专题10 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句（讲练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（广东专用）

专题10 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句 考点 课标要求 命题预测 宾语从句 宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，也是核心考点。主要考查的是宾语从句的时态及引导词和语序。 三大从句的考查一般出现在语法选择、完形填空、语法填空、完成句子、选词填空中，阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。 考点分布：三大从句连词的选择；状语从句的时态(主将从现)是一个常考点；宾语从句的时态和语序也是高频考点。定语从句主要考查关系代词的运用。理解句意，分析句子逻辑关系。是解题的关键。 状语从句 状语从句是中考必考考点之一，也是核心考点。主要考查的是连词及时态运用。 定语从句 定语从句是中考必考考点之一，难度较小。主要考查的是定语从句连词的选择。 1、 宾语从句 1．（2024·广州·中考真题）They were so surprised at they saw. A．what B．that C．how D．which 2. （2024·广东省·中考真题）His mother is satisfied with he spends his money. A．how B．which C．whether 3. （2023·广州·中考真题）He decided he would get stronger. A．what B．why C．when D．that 4. （2023·广东省·中考真题）There he was often asked he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 5．（2022·广州·中考真题）He wanted to make sure I knew to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt. A. where B. what C. how D. why 6.（2024·深圳·中考真题）We did not know the problem lay. 7．（2024·广州·中考真题）体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的技巧。 Their PE teacher encouraged them and taught them improve their skills of running together. 8.（2023·广州·中考真题）我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。 My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about _______ _____ _____ _______ better with the help of maths. 9.（2023·广东省·中考真题）Can you guess it is? 10. （2022·广州·中考真题）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。 Kate wondered ______ ______ ______ ______ something for the Science Day. 11.（2022·广东省·中考真题）You may not know popular tea is. 中考考查重点： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 4. 宾语从句的简化。 （一）宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种。 （1）连词：that引导陈述句，常可省略；whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether还可以引导选择疑问句或与or not连用。例如： I believe that our team will win the basketball match. 我相信我们队会赢得这场篮球赛。 She asked me if she could borrow my book. 她问我是否可以借一下我的书。 注意①：只用whether，不用if 的情况： ①所引导的从句作介词宾语时∶ 例如∶ I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ②引导宾语从句，从句置于句首表示强调时。例如∶Whether this is true（or not），I can't tell. ③和动词不定式连用时。 例如∶ I don't know whether to accept or refuse. ④直接与or not 连用时。 例如∶Can you tell me whether or not the train has left? 注意②：辨析if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句。 “if”的含义 if从位置 例句 宾语从句 表“是否” 动词后，作动词的宾语 I don't know if he will come tomorrow. 条件状语从句 表“如果” 表条件，单独作状语 If it is sunny tomorrow,we will go on a picnic. （2）代词：who、whom、whose、what和which。例如： The children didn’t know who the stranger was.孩子们不知道那个陌生人是谁。 Do you know which one is the right answer? 你知道哪个是正确答案吗? （3）副词：when、where、how、why、how many、how often 等。例如： He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. 他想知道什么时候能完成这项艰难的工作。 The teacher asked us how many students there were in the classroom. 老师问我们教室里面有多少人。 （二）宾语从句的语序 ①宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即：引导词+主语+谓语+其他。如： Lucy wanted to know if I could make a cake for you.露西想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。 ②引导词在从句中作主语时，语序不变，即：引导词(充当主语)+谓语+其他。如： Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。 (who是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词would give的主语，本身已是陈述句语序，不需再变。) ③What’s wrong with…？在宾语从句中语序不变。如： I want to know what’s wrong with you.我想知道你怎么了。 （三）宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择相应的任何时态。 例句：He says that he went to Beijing last month. The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。 例句：He asked what time it was. My father said the he had already seen the movie. My father said he was watching TV at that time. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。 例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. （四）宾语从句的简化和否定前移 1. 宾语从句的简化 ①当主句的谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时 ,从句经常简化为“宾语＋宾补”的结构 ,宾补是不带to的不定式或动词ing形式。如 : 　　例句：She found that the bag lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the bag lie/lying on the ground. ②当主句的谓语动词是 hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等 ,并且主句主语与从句主语一 致时 ,从句可 以简化为不定式结构。 例句：She decided that she would play basketball with me. →She decided to play basketball with me. ③在疑问词引导的宾语从句中 , 当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时 ,从句可以简化为“疑问词＋不 定式”结构 。 如 : 例句：Can you tell me how I can get to the station？→Can you tell me how to get to the station？ 例句：She hasn’t decided when she will visit her parents.→ She hasn’t decided when to visit her parents. 2.宾语从句否定前移 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【特别警示】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 1、 单项选择 1．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Can you imagine ________ on Mars? —No, it’s hard to picture. A．how would life be B．what life would be C．how life would be like D．what life would be like 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Ms. Cai seems familiar with Huocheng in Xinjiang. —So she does. She was a volunteer teacher there. Can you guess ________? A．how long she has been there B．how long she was there C．how long has she been there D．how long was she there 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—I’m going to study abroad, but I’m really nervous. I have no idea ______. —Take it easy. You can start by making a list of things to prepare. A．how can I get ready for it B．what I should do first C．that I need to take some courses in advance D．if the language barrier was a big problem 4．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—I am wondering ________ you’d like to come to my party tomorrow. —I’m afraid I can’t. Because I’m not feeling well these days. A．how B．why C．when D．whether 5．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—I wonder ________ we can do to protect animals in danger. —We can raise money and stop killing them. A．how B．what C．when D．why 6．（2025·江苏常州·一模）—The 9th Asian Winter Games opened in Harbin, making the city the center of attention for China’s winter tourists once again. —I wonder ________. A．that the traffic was heavy there B．if it was a big success or not C．how many medals China achieved D．when did the event begin 7．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）—Can you tell me ________? —Oh, they’re more useful than the old ones. A．what do you think of our new textbook B．what you think of our new textbooks C．where do you find our new textbooks D．where you find our new textbooks 8．（2025·安徽宣城·一模）—Could you tell me ________ I can learn Taichi well? —You can start by taking online courses. A．where B．what C．how D．when 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Could you tell me ______? —Better than I expected. A．when did you take your exams B．how your speech was C．if you went to the concert D．why you have left your hometown 10．（2025·四川广元·一模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me where ______ some toys? —Yes. They are on the second floor. A．I can get B．can I get C．I get D．do I get 11．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）To know ______ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it. A．what B．when C．where D．how 12．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—I wonder ________ when you are in Guangxi. —To Guilin. Guilin landscape is best. A．where you would like to go B．how you would like to go around C．if you are going to visit Beihai D．with whom you would like to go around 13．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）Just now my mom asked me if I ________ shopping with her. If I ________ need to work, I will go with her tomorrow. A．go; won’t B．will go; won’t C．would go; don’t D．would go; will 14．