精品解析：天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考试题

塘沽一中2024—2025学年度第二学期 高二年级第一次统练英语学科试题 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分20分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man going to do? A. Go for a swim. B. Go to the Art Museum with the woman. C. Listen to a lecture about Chinese painting. 2. Where are the two speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a railway station. C. In a bookstore. 3. Where is the man now' A. In Xi' an. B. In Beijing. C. In Haikou. 4. What does the woman want to buy? A. A yellow shirt. B. A dark shirt. C. A dark coat. 5. Which is the woman's mobile phone number? A. 13963789053 . B. 13966789050 . C. 13966789053 . 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Husband and wife. 7. On which channel is the baseball game on? A. Channel 2. B. Channel 6. C. Channel 8. 8. What does the woman agree to see at last? A. The baseball match. B. A western film. C. An American film. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。 9. What are the two speakers talking about? A. How to become a millionaire. B. How to spend money. C Collecting stamps. 10. What can we know about the man? A. He doesn't like the stamps his father gave him. B. He has made many friends by collecting stamps. C. He has traveled to many places. 11. What does the woman want to do? A. Collect stamps from now on. B. Buy some stamps from the man C. Buy a book on stamps. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。 12. Who are most/ probably attending the speech' A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Workers. 13. How many reasons does the speaker give to/ prove, she is fit for the position? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 14. When did the speaker join the environmental club? A. Last year. B. 2 years ago. C.3 years ago. 15. Why does the speaker want to give up the environmental club? A. She wants to put her heart into the new position. B. She doesn't like the club now. C. She must spend more time on her studies. 二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —Fancy meeting you here, Mary. We’ve not seen each other since we graduated from college. —__________. We’ve lost contact for almost three and a half years. A. You bet B. Cheer up C. Good for you D. With pleasure 2. The manager, along with his team, __________ for the train for over 40 minutes, but it still hasn’t arrived. A. had waited B. is waiting C. has been waiting D. have been waiting 3. The young man has a strong __________ to become a scientist in the future. A. solution B. ambition C. admission D. devotion 4. The old workers are doing their best to pass __________ their techniques to the younger generation. A. off B. on C. away D. through 5. The school __________ with reading lessons and taught them to guess the meaning of new words. A. kept pace B. boosted students' confidence C. brought students back to life D. thought outside the box 6. __________ Benjamin Franklin put it, “A house is not a home unless it contains food and fire for the mind as well as the body.” A. What B. As C. Where D. Which 7. From my perspective, the problem is __________ he can find a new job. A. who B. when C. that D. what 8. Everyone has been extremely fascinated with the delicate antique __________ back to the 17th century ever since it turned up. A. dated B. to date C. dating D. dates 9. The reason __________ he explained was not convincing. A. that B. when C. why D. where 10. He will never make progress in math __________ he really wants to learn it. A. once B. as long as C. unless D. in case 11. The club welcomes all new members, __________ age and sex. A. regardless of B. in contrast to C. in addition to D. thanks to 12. The curriculum (课程) should be updated to make it more __________ to the needs of the 21st-century workforce. A. reliable B. relevant C. remarkable D. convenient 13. — Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. White? — __________. I cannot manage without you. A. Forget it B. By all means C. It depends D. You said it 14. The new software is designed to work __________. Even beginners can use it without any difficulty. A. efficiently B. independently C. uncomplicatedly D. skillfully 15. John looks very tired. He __________ up very late last night. A. must stay B. must have stayed C. should have stayed D. could stay 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets ___16___ him, especially those who are ___17___. For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that ___18___? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But he’s ___19___. His briefcase always has some gloves. In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not ___20___ like other New Yorkers, who ___21___ the street, striving for their own lives. He looks around at ___22___. He stops when he ___23___ someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he ___24___ looking for more people with cold ____25____. On winter days, Mr. Greenberg ____26____ gloves. During the rest of the year, he ____27____ gloves. People who have heard about him ____28____ him gloves, and he has many in his apartment. Mr. Greenberg ____29____ doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and ____30____ his behavior. But people who don’t know him are sometimes ____31____ him. They don’t realize that he just wants to make them ____32____. It runs in the ____33____. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the ____34____. A pair of gloves may be a ____35____ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. 16. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after 17. A. exhausted B. hardworking C. talented D. poor 18. A. occupation B. name C. chance D. message 19. A. abnormal B. different C. heartfelt D. curious 20. A. act B. reveal C. assume D. dress 21. A. come across B. go through C. hurry down D. keep off 22. A. cars B. people C. street numbers D. traffic lights 23. A. helps B. chooses C. greets D. encounters 24. A. holds up B. persists in C. moves on D. turns around 25. A. hands B. expressions C. faces D. hearts 26. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on 27. A. browses B. distributes C. returns D. purchases 28. A. owe B. send C. lend D. show 29. A. delayed B. kept C. began D. risked 30. A. understand B. imitate C. advocate D. excuse 31. A. merciful to B. satisfied with C. skeptical of D. surprised by 32. A. outstanding B. wealthy C. special D. happy 33. A. history B. family C. neighborhood D. company 34. A. honor B. pain C. same D. cold 35 A. small B. precious C. delightful D. comforting 四、阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Henry Raeburn (1756-1823） The Exhibition This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free. An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15:00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13:10 JUDY EGERTON Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13:10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov.,13:10 MARTIN POSTLE Exhibition Times Monday-Saturday 10:00 — 17:45 Sunday 12:00 — 17:45 Last admission to the exhibition: 17:15. There is no re-admission. Closed: 24 — 26 December and 1 January. Admission £4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted/ free Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of£2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in, organised groups with teachers. 36. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries? A. Sun.26 Oct. B. Thurs.30 Oct. C. Thurs.6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov. 37. If you only leave time on 26 Oct, which lecture will you attend? A. An Introduction to Raeburn B. Raeburn’s English Contemporaries C. Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits D. Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century 38. Which of the following is right? A. Henry Raeburn is an American painter. B. You should pay for the lecture to be held in the Lecture room. C. You cannot go to the exhibition on December 26. D. You can be admitted to the exhibition after 17:15. 39. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?. A. £4. B. £8. C. £12. D. £16. 40. How can full-time students get group discounts? A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools. C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them. B My name is Jaimic Eckert and I’ve been into volunteer work since childhood. As a girl, I volunteered at animal shelters, played music at nursing homes, and helped with community cleanup after disasters. In college, I volunteered heavily at a large yearly conference for young adults, which is where I fell in love with my husband-to-be, who was on my team of co-volunteers. Since getting married in 2013, we’ve been living in Beirut, Lebanon. I actually have an online coaching business but I’ve had many opportunities to volunteer with projects for Syrian refugees(难民) and youth education. Volunteering has been a way of life for me for a very long time, and I wouldn’t do it if I didn’t enjoy it. Most of the time, you do feel that you’re making a difference. Once I was leading out a project that provided food boxes to Syrian refugee families. When it was nearing Ramadan, the biggest holiday season in Islam, I literally stuffed the food package with extra treats...dates, nuts, olive oil and sweets. We took the package unannounced and ended up arriving just as the Syrian family was sitting down on their floor for breakfast. They had nothing more than a few pieces of bread and a pot of tea. The mother was in tears as she received us. I’ll never forget their gratitude. Another time back when I was in college in the US, a group of friends and I volunteered to drive to a distant church that was way out in the suburb and had only a few elderly members. The building was in disrepair and the churchyard needed attention. We stayed the weekend in the home of one of these old ladies so we could clean and repair the church. I’ll never forget how new life sparkled in her eyes. She couldn’t repair broken doors or pull weeds, but her love for us was unmatched. It breaks my heart to remember this old lady beaming with joy for such small efforts that we made. Sometimes, volunteer work is fulfilling not because of the actual job you get done, but because of how your presence impacts the people around you. Volunteering makes me a better person because it gets me outside of myself. It puts my focus on others. It makes me grateful for what I have. 41. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________. A. provide an explanation B. introduce a topic C. reach a conclusion D. propose a definition 42. What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A. We brought food to Syrian families. B. Ramadan is the most important holiday season in Islam. C. Volunteering affects people in some way. D. Volunteering is a way of Eckert’s life. 43. Why was the old lady happy? A. Because finally someone came to comfort them in the church. B. Because she could clean and repair the church with us. C. Because of our presence and help. D. Because we made efforts to entertain her. 44. What message does the story convey? A. Eckert’s volunteer dream. B. What volunteering means to Eckert. C. How volunteering has changed Eckert’s life. D. Eckert volunteers for Syrian refugees. 45. What is the author’s attitude towards volunteering? A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Indifferent. D. Positive. C Calories are a way of keeping track of the body's energy budget. A healthy balance occurs when we put in about as much energy as we lose. If we consistently put more energy into our bodies than we bum, the excess will gradually be stored as fat in our cells, and well gain weight. If we bum off more energy than we replenish, well lose weight. But how many calories do we actually need? Calorie is just the unit we use to measure the energy we take in or bum. Calories are used in three ways: about 10% enables digestion, about 20% fuels physical activity, and the biggest part, around 70%, supports the basic functions of our organs. That third usage corresponds to your basal metabolic rate (基础代谢率), a number of calories you would need to survive if you weren't eating or moving around. According to the official guidelines, average person requires each day 2000 calories for women and 2500 for men. Those estimates are based on factors like average weight, physical activity and muscle mass. So does that mean everyone should take in around 2000 calories? Not necessarily. If you're doing an energy consuming activity, like cycling the Tour de France, your body could use up to 9000 calories per day Pregnancy requires slightly more calories than usual, and elderly people typically have a slower metabolic rate, energy is burned more gradually, so less is needed. And one thing you should also know. The calorie counts on nutrition labels measure how much energy the food contains, not how much energy you can actually get out of it, Fibrous (纤维的) foods like celery and whole wheat take more energy to digest, so you'd actually absorb less energy from 100 calorie serving of celery than a 100 calorie serving of potato chips. Not to mention the fact that some foods offer nutrients like protein and vitamins, while others provide far less nutritional value. Eating too many of those foods could leave you overweight and malnourished. And even with the exact same food, different people might not get the same number of calories. So a calorie is a useful energy measure, but to work out exactly how many of them each of us requires, we need to factor in things like exercise, food type, and our body's ability to process energy. 46. What is Calorie according to the passage? A. A unit of measurement to the energy people get or consume. B. The food people eat and digest. C. The unit for people to count weight. D. The way people to measure nutrition. 47. One can lose weight, if________. A. less food is eaten than before B. doing exercise every day C. more energy is fueled than taken in D. one keeps energy balanced 48. Which fact is true according to the passage? A. The excess of calories will gradually turn into cells. B. Most of the calories will help people with digestion. C. When staying still no calorie will be needed. D. The biggest amount of energy will go to support body organs. 49. The author may agree that________. A. potato chips are hard to digest B. the food with more fibers can help keeping slim C. the foods with protein and vitamins could leave you overweight and malnourished D. old people's energy is gradually burning fast 50. The best title of this passage should be? A. Calories and Diet B. Many Factors Contribute to Calorie Count C. The Relevancy between Calorie Burning and Age D. Different People, Different Calorie Burning Rate D “Do not get the idea that you’re anything special, because you’re not.” This is what English, teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School. Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony disagreed with McCullough’s words. But lost in the anger and protest was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or not. In our eagerness to raise their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities. In fact, it’s not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above-average. Therefore, it is of vital: significance for us to learn and teach our kids how to evaluate ourselves (themselves) objectively. Inflated (膨胀的) self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent (有能力的) at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2020 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most sympathetic in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor learners, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own incapability. Why should this be? Another study offers an explanation. People who are incapable suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are. In Dunning’s study, subjects scoring at the bottom on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated” their talents. Although their test scores put them in the 624th, they guessed they were in the 12th. What these individuals lacked was “meta cognitive skill” (元认知技巧): the ability to monitor how well (or badly) they’re performing. In the absence of that ability, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. Fortunately, there are a couple of ways to cope with this problem. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you’re doing, but just what it is that you’re doing wrong. If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won’t need parents, or a graduation ceremony speaker, to tell them whether they’re special or not. If they are, they’ll already know that they are. Or they’ll have a plan to get that way. 51. The author thinks the problem that shouldn’t be ignored is that_________. A. we don’t know whether our young people are talented or not B. young people can’t reasonably define themselves C. no requirement is set up for young people to get better D. we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged 52. Which is NOT mentioned about poor learners according to the passage A. They tack the capacity to monitor how they are performing. B. They usually give themselves high stores in self-evaluations. C. They tend to be unable to know exactly how badly they perform. D. They are intelligently incapable in tests and exams. 53. We can infer from the passage that those nigh-scoring students, __________. A. are not confident about their logic and grammar B. tend to have overly hopeful view of their own abilities C. don’t know how well they perform due to their strict self-judgment D. are more strict in their self-evaluations because of their proper meta cognitive skills 54. The strategies of becoming special suggest that __________. A. the best way to recognize excellence is to study past success and failure B. through comparison with others, one will know where and when he fails C. we need internal honesty with ourselves and external honesty from others D. neither parents not a graduation ceremony speaker can tell whether one is special 55. Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out B. Let’s Admit That, We Are Not That Special C. Tips On Making Ourselves More Special D. Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents 五、阅读表达 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文并回答问题。 We would all love to learn how to be happy. And sometimes, the solution comes from a surprising place. During his fieldwork in a remote African village, an anthropologist (人类学家) had devoted himself to studying the unique habits and culture of the local tribe. He had been working in the village for quite some time and on the day before his scheduled return home, he composed a gift—a basket full of delightful fruits from the area, wrapped thoughtfully in a piece of cloth. He placed this offering beneath a tree and then gathered the village children around. The man drew a line in the dirt, looked at the children, and said, “As soon as I signal to start, dash to the tree; the first to arrive will claim the basket of fruits.” However, when he signaled, instead of racing against each other, the children joined hands and ran together to the tree. Then They settled around the basket and enjoyed their treat as a group. Bewildered by their act of unity, the anthropologist asked why they chose to run collectively when any one of them could have seized all the fruits. A young girl looked up at him and said innocently, “How can one of us be happy if all the other ones are sad?” Years later, Desmond Tutu, the well -known South African activist, remembered how a girl once thought about things in a simple yet deep way. He used the word “ubuntu” to describe her thinking. “Ubuntu” means “I exist because we all do.” In other words, we are who we are because of our relationships with others. For that tribe, to be human is to relate with and through others. They think that our happiness comes from the union of our joys and the meaningful impact they have on the community. 56. What gift did the anthropologist prepared? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 57. How did the children reach the tree? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 58 What does the underlined word “bewildered” probably mean in Paragraph 4? (1 word) _______________________________________________________________________ 59. What is the source of happiness for the tribe? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 60. Do you agree with the tribe’s belief about happiness? Please give your reason (s).(no more than 25words) _______________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假如你是李华，为了激发同学们的阅读兴趣，你们学校上个月开展了读书月活动。你的美国朋友Tom对此很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，介绍你在读书月活动中的相关情况，内容包括： 1.活动的时间和目的； 2.介绍你阅读的某类书籍或某本书以及收获； 3.鼓励他多读书。 注意:（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇: 科幻小说 science fiction 侦探小说 detective novel 魔幻小说 fantasy 传记文学 biography 科普读物 popular science Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 塘沽一中2024—2025学年度第二学期 高二年级第一次统练英语学科试题 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分20分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man going to do? A. Go for a swim. B Go to the Art Museum with the woman. C. Listen to a lecture about Chinese painting. 2. Where are the two speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In a railway station. C. In a bookstore. 3. Where is the man now' A. In Xi' an. B. In Beijing. C. In Haikou. 4. What does the woman want to buy? A. A yellow shirt. B. A dark shirt. C. A dark coat. 5. Which is the woman's mobile phone number? A. 13963789053 . B. 13966789050 . C. 13966789053 . 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 听下面几段材料，每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Husband and wife. 7. On which channel is the baseball game on? A. Channel 2. B. Channel 6. C. Channel 8. 8. What does the woman agree to see at last? A. The baseball match. B. A western film. C. An American film. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。 9 What are the two speakers talking about? A. How to become a millionaire. B. How to spend money. C. Collecting stamps. 10. What can we know about the man? A. He doesn't like the stamps his father gave him. B. He has made many friends by collecting stamps. C. He has traveled to many places. 11. What does the woman want to do? A. Collect stamps from now on. B. Buy some stamps from the man C. Buy a book on stamps. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。 12. Who are most/ probably, attending the speech' A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Workers. 13. How many reasons does the speaker give to/ prove, she is fit for the position? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 14. When did the speaker join the environmental club? A. Last year. B. 2 years ago. C.3 years ago. 15. Why does the speaker want to give up the environmental club? A. She wants to put her heart into the new position. B. She doesn't like the club now. C. She must spend more time on her studies. 二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —Fancy meeting you here, Mary. We’ve not seen each other since we graduated from college. —__________. We’ve lost contact for almost three and a half years. A. You bet B. Cheer up C. Good for you D. With pleasure 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——很高兴在这里见到你，玛丽。我们大学毕业后就没见过面了。——没错。我们已经失去联系将近三年半了。A. You bet肯定，当然；B. Cheer up振作起来；C. Good for you真是了不起；D. With pleasure乐意效劳。结合语境可知，此处表示同意对方的说法，用You bet。故选A。 2. The manager, along with his team, __________ for the train for over 40 minutes, but it still hasn’t arrived. A. had waited B. is waiting C. has been waiting D. have been waiting 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：经理和他的团队已经等了40多分钟的火车，但它仍然没有到达。along with适用就远原则，即谓语的单复数由该短语前的部分确定；本句谓语单复数由The manager确定，所以用第三人称单数，根据时间状语for over 40 minutes，表示一段时间内一直在做某事，用现在完成进行时。故选C项。 3. The young man has a strong __________ to become a scientist in the future. A. solution B. ambition C. admission D. devotion 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人有强烈的抱负希望未来成为一名科学家。A. solution解决方案； B. ambition抱负；C. admission录取；D. devotion奉献。根据句意可知，这个年轻人有强烈的抱负希望未来成为一名科学家。故选B项。 4. The old workers are doing their best to pass __________ their techniques to the younger generation. A. off B. on C. away D. through 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语义辨析。句意：老工人们正在尽力把他们的技术传给年轻一代。A. pass off（以某种方式）进行；顺利举行；假装；B. pass on传递；传授；C. pass away去世；消逝；D. pass through穿过；经历。根据“their techniques to the younger generation.”可知，老工人们把他们的技术传授给年轻一代。故选B。 5. The school __________ with reading lessons and taught them to guess the meaning of new words. A. kept pace B. boosted students' confidence C. brought students back to life D. thought outside the box 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这所学校通过阅读课提高学生的自信心，并教他们猜测新单词的意思。A. kept pace保持同步；B. boosted students’ confidence提升学生的信心；C. brought students back to life让学生恢复活力；D. thought outside the box跳出思维定式。根据下文“with reading lessons and taught them to guess the meaning of new words.”可知，这所学校通过阅读课提高学生的自信心。故选B项。 6. __________ Benjamin Franklin put it, “A house is not a home unless it contains food and fire for the mind as well as the body.” A. What B. As C. Where D. Which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如本杰明·富兰克林所言：“房子不是家，除非里面有食物和火，既可以供给我们的身体，也可以供给我们的心灵”。该空引导非限制性定语从句放句首，意为“正如”，用关系代词as引导从句，as有正如之意，构成固定句型as sb. put(s) it (正如某人所说)。故选B项。 7. From my perspective, the problem is __________ he can find a new job. A. who B. when C. that D. what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：在我看来，问题在于他何时能找到一份新工作。空处为连接词引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“何时”符合语境，所以此处使用连接副词when引导从句。故选B项。 8. Everyone has been extremely fascinated with the delicate antique __________ back to the 17th century ever since it turned up. A. dated B. to date C. dating D. dates 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自从它出现以来，每个人都对这个可以追溯到17世纪的精致古董非常着迷。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词antique与date back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故选C。 9. The reason __________ he explained was not convincing. A. that B. when C. why D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他解释的原因并不令人信服。先行词为The reason，指物，关系词替代先行词作定语从句中explain的宾语，用关系代词为that。故选A项。 10. He will never make progress in math __________ he really wants to learn it. A. once B. as long as C. unless D. in case 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。 句意：除非他真的想学数学，否则他永远不会在数学上取得进步。A. once一旦；B. as long as只要；C. unless除非；D. in case以防。根据句意可知，除非他真的想学数学，否则他永远不会在数学上取得进步。故选C项。 11. The club welcomes all new members, __________ age and sex. A. regardless of B. in contrast to C. in addition to D. thanks to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：俱乐部欢迎所有新成员，无论年龄和性别。A. regardless of 无论；B. in contrast to与……相比；C. in addition to除了……之外；D. thanks to多亏。根据句意以及上文的“The club welcomes all new members”可知，俱乐部欢迎所有新成员，所以此处指的是“不管，无论”符合语境。故选A项。 12 The curriculum (课程) should be updated to make it more __________ to the needs of the 21st-century workforce. A. reliable B. relevant C. remarkable D. convenient 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：课程应该更新，以使其更符合21世纪劳动力的需求。A. reliable可靠的；B. relevant相关的；C. remarkable显著的；D. convenient方便的。根据句意以及上文的“The curriculum (课程) should be updated”可知，课程不断更新应是为了使其与21世纪劳动力的需求“相关”符合语境。故选B。 13. — Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. White? — __________. I cannot manage without you. A. Forget it B. By all means C. It depends D. You said it 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——怀特先生，我明天可以请一天假吗？——别想了。没有你我无法应付。A. Forget it绝对不行；B. By all means当然可以；C. It depends视情况而定；D. You said it你说得对。根据下文的“I cannot manage without you.”可知，Mr. White拒绝了对方明天请假的请求，所以此处使用“绝对不行”符合语境。故选A项。 14. The new software is designed to work __________. Even beginners can use it without any difficulty. A. efficiently B. independently C. uncomplicatedly D. skillfully 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这款新软件被设计为可以简单易用。即使是初学者也可以毫无困难地使用它。A. efficiently 高效地；B. independently 独立地；C. uncomplicatedly 简单地、不复杂地；D. skillfully 熟练地。根据句意以及下文的“Even beginners can use it without any difficulty.”可知，初学者都毫无困难地使用，所以该软件应是被设计的“简单”易用，符合语境。故选C项。 15. John looks very tired. He __________ up very late last night. A. must stay B. must have stayed C. should have stayed D. could stay 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查must have done用法。句意：约翰看起来很累。他昨晚一定很晚才睡。根据“John looks very tired”和“last night”可知，此处是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，使用must have done“一定做了某事”，故选B。 三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets ___16___ him, especially those who are ___17___. For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that ___18___? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But he’s ___19___. His briefcase always has some gloves. In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not ___20___ like other New Yorkers, who ___21___ the street, striving for their own lives. He looks around at ___22___. He stops when he ___23___ someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he ___24___ looking for more people with cold ____25____. On winter days, Mr. Greenberg ____26____ gloves. During the rest of the year, he ____27____ gloves. People who have heard about him ____28____ him gloves, and he has many in his apartment. Mr. Greenberg ____29____ doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and ____30____ his behavior. But people who don’t know him are sometimes ____31____ him. They don’t realize that he just wants to make them ____32____. It runs in the ____33____. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the ____34____. A pair of gloves may be a ____35____ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. 16. A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after 17. A. exhausted B. hardworking C. talented D. poor 18. A. occupation B. name C. chance D. message 19. A. abnormal B. different C. heartfelt D. curious 20. A. act B. reveal C. assume D. dress 21. A. come across B. go through C. hurry down D. keep off 22. A. cars B. people C. street numbers D. traffic lights 23. A. helps B. chooses C. greets D. encounters 24. A. holds up B. persists in C. moves on D. turns around 25. A. hands B. expressions C. faces D. hearts 26. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on 27. A. browses B. distributes C. returns D. purchases 28. A. owe B. send C. lend D. show 29. A. delayed B. kept C. began D. risked 30. A. understand B. imitate C. advocate D. excuse 31. A. merciful to B. satisfied with C. skeptical of D. surprised by 32. A. outstanding B. wealthy C. special D. happy 33. A. history B. family C. neighborhood D. company 34. A. honor B. pain C. same D. cold 35. A. small B. precious C. delightful D. comforting 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是Michael Greenberg，一位通过赠送手套帮助贫困人群的纽约好人。 【16题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但街上的人都了解他，尤其是那些贫困的人。A. know about了解；B. learn from向……学习；C. cheer for为……欢呼；D. look after照顾。根据上文的“He is not famous in sports or the arts”可知，他在艺术或运动方面不出名，结合but可知，此处与上文内容为转折关系，所以此处指的是人们都“了解”他，符合语境。故选A项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但街上的人都了解他，尤其是那些贫困的人。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. hardworking勤劳的；C. talented有天赋的；D. poor贫困的。根据后文“Now, many poor New Yorkers know him”可知，此处指的是许多穷人知道他。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是如何得到这个名字的？A. occupation职业；B. name名字；C. chance机会；D. message信息。根据前文“For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg.”可知，他是“Gloves Greenberg”，而这当然是一个名字。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他看起来像其他商人一样，穿着西装，提着公文箱，但他与众不同。A. abnormal不正常的；B. different不同的；C. heartfelt真诚的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文“He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱).”以及后文“His briefcase always has some gloves.”可知，他看起来和其他商人差不多，穿着西装，带着公文箱，但是他的公文箱里有一些手套，这就“与众不同”了，符合语境。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在冬天，Greenberg先生的行为不像其他纽约人那样，他们匆忙地走在街上，为自己的生活奔波。A. act行动；B. reveal揭示；C. assume假定；D. dress穿衣。根据下文“He looks around at”可知，此处指的是他的行为表现不像其他纽约人那样。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在冬天，Greenberg先生的行为不像其他纽约人那样，他们匆忙地走在街上，为自己的生活奔波。A. come across偶遇；B. go through经历；C. hurry down匆忙前行；D. keep off远离。根据后文“striving for their own lives.”可知，人们为自己的生活奔波，所以此处指的是他们“匆忙走过”街道，符合语境。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他四处张望，看着人们。A. cars 汽车；B. people 人们；C. street numbers 街道号码；D. traffic lights 交通灯。根据下文的“He gives them a pair and then he ___9___ looking for more people with cold ___10___ .”可知，他在寻找更多的人，由此可知，他关注的是街上的“人”符合语境。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他遇到没有手套的人时，他会停下来。A. helps帮助；B. chooses选择；C. greets问候；D. encounters遇到。根据上文的“He looks around at ___7___ .”可知，他四周环顾着人们，由此可知，此处指他“遇到”没有手套的人会停下来。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他给了他们一双，然后他继续寻找更多手冰冷的人。A. holds up 阻碍；B. persists in 坚持；C. moves on 继续前进；D. turns around 转身。根据上文的“He gives them a pair”以及下文的“looking for more people with cold ___10___.”可知，此处指的是他帮助一个人会 “继续” 寻找更多需要帮助的人，符合语境。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了他们一双，然后他继续寻找更多手冰冷的人。A. hands手；B. expressions表情；C. faces脸；D. hearts心。根据常识以及上文的“He gives them a pair”可知，他会给没有手套的人一副手套，结合cold可知，手套是用来给手保暖的，所以此处指的是“手”符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在冬天的日子里，Greenberg 先生会赠送手套。A. searches for寻找；B. stores up储存；C. gives away赠送；D. puts on穿上。根据上文的“He gives them a pair and then he ___9___ looking for more people with cold ___10___.”可知，他送手套给别人，由此可知，此处指的是他将手套“赠送”给需要的人。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一年的其余时间里，他购买手套。A. browses浏览；B. distributes分发；C. returns返回；D. purchases购买。根据上文的“On winter days, Mr. Greenberg ___11___ gloves.”可知，Greenberg 先生在冬天会赠送手套，结合“During the rest of the year”可知，此处指的是他为了冬天赠送手套而在一年的其余时间里“购买”手套，符合语境。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：听说过他的人会寄送手套给他，他在公寓里存了很多手套。A. owe欠；B. send寄送；C. lend借出；D. show展示。根据语境以及下文的“and he has many in his apartment.”可知，他家里有很多的手套，由此可推断，此处指的是人们通过“寄送”手套支持他的善举，符合语境。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Greenberg 先生开始做这件事是在21年前。A. delayed推迟；B. kept保持；C. began开始；D. risked冒险。根据下文的“Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and ___15___ his behavior.”可知，现在人们很多人认识他，结合“21 years ago”可知，此处指他“开始”这一善举的时间。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多贫穷的纽约人认识他并理解他的行为。A. understand 理解；B. imitate 模仿；C. advocate 提倡；D. excuse 原谅。根据上文的“Mr. Greenberg ___14___ doing this 21 years ago.”可知，他做了这么长时间的善事，很多人都熟悉了，所以此处表示认识他的人能够“理解”他的行为。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但不认识他的人有时对他的行为感到惊讶。A. merciful to对……仁慈；B. satisfied with对……满意；C. skeptical of对……怀疑；D. surprised by对……惊讶。根据上文的“Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and___15___his behavior.”可知，认识他的人都很理解他的行为，结合“But people who don’t know him”可知，不认识他的人可能不了解他的善举动机，因此会对他的行为感到惊讶。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们没有意识到他只是想让他们感到快乐。A. outstanding杰出的；B. wealthy富有的；C. special特别的；D. happy快乐的。根据下文的“Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.”可知，他的善举是为了让他人感到“快乐”符合语境。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是家族传统。A. history历史；B. family家族；C. neighborhood社区；D. company公司。根据下文“Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.”可知，他的父亲也帮助他人，由此可知，此处指的是家庭传统。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：Michael Greenberg也有同样的感受。A. honor荣誉；B. pain痛苦；C. same相同的；D. cold冷的。根据上文的“They don’t realize that he just wants to make them __17___ .”可知，Michael Greenberg帮助别人是为了让别人快乐，结合“Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.”可知，他们父子的感受是一样的，所以此处指的是Michael Greenberg也有“同样的”感受，符合语境。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一副手套可能是一件小东西，但在冬天却能带来很大的影响。A. small小的；B. precious珍贵的；C. delightful令人愉快的；D. comforting令人安慰的。根据语境和上文的“but it can make a big difference in winter”可知，手套能够产生很大的影响，结合but可知，此处应表示手套虽“小”但意义重大，符合语境。故选A项。 四、阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Henry Raeburn (1756-1823） The Exhibition This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture Series Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free. An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15:00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13:10 JUDY EGERTON Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13:10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov.,13:10 MARTIN POSTLE Exhibition Times Monday-Saturday 10:00 — 17:45 Sunday 12:00 — 17:45 Last admission to the exhibition: 17:15. There is no re-admission. Closed: 24 — 26 December and 1 January. Admission £4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted/ free Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of£2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in, organised groups with teachers. 36. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries? A. Sun.26 Oct. B. Thurs.30 Oct. C. Thurs.6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov. 37. If you only leave time on 26 Oct, which lecture will you attend? A. An Introduction to Raeburn B. Raeburn’s English Contemporaries C. Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits D. Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century 38. Which of the following is right? A. Henry Raeburn is an American painter. B. You should pay for the lecture to be held in the Lecture room. C. You cannot go to the exhibition on December 26. D. You can be admitted to the exhibition after 17:15. 39. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?. A. £4. B. £8. C. £12. D. £16. 40. How can full-time students get group discounts? A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools. C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 【解析】 【说明文】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于苏格兰著名画家Henry Raeburn的展览相关信息，包括展览内容、讲座系列、展览时间、门票价格以及针对学校和学院的特别优惠等。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Lecture Series部分中的“Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13:10 (雷伯恩同时期的英国画家：10月30（周四），13:10)”可知，该讲座的时间是10月30日，周四。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Lecture Series”部分中的“An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15:00 (雷伯恩作品介绍：10月26日，周日，15:00)”可知，如果仅在 26 日有时间，能参加的讲座就是“An Introduction to Raeburn”。