考点串讲02 选择必修三Unit 1～Unit 4 教材知识梳理-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（译林版2020）

高二下学期·期中考点串讲 重点词汇句型讲解&基础练习 选择性必修三Unit 1-Unit 4 译林版 Unit 1 Wish you were here 1. distinct adj. 截然不同的,有区别的,不同种类的;清楚的,清晰的 归纳拓展 (1)distinction 　　　　　n. 区分,辨别,差别,区别,对比 make a distinction between A and B 区分A和B be distinct from 与……不同 (2)distinguish vt. 区分;辨别;使杰出,使表现突出 vi. 区别,分清;辨别 distinguish sb./sth.from 区分,辨别 distinguish yourself (as sth.) 使出众,使著名 Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other. 那两种观念截然不同。 There is often no clear distinction between formal and informal language. 正式语言和非正式语言之间通常没有明显的区别。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 2. accommodation n. 住处 归纳拓展 accommodate vt. 容纳;使适应;供应;提供住宿 vi. 适应 accommodate with 向……提供;向……供应 accommodate to 顺应;适应 accommodate oneself to 使自己适应(新情况) They offered me free accommodation for a year, and that decided me.  他们为我提供一年的免费住宿,那就使我下定了决心。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 3. harmony n.融洽,和睦;和谐 归纳拓展 (1)harmonious 　　 adj. 和谐的,友好和睦的;协调的 (2)harmoniously adv. 和谐地;融洽地;协调地 (3)in harmony 和谐无间 (be) in harmony with 与……协调一致 In general, Austrian people pay a lot of attention to the environment and try to live in harmony with nature.  通常, 奥地利人很关注环境, 努力与自然和谐相处。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 4. manner n.方式,方法;举止; (manners)礼貌 归纳拓展 (1)have good/bad manners 　　 有/没有礼貌 It’s good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 (2)in a manner 在某种意义/程度上 It's bad manners to make remarks on/upon/about the appearance of others. =It's bad manners to remark on/upon the appearance of others. 对别人的外表评头论足是不礼貌的。 5. consumption n.消耗,消耗量;消费 归纳拓展 consume　　　　　 v.消耗,消费;使充满(强烈的感情) be consumed with sth. (心中)充满,满是(某种情绪或念头) This activity is intended to reduce wasteful consumption and raise interest in the relationship between our lifestyles and our garbage.  这项活动旨在减少浪费的消费,并提高我们对生活方式和垃圾之间关系的兴趣。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 6. contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比,对照 n.差异,差别;对照物 归纳拓展 (1)contrast with 　　　　 与……形成对照 contrast A with/and B 把A和B进行对比 (2)by contrast 相比之下 in contrast to/with 与……形成对比 The approach to learning at this school stands in marked contrast to the traditional methods used at other schools nearby.  这所学校的学习方法和附近其他学校所用的传统方法有着明显的不同。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 7. apart from 除了……外(还),此外;除了……外(都),要不是 (1)set...apart from 把…… 区分开;把……分离 apart from anything else 二话不说;别的不说 be apart from 与……分离 apart from that 此外; 除此之外; 其外 (2)besides (=in addition) 除……以外(还包括) except 除……之外(不包括) ①Apart from/As well as/In addition to my academic studies, I always manage to make the time for what I'm interested in. 除了我的学术研究之外,我还总是设法为我感兴趣的东西腾出时间。 ②I've finished all apart from/except for the last question. 除了最后一道题,我全做完了。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 1 Wish you were here 8. 虚拟倒装 Should you find yourself in one of these subcultures, languages, cuisine, architecture, art and music will define your encounter. 如果你发现自己置身于其中一种亚文化中,那么(它的)语言、饮食、建筑、艺术和音乐都会说明你邂逅的是何种文化。 句型剖析 在if引导的非真实条件句的虚拟语气中,如果if从句的谓语部分含有had, were或should时,我们可以将were, should, had提到句首把句子写成倒装句而将连词if省略。条件句中必须要有should、were、had才能省略,而且倒装之后用一般疑问句来检验。否定词not只能在主语后面。 Were my brother here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。 Had you got up earlier, you would have caught the train. 如果早点起床,你就会赶上火车了。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 1. absence n.缺乏,不存在;缺席 归纳拓展 (1)absence from 　　　 缺席;不在 absence of 缺乏;没有 in/during sb.’s absence 在某人不在时 in the absence of 由于缺乏…… (2)absent adj.缺席的;缺少的;心不在焉的;茫然的 vt.使缺席 be absent from 缺席;不参加 absent-minded adj.