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）—Could you please tell me ________ you always give away your clothes to the community? —I hope they can come to the poor area where people need them. A．when B．why C．how D．whether 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）At the science museum, the children get to know ______! A．what is the spaceship like B．what the spaceship looks like C．how the spaceship looks like D．how does the spaceship look like 16．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —In the supermarket. A．where I can buy this kind of CD player B．where can I buy this kind of CD player C．if I can buy this kind of CD player D．if can I buy this kind of CD player 17．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）—Do you know ________ Jimmy is crying now? —She isn’t satisfied with the result of the competition. She always wants to get first prize. A．when B．where C．why D．how 18．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—What’s your plan for tomorrow? —I want to go out. But I don’t know ________. A．where should I go B．how the weather will be C．which bus should I take D．that the museum is worth a visit 19．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）John promised that he ________ my computer, but he broke his word. A．will fix B．had fixed C．has fixed D．would fix 20．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 21．（2025·安徽宿州·一模）—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in two days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A． will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites D．attends; will invite 22．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The company thought that DeepSeek ________ the way people work and live. A．has changed B．was changing C．would change D．will change 23．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Our teacher told us that sound _________faster in water than in the air. A．travels B．traveled C．was traveling D．has traveled 24．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）Sarah wanted to know ________. A．who will be responsible for the office B．what the matter was with the printer C．whether the boy had understood her instructions D．that the meeting would be held next Tuesday 25．（2024·北京房山·一模）—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holiday? —Oh, my friends and I plan to visit some famous places along the Silk Road. A． where are you going B．where did you go C．where you are going D．where you went 二、完成句子 1．通过这种方式，顾客可以省钱，但他们无法决定能吃什么。 In this way, customers can save money, but they can’t decide . 2．我问妈妈是否愿意和我一起去看这部电影。 I asked my mother to see the film with me. 3．许多学生想知道为什么他们需要参加关于压力的讲座。 Many students may wonder attend the lecture on pressure. 4．这是她第一次来中国，她不知道她是否能明白中文。 She wondered Chinese because it was her first time to come to China. 5. 以前我的英语不是很好。我问老师如何能提高英语，她建议我去看一些有趣的英语电影。 I used to be poor at English. I asked my teacher my English and she suggested watching some interesting English movies 6. 后来，他的同学教他如何高效地记住诗歌。 Later, his classmate taught him poems efficiently. 7. 他的队友们问他是否准备好在今年带领队伍。 His teammates asked him to lead the team this year. 8. 然后我们开始思考如果洪水再次发生，我们应该准备些什么。 Then I began to think about if a flood happened again. 9. 以前我的英语不是很好。我问老师如何能提高英语，她建议我去看一些有趣的英语电影。 I used to be poor at English. I asked my teacher my English and she suggested watching some interesting English movies 10. 但到最后一题时，他们不知道答案是什么。 But when it came to the last one, they didn’t know . 11. 凯特思考她如何可以自己把实验做好。 Kate thought about the experiment well on her own. 12. 汤姆不知道他能否坚持下来，但他还是决定尝试一下。 Tom didn’t know keep on exercising, but he decided to give it a try. 13. 他认为缸可以用石头打破。 He thought the tank    with a stone. 14. 你能告诉我今天早上为什么迟到吗？ Can you tell me this morning? 15. I don’t know what I should do to improve my English. (改为同义句) I don’t know what to improve my English. 2、 状语从句 1.（2024年·广州中考·真题）They walked along the beach they came to a small house with a sign saying Penguin Care Centre. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 2.（2024年·广州中考·真题）这种赛跑太难，他们训练时总是摔倒。 This kind of race was hard they kept falling over while practising. 3. （2024年·深圳中考·真题）When he was asked the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ‘I’, only ‘we’. 4. （2023年·广州中考·真题）Every morning, Little Six would rise the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. A．before B．after C．until D．if 5. （2023年·广东省中考·真题）For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair pig hair was too hard. 6.（2022年·广东省中考·真题）She loved singing and dancing she was a little girl. A．if B．when C．because 7.（2022年·广州省中考·真题） I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot dirtier than I thought. A. If B. Unless C. When D. Though 8．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 9．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 10.（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 状语从句的定义 用来修饰动词和形容词，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间，地点，原因等等的句子叫做状语从句。 状语从句的分类 一、时间状语从句 二、原因状语从句 三、条件状语从句 四、让步状语从句 五、目的状语从句 六、结果状语从句 七、比较状语从句 考向1 状语从句的从属连词（重点考向） 分类 连接词 例句 时间 状语从句 when/while/as, before, after, since, until, as soon as She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. He often went to the concert while he stayed in Berlin. I didn’t go to bed until she came back. 条件 状语从句 if, as long as, unless I’ll go to see you if I have time. They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday 原因 状语从句 because, since, as, for He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up too late. We should study hard since we are students. 目的 状语从句 so that, in order that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it. 结果 状语从句 so that, so…that/such…that It’s so hot that we want to go swimming. It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away. 让步 状语从句 though/although, even if Although it’s raining hard, they are still working hard in the field. 比较 状语从句 than, as…as, not as/so…as He ran as fast as Mike. 考向2 状语从句的时态 状语从句的时态(主将从现)也是一个常考点。 I will call you when I arrive in Guangzhou. You won’t make progress unless you work hard. 1、 单项选择 1.（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The novel Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ most teenagers enjoy reading it. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．enough; to 2.（2025·安徽淮南·一模）—Will China make great progress in space projects? —I think so ________ we keep working on them. A．unless B．but C．if D．or 3．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）— The road up to the top of the mountain is still closed till the snow weather is over. — It’s necessary, ________ it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather. A．if B．whether C．as D．although 4．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）You mustn’t touch the machines unless you ________. A．are allowed to B．are allowed C．aren’t allowed to D．aren’t allowed 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Sally never feels lonely ________ she lives thousands of miles away from her hometown. A．if B．though C．unless 6．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Lucy held her head up like a queen ________ Bill was telling his tale. A．him B．before C．while D．until 7．（2025·江西南昌·一模）—Oh, it’s too late now. I have to leave for home. —But it is raining heavily outside. You’d better wait here ________ it stops. A．since B．till C．though D．if 8．（2025·吉林长春·一模）While her brother ________ video games upstairs, Mary ________ a novel in the garden quietly. A．plays; is reading B．is playing; reads C．is playing; is reading 9．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Perhaps you should ask someone else for help ________ you can’t solve the problem. A．so B．since C．unless 10．