单元限时训练(1) A卷（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

单元限时训练(一)　A卷 [对应学生用书P119] (限时40分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Long Beach，a 28­mile area of beach，lies in southwestern Washington，and is generally called Long Beach Peninsula.Communities there take you back to old days of a simple life.Here，visitors can relax and enjoy the good of a total rest. Bird watching There are different kinds of birds on Long Beach.It's best if you watch them from a distance and don't try to frighten them.The Southwest Loop Route Map can be got through the Long Beach Peninsula Visitors Office by calling 1­800­451­2542. Horses A popular activity on Long Beach is horseback riding.Two businesses in the city of Long Beach offer guided horseback tours along the beach: Black Country Wilderness Outfitters and Skipper's Equestrian Center.You may also bring your own horse.Among the adventures offered with horses is a wagon (四轮马车) ride along the beach，a carriage ride through Seaview or Long Beach，a back country pack trip，or a sunset ride by horseback on the beach. Camping RV(活动房屋式旅游车) and tent camping aren't allowed on the beach.Camp fires are allowed within 100 feet off the beach，but must be away from the dry grass. Swimming and other activities Swimming is allowed，but you must be careful.The waters are very cold and dangerous.Surfing(冲浪) is advised only for experienced surfers.Beach driving is allowed at certain areas on the beach.The speed limit is 25 mph.Building sand castles，digging sand to find something，riding bicycles and flying kites are also popular activities in the area. Enjoy your trip to Long Beach，Washington! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Long Beach这个旅游胜地及其各类度假活动的相关信息。 1．Which of the following is allowed on Long Beach? A．Sleeping in your tent. B．Digging sand to find something. C．Setting camp fires far away from the beach. D．Driving at the speed of 30 mph along the beach. B　[细节理解题。根据Camping部分中的“RV (活动房屋式旅游车) and tent camping aren't allowed on the beach.Camp fires are allowed within 100 feet off the beach，but must be away from the dry grass.(沙滩上不允许露营房车和帐篷。营火可以在离海滩100英尺的范围内进行，但必须远离干燥的草地)”可知，帐篷露营不被允许，篝火必须远离干草地，而非沙滩，故A、C都不被允许；根据Swimming and other activities部分中的“Beach driving is allowed at certain areas on the beach.The speed limit is 25 mph.Building sand castles，digging sand to find something，riding bicycles and flying kites are also popular activities in the area.(在海滩的某些地方，可在沙滩上驾驶。车速限制是每小时25英里。建沙堡，挖沙找东西，骑自行车和放风筝也是该地区的流行活动)”可知，D项描述错误，B项正确。] 2．Which of the following might be the best title? A．The scenery of Long Beach B．Long Beach，the longest beach C．Long Beach，an unforgettable place D．Travel information about Long Beach D　[标题概括题。根据第一段中的“Long Beach，a 28­mile area of beach，lies in southwestern Washington，and is generally called Long Beach Peninsula.(长滩位于华盛顿西南部，占地28英里，通常被称为长滩半岛)”及对各种旅游活动的介绍可知，这篇短文主要介绍了长滩的各种旅游活动的相关信息。由此可知，Travel information about Long Beach适合作本文最佳标题。] 3．The passage is most probably taken from ． A．a travel guide B．a news report C．a travel journal (日志) D．a research paper A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Here，visitors can relax and enjoy the good of a total rest.(游客们可以在这里放松和享受良好的休息)”及文章内容可知，本文都是关于一些旅游活动的介绍。由此推知，文章应该出自一本旅游指南。] B (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground­breaking, five­year study shows that diet­related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large. Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter­gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人类语音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联研究。 4．Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on? A.Its variety.　　　 B．Its distribution. C．Its quantity. D．Its development. D　[推断。题干问的是“Damián Blasi 的研究集中在人类语音的哪个方面？”，通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，Damián Blasi 的研究集中在语音的发展。] 5．Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals? A．They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B．They could not open and close their lips easily. C．Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D．