专题03 阅读七选五【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019）

专题03：阅读理解七选五（考题猜想） 题组01：经典基础题 Passage 01 （23-24高二下·河北唐山·期中）How to Make Exercise a Habit The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. 16 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit, helping you stay healthier in the long run. Focus on the routine and not the results These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 17 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit. Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place. 18 Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. Forget the “all or nothing” view When it comes to exercise, the all or nothing approach does not serve you. Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 19 Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. Just remember your results are from your every effort, not matter how small. Find joy in your workouts 20 Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. A．Life happens sometimes. B．Start with mini workouts C．Build yourself workout time-zone D．But in reality, it takes time for results to show. E．Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. F．There is something magical that makes your plan work. G．But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. Passage 02 （23-24高二下·江苏无锡·期中）4 Reasons to Graduate in Agriculture Attitudes towards agriculture are changing. 16 because it offers them more opportunities than ever before and a chance to make a difference. Let’s take a closer look. Choose from a wide range of subjects. The field of agriculture is very broad and students can study anything from animal science and land management to horticulture or economics. 17 . Whether students are more interested in the scientific side of agriculture or the more practical and active side, there is a choice to satisfy all different types of learners. Experience abundant job opportunities. 18 . They don’t just have to go into farming, although they can choose to manage farm or agricultural businesses. They can work in areas like agricultural sales and marketing or get positions in environmental conservation. They can also choose to work in a wide range of environments such as in offices, outdoors or a mixture of both. 19 . In the course of their agricultural studies, students will be exposed to many issues that affect the world today. Students can get involved in research and development work in significant areas like tackling poverty and food insecurity. Skilled graduates will help to shape the response to global needs in different areas by applying their problem-solving skills. Get paid well. An easy way to reduce the risk of being unemployed after graduation is to become skilled in a field where there’s a shortage. 20 . Agricultural graduates, especially those with master’s degrees, are in demand and therefore have the potential to earn top salaries. A．Encourage healthy eating habits B．Address significant modern world issues C．More students are choosing to register for agriculture D．Agriculture is an essential industry that needs more skilled graduates E．A career can go down a great number of different routes for agricultural graduates F．Environmental conservation and farming practice are other common areas of study G．Students would have the opportunity to gain skills while gaining extra outdoor exercises Passage 03 （23-24高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods. 16 Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them. Cheese Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 17 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter, so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring. Egg Yolks Many home cooks think darker egg yolks (蛋黄) are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 18 Darker yolks aren’t necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the area that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素). Salmon Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon, which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic ataxanthin (虾青素). 19 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.” “People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that,” said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 20 Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. Companies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand. A．Without it, cheese would be off-white. B．But producers know the difference colors can make. C．It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet. D．But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different. E．Yolk colors vary when chickens live in a different climates as well. F．Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used. G．Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge fresh colors. Passage 04 （23-24高二下·河南郑州·期中）Whoever wrote the song “It’s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 16 Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season. Don’t force cheer At family gatherings with cousins you secretly can’t stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response — no drama, no conflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. 17 Thus, trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects. 18 The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. We feel bad when our appearance is not consistent with our inside feelings. We don’t like contradictory behavior. Respond cautiously Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience. 19 Enjoy a mix of emotions Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. 20 Just make sure you’ re balancing them with lighter experiences. And don’t forget to give yourself a break. A．Let off sadness B．