（2025·安徽·一模）Living in a fast-developing world, we will fall behind ________ we keep learning. A．if B．since C．after D．unless 11．（2025·黑龙江·一模）—I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. —Well, if it ________, we won’t go for a picnic. A．rains; rains B．will rain; will rain C．will rain；rains 12．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）We decided to stay indoors and play games ___________ it was raining. A．unless B．although C．since D．so 13．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Try to help someone in need, ________ it’s lending a listening ear or offering a praise. A．because B．whether C．though D．unless 14.（2025·安徽铜陵·一模）Amy was lost in reading ________ a stranger rushed in. She was quite scared. A．as soon as B．when C．although D．after 15．（2025·吉林长春·一模）Uncle John goes to work on foot ________ he doesn’t live close to his work place. A．while B．though C．since D．if 二、完成句子 1.为了能更快、更好地理解主要内容, 你最好不要逐词阅读这篇文章。 You’d better not read the article word by word you can understand the main ideas faster and better. 2.汤姆进步如此之快以至于他这学期加入了校篮球队。 Tom made progress fast he joined the school basketball team this term. 3.她是如此好的一个女孩， 每个人都喜欢她。 She is a nice girl everyone likes her. 4.机器人能够做很多无聊的工作，因为它们从来不会感到无聊。 Robots can do many , they never . 5.无论你喜欢西餐还是中餐，总有适合你的！（完成译句） you like Western food Chinese food, there’s always something for you! 6.虽然我没有时间去旅行，但我仍然感到很开心。 I had no time to travel, I felt very happy. 7.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记我的爷爷。 I go , I will never forget my grandpa. 8.不要在意结果，只要你尽力就好。 Don’t care about the results you try your best. 除非你认真对待这次考试，否则你是无法通过的。 9.You won’t be able to pass the test you take it . 10.要购买这批电脑，我们需要一大笔资金。 A great deal of money if we want to buy these computers. 3、 定语从句 1．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 2．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 3．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 5．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 考向1 定语从句的关系副词 （关系副词不作重点讲） 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 考向2 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。 The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。 关系代词 1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，常可省略。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 3. 注意：(1) 关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 4. which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 5 注意：定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况： 考向3定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况： (1)当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你做点什么吗？ (2)当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用“that”。 Tom told her mother all that had happened. 汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。 This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had. 这是我度过的最美好的时光。 (4)当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。 He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 (5)当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。 This will be the last chance that he can get. 这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。 He is the only person that can help you out. 他是唯一能帮你的人。 (6)先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。 (7)当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。 Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday? 哪本书是他昨天从图书馆借的？ 1．（2025·吉林长春·一模）I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A．who B．which C．what D．/ 2．（2025·四川广元·一模）—I watched a movie ______ touched me a lot last winter vacation. —Really? I’d like to know more about it. A．which B．what C．who D．it 3．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）This is not the only film ________ I’ve wished to see. A．which B．that C．whom D．who 4．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）We all like to make friends with Nancy. She is a nice girl ________ is always ready to offer help when we are in need. A．which B．what C．who D．where 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Chengdu becomes the third city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airpot. A．that B．which C．where 6．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua. A．which B．who C．what D．that 7．（24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·阶段练习）—The girl ______ won the first prize is from our class. —Really? I’m so proud of her. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 8．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 9．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 二、完成句子 1.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests. (改为定语从句) Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas in the forests. 2.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 Nothing is difficult to the man try. 3.（2025·贵州·模拟预测）杨波是海嘎村的英雄，他带领着村民走向了幸福的生活。 Yang Bo is a hero in Haiga village villagers to a better life. 4.昨天我收到他的那封信很重要。 The letter I him yesterday is very important. 5.对此活动感兴趣的师生都可以参加。 Teachers and students the activity can join in. 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10 宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句 考点 课标要求 命题预测 宾语从句 宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，也是核心考点。主要考查的是宾语从句的时态及引导词和语序。 三大从句的考查一般出现在语法选择、完形填空、语法填空、完成句子、选词填空中，阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。 考点分布：三大从句连词的选择；状语从句的时态(主将从现)是一个常考点；宾语从句的时态和语序也是高频考点。定语从句主要考查关系代词的运用。理解句意，分析句子逻辑关系。是解题的关键。 状语从句 状语从句是中考必考考点之一，也是核心考点。主要考查的是连词及时态运用。 定语从句 定语从句是中考必考考点之一，难度较小。主要考查的是定语从句连词的选择。 1、 宾语从句 1．（2024·广州·中考真题）They were so surprised at they saw. A．what B．that C．how D．which 【答案】 A 【详解】句意：他们对所看到的感到非常惊讶。 what 什么；that 那；how 如何；which 哪一个。空处引导宾语从句，同时也是saw的宾语，指“看到的事物”，所以用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 2. （2024·广东省·中考真题）His mother is satisfied with he spends his money. A．how B．which C．whether 【答案】 A 【详解】句意：他母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。 how如何；which哪一个；whether是否。根据“His mother is satisfied with...he spends his money.”可知，母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。故选A。 3. （2023·广州·中考真题）He decided he would get stronger. A．what B．why C．when D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他决心变得更强壮。 what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would get stronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。 4. （2023·广东省·中考真题）There he was often asked he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。 why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。 5．（2022·广州·中考真题）He wanted to make sure I knew to do so that Bob wouldn’t get hurt. A. where B. what C. how D. why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他想确保我知道该做什么，以免鲍勃受伤。 where哪里；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“knew…to do ”可知，此处为特殊疑问词+动词不定式的结构，作knew的宾语，使用what，what to do“做什么”，故选B。 6.（2024·深圳·中考真题）We did not know the problem lay. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：我们不知道问题在哪里。know后接宾语从句，从句中主谓为the problem lay，缺少地点状语，因此用where引导该宾语从句。故填where。 7．（2024·广州·中考真题）体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的技巧。 Their PE teacher encouraged them and taught them improve their skills of running together. 【答案】 how to 【详解】“如何做某事”how to do sth，是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。故填how；to。 8.（2023·广州·中考真题）我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。 My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about _______ _____ _____ _______ better with the help of maths. 【答案】 how I can draw 【详解】分析句子可知空处要表达的是“我怎么样能画画”，是how引导的宾语从句，我I；能can；画画draw。故填how；I；can；draw。 9. （2023·广东省·中考真题）Can you guess it is? 【答案】 what 【详解】句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。 10. （2022·广州·中考真题）凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。 