心不在焉的;健忘的 On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面,世界上有许多不同群体的人，在缺乏新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。 During/In your absence, our class participated in the Oral English Competition, in which we won first prize.你不在的时候，咱们班参加了英语口语比赛，获得了一等奖。 He gave a warning that we would be punished if we were absent from the meeting.他警告说，如果我们缺席会议，我们将受到惩罚。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 2. bother vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰 vi. 花费时间精力(做某事) n.麻烦,困难 归纳拓展 (not) bother to do/doing sth.　　　　 (不)费心去做某事 bother sb. about/with sth. 为……麻烦某人;用……打扰某人 sb. can’t/couldn’t be bothered (to do sth.) 某人不想费心(去做某事),某人懒得(做某事) It bothers/bothered sb.that... 使某人烦恼的是…… bother with/about 为……而费心,为……操心;打扰 I'm sorry I have bothered you with so many questions. 很抱歉我问了你这么多问题。 It bothers me that I have difficulty learning English. So I am writing to ask for your advice.让我苦恼的是我在学习英语方面有困难，所以我写信向你寻求建议。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 3. occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领, 侵占;使忙于 归纳拓展 (1)occupation 　　　n.占领;职业;工作 (2)be occupied by 被……占有 occupy sb./oneself with (doing) sth./ (in) doing sth. 使某人忙于做……,专心于…… (3)occupied adj.在使用着的,被占用的;专心于……的,忙于……的 be occupied with/in doing 忙于做,专心于做 My energy was segmented and occupied by some trivial matters which had nothing to do with my project. 我的精力被一些与我的项目无关的琐事分割与占据。 As the night was falling, he occupied himself in putting up the tent while I set about making a fire and preparing the food. 随着夜幕降临，他忙着搭帐篷，而我开始生火准备食物。 Helen was fully occupied with her final exam, so we didn't want to bother her. 海伦全身心地忙于期末考试,所以我们不想打扰她。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 4. circumstance n.条件,状况; (circumstances) 境况,(尤指)经济状况 归纳拓展 (1)under/in the circumstances　在这种情况下;既然如此 (2)under/in any circumstances 在任何情况下 (3)under/in no circumstances　决不;一点儿也不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装) I know I can trust her in/under any circumstances. 我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。 Under/In no circumstances would we give up protecting the environment. 无论如何我们都不会放弃保护环境。 Under/In the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 5. exposure n.面临,遭受;揭露; 报道 归纳拓展 (1)expose...to...　 暴露……给……;使……接触…… expose oneself to... 使自己面临……;使自己暴露于…… (2)be exposed to 遭受到;(使)接触到 When we’ve got children, it’s typical of us to give careful thought to how much TV the children are watching and what they’re exposed to.  当我们有孩子的时候,我们通常会仔细考虑孩子看了多少电视,他们接触的电视内容。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 2 Out of this world 6. in view of 鉴于,考虑到 归纳拓展 (1)come into view　　 看得见,进入视野 in view 在视野范围内 have a good view of 清楚地看到;饱览 (2)in one’s view/from one’s point of view 在某人看来 (3)view...as... 把……看作…… In my view/From my point of view, it’s beneficial to forbid students from using smart phones in school. 我认为, 在学校里禁止学生使用智能手机是有益的。 Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water, in view of the low rainfall this year.  鉴于今年降雨量少,居民被告诫不得浪费用水。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 重点词汇句型讲解 1. load vt. & vi.装上，装入 n. 负载；承载量；大量 归纳拓展 (1)load...with... 用……装载…… (2)take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑 (3)loads of＝a load of 许多；大量(修饰可数或不可数名词) His ships were loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions.他的船满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品，船队还对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。 It takes a load off my mind to leave the child in your charge.把孩子交给你管打消了我的顾虑。 Volunteers came with loads of donated clothing and toys.志愿者们带来了大量捐赠的衣物和玩具。 Unit 3 Back to the past 2. strengthen vt. & vi.