Relax your mind C．Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life. D．We tend to deny the important function emotions serve. E．In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. F．Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits. G．The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. Passage 05 （22-23高二下·广西柳州·期中）Live-stream marketing: A rural rags-to-riches story? For many years, quality agricultural products were unable to sell in faraway provinces. 16 It prevented them from accessing a wider, urban client. In most cases, because farmers failed to directly reach consumers, their heavy physical labor resulted in very little income. As a result of quick urbanization, the problem of aging is more pronounced in the countryside. To support agriculture and rural welfare, it’s important to find more people willing to devote themselves to the field. In this regard, live-stream marketing may appeal to young migrant workers and convince them to return home in the countryside. 17 In Yunnan Province, southwest China, live-stream marketing is currently the most popular way of pushing local products to consumers across the country. 18 It is turning the smart phone into a new farming tool by fashioning new shopping centers. Live-streaming has greatly boosted the province’s produce sales in the past two years. We now have a great business model in place, combining products with high-quality live stream platforms and support packages from the government. Live-stream marketing is ready to play a big role in raising rural incomes in relatively backward provinces like Yunnan. 19 . E-commerce live-streaming is doing pretty well nowadays, but farm produce only accounts for a small share, mainly due to the lack of experienced hosts and infrastructure in rural areas. 20 How to grow live stream marketing for farm products? Short videos or live-streams, the key is to meet consumers’ demand. High-quality products alone aren’t enough; they must consider buyers’ preferences as well. A．There arises a question. B．However, government policies and guidance should follow up. C．The expansion of 5G technology is a vital contribution. D．The biggest barrier is lack of efficient marketing channels. E．China has a tradition of intensive cultivation and a huge rural population. F．Once back they can introduce more digitally advanced approaches to agricultural management. G．But we should establish a complete supply chain based on strict standards to maintain its continuous development. Passage 06 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期中）Confidence is a quality that can be highly beneficial in life. You may believe that confidence is something people are born with, and you either have it or you don’t. 16 Self-confidence is something you can develop. According to Psychology Today, confidence can be nurtured (培养), and it is possible to build it and let it grow at any given time in your life. It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let that discourage you. 17 So where do you start? You start, according to a blog on Psych Central, with self-acceptance. Being honest with yourself and practicing self-love and self-acceptance is what it is all about. There is nothing to achieve from pretending and there are no easy paths to success. 18 The good news is that it’s up to you. Sit with yourself, meditate and journal (冥想和记日记). Think about your strengths and weaknesses, who you are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself, like you would be kind to others. 19 You may even start to notice a change in how you connect with others. Because someone who is at peace with themselves and has confidence, according to Inc Magazine, is able to have compassion (同情) towards others. Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an important role. 20 People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you are and how unique, special and loved you are. Remember that building confidence is a journey. There isn’t necessarily a destination or an end goal. Accept yourself and be proud of who you are. A．This needs lots of practices. B．That’s not necessarily true. C．You should let go of perfection. D．These practices can be beneficial. E．You can benefit from talking to others. F．It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked on. G．It’s about where you came from and how far you’ve come. Passage 07 （23-24高二下·浙江台州·期中）In daily life, there exist some nutrition myths (谬见) that people firmly believe. 16 But research shows that’s not the case. Here are 3 common nutrition myths and what health experts want you to know. MYTH 1: Fresh fruits and vegetables are healthier Despite the long-lasting belief that “fresh is best,” research has found that frozen, canned and dried fruits and vegetables can be just as nutritious as fresh. 17 And it’s an easy way to make sure there are always fruits and vegetables available at home. One warning: some canned, frozen and dried varieties contain added sugars and fats, so be sure to read nutrition labels, especially on prepared foods. Choose the ones that keep those ingredients to a minimum. MYTH2: All fat is bad 18 Instead of this helping us stay slim, rates of overweight and obese people went up significantly. In reality, not all fats are bad. It’s true that certain types, including trans fats, can increase your risk for heart disease or stroke. 19 Examples of those include fats from fish, sunflower and some nuts. Good fats also supply energy, produce important hormones, support cell function and aid in the absorption of some nutrients. MYTH 3: Potatoes are bad for you Potatoes have been disliked because of their high GI (升糖指数). However, research has shown that potatoes can actually be beneficial for health. Potatoes are rich in vitamin C, fiber and other nutrients. They are also inexpensive and available year-round. 