Kate wondered ______ ______ ______ ______ something for the Science Day. 【答案】 ①. if ②. she ③. could ④. do 【详解】动词“wondered”后面是宾语从句，是一般过去时，从句是陈述句的语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。表达“是否”用“if”引导从句。从句的主语是“她”，翻译为“she”。表达“能”用情态动词“could”，后接动词原形，表达“做”用动词“do”。故填if；she；could；do。 11.（2022·广东省·中考真题）You may not know popular tea is. 【答案】how 【详解】句意：你可能不知道茶有多受欢迎。此处强调的中心词是形容词“popular”，用how，故填how。 中考考查重点： 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 4. 宾语从句的简化。 （一）宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种。 （1）连词：that引导陈述句，常可省略；whether/if引导一般疑问句，whether还可以引导选择疑问句或与or not连用。例如： I believe that our team will win the basketball match. 我相信我们队会赢得这场篮球赛。 She asked me if she could borrow my book. 她问我是否可以借一下我的书。 注意①：只用whether，不用if 的情况： ①所引导的从句作介词宾语时∶ 例如∶ I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ②引导宾语从句，从句置于句首表示强调时。例如∶Whether this is true（or not），I can't tell. ③和动词不定式连用时。 例如∶ I don't know whether to accept or refuse. ④直接与or not 连用时。 例如∶Can you tell me whether or not the train has left? 注意②：辨析if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句。 “if”的含义 if从位置 例句 宾语从句 表“是否” 动词后，作动词的宾语 I don't know if he will come tomorrow. 条件状语从句 表“如果” 表条件，单独作状语 If it is sunny tomorrow,we will go on a picnic. （2）代词：who、whom、whose、what和which。例如： The children didn’t know who the stranger was.孩子们不知道那个陌生人是谁。 Do you know which one is the right answer? 你知道哪个是正确答案吗? （3）副词：when、where、how、why、how many、how often 等。例如： He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. 他想知道什么时候能完成这项艰难的工作。 The teacher asked us how many students there were in the classroom. 老师问我们教室里面有多少人。 （二）宾语从句的语序 ①宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即：引导词+主语+谓语+其他。如： Lucy wanted to know if I could make a cake for you.露西想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。 ②引导词在从句中作主语时，语序不变，即：引导词(充当主语)+谓语+其他。如： Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。 (who是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词would give的主语，本身已是陈述句语序，不需再变。) ③What’s wrong with…？在宾语从句中语序不变。如： I want to know what’s wrong with you.我想知道你怎么了。 （三）宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择相应的任何时态。 例句：He says that he went to Beijing last month. The headmaster hopes everything goes well. 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。 例句：He asked what time it was. My father said the he had already seen the movie. My father said he was watching TV at that time. 3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。 例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. （四）宾语从句的简化和否定前移 1. 宾语从句的简化 ①当主句的谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时 ,从句经常简化为“宾语＋宾补”的结构 ,宾补是不带to的不定式或动词ing形式。如 : 　　例句：She found that the bag lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the bag lie/lying on the ground. ②当主句的谓语动词是 hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等 ,并且主句主语与从句主语一 致时 ,从句可 以简化为不定式结构。 例句：She decided that she would play basketball with me. →She decided to play basketball with me. ③在疑问词引导的宾语从句中 , 当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时 ,从句可以简化为“疑问词＋不 定式”结构 。 如 : 例句：Can you tell me how I can get to the station？→Can you tell me how to get to the station？ 例句：She hasn’t decided when she will visit her parents.→ She hasn’t decided when to visit her parents. 2.宾语从句否定前移 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【特别警示】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 1、 单项选择 1．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—Can you imagine ________ on Mars? —No, it’s hard to picture. A．how would life be B．what life would be C．how life would be like D．what life would be like 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能想象火星上的生活会是什么样子的吗？——不，这很难想象。 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，宾语从句应是陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语（+其它）”，故A选项错误；根据句意可知此处表达“生活是什么样的”，询问“生活是什么样的”且是一般将来时应用句型how would life be或what would life be like，改为陈述语序应为how life would be或what life would be like。故选D。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Ms. Cai seems familiar with Huocheng in Xinjiang. —So she does. She was a volunteer teacher there. Can you guess ________? A．how long she has been there B．how long she was there C．how long has she been there D．how long was she there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蔡女士似乎对新疆的霍城很熟悉。——确实如此。她曾在那里当志愿教师。你能猜出她在那里待了多久吗？ 考查宾语从句的语序。空格处为宾语从句，需用陈述语序，选项C和D为疑问语序，所以排除。根据“She was a volunteer teacher there”，可知她过去在新疆支教，现在已离开，因此，询问她“待了多久”需用过去时(how long she was there)，故选B。 3．（2025·江苏扬州·一模）—I’m going to study abroad, but I’m really nervous. I have no idea ______. —Take it easy. You can start by making a list of things to prepare. A．how can I get ready for it B．what I should do first C．that I need to take some courses in advance D．if the language barrier was a big problem 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我打算出国留学，但我真的很紧张。我不知道我首先应该做什么。  ——放轻松。你可以从列一个要准备的事情的清单开始。 考查宾语从句。how can I get ready for it我怎样才能准备好它呢，是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句需用陈述句语序的要求；what I should do first我首先应该做什么，符合语境，且是陈述句语序；that I need to take some courses in advance我需要提前上一些课程，不符合语境；if the language barrier was a big problem语言障碍是否是个大问题，时态为一般过去时，而前面句子语境是一般现在时，时态不一致。根据语境及“start by...”可知，表达“不知道首先该做什么”更合适。故选B。 4．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—I am wondering ________ you’d like to come to my party tomorrow. —I’m afraid I can’t. Because I’m not feeling well these days. A．how B．why C．when D．whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我在想你是否愿意来参加我明天的聚会。——恐怕不行，因为我这几天不太舒服。 考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何；why为什么；when何时；whether是否。根据“you’d like to come to my party tomorrow.”及“I’m afraid I can’t.”可知，此处表示“是否愿意”，需用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 5．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）—I wonder ________ we can do to protect animals in danger. —We can raise money and stop killing them. A．how B．what C．when D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道我们能做什么来保护濒危动物。——我们可以筹集资金然后停止杀害它们。 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；what什么；when什么时候；why为什么。wonder后面是宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少宾语，然后根据答句可知是做什么来保护濒危动物。故选B。 6．（2025·江苏常州·一模）—The 9th Asian Winter Games opened in Harbin, making the city the center of attention for China’s winter tourists once again. —I wonder ________. A．that the traffic was heavy there B．if it was a big success or not C．how many medals China achieved D．when did the event begin 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——第九届亚洲冬季运动会在哈尔滨开幕，使这座城市再次成为中国冬季游客的关注中心。——我想知道中国获得了多少奖牌。 考查宾语从句。that the traffic was heavy there那里的交通很拥挤；if it was a big success or not表述错误；how many medals China achieved中国获得了多少奖牌；when did the event begin活动什么时候开始的，疑问语序。根据“I wonder”可知，后面为宾语从句，语序为陈述语序，应想知道关于冬季运动会的情况。故选C。 7．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）—Can you tell me ________? —Oh, they’re more useful than the old ones. A．what do you think of our new textbook B．what you think of our new textbooks C．where do you find our new textbooks D．where you find our new textbooks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你对我们的新课本有什么看法吗？ ——哦，它们比旧课本更有用。 考查宾语从句。根据“Can you tell me …”可知，句子为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A和C；又根据答语“Oh, they’re more useful than the old ones.”可知，它们比旧的更有用，所以此处是询问对新课本的看法，而不是问在哪里找到新课本，应用what引导宾语从句，排除D。故选B。 8．（2025·安徽宣城·一模）—Could you tell me ________ I can learn Taichi well? —You can start by taking online courses. A．where B．what C．how D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能学好太极拳吗？——你可以从参加在线课程开始。 考查宾语从句的引导词。where哪里，询问地点；what什么，询问事物；how怎样，询问方式、方法；when什么时候，询问时间。根据答语“You can start by taking online courses.”