课时梯级训练(11) Section Ⅲ Using Language & Other Parts（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

课时梯级训练(十一)　Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Other Parts Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Dozens of enterprises have submitted their plans to reduce their carbon footprint in the past ten days. 2．Third，it is a healthy lifestyle and will help create a harmonious(harmony) social atmosphere. 3．So far a number of players have_been_fined(fine) for the unfair match. 4．The party has announced a platform for those political and economic reforms(reform). 5．With time going by，the woman is becoming more and more tolerant(tolerate). 6．Yoga refers to traditional physical and mental disciplines originating(originate) in India. 7．In this state，every car must be inspected annually(annual) by the highway patrol. 8．It was written in 1946，since when the education system has_undergone(undergo) great changes. 9．The girl felt that she should contribute to the household finances. 10．Visitors must present all carried items for necessary inspection(inspect) upon entry. 11．Natural conservation (conserve) areas are set up to protect endangered species from extinction. 12．Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection，the wetland has_been_restored (restore) to its original appearance recently. Ⅱ.赏句猜义 1．The doctor recommended a low calorie diet and suggested some moderate exercises I could do at home.适度的 2．Anyone who is interested in the art show is supposed to submit your works at the school office before the deadline.提交 3．Sensitive and shy，he always wore turtleneck shirts.敏感的 4．Originating from China，Chinese tea has been enjoying a long history and popularity all over the world.起源；发源 5．Due to the large volume of letters he receives，Dave regrets he is unable to answer queries personally.量 6．Bomb disposal experts exploded the device under controlled conditions.清除；去掉；处理 Ⅲ.根据本单元所学知识完成句子 1．他骑着自行车沿路而去，那只狗在后面跟着跑。(with复合结构) He cycled off down the road with_the_dog_running_behind． 2．它的突然出现吓到了我的马，使它疯狂地跑出了跑道。(现在分词作结果状语) Its abrupt appearance scared my horse，making_it_run_off_the_track_wildly． 3．据说这架相机是她父亲传下来的，她非常珍惜。(It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句) It_was_said_that_the_camera_was_passed_down_from_her_father and she cherished it a lot. 4．既然我知道问题是什么，我就可以设法克服它。(now that) Now_that_I_know_what_the_problem_is，I can try to overcome it. 5．我谨代表学生会提出一个节约校园用水的建议。 On_behalf_of_the_Students'_Union，I'd like to put forward a proposal to save water on our campus. Ⅳ.七选五阅读 (2024·徐州高二期末)There are a lot of chemicals that can cause indoor air pollution.A recent project conducted has found over 900 different substances in our home are related to it.Many researchers have already examined the causes of indoor air pollution.1.______ It has been proved that different kinds of chemicals can be released by building materials and new furniture.Everything from painting and decorating products，bathroom cleaners and beauty products can contain these chemicals.2.______ For instance，cooking generates a lot of harmful emissions，like frying meat in oil. As a research from Denmark has highlighted，cooking，particularly roasting can damage our body.Roast dinners contain many potentially harmful pollutants.3.______ When exposed to cooking emissions，people actually had DNA damage.It can be associated with cell repair processes that trigger cancer­causing genetic changes.4.______ And what can we do with it? As far as cooking emissions are concerned，no one is suggesting switching to takeaways.5.______ For example，cooking meat at high temperatures with lots of fat produces more harmful emissions than boiling pasta.Besides，opening windows and using cooker hoods are preferable so that we can enjoy the roasted meat without those undesirable effects. A．In the long run，these changes lead to cancer. B．They might also arise from cooking at home. C．A wide range of sources are under investigation. D.Therefore，what results from indoor air pollution? E．However，most of us have ignored their bad effects. F．So，what are the main contributors to poor air quality? G．But we can change how we cook to deal with the emissions. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了室内空气污染的原因以及建议。 1．F　[解析]上文提到“许多研究人员已经研究了室内空气污染的原因”，空处需要引出下文对造成室内空气污染的主要因素的探讨。F项“那么，空气质量差的主要原因是什么？”承接上文，故选F。 2．B　[解析]根据下文“For instance，cooking generates a lot of harmful emissions，like frying meat in oil.”可知，烹饪也会导致室内空气质量差。B项与上文的different kinds of chemicals相呼应，指出烹饪也可能是室内空气污染的一个来源。因此B项作为过渡句，能够自然地将话题从建筑材料和家具转向烹饪产生的污染，故选B。 3．E　[解析]上文提到了“烤肉大餐含有许多潜在的有害污染物”，下文提到“暴露在烹饪排放物中的确会损伤人体DNA”。E项中的However表示转折，指出尽管烹饪可能产生有害排放物，但大多数人却忽视了这些不良影响。这个转折符合逻辑，呼应上文中的potentially harmful和下文中的actually，为后文提供了讨论的基础，强调了认识和解决这个问题的紧迫性。故选E。 4．A　[解析]上文提到“烹饪排放物会损伤人体DNA，这可能与引发致癌基因变化的细胞修复过程有关”，空处承接上文，指出这些变化可能会致癌。