 2．A　[根据首段尾句“Here are some tips that may make it easier to say you're sorry.”及第三段段首句“Show your regret.”可知，这篇文章为总分结构，中间段落的段首句均为祈使句句式结构，陈述建议。又根据下文“The first step in apologizing is to admit to yourself that you have offended someone.”可知，作者告诫我们道歉要有负责任的态度并且诚恳解释。] 3．E　[根据后文“For instance，‘I felt bad the minute I told your secret.I am ashamed of myself.’”可知，作者建议我们勇敢地面对要道歉的人，表达你因为伤害到他们，同样感到煎熬不安。] 4．B　[根据后文“If you damaged someone's property，offer to fix it.”可知，道歉很恰当的方式之一，就是在损害他人财产后，主动提出修理，减少他们的损失。B项“An apology must correct the injury.”符合文意。] 5．C　[根据本段的段首主旨句“Use good timing.”及后文“For example，if you bump into someone，say you're sorry right away.”可知，本段主要讲述道歉的关键还在于时机的选择。当你撞到了别人，要立即道歉。C项“Apologize right away for little things.”意为为小事马上道歉，符合文意。] Ⅲ.完形填空 I was working as a lifeguard at Tower 15 on Newport Beach and two blocks to my right was another guard named Mike，working at Tower 17.He called me over the phone and said，“Hey，I have 1 two kids who are swimming in the dangerous zone.I have to give them a warning.Keep an eye on them.”I said，“Sure.”In case of 2 ，anytime we got out of our tower，we were supposed to inform somebody else. Mike hung up the phone and 3 the lifebuoy (救生圈).Then he realized that these two kids had been 4 and that there was a great tendency for them to be 5 by the wave.Thus，Mike rushed toward the ocean.I 6 the water and all I found was two small heads.The mother of the two kids knelt down on the beach with 7 ． When I dropped my binoculars (望远镜) and reached the mother，Mike was in waist­deep water， 8 the two kids.I turned to the mum and said，“Hey，it's OK.They are safe.”I saw the terror started to 9 ．Then she glanced back and got her first good look at Mike.A new kind of 10 washed over her face as though there was another threat to her kids' lives.She snatched(抢) her kids without 11 ． Mike had some seemingly disturbing behavior，and his shaved head showed a scar.Maybe he had no 12 manners，but his lifesaving ability made up for his unsatisfactory skills in PR (public relation).In the mother's 13 ，Mike was a really terrible guy.However，that couldn't change the fact that he had just 14 her kids. Mike just glanced at me and smiled.As I jogged back to my tower，I promised myself I'd never let my own prejudice prevent me from 15 a hero when I meet one. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。救生员Mike在海边救了两个小孩，孩子们的母亲却因为Mike的外表误以为他是坏人。 1．A.saved　　　　　　 B．spotted C．arrested D．scolded B　[句意：我在望塔上发现两个小孩在危险海域游泳，决定去警告他们。根据下文“I have to give them a warning.Keep an eye on them.”可知，是他的同事发现了两个小孩在危险海域游泳。] 2．A.emergencies B．disasters C．statements D．punishments A　[句意：为了防止突发情况，我们离开望塔时必须让其他救生员知道。根据上文“He called me over the phone and said，‘Hey，I have 1 two kids who are swimming in the dangerous zone.I have to give them a warning.Keep an eye on them.’” 可知，是预防突发情况。] 3．A.repaired B．provided C．seized D．abandoned C　[句意：迈克挂了电话，迅速拿起救生圈。根据语境和常识可知，去海里救人，自然是迅速拿起救生圈，争取时间。] 4．A.struggling B．laughing C．quarreling D．trembling A　[句意：然后他意识到这两个孩子一直在挣扎，他们很有可能被海浪吞没。根据语境和句意可知，孩子们溺水，会在水里挣扎。] 5．A.supported B．directed C．prevented D．swallowed D　[句意见上题解析。孩子掉到海里，很可能会被浪吞没，结合下文的“I 6 the water and all I found was two small heads.”可知，他们很有可能被海浪吞没。] 6．A.explored B．noticed C．reached D．scanned D　[句意：我扫视了一下水面，发现只有两个小脑袋。根据上文的“I have to give them a warning.Keep an eye on them.” 我必须给他们一个警告。注意他们。可知，作者在关注他们，结合句意可知，scanned符合语境。] 7．A.noises B．screams C．beliefs D．gestures B　[句意：两个孩子的母亲尖叫着跪在海滩上。孩子溺水了，母亲应该是非常恐惧的呼喊，因此，用screams符合语境。] 8．A.hiding B．counting C．beating D．carrying D　[句意：当我放下望远镜，走到那位母亲跟前时，迈克正在齐腰深的水里，抱着两个孩子。根据上文语境可知，迈克下水救人，因此，应该是抱着两个孩子。因为此时的孩子已经没有力气了。] 9．A.fade away B．split up C．break down D．come around A　[句意：我看到恐惧开始消失。根据上文“Hey，it's OK.They are safe.”可知，母亲听到这句话，不再那么害怕了。] 10．A.surprise B．regret C．panic D．doubt C　[句意：一种新的恐慌掠过她的脸，仿佛她的孩子们的生命又受到了威胁。根据本句的“as though there was another threat to her kids' lives”可知，她感到恐慌。] 11．A.purpose B．appreciation C．expectation D．discrimination B　[句意：她毫无感激地抢走了她的孩子。根据上文“一种新的恐慌掠过她的脸”可知，迈克救了她的孩子，她本该是感激，但是并没有去感谢。] 12．A.elegant B．positive C．unpleasant D．aggressive A　[句意：也许他没有优雅的举止，但他的救生能力弥补了他不令人满意的公关技巧。根据“his shaved head showed a scar”可知，此处是指举止不优雅。] 13．A.judgement B．experience C．description D．application A　[句意：在这位母亲看来，迈克真是个可怕的家伙。根据上文对迈克的容貌描述可知，此处是母亲的判断。] 14．A.comforted B．rescued C．condemned D．frightened B　[句意：然而，这并不能改变他刚救了她孩子的事实。根据上文语境可知，迈克救了她的孩子。] 15．A.rejecting B．representing C．remembering D．recognizing D　[句意：当我慢跑回到我的塔上时，我向自己保证，当我遇到一个英雄时，我绝不会让自己的偏见阻止我认可他。根据上文语境可知，迈克救了孩子，他们的母亲却没有感激，此处是作者的感触，惋惜那位母亲不识英雄。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$