可知，这是在说明学习太极拳的方法，所以问句是询问“怎样”学好太极拳，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。 9．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Could you tell me ______? —Better than I expected. A．when did you take your exams B．how your speech was C．if you went to the concert D．why you have left your hometown 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的演讲怎么样了吗？——比我预期的要好。 考查宾语从句。when did you take your exams你什么时候参加考试；how your speech was你的演讲怎么样了；if you went to the concert你是否去音乐会；why you have left your hometown你为什么离开你的家乡。根据“Better than I expected.”是一种评价可知，B选项符合题意。故选B。 10．（2025·四川广元·一模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me where ______ some toys? —Yes. They are on the second floor. A．I can get B．can I get C．I get D．do I get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我在哪里可以买到玩具吗？——可以。它们在二楼。 考查宾语从句的语序。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述语序，因此排除B项和D项；此处是询问对方自己在哪里可以买到玩具，要借助情态动词can，因此排除C项。故选A。 11．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）To know ______ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it. A．what B．when C．where D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：要知道山顶看起来是什么样子的，你需要到达那里。 考查宾语从句引导词。what什么，……的样子；when何时；where何地；how如何。空格后是宾语从句，从句中缺少looks like的宾语，需用what指代“……的样子”。故选A。 12．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—I wonder ________ when you are in Guangxi. —To Guilin. Guilin landscape is best. A．where you would like to go B．how you would like to go around C．if you are going to visit Beihai D．with whom you would like to go around 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道当你在广西时你想去哪里。——去桂林。桂林山水甲天下。 考查宾语从句。where you would like to go你想去哪里；how you would like to go around你想怎么去周边；if you are going to visit Beihai你是否打算去游览北海；with whom you would like to go around你想要和谁一起去。根据“To Guilin”可知是问去哪里，故选A。 13．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）Just now my mom asked me if I ________ shopping with her. If I ________ need to work, I will go with her tomorrow. A．go; won’t B．will go; won’t C．would go; don’t D．would go; will 【答案】C 【详解】句意：刚才我妈妈问我是否愿意和她一起去购物。如果我不需要工作，我明天就和她一起去。 考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。第一空所在句子为if引导的宾语从句，根据“Just now my mom asked me”可知，主句时态一般过去时，根据“tomorrow”可知，从句应用过去将来时，其谓语结构为would do。第二空所在句子为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句应用一般现在时。故选C。 14．（2025·安徽蚌埠·一模）—Could you please tell me ________ you always give away your clothes to the community? —I hope they can come to the poor area where people need them. A．when B．why C．how D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么总是把你的衣服捐赠给社区吗？——我希望这些衣服能到有需要的贫困地区去。 考查宾语从句。when何时；why为什么；how怎样；whether是否。根据“I hope they can come to the poor area where people need them.”可知，答句是在解释捐赠衣服的原因，所以用why引导宾语从句。故选B。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）At the science museum, the children get to know ______! A．what is the spaceship like B．what the spaceship looks like C．how the spaceship looks like D．how does the spaceship look like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在科学博物馆，孩子们开始了解宇宙飞船是什么样子！ 考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AD；look like看起来像，后应接宾语，what作为这个短语的宾语，how不可以，故选B。 16．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —In the supermarket. A．where I can buy this kind of CD player B．where can I buy this kind of CD player C．if I can buy this kind of CD player D．if can I buy this kind of CD player 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我在哪儿能买到这种类型的CD播放器？——在超市。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，选项BD是疑问语序，故排除；根据答句“In the supermarket”可知，问句应该是问“地点”，所以用疑问词where，故选A。 17．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）—Do you know ________ Jimmy is crying now? —She isn’t satisfied with the result of the competition. She always wants to get first prize. A．when B．where C．why D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道Jimmy现在为什么哭吗？——她不满意比赛的结果。她总是想要拿第一。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。when什么时候；where在哪里；why为什么；how怎样。根据“She isn’t satisfied with the result of the competition. She always wants to get first prize.”可知，此处是在询问原因。故选C。 18．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—What’s your plan for tomorrow? —I want to go out. But I don’t know ________. A．where should I go B．how the weather will be C．which bus should I take D．that the museum is worth a visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你明天有什么计划？——我想出去。但我不知道天气会怎样。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序，排除选项A和选项C；根据“What’s your plan for tomorrow”可知，从句时态应该为将来时，结合“I don’t know”可知，D选项不符合语境。故选B。 19．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）John promised that he ________ my computer, but he broke his word. A．will fix B．had fixed C．has fixed D．would fix 【答案】D 【详解】句意：约翰承诺他会修理我的电脑，但他食言了。 考查时态。“John promised”表明主句是一般过去时，在宾语从句中，当主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。根据“John promised that he…my computer”可知，“修理电脑”这个动作在“promised”这个动作之后，所以要用过去将来时，其结构为“would+动词原形”，故选D。 20．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查动词时态。travel是动词，意为“旅行，传播”；宾语从句阐述的是科学事实，故用一般现在时。主语light是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。 21．（2025·安徽宿州·一模）—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting in two days? —He won’t, unless he ________. A． will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites D．attends; will invite 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你介意告诉我他两天后是否会参加会议吗？——他不会，除非他被邀请。 考查从句的时态。第一空，根据“Would you mind telling me if he ... the meeting in two days?”可知，此处为if引导的宾语从句，主句为现在时，从句看语境，根据“in two days”可知，从句时态为一般将来时；第二空，根据“He won’t, unless he”可知，此处为unless引导的条件状语从句，通常从句用一般现在时表示将来，而主句用将来时，且此处需被动语态（“被邀请”）。故选A。 22．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The company thought that DeepSeek ________ the way people work and live. A．has changed B．was changing C．would change D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：公司认为DeepSeek将改变人们的工作和生活方式。 考查动词时态。has changed已经改变，现在完成时；was changing正在改变，过去进行时；would change将会改变，过去将来时；will change将会改变，一般将来时。根据句中的“thought”可知，从句要用过去的时态，排除A/D选项，此处指的是“DeepSeek将会改变人们的工作和生活方式”，此处应用过去将来时，故选C。 23．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Our teacher told us that sound _________faster in water than in the air. A．travels B．traveled C．was traveling D．has traveled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们，声音在水中比在空气中传播得快。 考查时态。句子是宾语从句，从句描述的是客观事实，故从句仍用一般现在时，主语是sound，谓语动词用单三。故选A。 24．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）Sarah wanted to know ________. A．who will be responsible for the office B．what the matter was with the printer C．whether the boy had understood her instructions D．that the meeting would be held next Tuesday 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莎拉想知道男孩是否理解了她的指示。 考查宾语从句的时态和语序。根据主句“Sarah wanted to know”可知，主句时态是过去时，从句时态也用过去时，排除A项，根据宾语从句用陈述句语序，可排除B项，D项引导词不正确。故选C。 25．（2024·北京房山·一模）—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holiday? —Oh, my friends and I plan to visit some famous places along the Silk Road. A． where are you going B．where did you go C．where you are going D．where you went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你要去哪里度假吗？——哦，我和我的朋友计划参观丝绸之路沿线的一些著名景点。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除AB选项；再根据“my friends and I plan to visit some famous places along the Silk Road.”可知，事情还未做，时态应用一般将来时。故选C。 二、完成句子 1．通过这种方式，顾客可以省钱，但他们无法决定能吃什么。 In this way, customers can save money, but they can’t decide . 【答案】 what they can eat 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“（他们）能吃什么”；动词decide后接what“什么”引导宾语从句；they“他们”，作从句主语；从句为一般现在时，用情态动词can“能”后接动词原形eat“吃”，构成谓语。故填what；they；can；eat。 2．我问妈妈是否愿意和我一起去看这部电影。 I asked my mother to see the film with me. 