课后提升练(4)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2019）

课后提升练(四) Section Ⅳ　WRITING Ⅰ.阅读理解 John Nelson, 92, grew up in Michigan and volunteered for the army in 1945.The 18­year­old managed to get accepted, despite being colorblind.He landed on the island of Iwo Jima in the first days of the American attack to take the island from the Japanese.Nelson fought day and night for 10 days before receiving a serious wound to his right arm.The other seven men in his squadron(中队) all died.American losses included 5，900 dead and 17，400 wounded. Nelson saw the American flag being raised on Mount Suribachi after the island was taken by the American forces.The arm would continue to trouble him the rest of his life.Suffering from anxiety and flashbacks, he was diagnosed with post­traumatic stress disorder(创伤后应激障碍). Al Elders was a Grandville farm boy.He joined the Navy and was stationed on Guam when the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on Aug.6 and 9，1945，basically ended the war with Japan. War often develops lasting friendships.But for the two World War Ⅱ veterans(老兵) living at Sunset Manor in Jenison, their friendship didn't begin until about a year and a half ago.One day，Elders noticed a man sitting at a cafeteria in the Sunset Village，and that was Nelson.Seeing his Marine cap，Elders thought they would have something to talk about.And they did.The war in the Pacific is a common bond. The two men later worked together to serve other residents(居民) at Sunset Manor.John began detailing cars during good weather and cleaning walkers in the winter.Elders became his advertising manager.They donated most of their income to the Wounded Warrior project.John is less mobile now and is in care at Sunset.Al continues to visit and to encourage his friend.A friend of Elders' who traveled to Iwo Jima brought back a jar filled with sand from the rocky island.Elders sent the gift, along with his own wartime collections, to the Seabee Museum and Memorial Park. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。两位二战老兵因为共同的战争经历而结下了深厚的友谊，虽然年事已高，仍然致力于服务社会。 1．What do we know about John Nelson? A.He joined the army after he left university. B．His hometown was ruined by the war. C．He joined the army through strict tests. D.He was physically and mentally injured in the war. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The arm would continue ...diagnosed with post­traumatic stress disorder.”可知，Nelson在战争中身心都受到了创伤。故选D。 2．Why did Nelson and Elders develop a friendship? A．They both felt sad and lonely. B．They lived in the same place. C.They shared a common war experience. D．They had helped each other during the war. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The war in the Pacific is a common bond.”可知，两人结下友谊是因为共同的战争经历。故选C。根据第四段中的“But for the two World War Ⅱ veterans living at Sunset Manor in Jenison, their friendship didn't begin until about a year and a half ago.”可排除D项；其他两项未能在文中找到支持信息。 3．We can learn from Paragraph 5 that the two friends ______. A．started a successful business B.were devoted to contributing to the society C.visited Iwo Jima together after the war D.supported young people to join the army B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The two men later worked together to serve ...to the Wounded Warrior project.”和“Elders sent the gift ...and Memorial Park.”可推断，两人致力于为社会做贡献。故选B。根据最后一段中的“A friend of Elders' who traveled to Iwo Jima brought back a jar filled with sand from the rocky island.”可排除C项；其他两项未能在文中找到支持信息。 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A.How people tried to survive the war. B.The meaning of peace for ordinary people. C.Two soldiers' touching friendship during wartime. D．Two old soldiers' life experiences and friendship. D　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了两位老兵经历战争、成为朋友并共同奉献社会的一系列人生经历。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Kathy served as a waitress at a restaurant.She was wearing her usual __1__ look when an old man walked in.Kathy took his __2__ and screamed，“Ready soon.” “Just relax and keep __3__，please！” the man said.“Because a smile costs nothing，but gives much.” Kathy stared at him surprisingly.Then the man left a __4__ when paying the bills.Throughout the next week，the thing happened repeatedly. On the weekend，Kathy wrote “1 smile，10 dollars” on the menu and the man ordered his usual food adding，“Plus a smile.” Kathy was so __5__．She laughed out loudly.The man jokingly __6__，“You are so careless.I，Charlie，ordered a smile，not a laugh.” So Kathy __7__ a bright smile，saying，“Coming right up，sir.” Finally，he left an extra $10 tip! Charlie was a lonely retired manager.He spent most of his time at home，with the __8__ of his frequent restaurant visits.Kathy also often visited him.The two __9__ each other like a family. One day，he didn't __10__ up.Kathy anxiously went to his house，learning that he had passed away.At the __11__ news，she couldn't help crying.Charlie had no immediate families，so Kathy put herself __12__ his funeral(葬礼). Days later，Kathy received a letter from Charlie's lawyer.Enclosed was a __13__ for $10，000 and a note reading，“Dear Kathy，here I have left something representative of my __14__．I can never repay you for what you've given me，for a smile is __15__．” Kathy was moved into tears and later she donated the money to the old in need. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了餐厅服务生凯西和老人查理之间的故事。 1．A.straight B．light C．astonished D．confused A　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一位老人走进来时，她还是那副平常的直挺挺的样子。根据前文“Kathy served as a waitress at a restaurant”可知，此处是指平常的直挺挺的样子。故选A。 2．A.place B．order C．temperature D．advice B　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯西接过他的点单，高声喊：“马上就好。”根据“Ready soon.”可知，此处是指接过老人的点单。故选B。 3．A.standing B．laughing C．speaking D．smiling D　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“请放松，保持微笑！”那人说。