课后提升练(14)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2019）

课后提升练(十四) Section Ⅳ　WRITING Ⅰ.阅读理解 AIDS may be one of the most undesirable diseases in the world.Luckily，there is now hope for AIDS patients. According to a recent paper published in The New England Journal of Medicine，Chinese scientists have successfully used CRISPR technology—a method of gene editing—to treat a patient with HIV.While it may not have cured the patient fully，it still represents a huge step forward in fighting the disease. The patient was a 27­year­old Chinese man who was diagnosed with both AIDS and acute lymphoblastic leukemia(急性淋巴细胞白血病)，a type of blood cancer.Despite his hopeless situation，doctors offered him a glimmer of hope：a bone marrow(骨髓) transplant to treat his cancer and an experimental treatment for his HIV. They used this opportunity to edit the DNA in bone marrow stem cells from a donor before transplanting the cells into the patient. Specifically，the treatment involved using the gene­editing tool CRISPR­Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5，which encodes a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells.Without the gene，HIV is unable to infiltrate cells. Talking about the gene，lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN，“After being edited，the cells—and the blood cells they produce—have the ability to resist HIV infection.” Nineteen months after the treatment，the patient's leukemia was in complete remission(缓解) and donor cells without CCR5 remained，according to the research paper. Though the transplant did not cure the man's HIV，it still showed the effectiveness of gene­editing technology，as there was no indication of any unintended genetic alterations—a major concern with past gene therapy experiments. Amesh Adalja，a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Centre for Health Security in the United States，who was not involved in the study，praised the treatment. “They did a very innovative experiment.It was safe，” he told Live Science.“It should be viewed as a success.” Deng believes gene­editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood­related diseases such as AIDS and sickle cell anemia(镰刀形细胞性贫血). “Thanks to this new technology，the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer，” he said. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是世界上最难治疗的疾病之一艾滋病现在有了新希望。科学家通过改变基因编码的方式，给艾滋病人带来了曙光。 1．The technology of CRISPR is to ________． A．transplant cells B．encode genes C．remove proteins D．produce cells B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“used CRISPR technology—a method of gene editing”可知，CRISPR的技术是编码基因，即encode genes，故选B。 2．What was the result of the treatment? A．CCR5 and other genes in the patient's cells were changed. B．The number of cells infected by HIV decreased. C．Some of the patient's blood cells could resist HIV infection. D．HIV no longer existed in the patient's cells. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“After being edited，the cells—and the blood cells they produce—have the ability to resist HIV infection.”可知，治疗的结果是病人的一些血细胞可以抵抗HIV感染。故选C。 3．What do we know about the experiment? A．It provided an innovative way to cure AIDS patients. B．It pointed out the problems of gene therapy. C．It could offer a safe treatment for blood­related diseases. D．It's the first experiment to use gene­editing technology to treat AIDS. C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“They did a very innovative experiment.It was safe(他们做了一个创新性的实验。它是安全的)”和最后一段中的“Thanks to this new technology，the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer”可知，这个实验可以为血液相关疾病提供一种安全的治疗方法，故选C。 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．A New Treatment to Patients B．New Hope for HIV Patients C．A New Medical Invention D．New Technology，New Hope B　解析：标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是世界上最难治疗的疾病之一艾滋病现在有了新希望。科学家通过改变基因编码的方式，给艾滋病人带来了希望，故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 Many hear endlessly how good exercise is for our health，but you might be surprised to know just how good.__1___ It helps you breathe better. Frequent exercise improves the volume of oxygen you can use in your body.This is what makes you fit and the benefits aren't limited to sport.__2__ Attending some professional courses can build core strength and improve shape，and so strengthen breathing muscles. Physical activity enhances your mental health. Doing something active releases “happy” brain chemicals that make you more positive.The more you do it，the better you'll feel.But you do need to work up a sweat.If you've had a bad day，treat yourself to a little bit of exercise.__3___ __4___ The way your guts (内脏) feel often impacts on your mental and physical health.Walking，running and yoga strengthen abdominal (腹部的)muscles，increase the heart rate and encourage your muscles to move digestive waste through your body more efficiently and digest food more quickly. Keeping active keeps you young. There may not be an elixir (灵丹妙药) of youth just yet，but keeping fit comes close.Just 15 minutes of exercise a day for eight years can increase your lifespan by three years.The more you do，the longer you could live.__5__ It can be low­intensity exercise—swimming，a long walk on a running machine at the gym，or a low­intensity workout via special APPs. A．It aids your digestion. B．It gives you a better appetite. C．Increased muscle strength helps too. D．Here are the benefits you can get from exercise. E．This is because physical activity delays cell ageing. F．People think this will catch our attention and inspire our action. G．Power walking or rope skipping is a brilliant stress reliever. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从呼吸、心理健康、助消化、延缓衰老四个方面介绍了运动对身体的好处。 1．D　解析：空处在第一段结尾，再由下文所列的几方面好处可知，此处需要一个总括的句子，故D项“以下是你可以从锻炼中得到的好处”符合语境。 2．C　解析：根据空前的“the benefits aren't limited to sport”可知，不只运动会带来这些益处，再结合空后一句“Attending some professional courses...and so strengthen breathing muscles.”尤其是关键词“strengthen breathing muscles”可知，C项“增强的肌肉力量也有所帮助”符合语境。 3．G　解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼带来的心理方面的好处，故G项“快走或跳绳都是一种很好的减压方式”符合语境。 4．A　解析：空处为下方段落的标题。该段内容主要讲了运动给消化系统带来的好处。故A项“它有助于你的消化”正确。 5．E　解析：根据该段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼可以让你年轻，空前一句表述“你做的(运动)越多，你就能活得越久”，E项“这是因为体育活动会延缓细胞衰老”解释了原因，符合语境。 Ⅲ.概要写作 People have been expressing their thoughts and ideas through art for thousands of years.To do this，they have used a variety of tools and technologies.Yet Michelangelo and others have been labeled as “artists” rather than“technicians”．This means that art and technology have always been seen as two very separate things.Today，however，technological advances have led to a combination of art and technology. The art world is changing greatly as a result of the combination.Now art is more accessible to us than ever before.Take for example one of China's most famous paintings from the Song Dynasty，Along the River During the Qingming Festival.Thanks to technology，millions of people have been able to experience a digital version of this painting.Three­dimensional (3D) animation means that viewers can see the characters move around and interact with their surroundings.They can also watch as the different scenes change from daylight into nighttime. The art­tech combination is also changing our concept of “art” and the “artist”．Not only can we interact with art but also we can take part in its creation.With new technological tools at our fingertips，more and more people are exploring their creative sides.The result has been exciting new art forms，such as digital paintings and videos. However，such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct.Can someone unfamiliar with traditional artists' tools really call themselves an “artist”？ And is the artist the creator of art itself，or the maker of the technology behind it? A recent project used technology and data in the same way that Rembrandt used his paints and brushes.The end result，printed in 3D was a new “Rembrandt painting” created 347 years after the artist's death.These advances are perhaps bringing us closer to a time when computers rather than humans create art. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Although people have always viewed art and technology as unrelated things，nowadays they have been combined due to technological advances.The combination is leading to the great change of the art world，which makes art more accessible.Besides，it is changing our ideas of art and the artist as we can have interaction with art and create new forms.Nevertheless，these developments are making art and technology less different，perhaps making it more likely for computers to create art. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$