20 A．They can also be a money saver as they are cheaper. B．However, healthy fats can help reduce your health risk. C．For example, plant-based drinks are healthier than dairy milk. D．The healthiest ways to prepare them include baking and boiling. E．If you consume more calories than you burn, you’ll probably get fat. F．Many people replaced calories from fat with calories from added sugar. G．You’d better choose products with simple ingredients and no added sugars. Passage 08 （23-24高二下·福建福州·期中）China’s growing excellence in scientific and medical research is playing a major role in the global war on pathogens (病原体) and infectious diseases, according to Alain Merieux, chairman and CEO of French Conglomerate Institute Merieux. 16 Merieux has made a massive contribution to improving China’s public health over the past 40 years, initially by providing vaccines, and then through medical diagnostics and immunotherapy. He first visited the country in April 1978, several months before the central government launched its transformative reform and opening-up policy. Since then, he has spent decades dedicated to cooperation in the health sector, eventually leading to the opening of China’s first P4—photolithographic pattern plated probe—laboratory in 2015. The lab, which is based in Wuhan, Hubei Province, has the highest biosafety standards in the world, allowing researchers to study the most dangerous viruses, including Ebola. 17 “In the health field, which is the one I know best, China has been able to address major issues over the past 40 years,” Merieux said, “providing access to healthcare for everyone in an enormous country; fighting against the major threats represented by pathogens, respiratory diseases and cancer; and preventing food-borne health risks.” 18 “China has made exceptional progress that commands respect,” he said. “The country has accomplished in 40 years what other countries took a century to do, and has been able to assert (评估) itself as a leading global power.” In four decades, “China has rediscovered its pride and strength,” Merieux added. “The country has particularly excelled in terms of infrastructure (基础设施), as the creation of highways, airports and high-speed trains has completely changed the country,” he said. 19 Merieux called for greater international cooperation with China to help in the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (肺结核). 20 A．He wants to contribute more to the whole world. B．He also praised the overall changes seen in the nation. C．This fight must be global, since pathogens cut across borders. D．His company was established by his grandfather in Lyon in 1897. E．The project has become a symbol of Chinese-French collaboration in public health. F．His aim is to improve diagnosis and treatment of major infectious diseases in China. G．There has also been remarkable progress in scientific research, as well as academic and science. Passage 09 （23-24高二下·山西大同·期中）Today, most researchers describe sleep as occurring in two main phases: rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep comprises three stages, known as N 1, N 2 and N 3, which are characterized by specific brainwave patterns that reflect neural (神经的) activity. 16 , and people who sleep well typically experience four to six cycles every night. 17 , their brain shows a mixture of high frequencies in which a lot of neurons (神经元) are firing, but not in a completely consistent way. Then, as the person starts to go into a light sleep, or the N l stage, those frequencies slow down into a pattern called theta waves. This stage typically lasts for one to ten minutes. During the second phase of sleep, N 2, body temperatures drop, heart rates and breathing slow down and muscles relax. Brainwave frequencies now keep changing between slower wave sand short bursts of neural activity. 18 , but gets progressively longer in later cycles, ultimately comprising about half of a person's sleep time each night. Slow-wave sleep occurs in the N 3 stage, which is characterized by slow, high waves called delta waves. This 20-40-minute phase makes up about one-quarter of a person's sleep time. Some evidence suggests that slow-wave sleep plays a crucial part in restoring energy levels, repairing and growing tissues, clearing waste and boosting the immune (免疫) system. 19 . Neural activity picks up when the body enters REM sleep, which is when dreaming occurs. In this phase, which comprises one-quarter of sleep time each night, the brainwaves follow a beta-wave pattern. As the night progresses, the periods of slow-wave sleep shorten and REM sleep increases. 20 , such as emotional regulation, memory and creative problem-solving. A．When someone is awake. B．Sleep is a brain-wide network effect. C．When someone enters non-REM sleep. D．REM sleep is important for cognitive functions. E．Slow-wave sleep also aids learning and makes memory stronger. F．This phase generally lasts 10-25 minutes during the first sleep cycle. G．These three stages of non-REM sleep plus REM sleep comprise the sleep cycle. Passage 10 （23-24高二下·甘肃天水·期中）Signs of Healthy Friendships Once in a while it’s helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be. You might get used to a friendship over time to the point where you don’t see the room for improvement. And since great friendships are priceless, you should always surround yourself with the kind of people who will lift your spirits, make you laugh, and remind (提醒) you that you are loved. 6 Here are characteristics (特征) that strong friendships share. 