A项符合语境，其中these changes对应空前genetic changes，故选A。 5．G　[解析]上文提到“没有人建议因为烹饪排放问题而转向外卖食品”，紧接着用转折词“但是”引出一种解决方案，即改变烹饪方式来应对排放物问题。下文举例表明，改变烹饪方式可以减少有害排放物的产生。G项符合语境，故选G。 Ⅴ.完形填空 It's 6：15 a．m.on a school day，and Jocelyn Murzycki has two kids and she needs to get out the door in an hour.As the sky begins to __1__，Murzycki doesn't manage a few more minutes of sleep.__2__，she's heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog—a run to __3__ litter. First，the __4__ are: a litter grabber (垃圾夹具) and a reusable shopping bag，one side for landfill (废物填埋) and the other for __5__．Covering herself up，Murzycki jogs __6__ down Main Street，stopping briefly to pick up a plastic cup.She usually needs to stop halfway through her 20­minute run to __7__ her bag.Within a few hours the street will look littered again.But she isn't __8__ —it just adds fuel to her plogging fire. The word “plogging” comes from plogga，a __9__ of two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog.The activity was __10__ by Erik Ahlstrom.When he moved to Stockholm，he felt __11__ at the amount of litter in the streets and began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs.Now Mr.Ahlstrom is traveling the world，making the __12__ of plogging known to the public.In the U．S.，social media and running groups are __13__ people to get out and plog: the “plogging” tag(标签) alone has more than 40，000 posts. Murzycki has been doing this for a few years even before the trend hit the U．S.“It really is super __14__ if you go out every single day and just pick up litter，” she says.But she has figured out how to make it fun by jogging with friends and adding the __15__in which every time she finds a tiny glass bottle，she adds one push­up(俯卧撑). 1．A.lighten B．snow C．clear D．darken 2．A.Thus B．Otherwise C．Nevertheless D．Instead 3．A.pay for B．seek for C．account for D．fight for 4．A.samples B．types C．possessions D．necessities 5．A.recycling B．updating C．sorting D．donating 6．A.appropriately B．purposefully C．personally D．flexibly 7．A.pack B．drop C．empty D．search 8．A.discovered B．accepted C．prevented D．persuaded 9．A.collection B．comparison C．connection D．combination 10．A.controlled B．challenged C．launched D．joined 11．A.confused B．astonished C．amused D．hopeless 12．A.benefits B．features C．rules D．consequences 13．A.requiring B．inspiring C．reminding D．warning 14．A.shameful B．relaxing C．depressing D．false 15．A.exercise B．value C．weight D．training 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Jocelyn Murzycki一边慢跑一边捡垃圾的故事，在享受乐趣的同时，还为保护环境尽了一份力。 1．A　[解析]根据上文“It's 6：15 a．m.”可知，早上的时候天会逐渐变亮。lighten (使)变明亮；snow下雪；clear清理，清除；darken (使)变暗。故选A。 2．D　[解析]根据下文she's heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog可知，她没有多睡几分钟，相反，她出去跑步捡垃圾。thus因此；otherwise否则；nevertheless不过； instead相反。故选D。 3．B　[解析]根据下文“First，the __4__ are: a litter grabber and a reusable shopping bag”可推知，她去街上寻找垃圾、捡垃圾。pay for支付；seek for寻找；account for解释；fight for为……战斗。故选B。 4．D　[解析]根据下文a litter grabber and a reusable shopping bag可知，一个垃圾夹具和一个可重复利用的购物袋是去街上捡垃圾所需要的必要工具。sample样品；type类型；possession所有物；necessity必需品。故选D。 5．A　[解析]根据one side for landfill可知，此处是指口袋的另一边装可回收的垃圾。recycle回收利用；update更新；sort分类；donate捐赠。故选A。 6．B　[解析]根据上文“__2__，she's heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog — a run to __3__ litter.”可推知，Murzycki有目的地慢跑主要是为了捡垃圾。appropriately适当地；purposefully有目的地；personally亲自；flexibly灵活地。故选B。 7．C　[解析]根据上文a reusable shopping bag可知，Murzycki只带了一个购物袋，跑步过程中不断回收垃圾，那么袋子自然而然会满，需要清空。pack打包，包装；drop落下，掉下；empty倒空，腾空；search搜索。故选C。 8．C　[解析]根据下文it just adds fuel to her plogging fire可知，街上又出现的垃圾并没有给她带来阻力，而是带来了动力。discover 发现；accept接受；prevent阻止；persuade说服。故选C。 9．D　[解析]根据下文“...two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog”可知，plogging是两个单词组合形成的一个单词。collection收集；comparison比较；connection连接；combination组合，结合。故选D。 10．C　[解析]根据下文“When he moved to Stockholm，he felt __11__ at the amount of litter ...while out for runs.”可知，当Erik Ahlstrom搬到斯德哥尔摩时，他对街上垃圾的数量感到震惊，并开始召集朋友在外出跑步时清理社区。由此推知，这项活动是由Erik Ahlstrom发起的。control控制；challenge挑战；launch发起；join加入。故选C。 11．B　[解析]根据下文“...began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs”可知，Erik Ahlstrom召集朋友在外出跑步时清理社区。由此可推知，他对街上的垃圾数量感到震惊。confused困惑的； astonished感到惊讶的；amused被逗乐的；hopeless没有希望的。故选B。 12．A　[解析]根据上文内容及下文“social media and running groups are __13__ people to get out and plog”可知，plogging指一边锻炼一边捡垃圾，既有利于健康也保护了环境，故此处指他向公众宣传plogging的好处。benefit益处；feature特色；rule规则；consequence结果。故选A。 13．B　[解析]根据 “...people to get out and plog”可推知，在美国，人们被鼓励走出去参与这项活动。require要求；inspire鼓舞；remind提醒；warn警告。故选B。 14．C　[解析]根据下文“But she has figured out how to make it fun ...”可知，下文句意发生了转折，本空格应填入与fun意义相反的词，depressing“令人沮丧的”符合题意。shameful可耻的；relaxing令人轻松的；depressing令人沮丧的；false错误的。故选C。 15．A　[解析]根据该句中的jogging和push­up可知，她通过增加锻炼来使plogging变得有趣。exercise锻炼；value价值；weight重量；training训练。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$