加强，增强 归纳拓展 (1)strength n. [C]长处；强项；[U]力量；体力 build up one's strength/body 强身健体 with all one's strength 用尽全力 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 The strength of...is that... ……的优点是…… (2)strong adj. 强壮的 ①Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进中国对海外诸邦的了解。 ②I join the basketball team, where I not only learn the importance of teamwork but also build up my strength/body.我加入篮球队，从中我不但了解了团队合作的重要性，而且增强了我的体质。 ③It is important to know your own strengths and weaknesses.了解自己的优缺点很重要。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 3. dismiss vt. 不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 归纳拓展 dismiss...as... 因认为……而不予以考虑 dismiss...from one's mind 从头脑中摒除……，不再考虑…… dismiss sb. from sth. 解除某人……职务 dismiss sb. for sth. 因某事解雇某人 To her disappointment，her parents dismissed her suggestion as unrealistic. 令她失望的是，她的父母以不切实际为由拒绝了她的建议。 While travelling，you can dismiss your work from your mind and relax yourself. 旅行时，你可以忘掉你的工作，放松一下。 It is said that the young man was dismissed for being dishonest. 据说那个年轻人因不诚实而被解雇了。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 4. acknowledge vt. 承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 归纳拓展 (1)acknowledge...to be/as... 承认……是/为…… acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做了某事 It is (widely) acknowledged that... 人们(普遍)认为…… (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢；收件复函 in acknowledgement of 为感谢…… Professor Hawking is acknowledged as/to be one of the world's greatest physicists.霍金教授被公认为世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。 He grudgingly acknowledged having made a mistake.他勉强承认犯了错误。 It is acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 众所周知，财富并不一定意味着幸福。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 5. insist vi. & vt. 坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 归纳拓展 insist on doing sth. 执意继续做 insist on/upon sth. 坚决要求 insist that... 坚持认为……；坚决要求…… She insists on us eating healthy food. 她坚持要我们吃健康的食物。 The teacher insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of to do the work well.老师坚持主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。 The doctor argues against smoking and insists that it is beyond argument that smoking is harmful to health. 医生反对吸烟，并坚持认为吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 重点词汇句型讲解 6. panic(panicked, panicked) n. 惊慌；恐慌vi.& vt.(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 归纳拓展 (1)in panic 惊慌失措地 get into a panic 陷入恐慌 (2)panic...into doing sth. 使……惊慌地做某事 The men on board were in panic.船上的人们都陷入了恐慌。 There's no point getting into a panic about the exams. 对考试惊慌失措是没有意义的。 Hearing the sound, the deer was panicked into running straight for the headlights.听到声音，这头鹿惊慌失措地径直跑向前灯。 Unit 3 Back to the past 7. convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 归纳拓展 (1)convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb.that... 使某人相信…… (2)convinced adj. 确信的；坚信不疑的 be convinced of sth. 确信；坚信；深信 be convinced that... 相信…… (3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 Finally，her son convinced her to receive an operation immediately. 最后，她的儿子说服她立即接受手术。 You'll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你对这份工作的热情。 Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.哥伦布深信来到了东印度群岛，便将生活在岛上的土著人称为印第安人。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 3 Back to the past 8. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶，使吃惊 归纳拓展 (1)It astonishes sb.that... 令某人惊讶的是…… (2)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 (3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 (4)astonishment n. 惊讶；惊异 to one's astonishment 令某人吃惊的是 in astonishment 惊讶地，惊奇地 It astonishes me that he can speak six languages.令我惊讶的是他会说6种语言。 After arriving there, we were all astonished by what we saw—the enormous green watermelon fields.