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Exhibition Times部分中“Closed: 24 — 26 December and 1 January (闭馆时间：12月24日至26日以及1月1日。)”可知，12月24日至26日以及1月1日展览闭馆，所以12月26日不能看展览。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Admission中的“£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted/ free (4英镑。12岁以下儿童在成人陪同下可免费入场。)”可知，成人门票是4英镑，12岁以下儿童在成人陪同下免费。所以一对夫妇带着两个12岁以下的孩子，只需支付两个成人的门票钱。也就是4*2=8英镑。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Schools and Colleges中的“A special low entrance charge of£2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in, organised groups with teachers. (所有接受全日制教育的人员，包括直至并含本科一年级水平的学生，在有教师带领的团体组织下，可享受每人2英镑的特别优惠入场价格。)”可知，全日制学生要享受团体优惠，必须有老师带领。故选C。 B My name is Jaimic Eckert and I’ve been into volunteer work since childhood. As a girl, I volunteered at animal shelters, played music at nursing homes, and helped with community cleanup after disasters. In college, I volunteered heavily at a large yearly conference for young adults, which is where I fell in love with my husband-to-be, who was on my team of co-volunteers. Since getting married in 2013, we’ve been living in Beirut, Lebanon. I actually have an online coaching business but I’ve had many opportunities to volunteer with projects for Syrian refugees(难民) and youth education. Volunteering has been a way of life for me for a very long time, and I wouldn’t do it if I didn’t enjoy it. Most of the time, you do feel that you’re making a difference. Once I was leading out a project that provided food boxes to Syrian refugee families. When it was nearing Ramadan, the biggest holiday season in Islam, I literally stuffed the food package with extra treats...dates, nuts, olive oil and sweets. We took the package unannounced and ended up arriving just as the Syrian family was sitting down on their floor for breakfast. They had nothing more than a few pieces of bread and a pot of tea. The mother was in tears as she received us. I’ll never forget their gratitude. Another time, back when I was in college in the US, a group of friends and I volunteered to drive to a distant church that was way out in the suburb and had only a few elderly members. The building was in disrepair and the churchyard needed attention. We stayed the weekend in the home of one of these old ladies so we could clean and repair the church. I’ll never forget how new life sparkled in her eyes. She couldn’t repair broken doors or pull weeds, but her love for us was unmatched. It breaks my heart to remember this old lady beaming with joy for such small efforts that we made. Sometimes, volunteer work is fulfilling not because of the actual job you get done, but because of how your presence impacts the people around you. Volunteering makes me a better person because it gets me outside of myself. It puts my focus on others. It makes me grateful for what I have. 41. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________. A. provide an explanation B. introduce a topic C. reach a conclusion D. propose a definition 42. What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A. We brought food to Syrian families. B. Ramadan is the most important holiday season in Islam. C. Volunteering affects people in some way. D. Volunteering is a way of Eckert’s life. 43. Why was the old lady happy? A. Because finally someone came to comfort them in the church. B. Because she could clean and repair the church with us. C. Because of our presence and help. D. Because we made efforts to entertain her. 44. What message does the story convey? A. Eckert’s volunteer dream. B. What volunteering means to Eckert. C. How volunteering has changed Eckert’s life. D. Eckert volunteers for Syrian refugees. 45. What is the author’s attitude towards volunteering? A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Indifferent. D. Positive. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文，本文主要讲述了作者做志愿服务时的感人经历，这些经历使作者成为一个乐于奉献、懂得感恩的人，作者认为我们在给与别人帮助的同时也在成就自我。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容，结合本段首句“My name is Jaimic Eckert and I’ve been into volunteer work since childhood.(我叫Jaimic Eckert，我从小就从事志愿者工作。)”第一段讲述了作者从小到大都在做志愿服务，下文具体讲述了作者的两次志愿服务经历，所以本段旨在引入“志愿服务”的话题。故选B项。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，结合第二句“Most of the time, you do feel that you’re making a difference.(大多数时候，你确实感觉到你正在对别人产生影响。)”可知，本段主要通过一个事例讲述志愿服务以某种方式影响人们。故选C项。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“It breaks my heart to remember this old lady beaming with joy for such small efforts that we made. Sometimes, volunteer work is fulfilling not because of the actual job you get done, but because of how your presence impacts the people around you. (想起我们的小小努力却让老人喜笑颜开，真让我伤心。有时候，志愿者工作让人感到充实并不是因为你完成了实际的工作，而是因为你的出现对你周围的人产生了影响。)”可知，老人是因为我们的出现和帮助而感到高兴。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Volunteering makes me a better person because it gets me outside of myself. It puts my focus on others. It makes me grateful for what I have.(志愿工作让我成为一个更好的人，因为它让我摆脱了自我。这会让我把注意力放在别人身上。这让我对我所拥有的充满感激。)”可知， 文章传达了志愿服务对于作者的意义。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I wouldn’t do it if I didn’t enjoy it(如果我不喜欢它，我就不会去做)”及最后一段中“Volunteering makes me a better person(志愿工作让我成为一个更好的人)”可知，作者对于志愿服务的态度是积极的。故选D项。 C Calories are a way of keeping track of the body's energy budget. A healthy balance occurs when we put in about as much energy as we lose. If we consistently put more energy into our bodies than we bum, the excess will gradually be stored as fat in our cells, and well gain weight. If we bum off more energy than we replenish, well lose weight. But how many calories do we actually need? Calorie is just the unit we use to measure the energy we take in or bum. Calories are used in three ways: about 10% enables digestion, about 20% fuels physical activity, and the biggest part, around 70%, supports the basic functions of our organs. That third usage corresponds to your basal metabolic rate (基础代谢率), a number of calories you would need to survive if you weren't eating or moving around. According to the official guidelines, average person requires each day 2000 calories for women and 2500 for men. Those estimates are based on factors like average weight, physical activity and muscle mass. So does that mean everyone should take in around 2000 calories? Not necessarily. If you're doing an energy consuming activity, like cycling the Tour de France, your body could use up to 9000 calories per day Pregnancy requires slightly more calories than usual, and elderly people typically have a slower metabolic rate, energy is burned more gradually, so less is needed. And one thing you should also know. The calorie counts on nutrition labels measure how much energy the food contains, not how much energy you can actually get out of it, Fibrous (纤维的) foods like celery and whole wheat take more energy to digest, so you'd actually absorb less energy from 100 calorie serving of celery than a 100 calorie serving of potato chips. Not to mention the fact that some foods offer nutrients like protein and vitamins, while others provide far less nutritional value. Eating too many of those foods could leave you overweight and malnourished. And even with the exact same food, different people might not get the same number of calories. So a calorie is a useful energy measure, but to work out exactly how many of them each of us requires, we need to factor in things like exercise, food type, and our body's ability to process energy. 46. What is Calorie according to the passage? A. A unit of measurement to the energy people get or consume. B. The food people eat and digest. C. The unit for people to count weight. D. The way people to measure nutrition. 