【答案】 if/whether she would like 【详解】if/whether“是否”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，此处指的是“妈妈”，应用she指代，作从句主语，would like to do sth“想要做某事”，故填if/whether；she；would；like。 3．许多学生想知道为什么他们需要参加关于压力的讲座。 Many students may wonder attend the lecture on pressure. 【答案】 why they need/have to 【详解】根据中英对照和分析句子结构可知，动词wonder后接why“为什么”引导宾语从句；they“他们”，作从句主语；need to do sth.“需要做某事”/have to do sth.“不得不做某事”，从句时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填why；they；need/have；to。 4．这是她第一次来中国，她不知道她是否能明白中文。 She wondered Chinese because it was her first time to come to China. 【答案】 if/whether she could understand 【详解】根据中文提示及所给英文可知，此处考查if/whether“是否”引导的宾语从句，she“她”作主语，时态遵循“主过从过”原则，情态动词can“能”变形为过去式could，后接动词原形understand“理解”。故填if/whether；she；could；understand。 5. 以前我的英语不是很好。我问老师如何能提高英语，她建议我去看一些有趣的英语电影。 I used to be poor at English. I asked my teacher my English and she suggested watching some interesting English movies 【答案】how I could improve 【详解】根据中英文可知，how I can/could improve“如何能提高”，空所在句为宾语从句，主句中asked为动词过去式，从句此处也用过去的时态，使用could，宾语从句使用陈述句语序，故填how I could improve。 6. 后来，他的同学教他如何高效地记住诗歌。 Later, his classmate taught him poems efficiently. 【答案】 how he could remember 【详解】根据汉语提示以及英语句子可知，此处应为宾语从句，所缺汉语意思为“教他如何记住”，因此应用how引导宾语从句，意为“如何”，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他；he“他”；主句谓语动词“taught”为一般过去时，因此从句的谓语动词要用表示过去的时态，因此用could remember意为“可以记住”。故填how；he；could；remember。 7. 他的队友们问他是否准备好在今年带领队伍。 His teammates asked him to lead the team this year. 【答案】 if he was ready 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“他是否准备好”的英文表达。“他”he；“是否”if，此处应为if引导的宾语从句；“准备好”be ready，结合主句中“asked”可知句子是一般过去时，从句主语为三单，故从句中is要变为was。故填if；he；was；ready。 8. 然后我们开始思考如果洪水再次发生，我们应该准备些什么。 Then I began to think about if a flood happened again. 【答案】 what we should prepare 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“我们应该准备些什么”的英文内容。句中介词“about”后接宾语从句，使用“what”引导从句，使用陈述句语序，“应该”英文表达为“should”，“准备”英文为“prepare”。“我们应该准备”表达为“we should prepare”。故填what；we；should；prepare。 9. 以前我的英语不是很好。我问老师如何能提高英语，她建议我去看一些有趣的英语电影。 I used to be poor at English. I asked my teacher my English and she suggested watching some interesting English movies 【答案】 how I could improve 【详解】根据中英文可知，improve“提高”；how I can/could improve“如何能提高”，空所在句为宾语从句，主句中asked为动词过去式，从句此处也用过去的时态，使用could，宾语从句使用陈述句语序，故填how；I；could；improve。 10. 但到最后一题时，他们不知道答案是什么。 But when it came to the last one, they didn’t know . 【答案】 what the answer was 【详解】宾语从句要用陈述句语序，“什么”用连接词“what”，“答案”是“the answer” ，“是”这里用过去式“was”，因为前面主句的时态是一般过去时“didn’t know” ，宾语从句要和主句时态保持一致。故填what；the；answer；was。 11. 凯特思考她如何可以自己把实验做好。 Kate thought about the experiment well on her own. 【答案】 how she could do 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“她如何可以做”；how“如何”，引导宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序；she“她”；can“能，可以”，句子时态为一般过去时，用could；do“做”。故填how；she；could；do。 12. 汤姆不知道他能否坚持下来，但他还是决定尝试一下。 Tom didn’t know keep on exercising, but he decided to give it a try. 【答案】 whether/if he could 【详解】根据中英文对照，可知缺少“他能否”，是否“whether/if”，他“he”，能“can”，根据“Tom didn’t know...”可知，此处为宾语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句也应使用过去的某种时态，故此处can应用其过去式could。故填whether/if；he；could。 13. 他认为缸可以用石头打破。 He thought the tank    with a stone. 【答案】 could be broken 【详解】根据“thought…”可知宾语从句中用过去时，第一空用could表示“可以”；break“打破”，主语the tank与谓语break之间是被动关系，故用含有情态动词could的被动语态could be done。broken是break的过去分词。故填could；be；broken。 14. 你能告诉我今天早上为什么迟到吗？ Can you tell me this morning? 【答案】 why you were late 【详解】分析句子结构可知，句子为含宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为一般现在时，从句中“this morning”提示时态为一般过去时，用陈述语序；why“为什么”，用来引导宾语从句；you“你”，作主语；be late“迟到”，be动词用were。故填why；you；were；late。 15. I don’t know what I should do to improve my English. (改为同义句) I don’t know what to improve my English. 【答案】 to do 【详解】句意：我不知道该怎么做才能提高我的英语水平。根据题干可知，原句是what引导的宾语从句，且主从句主语一致，故同义句可以改成“疑问词+不定式”，即what to do“做什么”。故填to；do。 2、 状语从句 1.（2024年·广州中考·真题）They walked along the beach they came to a small house with a sign saying Penguin Care Centre. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他们沿着海滩走，直到他们来到了一个小房子前，房子的牌子上写着“企鹅护理中心”。 if 如果；when 当……时；unless 除非；until直到。根据“ walked along the beach... they came to a small house”可知，应是一直走，直到到写着“企鹅护理中心”的小房子前。故选D。 2.（2024年·广州中考·真题）这种赛跑太难，他们训练时总是摔倒。 This kind of race was hard they kept falling over while practising. 【答案】 so that 【详解】根据“hard...they kept...”可知此处是so adj. that...“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。 3. （2024年·深圳中考·真题）When he was asked the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ‘I’, only ‘we’. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：没有“我”，只有“我们”。空格前后存在转折关系，根据“no”可知用“no…but…”表示“不是……而是……”，因此用but连接。故填but。 4. （2023年·广州中考·真题）Every morning, Little Six would rise the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. A．before B．after C．until D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每天早上小六赶在太阳升起之前起来。 before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；if如果。根据“...the sun even came up.”可知是在太阳升起之前起来。故选A。 5. （2023年·广东省中考·真题）For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair pig hair was too hard. 【答案】because 【详解】句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示“因为”。故填because。 6.（2022年·广东省中考·真题）She loved singing and dancing she was a little girl. A．if B．when C．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当她还是个小女孩的时候，她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 if如果；when当……时；because因为。根据“She loved singing and dancing...she was a little girl.”可知，当她还是个小女孩的时候就喜欢唱歌和跳舞了，用when引导时间状语从句，故选B。 7.（2022年·广州省中考·真题） I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot dirtier than I thought. A. If B. Unless C. When D. Though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我把手从水里拿出来时，我注意到水比我想象的要脏得多。 If如果；Unless除非；When当……时；Though虽然。根据“…I took my hand out of the water, I noticed that the water was a lot…than I thought.”可知，此处指当我……时，使用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。 8．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在春天懒惰，秋天你将一无所获。 考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句需用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。 9．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词，你就会忘记它们。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often use them.”可知，除非经常使用，否则会忘记的，故选B。 10.（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee，尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。 考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；though尽管；whether是否。分析句子可知，虽然Coffee把家里弄得很乱，但是每个人都喜欢它，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 状语从句的定义 用来修饰动词和形容词，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间，地点，原因等等的句子叫做状语从句。 状语从句的分类 一、时间状语从句 二、原因状语从句 三、条件状语从句 四、让步状语从句 五、目的状语从句 六、结果状语从句 七、比较状语从句 考向1 状语从句的从属连词（重点考向） 分类 连接词 例句 时间 状语从句 when/while/as, before, after, since, until, as soon as She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. He often went to the concert while he stayed in Berlin. I didn’t go to bed until she came back. 条件 状语从句 if, as long as, unless I’ll go to see you if I have time. They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday 原因 状语从句 because, since, as, for He didn’t catch the first bus because he got up too late. We should study hard since we are students. 目的 状语从句 so that, in order that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it. 结果 状语从句 so that, so…that/such…that It’s so hot that we want to go swimming. It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away. 让步 状语从句 though/although, even if Although it’s raining hard, they are still working hard in the field. 比较 状语从句 than, as…as, not as/so…as He ran as fast as Mike. 考向2 状语从句的时态 状语从句的时态(主将从现)也是一个常考点。 I will call you when I arrive in Guangzhou. You won’t make progress unless you work hard. 1、 单项选择 1.