7 Friends make you feel comfortable with yourself, so you don’t need to act like someone you’re not. Your friends know your shortcomings and love you anyway. You are perhaps the “best version” of yourself when you’re with your friends. A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty. True friends won’t pretend just to avoid an argument (争论). 8 As a result, you’ll know where you stand with your friends and won’t be afraid to share your true opinions. They argue in a healthy way. One of the biggest misunderstandings about good friends is that they never fight. But let’s face it everyone fights. 9 In fact, voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that’s okay. Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else, too. 10 That’s why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them. A healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart, and that’s okay. A．Arguing isn’t unhealthy. B．Is your friendship as healthy as it can be? C．Good friends dine out together from time to time. D．Good friends are real and honest with each other. E．With an unhealthy friendship, you know clearly that something is “off”. F．Even if you have the best friend, it doesn’t hurt to expand your social circle. G．In a positive friendship, your friends won’t lie to you, and they won’t hurt your feelings either. Passage 11 （23-24高二下·山东聊城·期中）Find your new favorite hobby Challenging and fun hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. They can lead to better physical health, lower stress, greater life satisfaction, a larger social network and improve work performance. 6 But where do you start? Here are some tips on how to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love. Ask yourself how you want to feel Hobbies present an escape — they can help you get out of your head and calm down. Ask yourself how you want an activity to make you feel. Mentally engaged? Distracted? Relaxed? Socially connected? 7 Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK. Start small 8 Try to figure out gradually if it’s right for you. You can always do more later. If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit, join an outing or two with a local Meet-up group. Or sign up for a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight. 9 When people feel guilty about spending time on leisure, they experience increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Give yourself permission to do something that you like and keep in mind that if a hobby makes you healthier and happier, everyone around you will benefit. Think of discovering new hobbies as a way to add new dimensions to your life, and enjoy the process. Take a trip back in time When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? The answer could point you toward an appealing hobby. Revisit some activities you loved when you were young, like drawing, putting together model kits, collecting things or building clay figures, which is really helpful to start your new hobbies. 10 Keep a list Keep a list on your fridge or other things of all the things that strike you as interesting. Write down potential interests as they come to you, and you’ll have no shortage of options to explore when you’re ready. A．Remove guilt. B．Keep optimistic. C．Plus, they often promote connection with others. D．Those childhood delights can easily develop into adult hobbies. E．Don’t invest a ton of time and money in a new hobby immediately. F．You should keep an open mind and don’t ignore some potential hobbies. G．It’s also helpful to consider what your life is missing, like creativity or physical activity. Passage 12 （23-24高二下·浙江宁波·期中）Homeless animals are usually left without a permanent home when their owners give them up or they’re found on the street. With millions of animals living in shelters every year, there aren’t enough people to take them in. 6 If you’d like to help homeless animals, then there are tons of ways to do so. ●  Adopt a pet When you adopt an animal from a shelter or rescue group, you save two lives. 7 , but you’ve made room at the shelter for another homeless cat or dog. There’s nothing more rewarding than adopting a pet who knows what home life is like and has been missing it — until the day you bring that pet home. Adopting truly makes you a hero. ●   8 Whether you like rolling up your sleeves and cleaning cages, socializing with a few of your kitten friends or working with numbers, your skills and interests can make a huge impact on the lives of homeless pets in your community. 9 . Shelters and rescue groups rely on foster (收养的) families to take in dogs and cats on a short-term basis. No matter what you like to do and what you’re good at, there’s a volunteer job for you. ●  Donate to the animals 10 . Consider paying it forward by sponsoring (发起) a pet’s adoption or donating food, cleaning supplies, blankets or towels to your local rescue. You can also help animals right from your computer or phone by donating items from the Best Friends Amazon wish list. A．Volunteer with animals B．So, many animals don’t get the love and care that they need C．Host an animal shelter talk at your school or workplace D．Fostering is a fun way to get lots of helpful hands-on time E．Not only can you feel good about saving the pet you adopted F．You’ll find rescue groups for just about any type of pet G．Whenever you give something to a shelter or a rescue group in your community, you’re helping to save lives Passage 13 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）How to Build Resilience Resilience (适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. It can be developed and enhanced over time. 6 Enhance strong relationships 7 Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Value physical health Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. 