Their lower front teeth were not large enough. C　[理解具体信息。题干问的是“为什么古代成年人很难产生唇齿音？”，根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的第三段。根据第三段的内容可知，他们发现古代成人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难产生唇齿音，而唇齿音由下唇接触上牙产生。之后，我们下巴的结构变成了覆咬合结构，这让我们更容易产生这样的声音。由此可推知，他们的下巴构造使他们很难发出唇齿音。] 6．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Supporting evidence for the research results. B．Potential application of the research findings. C．A further explanation of the research methods. D．A reasonable doubt about the research process. A　[理解段落主旨要义。题干问的是“第五段主要讲述了什么？”，根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的第五段。由第五段内容可知，对语言数据库的分析也证实，新石器时代之后，国际语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。第五段主要列出一些可以使研究结果更令人信服的证据。] 7．What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds? A．It is key to effective communication. B．It contributes much to cultural diversity. C．It is a complex and dynamic system. D．It drives the evolution of human beings. C　[理解观点、态度。题干问的是“Steven Moran对人类语音有什么看法？”，根据题干可将解题信息定位到文章的最后一段。Steven Moran认为：自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，今天我们发现的各种语音都是像生物变化和文化进化等事物相互作用的产物。由此可推知，它是一个复杂的动态系统。 ] Ⅱ.七选五 Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air.However，a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. 1 Many people say running in winter can be difficult.Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. 2 That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body.When you run in cold weather，your heart rate and the body's dehydration (脱水) levels are lower than in warmer conditions. 3 This information comes from John Brewer，who is a professor of applied sport science at St.Mary's.For this study，he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an“environmental chamber”．The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room. 4 Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners. He says that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing.Wear gloves on your hands. 5 And especially wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin. A．Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather. B．We have good reasons to run in winter. C．Wear shoes that will keep you from falling. D．Many feel nervous when running in the cold weather. E．The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather. F．In fact，running in cold weather helps improve one's performance. G．The test subjects were asked to run 10，000 meters under both conditions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。寒冷的天气会阻止很多人跑步。研究人员通过研究发现在寒冷的冬天跑步要比夏天更能够提高人们的身体机能。文章对此项研究做了详细说明。 1．F　[考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“然而，一项新研究表明，气温下降是跑步的绝佳时机”，分析选项可知，此句与F项(事实上，在寒冷的天气中跑步有利于改善身体机能)与此空意义是一致的。因此F项符合题意，故选F。] 2．A　[考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据下文的内容“这是因为低温环境能够降低身体的压力，与温暖的环境相比，在寒冷的环境下跑步，你的心率和身体的脱水程度更低。”可知，冬天跑步比夏天容易。分析选项可知A项(然而，还有许多跑步者发现严冬时节跑步比炎夏季节更容易)符合题意，故选A。] 3．E　[考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“在寒冷的环境下跑步，你的心率和身体的脱水程度更低”可得出“寒冷的环境下，身体需要的水分相对来说比较少”。分析选项可知E项(与温暖的天气相比，寒冷的天气身体需要的水更少)，故选E。] 4．G　[考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“研究人员在房间里模拟夏天和冬天的环境。”可知，“他们要求受试者在两种环境(冬天和夏天)下跑完10，000米”，分析选项可知G项符合题意，故选G。] 5．C　[考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。通读本段可知，本段主要叙述对于在寒冷环境下跑步的人来说，最重要的是穿着。分析选项可知C项(穿上防滑鞋子以免摔倒)与其意义一致。根据上文“对于在寒冷条件下跑步的人来说，最重要的是穿合适的衣服；戴上手套； 。”分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。] Ⅲ.完形填空 Never have I learned as much English in my life as I did last year.It was because of Ms.Ben and I truly 1 what she was doing.It might not seem as a big deal to some，but to me it is.I have never met a woman so 2 and so determined to teach her students. I never really wanted to work for good 3 in English class.I never knew how to study English and never understood some of the grammars.I can remember trying to stealthily get out of the classroom before Ms.Ben 4 me and shouted across the classroom，“Samanta，are you coming to extra help during lunch？” It was a nightmare—she would always caught me with my one 5 out of the door，it never failed.Even then I just thought of it as a thing I had to do.It was funny to see how everyone would be in her room during lunch and then again after school.She would 6 everyone to come every day，just so we could do our homework in peace. Many of the students thought of her as a bit of nag (啰嗦)，but inside they knew that she was right and 7 her.Many of her tests were hard at first，but as the year 8 ，so did I．