（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The novel Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ most teenagers enjoy reading it. A．so; that B．too; to C．such; that D．enough; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小说《西游记》很有趣，大多数青少年都喜欢读。 考查结果状语从句。so…that如此……以至于，so修饰形容词或副词；too…to太……而不能；such…that如此……以至于，such修饰名词；enough…to足够……，接动词原形。根据“interesting… most teenagers enjoy reading it.”可知，第一个空后是形容词interesting，且此处是说如此有趣，以至于大多数青少年都喜欢读。故选A。 2.（2025·安徽淮南·一模）—Will China make great progress in space projects? —I think so ________ we keep working on them. A．unless B．but C．if D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——中国在太空项目上会取得很大的进步吗？——如果我们继续致力于此，我想会的。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；but但是；if如果；or否则，或者。根据语境可知，空后“we keep working on them”是“China will make great progress in space projects”的条件，此处应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 3．（2025·安徽芜湖·一模）— The road up to the top of the mountain is still closed till the snow weather is over. — It’s necessary, ________ it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather. A．if B．whether C．as D．although 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——通往山顶的道路仍然关闭，直到下雪天气结束。——这是必要的，因为下雪天上山很危险。 考查连词辨析。if如果；whether是否；as因为；although虽然。横线前“It’s necessary”是对上面对话的肯定，即下雪天关闭上山的路是很有必要的，横线后所述“it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the snowy weather.”是关闭道路的原因，因为雪天上山很危险。故选C。 4．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）You mustn’t touch the machines unless you ________. A．are allowed to B．are allowed C．aren’t allowed to D．aren’t allowed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你禁止触摸这些机器，除非你被允许。 考查被动语态。unless引导条件状语从句，主句是含有情态动词mustn’t的句子，从句用一般现在时；在从句中，you是主语，allow是谓语动词，you和allow之间是被动关系，谓语需要用被动语态“are allowed to”，表示“被允许做某事”，从句为肯定句。故选A。 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Sally never feels lonely ________ she lives thousands of miles away from her hometown. A．if B．though C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：萨莉从不觉得孤单，尽管她住在离家数千英里远的地方。 考查连词辨析。if如果；though尽管；unless除非。根据“Sally never feels lonely”和“she lives thousands of miles away from her hometown.”可知，前后两句是转折让步关系，though引导的让步状语从句，符合语境，故选B。 6．（2025·江苏盐城·一模）Lucy held her head up like a queen ________ Bill was telling his tale. A．him B．before C．while D．until 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当比尔讲故事的时候，露茜像女王一样昂起了头。 考查连词辨析。him他，he的宾格；before 在……之前；while 当……的时候；until 直到……。根据句意和逻辑关系可知，这里应该为while引导的时间状语从句，表示“当Bill讲故事的时候”。故选C。 7．（2025·江西南昌·一模）—Oh, it’s too late now. I have to leave for home. —But it is raining heavily outside. You’d better wait here ________ it stops. A．since B．till C．though D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哦，现在太晚了。我得回家了。——但外面雨下得很大。你最好在这里等到雨停。 考查连词辨析。since自从；till直到；though尽管；if如果。根据“You’d better wait here ... it stops.”可知建议等到雨停再走，用till引导时间状语从句。故选B。 8．（2025·吉林长春·一模）While her brother ________ video games upstairs, Mary ________ a novel in the garden quietly. A．plays; is reading B．is playing; reads C．is playing; is reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她的哥哥在楼上玩电子游戏时，玛丽正在花园里安静地读一本小说。 考查动词时态。根据“While her brother … video games upstairs, Mary … a novel in the garden quietly.”可知，本题考查while引导的时间状语从句的时态，while引导的从句通常表示两个动作同时进行，强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间内持续发生，所以主从句都用现在进行时。故选C。 9．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Perhaps you should ask someone else for help ________ you can’t solve the problem. A．so B．since C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：既然你解决不了这个问题，也许你应该找别人帮忙。 考查连词辨析。so所以；since既然；unless除非。根据“you can’t solve the problem”可知，此处指“既然你解决不了这个问题”，故选B。 10．（2025·安徽·一模）Living in a fast-developing world, we will fall behind ________ we keep learning. A．if B．since C．after D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：生活在一个快速发展的世界里，除非我们不断学习，否则我们将落后。 考查连词辨析。if如果；since自从；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“we will fall behind…we keep learning”以及结合选项可知，此处指除非我们不断学习，否则我们将落后。故选D。 11．（2025·黑龙江·一模）—I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. —Well, if it ________, we won’t go for a picnic. A．rains; rains B．will rain; will rain C．will rain；rains 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道明天是否会下雨。——嗯，如果明天下雨，我们就不会去野餐了。 考查if的用法。第一个if 引导宾语从句，根据“tomorrow”可知用一般将来时，即will rain；第二个if 引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时won’t go，从句用一般现在时rains，故选C。 12．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）We decided to stay indoors and play games ___________ it was raining. A．unless B．although C．since D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为下雨了，我们决定待在室内做游戏。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；although尽管；since因为；so因此。根据“it was raining.”可知，后文给出下雨是导致他们待在室内的原因。故选C。 13．（2025·安徽合肥·一模）Try to help someone in need, ________ it’s lending a listening ear or offering a praise. A．because B．whether C．though D．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：试着去帮助那些身处困境的人，无论是倾听还是赞美。 考查从属连词辨析。because因为；whether无论；though虽然；unless除非。根据“Try to help someone in need...it’s lending a listening ear or offering a praise.”可知，这句话结构是“Try to help... whether it’s A or B”，表示“无论是A还是B都尽力帮助”；“whether...or...”固定搭配，此处应用whether引导让步状语从句。故选B。 14.（2025·安徽铜陵·一模）Amy was lost in reading ________ a stranger rushed in. She was quite scared. A．as soon as B．when C．although D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当一个陌生人冲进来时，Amy正全神贯注地看书。她非常害怕。 考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；when当……时；although尽管；after在……之后。分析句子结构可知，空格前后是两个完整的句子，因此是主从句结构，描述Amy正在看书，有一个陌生人冲进来，空格处表示“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作正在进行时，另一动作突然发生。故选B。 15．（2025·吉林长春·一模）Uncle John goes to work on foot ________ he doesn’t live close to his work place. A．while B．though C．since D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：约翰叔叔步行上班，尽管他住得离工作地点不近。 考查连词用法。while当……时；though尽管；since自从；if如果，是否。根据空前后关系可知，空处表让步关系，需though来引导让步状语从句。故选B。 二、完成句子 1.为了能更快、更好地理解主要内容, 你最好不要逐词阅读这篇文章。 You’d better not read the article word by word you can understand the main ideas faster and better. 【答案】 so that 【详解】根据汉语提示及“You’d better not read the article word by word...you can understand the main ideas faster and better.”可知，此处缺少为了。so that“为了”，符合语境，引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。 2.汤姆进步如此之快以至于他这学期加入了校篮球队。 Tom made progress fast he joined the school basketball team this term. 【答案】 so that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。 3.她是如此好的一个女孩， 每个人都喜欢她。 She is a nice girl everyone likes her. 【答案】 such that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺 “如此……以至于……” 的英文，a nice girl为名词，需用结构“such an(a)+adj.+n+that+从句”，引导结果状语从句。故填such；that。 4.机器人能够做很多无聊的工作，因为它们从来不会感到无聊。 Robots can do many , they never . 【答案】 boring jobs because feel/get bored 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，boring“无聊的”，作定语；job“工作”，many修饰复数名词；because“因为”；feel/get bored表示“感到无聊”。故填boring；jobs；because；feel/get；bored。 5.无论你喜欢西餐还是中餐，总有适合你的！（完成译句） you like Western food Chinese food, there’s always something for you! 【答案】 Whether or 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“无论……还是……”，英文表达是whether...or，第一空位于句首，所以whether的首字母要大写。故填Whether；or。 6.虽然我没有时间去旅行，但我仍然感到很开心。 I had no time to travel, I felt very happy. 【答案】 Though/Although still 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，此句是由though或although引导的让步状语从句，though/although“虽然”，句首字母大写，still“仍然”，副词修饰动词。故填Though/Although；still。 7.无论我将来走到哪里,我都永远不会忘记我的爷爷。 I go , I will never forget my grandpa. 【答案】 Wherever in the future 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，缺少“无论哪里”和“将来”，wherever意为“无论哪里”，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，in the future“将来”，固定短语，作时间状语。故填Wherever；in；the；future。 8.不要在意结果，只要你尽力就好。 