根据后文“Because a smile costs nothing，but gives much.”可知，此处是指保持微笑。故选D。 4．A.book B．message C．tip D．letter C　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后这个男人在付账单的时候留下了小费。根据后文“Finally，he left an extra $10 tip！”可知，此处是指这个男人在付账单的时候留下了小费。故选C。 5．A.desperate B．amazed C．potential D．bored B　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：凯西很惊讶。根据“Plus a smile.”可知，此处是指凯西听到老人要求加一个微笑，感到很惊讶。故选B。 6．A.admitted B．apologized C．blamed D．agreed C　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人开玩笑地责备道：“你太粗心了。我，查理，点的是微笑，而不是大笑。”根据“You are so careless.”可知，此处是指这个人开玩笑地责备。故选C。 7．A.put on B．gave up C．lived off D．looked at A　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：于是凯西露出愉快的笑容，说：“马上就来，先生。”根据“ordered a smile”可知，此处是指凯西露出愉快的笑容。故选A。 8．A.expectation B．extension C．exception D．expansion C　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了经常去餐馆外，他大部分时间都待在家里。根据“He spent most of his time at home”可知，此处是指除了经常去餐馆外。故选C。 9．A.objected to B．related to C．heard of D．suspected of B　解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们就像一家人一样亲密无间。根据“like a family”可知，此处是指他们就像一家人一样亲密无间。故选B。 10．A.look B．break C．stay D．turn D　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他没有出现。根据“Kathy anxiously went to his house，learning that he had passed away.”可知，此处是指他没有出现。动词短语turn up意为“出现”。故选D。 11．A.ill B．helpful C．superb D．confusing A　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到这个坏消息，她禁不住哭了起来。根据前文“learning that he had passed away”可知，此处是指坏消息。故选A。 12．A.in honour of B．in case of C．in favor of D．in charge of D　解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：查理没有直系亲属，所以凯西自愿负责他的葬礼。根据“Charlie had no immediate families”可知，此处是指凯西自愿负责他的葬礼。故选D。 13．A.check B．note C．notice D．visit A　解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随信附上一张一万美元的支票和一张字条。根据“for $10，000”可知，此处是指一张一万美元的支票。故选A。 14．A.regret B．sorrow C．gratitude D．generosity C　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的凯西，我在这里留下了一些代表我感激之情的东西。根据后文“I can never repay you for what you've given me”可知，此处是指代表感激之情的东西。故选C。 15．A.free B．priceless C．cheap D．discounted B　解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我永远无法报答你给我的一切，因为微笑是无价的。根据“I can never repay you for what you've given me”可知，此处是指微笑是无价的。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The field of nutrition can be divided into three main settings in which dieticians(营养师) and nutritionists can work.1.__________(register) dieticians and nutritionists can work in clinics，in the community，and in management. In clinics，they work 2.__________(individual) with patients and their families.They evaluate，plan，and make dietary strategies and nutritional treatments 3.__________ are concentrated on improving varieties of medical problems such as high blood pressure and obesity.In addition，dieticians and nutritionists in this setting，come up 4.__________ plans to help patients to improve their diets and appetite，like cancer patients 5.__________(receive) chemical treatments. In the community，dieticians and nutritionists work in health and recreational 6.__________(center).They work with and target specific populations such as the elderly or children.The goal of this targeting 7.__________(be) to inform the public and make new plans 8.__________(achieve) healthier lifestyles. Lastly，dieticians and nutritionists can work in management.They may work in 9.__________(vary) large­scale food­service operations that feed the community.They are needed in these settings to help maintain 10.__________ better the performance of these operations through food sourcing，long­term budgeting，and menu planning. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了营养师这个职业。 1．Registered　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：注册营养师和营养学家可以在诊所、社区和管理部门工作。分析句子可知，register作定语，修饰dieticians and nutritionists，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作前置定语，表示“已经注册的”。故填Registered。 2．individually　解析：考查副词。句意：在诊所里，他们单独与患者及其家人一起工作。此处需要副词作状语，修饰动词work。故填individually。 3．that/which　解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句意：他们评估、计划并制定集中于改善各种医疗问题的营养治疗和饮食策略，如高血压和肥胖。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为“dietary strategies and nutritional treatments”，关系代词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that或者which。 4．with　解析：考查介词。句意：此外，在这种情况下，营养师和营养学家提出帮助患者改善他们的饮食和食欲的计划，如接受化学治疗的癌症患者。come up with意为“想出；提出”，为固定搭配。故填with。 5．receiving　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，receive在此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，与逻辑主语“cancer patients”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填receiving。 6．centers　解析：考查名词的数。句意：在社区中，营养师和营养学家在健康和娱乐性中心工作。根据句意，此处为名词复数，表示泛指。故填centers。 7．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：目标是告知公众并制定新的实现更健康的生活方式的计划。此处动词be作谓语，主语是goal，为单数，且表示一般行为，用一般现在时。故填is。 8．to achieve　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。此处为不定式作目的状语。故填to achieve。 9．various　解析：考查形容词。句意：他们可以在不同的为社区提供食物的大规模食品服务业工作。空格后面的中心词是名词operations，所以空格处要用形容词作定语。故填various。 10．and　解析：考查连词。句意：在这些环境中，他们被要求通过食品采购、长期预算和菜单计划来帮助维护并完善这些活动的性能。此句中to help ...与(to) better ...为并列关系，and连接两个不定式，第二个不定式符号省略。前后文是并列关系，故填and。 Ⅳ.应用文写作 最新一届的城市国际博览会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，是红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括： 1．个人介绍； 2．自身优势； 3．强烈意愿。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear Sir/Madam， My name is Li Hua，a student from Hongxing Middle School.I am writing to volunteer for City International Expo.Here are what my strengths lie in. First and foremost，I have a good command of English，which makes it easy for me to communicate with foreigners fluently.Additionally，outgoing and open­minded，I can get along well with people at home and abroad.What's more，I often act as a volunteer tour guide to show foreign tourists around，from which I've gained rich experience. In a word，I firmly believe that I am the very person you're looking for.Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$