I knew that it was because of her. Even outside class，she was caring as ever.She always wanted to know what was going on in my (and everyone else's) life，and she was always looking for everyone's best interest. Ms.Ben is a 9 woman with a sense of humor that you just have to laugh at.When exams were approaching，she was more 10 than ever about everyone doing well.Many of her previous students scored high，and so she 11 the same from us.Day after day there were students in the classroom 12 problems.When it was time for our big test，I knew I was ready.I walked out of that test with my head 13 ．I knew that I was a 14 and Ms.Ben had made me that way.I thanked all the hard work that she put into 15 me and my fellow students. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的英语老师Ben无论课内课外都负责又体贴，在她的帮助下，自己和班里的其他小伙伴都取得了巨大进步，作者发自内心的感谢老师。 1．A.admitted　　　　　　　　 B．appreciated C．understood D．amazed B　[句意：正是因为Ben老师，我真的很感激她所做的一切。A.admitted承认；B.appreciated感激；C.understood理解；D.amazed惊奇。根据下文Ben老师所做的事对作者很重要，和文章最后一句“I thanked all the hard work that she put into 15 me and my fellow students”．“我”感谢她为塑造“我”和“我”的同学们所付出的努力，可知作者是很感谢Ben老师的。] 2．A.caring B．funny C．interesting D．clever A　[句意：我从未见过如此关心学生、如此有决心教育她的学生的老师。A.caring关心的；B.funny搞笑的；C.interesting有趣的；D.clever聪明的。结合下文“so determined to teach her students”如此有决心教育她的学生，可以推断Ben老师是关心学生的。] 3．A.life B．salary C．grades D．subjects C　[句意：我从来没有想过要在英语课上取得好成绩。A.life生活；B.salary工资；C.grades成绩；D.subjects学科。结合上文“I never really wanted to work ”和下文“in English class”可知，作者从未想过在英语课上取得好成绩。] 4．A.beat B．corrected C．caught D．avoided C　[句意：我记得我当时想偷偷溜出教室，不料被Ben老师抓住了，她在教室的另一头对我喊道：“Samanta，你要不要在午饭时间来加课？”A.beat打败；B.corrected纠正；C.caught抓住；D.avoided避免。结合上文“I can remember trying to stealthily get out of the classroom”作者偷溜出教室可知，作者是为了不被Ben老师逮住。] 5．A.foot B．hand C．finger D．ear A　[句意：那是一场噩梦——她总是抓住我踏在门外的一只脚，屡试不爽。A.foot脚；B.hand手；C.finger手指；D.ear耳朵。结合下文“out of the door”可知，此处指的是在门外的一只脚。] 6．A.forgive B．encourage C．laugh D．wave B　[句意：她会鼓励大家每天都来，这样我们就可以安静地做作业了。A.forgive原谅；B.encourage鼓励；C.laugh大笑；D.wave挥手。结合上文可知，Ben老师十分关心学生，乐意帮助学生，可以推断此处为鼓励学生午饭时间到自己的办公室来。] 7．A.praised B．asked C．allowed D．respected D　[句意：许多学生认为她有点唠叨，但他们心里知道她是对的，并且尊重她。A.praised称赞；B.asked询问；C.allowed允许；D.respected尊重。我们知道老师是对的，可以推断此处为尊重老师。] 8．A.lived B．progressed C．shared D．removed B　[句意：一开始，她的很多考试都很难，但随着时间的推移，我也变了。A.lived居住；B.progressed进步，发展；C.shared分享；D.removed去除。结合上文as the year可知是指随着时间的推移，progress在此处的主语为year，应理解为“(时间)推移”。] 9．A.sweet B．serious C．terrible D．painful A　[句意：Ben老师也是一个亲切的女人，她的幽默感让你不得不笑。A.sweet亲切的；B.serious严肃的；C.terrible可怕的；D.painful痛苦的。结合下文Ben老师有让人发笑的幽默感，因为幽默，所以让人感到她是一个亲切的女人。] 10．A.relaxed B．patient C．worried D．concerned D　[句意：然而，当考试临近时，她比以往任何时候都更关心每个人是否能考好。A.relaxed放松的；B.patient有耐心的；C.worried担心的；D.concerned关心的。根据上文可知，Ben老师很关心学生，可以推断此处应为关心我们是否能考好。] 11．A.expected B．received C．waited D．dreamed A　[句意：她以前的许多学生都得了高分，所以她希望我们也能得高分。A.expected期待；B.received收到；C.waited等待；D.dreamed梦想。Ben老师以前的许多学生成绩都很好，所以她也期望我们也能一样取得好成绩。] 12．A.selling B．reviewing C．making D．answering B　[句意：学生们日复一日地在教室里复习。A.selling出售；B.reviewing复习，回顾；C.making制作；D.answering回答。结合上文考试临近，故学生们日复一日在教室里复习。] 13．A.low B．below C．high D．down C　[句意：我昂着头走出了考场。A.low低的；B.below在……下面；C.high高的；D.down失望的。结合上文可知，作者知道自己准备好了，因此考得很好，所以此处为昂着头走出了考场。] 14．A.teacher B．student C．success D．fool C　[句意：我知道我成功了，Ben老师让我成功了。A.teacher老师；B.student学生；C.success成功；D.fool傻瓜。结合上文“When it was time for our big test，I knew I was ready.”可知作者知道自己准备好了，知道自己成功了。] 15．A.crying B．laughing C．fixing D．shaping D　[句意：我感谢她为塑造我和我的同学们所做的一切努力。 A．crying哭泣；B.laughing大笑；C.fixing修理；D.shaping塑造。结合上文Ben老师为作者和其他同学所做的一切努力，可以推断，是为了塑造出更好的他们。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$