到达那里后，我们都被眼前的景象惊呆了——巨大的绿色西瓜田。 He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去10年里发生了怎样的变化。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 1. preserve vt. 维护,保护,保存;维持 归纳拓展 (1)preservation 　 n. 保护(存,藏);维持(护) (2)preserve sb./sth. from sth. 保护某人/某物免受…… (3)preserved adj. 保存的;腌制的 well-preserved adj. 保存良好的 There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 We will visit some of the well­preserved Roman monuments in the world.我们将参观一些世界上保存完好的罗马纪念碑。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 2. urgent adj. 紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的 归纳拓展 (1)urgency 　　　　 n.紧急;催促;紧急的事 urgently adv.迫切地;紧急地;急切地 (2)in urgent need of 急需 (3)urge vt.督促;极力主张;驱策 n.强烈的欲望;冲动 urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事 urge sth.on sb. 极力主张某人做某事 It is urged that sb.(should) do sth.=It’s urgent for sb.to do sth. 极力主张某人做某事 feel/have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事 The people in the earthquake­stricken area are in urgent need of food, medicine and shelters.地震灾区的人们急需食物、药品和避难所。 Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.家长要积极督促他们的孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 3. ruin vt. 破坏,毁坏;使破产,毁灭 n. 毁坏,毁灭;破产;残垣断壁 归纳拓展 (1)be/lie in ruins　　 成为废墟;毁坏;严重受损 (2)the ruins of sth. (组织、体制、思想等的)残余部分;……的遗址 (3)fall/go/come into ruin (因缺乏照料而)衰落,败落 (4)ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉 (5)be/get ruined 被毁了 (6)ruin oneself 自取灭亡 Giving up learning means ruining yourself. 放弃学习意味着毁了你自己。 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 重点词汇句型讲解 4. assess vt. 评估,评定;估算 归纳拓展 (1)be assessed as sth. 被评审为…… assess sth.at... 对……估价为…… (2)assessment 　　　　n.估定(数量);估价;评估 make an assessment of 对……做出评价 assessor n. 顾问;评判员 Lazikou National Forest Park was founded in 1999, and in 2003 it was assessed as a national Forest Park.  腊子口国家森林公园始建于1999年,2003年被评审为国家级森林公园。 The value of this property is assessed at one million dollars. 这笔财产估价为100万美元。 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 5. submit vt. & vi. 提交，呈递；屈服 归纳拓展 (1)submit...to... 向……提交…… submit to 服从于；屈从于 submit sb./oneself to 使某人甘受……；服从…… (2)submission n. 提交，呈递；屈服，顺从 in submission to 顺从……，服从……，听从…… (3)submissive adj. 唯命是从的，顺从的 ①If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to Smart Animals. 如果你想跟读者分享你的宠物的故事，你需要给《聪明的动物》投稿。 ②In desperation, Mrs.Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以减轻疼痛。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 6. ban vt. 明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n. 禁令 归纳拓展 (1)ban sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 ban doing sth. 禁止做某事 (2)a ban on... 关于……的禁令 put a ban on 禁止 ①He was banned from driving for three years because of the accident he caused.因为他造成的那起事故，他被禁驾3年。 ②The teacher banned using mobile phones at his class. 老师禁止在他的课堂上使用手机。 ③He supports a global ban on nuclear test. 他支持全球禁止核试验。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 7. take shape 成形,有了模样 归纳拓展 (1)in shape 处于良好状态; 处于良好状况; 有形 take shape 具体化,成形,形成 out of shape 身体状况不佳;走样 in the shape of 呈……的形状,以……的形式 The plan began to take shape in my mind, and I seized the inspiration and started working at once.  The government provides money in the shape of student grants and student loans.  政府以助学金和学生贷款的形式提供资金。 重点词汇句型讲解 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 8. The + 比较级, the+比较级 The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the more likely we are to treat them with respect. 我们越是承认我们的遗产具有突出的普遍价值,我们就越有可能尊重它们。  归纳拓展 (1)The + 比较级, the+比较级 在通常情况下,前一个“the+比较级”相当于比较状语从句,后一个“the+比较级”为主句。 (2)若表示“越……越不……”时,常用“the more..., the less...”句型。 (3)若表示“越不……就越……”时,常用“the less..., the more...”句型。 ①The harder you study，the more progress you will make. 你学习越刻苦，取得的进步就越大。 ②As summer is coming，the day is becoming longer and longer. 随着夏天的到来，白天变得越来越长。 ③Our country is getting more and more powerful. 我们国家正变得越来越强大。 重点词汇句型讲解 1. The book contrasts modern civilization with the ideal of the noble savage who lived in (和谐) with nature. 2. There was not a plant to see. The colours of the dunes (形成对比) strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 3. The space station needs a lot of (维护，保养), so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. 4. Hopefully, this experiment will cast new light on space farming and allow us to set up (永久的) bases on other planets, such as Mars. Unit 1-4 基础练习 一、单词拼写 harmony contrasted maintenance permanent 5. I would like to find a consultant for some (财政的，财务的) advice before I buy the house.   6. With no one to keep order, the situation in the classroom was in a state of (混乱). 7. (评估) the effects of low gravity on animals and plants is necessary when we conducted this scientific research. 8. The ancient city, once thriving and prosperous, was tragically reduced to (废墟) after the destructive earthquake. Unit 1-4 基础练习 一、单词拼写 financial chaos Assessing ruins 1. Several other recent studies have shown that moderate _____________(consume) of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease. 2. Today, the city as well as its suburbs __________(dot) with small lakes, natural and artificial. 3. Much __________(invest) in hospitals and schools is needed now to match the future needs of our country.   4. Constant __________(expose) to English words not only increases our understanding of them, but also likely plants them into our mind. Unit 1-4 基础练习 二、单句语法填空 consumption is dotted investment exposure Unit 1-4 基础练习 5. Wang Sulong now is a very __________(influence) figure in the music industry. 6. The scientist presented concrete __________(prove) to challenge the old theory during the conference. 7. Jason, himself a cancer __________(special), is well aware of the wide variations in medical practice. 8. Over the past four decades, China has witnessed a period of rapid economic __________(expand). 二、单句语法填空 influential proof specialist expansion 1. 这所大学历史悠久，充满文化底蕴，校内的百年老建筑更是成为了一处网红打卡圣地。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 面对困难，他从不丧失信心，这给我们树立了很好的榜样。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 我看着他走上舞台。中等身材、健壮结实、浅黄色的头发垂在前额。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______ 4. 我突然想到，我父亲教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指引我未来的道路。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 1-4 基础练习 三、单句写作 The university boasts a long history and rich cultural heritage, and its century-old buildings on campus have even become a popular online check-in hotspot. Face with difficulties, he never loses heart, which sets an excellent example to us. I watch him as he makes his way toward the stage. Medium height, stocky build, ashy blond hair that fall in waves over his forehead. It occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 5. 起初的自我怀疑变成了一段自我发现的旅程。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 他第一天走进我课堂的时候，把书包拖在他的身后。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 若不是那些挑战，他永远无法达到现在的自己。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 她热泪盈眶，心里感激不尽。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit 1-4 基础练习 三、单句写作 What started as self-doubt turned into a journey of self-discovery. The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him. If not for the challenges, he would never have reached his current self. Tears filling her eyes, a ripple of heartfelt gratitude spread over her heart. 感 谢 聆 听 译林版 $$