47. One can lose weight, if________. A. less food is eaten than before B. doing exercise every day C. more energy is fueled than taken in D. one keeps energy balanced 48. Which fact is true according to the passage? A. The excess of calories will gradually turn into cells. B. Most of the calories will help people with digestion. C. When staying still no calorie will be needed. D. The biggest amount of energy will go to support body organs. 49. The author may agree that________. A. potato chips are hard to digest B. the food with more fibers can help keeping slim C. the foods with protein and vitamins could leave you overweight and malnourished D. old people's energy is gradually burning fast 50. The best title of this passage should be? A. Calories and Diet B. Many Factors Contribute to Calorie Count C. The Relevancy between Calorie Burning and Age D. Different People, Different Calorie Burning Rate 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位，但是卡路里计数要考虑运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Calories are a way of keeping track of the body's energy budget.(卡路里是记录身体能量收支的一种方式)”可知，卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“If we bum off more energy than we replenish, well lose weight. (如果我们消耗的能量多于补充的能量，我们就会减肥)”可知，如果消耗的能量大于摄入的能量，就可以减肥。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Calories are used in three ways: about 10% enables digestion, about 20% fuels physical activity, and the biggest part, around 70%, supports the basic functions of our organs. (卡路里有三种用途：约10%用于消化，约20%用于体力活动，最大的70%用于维持器官的基本功能)”可知，大多数的能量将用于支持身体器官。故选D。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The calorie counts on nutrition labels measure how much energy the food contains, not how much energy you can actually get out of it, Fibrous (纤维的) foods like celery and whole wheat take more energy to digest, so you'd actually absorb less energy from 100 calorie serving of celery than a 100 calorie serving of potato chips. (营养标签上的卡路里计数测量食物含有多少能量，不是你可以获得多少能量，纤维食物，如芹菜和全麦需要更多的能量来消化，所以你实际上从100卡路里的吸收更少的能量芹菜100卡路里的薯片)”可推断，含有更多纤维的食物有助于保持苗条。故选B。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“So a calorie is a useful energy measure, but to work out exactly how many of them each of us requires, we need to factor in things like exercise, food type, and our body's ability to process energy. (所以卡路里是一种有用的能量测量方法，但要算出我们每个人到底需要多少卡路里，我们需要把运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素考虑进去)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍卡路里是衡量人们获得或消耗能量的单位，但是卡路里计数要考虑运动、食物类型和我们身体处理能量的能力等因素。由此可知，“Many Factors Contribute to Calorie Count.(很多因素都会影响卡路里计数)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 D “Do not get the idea that you’re anything special, because you’re not.” This is what English, teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School. Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony disagreed with McCullough’s words. But lost in the anger and protest was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or not. In our eagerness to raise their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities. In fact, it’s not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above-average. Therefore, it is of vital: significance for us to learn and teach our kids how to evaluate ourselves (themselves) objectively. Inflated (膨胀的) self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent (有能力的) at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2020 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most sympathetic in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor learners, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own incapability. Why should this be? Another study offers an explanation. People who are incapable suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are. In Dunning’s study, subjects scoring at the bottom on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated” their talents. Although their test scores put them in the 624th, they guessed they were in the 12th. What these individuals lacked was “meta cognitive skill” (元认知技巧): the ability to monitor how well (or badly) they’re performing. In the absence of that ability, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. Fortunately, there are a couple of ways to cope with this problem. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you’re doing, but just what it is that you’re doing wrong. If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won’t need parents, or a graduation ceremony speaker, to tell them whether they’re special or not. If they are, they’ll already know that they are. Or they’ll have a plan to get that way. 51. The author thinks the problem that shouldn’t be ignored is that_________. A. we don’t know whether our young people are talented or not B. young people can’t reasonably define themselves C. no requirement is set up for young people to get better D. we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged 52. Which is NOT mentioned about poor learners according to the passage A. They tack the capacity to monitor how they are performing. B. They usually give themselves high stores in self-evaluations. C. They tend to be unable to know exactly how badly they perform. D. They are intelligently incapable in tests and exams. 53. We can infer from the passage that those nigh-scoring students, __________. A. are not confident about their logic and grammar B. tend to have overly hopeful view of their own abilities C. don’t know how well they perform due to their strict self-judgment D. are more strict in their self-evaluations because of their proper meta cognitive skills 54. The strategies of becoming special suggest that __________. A. the best way to recognize excellence is to study past success and failure B. through comparison with others, one will know where and when he fails C. we need internal honesty with ourselves and external honesty from others D. neither parents not a graduation ceremony speaker can tell whether one is special 55 Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out B. Let’s Admit That, We Are Not That Special C. Tips On Making Ourselves More Special D. Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents 【答案】51. B 52. D 53. D 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人们常高估自己，应教孩子客观评估自己的能力。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But lost in the anger and protest was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or not. In our eagerness to raise their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities. (但在愤怒和抗议中被忽略的是我们真正应该铭记于心的事情：我们的年轻人实际上不知道自己是否特别有才华。在我们急于提高他们的自尊心时，我们忘记了教他们如何现实地评估自己的能力)”可知，作者认为不应忽视的问题是年轻人不能合理地定义自己。故选B。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inflated (膨胀的) self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent (有能力的) at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. (在一项又一项的研究中都发现了膨胀的自我判断，而且往往正是在我们对某项任务最不擅长的时候，我们对自己的表现评价最为慷慨)”以及“Poor learners, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own incapability. (作者指出，学习差的人“缺乏”对自己无能的“洞察力”)”和“People who are incapable suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are.(无能的人承受着“双重负担”：他们不擅长自己所做的事情，而且他们的无能使他们无法认识到自己做得有多糟糕)”及第三段中“What these individuals lacked was “meta cognitive skill” (元认知技巧): the ability to monitor how well (or badly) they’re performing. In the absence of that ability, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities.(这些人所缺乏的是“元认知技巧”：即监控自己表现好坏的能力。由于缺乏这种能力，这些受试者对自己的能力产生了过于乐观的看法)”可知，差生缺乏监控自己表现的能力，他们通常无法确切地知道自己表现得有多差，并且他们在自我评价中往往给自己高分。而D选项“他们在考试和测验中智力上无能”并未在文中提及。故选D。