Don’t care about the results you try your best. 【答案】as long as 【详解】“只要”as long as，引导条件状语从句。故填as long as。 除非你认真对待这次考试，否则你是无法通过的。 9.You won’t be able to pass the test you take it . 【答案】 unless seriously 【详解】根据所给汉语提示，此处是unless“除非”引导的条件状语从句，seriously“认真地”，副词修饰动词。故填unless；seriously。 10.要购买这批电脑，我们需要一大笔资金。 A great deal of money if we want to buy these computers. 【答案】 will be needed 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“将需要”；主语“A great deal of money”与动词need“需要”是被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据“if we want to buy these computers”可知，句子为条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句时态为一般现在时，主句时态应用一般将来时，所以这里应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，动词need的过去分词为needed。故填will；be；needed。 3、 定语从句 1．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 2．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。 考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 3．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 4．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。 考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知，时态为一般现在时；关系代词who代替先行词musicians，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。 5．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 考向1 定语从句的关系副词 （关系副词不作重点讲） 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 考向2 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。 The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。 关系代词 1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，常可省略。 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 3. 注意：(1) 关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 4. which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 5 注意：定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况： 考向3定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况： (1)当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能为你做点什么吗？ (2)当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用“that”。 Tom told her mother all that had happened. 汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。 This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had. 这是我度过的最美好的时光。 (4)当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。 He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 (5)当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。 This will be the last chance that he can get. 这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。 He is the only person that can help you out. 他是唯一能帮你的人。 (6)先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。 (7)当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。 Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday? 哪本书是他昨天从图书馆借的？ 1．（2025·吉林长春·一模）I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A．who B．which C．what D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会记住我生命中那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who用于指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which用于指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但本题中关系代词在从句中作主语，不能省略。根据本句先行词是“the important people”，指人，且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who。故选A。 2．（2025·四川广元·一模）—I watched a movie ______ touched me a lot last winter vacation. —Really? I’d like to know more about it. A．which B．what C．who D．it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——去年寒假我看了一部让我很感动的电影。——真的吗？我想了解更多关于这部电影的事。 考查定语从句。which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；it它，指示代词，不引导从句。根据“touched me a lot last winter vacation.”可知，定语从句修饰先行词movie，空处作从句的主语，应用which引导。故选A。 3．（2025·广东肇庆·一模）This is not the only film ________ I’ve wished to see. A．which B．that C．whom D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这不是我唯一想看的电影。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词指物或人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人。分析题干可知，先行词是film，指物；先行词被the only修饰，定语从句应用that引导。故选B。 4．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）We all like to make friends with Nancy. She is a nice girl ________ is always ready to offer help when we are in need. A．which B．what C．who D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都喜欢和南希做朋友。她是个好女孩，当我们需要帮助时，她总是乐于伸出援手。 考查定语从句引导词。which在定语从句中指代物；what不能引导定语从句； who在定语从句中指代人，作主语或宾语；whom在定语从句中指代人，作宾语。根据“She is a nice girl...is always ready to offer help when we are in need.”可知，这句话是定语从句；先行词“a nice girl”是人，因此关系代词只能用“who”或“whom”；由“is always ready to offer help”可知此处缺少主语，因此应选择“who”作为主语。故选C。 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Chengdu becomes the third city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airpot. A．that B．which C．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：由于成都天府国际机场的开放，成都成为中国第三个拥有两个机场的城市。 考查定语从句。本句是定语从句，先行词city被序数词the third修饰，且在从句中作主语，因此只能有that引导定语从句。故选A。 6．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua. A．which B．who C．what D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我已经读完了余华写的第一本书。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知这是一个定语从句。which指代的先行词是物；who指代的先行词是人；what引导名词性从句，不用来引导定语从句；that指代的先行词可以是人，也可以是物。先行词book指物，且被the first修饰，当先行词被the first修饰时，只能用that，不能用which。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级下·陕西渭南·阶段练习）—The girl ______ won the first prize is from our class. —Really? I’m so proud of her. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——获得第一名的女孩是我们班的。——真的吗？我太为她自豪了。 考查定语从句。根据“The girl”可知，先行词为人，故排除A；根据“...won the first prize”可知，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故选B。 8．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个以亲切和耐心著称的老师，鼓励我们自信地解决问题。 考查who引导非限制性定语从句。that指代人或物，作主语或宾语；who代指人，作主语或宾语；which代指物，作主语或宾语；whom指代人，只能作宾语。分析句子可知，空白处需填入关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰“the teacher ”，指代“人”，作主语；而根据“is well-known for his kindness and patience”空前有逗号可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句，that不可引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 9．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：纽约是唐纳德·约翰·特朗普出生的州。 考查定语从句。when关系副词，指代时间；where关系副词，指代地点；who关系代词，指代人，通常作主语；which关系代词，指代物，通常作主语或宾语。该句是为定语从句，“where”是关系副词，引导定语从句时本身包含地点含义（相当于“in which”），因此从句中无需再加“in”，从句部分先从词是“state”，且“Donald John Trump was born in”缺少介词“in”的宾语，需用关系代词which充当该宾语。故选D。 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我读过最有趣的书。 考查定语从句。先行词book被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，what不能引导定语从句，而who是指人，故选B。 二、完成句子 1.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests. (改为定语从句) Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas in the forests. 【答案】 that/which live 【详解】句意：科学家说，现在生活在森林里的大熊猫不到2000只。分析句子可知pandas是先行词，属于物，关系代词用that或which，引导定语从句；从句时态是一般现在时，主语是指代复数，所以谓语动词用原形live。故填that/which；live。 2.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 Nothing is difficult to the man try. 【答案】who will/that will 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，“肯攀登”即“会去尝试的人”，空格处应用一个定语从句，从句缺主语，且先行词the man为人，故引导词可用who/that，从句用一般将来时，即will+动词原形。故填who/that will。 3.（2025·贵州·模拟预测）杨波是海嘎村的英雄，他带领着村民走向了幸福的生活。 Yang Bo is a hero in Haiga village villagers to a better life. 【答案】 who/that led 【详解】根据所给句意可知，空白处应用定语从句，先行词“a hero”表示人，应用关系代词who/that，在句中作主语；第二空表示“带领”，用动词lead，根据句意可知，应用一般过去时。故填who/that；led。 4.昨天我收到他的那封信很重要。 The letter I him yesterday is very important. 【答案】 that/which received from 【详解】名词“letter”后是定语从句。表达“收到”用短语“receive from sb.”。根据“昨天”可知是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式“received”。先行词“letter”指的是物，定语从句缺动词“received”的宾语，用关系代词“that”或“which”引导从句。故填that/which；received；from。 5.对此活动感兴趣的师生都可以参加。 Teachers and students the activity can join in. 【答案】 who/that are interested in 【详解】根据句意可知用一般现在时，此处要表示“对此活动感兴趣的师生”，主语后用定语从句，“对……感兴趣”be interested in，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句，结合“Teachers and students”可知从句中be动词用are。故填who/that；are；interested；in。 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$