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In a 2020 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most sympathetic in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly.(例如，在 2020 年发表于《医学教育》杂志上的一项研究中，那些在论文测试中得分最低的医科学生在自我评价时最为宽容，而得分高的学生对自己的评判则严格得多)”以及第三段中“What these individuals lacked was ‘meta cognitive skill’ (元认知技巧): the ability to monitor how well (or badly) they’re performing. In the absence of that ability, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities.(这些人所缺乏的是“元认知技巧”：即监控自己表现好坏的能力。由于缺乏这种能力，这些受试者对自己的能力产生了过于乐观的看法)”可推知，那些高分学生由于有适当的元认知技巧，所以在自我评估中更严格。故选D。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you' re doing, but just what it is that you' re doing wrong.(首先，我们可以学会诚实地与他人比较。训练自己去认识卓越，即使你自己并不具备卓越，并且将你所能做的与真正卓越的人所能完成的进行比较。第二，寻求频繁、准确和具体的反馈。找一个批评者，他不仅会告诉你你做得有多差，还会告诉你你做错了什么)”可知，通过诚实地评价自己及他人诚实地反馈，可以变得更加特别，更加卓越，由此推知，变得特别的策略建议我们需要对自己内在的诚实及他人外在的诚实。故选C。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Do not get the idea that you’re anything special, because you’re not.”(不要认为你有什么特别的，因为你不特别)”以及“Therefore, it is of vital significance for us to learn and teach our kids how to evaluate ourselves (themselves) objectively. (因此，对我们来说，学习和教导我们的孩子如何客观地评估我们自己或他们自己至关重要)”可知，本文主要讲述了我们的年轻人不知道如何评估自己的能力，他们往往高估自己，而解决这个问题的方法是学会诚实地与他人比较以及寻求他人的反馈，教会孩子如何判断自己是否特别，所以A项“特别与否？教孩子们弄清楚”作为标题最合适。故选A。 五、阅读表达 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文并回答问题。 We would all love to learn how to be happy. And sometimes, the solution comes from a surprising place. During his fieldwork in a remote African village, an anthropologist (人类学家) had devoted himself to studying the unique habits and culture of the local tribe. He had been working in the village for quite some time and on the day before his scheduled return home, he composed a gift—a basket full of delightful fruits from the area, wrapped thoughtfully in a piece of cloth. He placed this offering beneath a tree and then gathered the village children around. The man drew a line in the dirt, looked at the children, and said, “As soon as I signal to start, dash to the tree; the first to arrive will claim the basket of fruits.” However, when he signaled, instead of racing against each other, the children joined hands and ran together to the tree. Then They settled around the basket and enjoyed their treat as a group. Bewildered by their act of unity, the anthropologist asked why they chose to run collectively when any one of them could have seized all the fruits. A young girl looked up at him and said innocently, “How can one of us be happy if all the other ones are sad?” Years later, Desmond Tutu, the well -known South African activist, remembered how a girl once thought about things in a simple yet deep way. He used the word “ubuntu” to describe her thinking. “Ubuntu” means “I exist because we all do.” In other words, we are who we are because of our relationships with others. For that tribe, to be human is to relate with and through others. They think that our happiness comes from the union of our joys and the meaningful impact they have on the community. 56. What gift did the anthropologist prepared? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 57. How did the children reach the tree? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 58. What does the underlined word “bewildered” probably mean in Paragraph 4? (1 word) _______________________________________________________________________ 59. What is the source of happiness for the tribe? (no more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 60. Do you agree with the tribe’s belief about happiness? Please give your reason (s).(no more than 25words) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. A basket full of delightful fruits from the area. 57. They joined hands and ran together to the tree. 58. Confused. 59. It comes from the joys and meaningful impact of unity. 60. Yes, I do. Because only when everyone is happy can I feel true happiness. If all the others are sad, how can I be happy? 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过一位人类专家的调查，揭示了幸福的源泉来自于集体的快乐和对社会有意义的影响。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“He had been working in the village for quite some time and on the day before his scheduled return home, he composed a gift—a basket full of delightful fruits from the area, wrapped thoughtfully in a piece of cloth. (他在村里工作了很长一段时间，在他计划回家的前一天，他做了一份礼物——一篮子来自当地的美味水果，用一块布若有所思地包着。)”可知，人类学家准备了一篮子来自当地的美味水果。故答案为A basket full of delightful fruits from the area. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“However, when he signaled, instead of racing against each other, the children joined hands and ran together to the tree. (然而，当他示意时，孩子们并没有互相竞争，而是手拉手一起跑向树。)”可知，孩子们是手拉手一起跑向树的。故答案为They joined hands and ran together to the tree. 【58题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据第四段中划线词句后半部分“the anthropologist asked why they chose to run collectively when any one of them could have seized all the fruits (人类学家问，当他们中的任何一个人都可以夺取所有果实时，为什么他们选择集体奔跑)”可知，人类学家对看到的结果感到困惑，从而推知“Bewildered by their act of unity(对他们的联合行为Bewildered)”中划线部分是“感到困惑的”。故答案为Confused. 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“They think that our happiness comes from the union of our joys and the meaningful impact they have on the community. (他们认为我们的幸福来自于我们的快乐和他们对社区的有意义的影响。)”可知，部落幸福的源泉来自于集体的幸福和有意义的影响。故答案为It comes from the joys and meaningful impact of unity. 【60题详解】 考查阅读写作。通读全文可知，本文通过一位人类专家的调查，揭示了幸福的源泉来自于集体的快乐和对社会有意义的影响。我同意部落对幸福的看法，因为只有大家都幸福我才会感到真正的幸福，如果其他人悲伤，我怎么会开心呢？故答案为Yes, I do. Because only when everyone is happy can I feel true happiness. If all the others are sad, how can I be happy? 六、书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假如你是李华，为了激发同学们的阅读兴趣，你们学校上个月开展了读书月活动。你的美国朋友Tom对此很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，介绍你在读书月活动中的相关情况，内容包括： 1.活动的时间和目的； 2.介绍你阅读的某类书籍或某本书以及收获； 3.鼓励他多读书。 注意:（1）词数不少于100； （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇: 科幻小说 science fiction 侦探小说 detective novel 魔幻小说 fantasy 传记文学 biography 科普读物 popular science Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear from you. Last month, our school held a Reading Month activity to develop students’ interest in reading. It lasted throughout February, encouraging us to explore different types of books and develop a lifelong reading habit. During this time, I read science fiction, especially Isaac Asimov’s works. His book Foundation enhanced my understanding of how history, technology, and humanity shape civilizations. It also sparked my curiosity about space exploration and artificial intelligence, motivating me to think critically. Reading opens doors to new perspectives and knowledge. Whether it’s detective novels or biographies every book offers valuable insights. I hope you can also enjoy reading more in your daily life! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Tom写一封邮件，介绍学校上个月开展的读书月活动的相关情况，介绍你阅读的某类书籍或某本书以及收获，并鼓励他多读书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 培养：develop →build up 激励：encourage →inspire 提高：enhance →improve 提供：offer →provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last month, our school held a Reading Month activity to develop students’ interest in reading. 拓展句：Last month, our school held a Reading Month activity, whose aim was to develop students’ interest in reading. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It lasted throughout February, encouraging us to explore different types of books and develop a lifelong reading habit.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】His book Foundation enhanced my understanding of how history, technology, and humanity shape civilizations.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$