8 For instance, a 30-minute stroll and a short yoga session are all good choices. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges. 9 A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly. Develop problem-solving skills Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem. 10 By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges. A．Activate positive emotion B．Discover your purpose C．It’s important to have people you can trust. D．It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool. E．Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems. F．Use the following strategies as a starting point for your resilience-building journey. G．Start to improve your health by adding a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule. Passage 14 （23-24高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods. 16 Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them. Cheese Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 17 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter, so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring. Egg Yolks Many home cooks think darker egg yolks (蛋黄) are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 18 Darker yolks aren’t necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the area that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素). Salmon Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon, which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic ataxanthin (虾青素). 19 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.” “People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that,” said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 20 Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. Companies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand. A．Without it, cheese would be off-white. B．But producers know the difference colors can make. C．It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet. D．But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different. E．Yolk colors vary when chickens live in a different climates as well. F．Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used. G．Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge fresh colors. Passage 15 （23-24高二下·福建福州·期中）Sleep is essential for our physical and mental health, but many people may experience sleep disturbances. Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Despite getting enough sleep, they may still feel worn out. 1 2 For example, Margaret Thatcher claimed that she only slept five hours a night, which experts believe could have negative effects on health. Additionally, watching TV before bed can disrupt our sleep patterns due to the bright light emission. Although counting sheep is a common technique to aid sleep, some experts suggest engaging in mindless activities like folding laundry instead. 3 A study published in Sleep Health showed that individuals who walked more experienced better sleep.Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能). 4 Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit.Many people can’t fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night.   Eating habits can also affect sleep. Consuming certain foods and drinks before bedtime can improve the amount of REM sleep, which helps with memory consolidation and learning. Snoring, while generally harmless, can be a sign of sleep apnoea, which can lead to serious health conditions such as strokes, irregular heartbeats, and high blood pressure.   5 Naps or power naps taken during the day can help us be more alert and focused. So, taking small breaks during the day to rest and recharge can boost productivity and energy levels. In conclusion, improving sleep quality requires adopting healthy habits and dispelling harmful sleep-related myths and so on.Only by doing so can we prioritize our sleep and enhance our overall wellbeing. A．Medical advice should be sought if this persists. B．Many sleep-related myths can be harmful to our health C．To improve sleep quality, it’s important to adopt healthy habits. D．People of all ages report better sleep quality after listening to music. E．Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings. F．So people having trouble falling asleep always wonder how they can sleep well. G．Walking is also recommended as a relaxing activity that may improve sleep quality. Passage 16 （23-24高二下·河南焦作·期中）Gratitude, which is a positive emotional state, can have a profound impact on our mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Gratitude offers us a way of embracing (拥抱) all that makes our lives what they are. 6 It includes the willingness to expand our attention so that we perceive more of the goodness we are always receiving. Robert Emmons is one of the world’s leading experts on the science of gratitude. 7 The first is an affirmation of goodness: People can learn to wake up to the good around them and notice the gifts they have received. The second part of gratitude is recognizing that the source of this goodness rests outside of oneself — we receive these gifts from other people, and sometimes from fate, or the natural world. 8 In one study involving nearly 300 adults seeking counseling services at a university, one group wrote a gratitude letter each week for three weeks. The gratitude group reported significantly better mental health (compared to the control group), 12 weeks after the last writing exercise. 9 A study of this practice found that people who wrote down three things that had gone well in their day and identified the causes of those good things were significantly happier and less depressed. 10 When you practice gratitude, you shift your thoughts away from negative emotions and uncomfortable sensations. Instead, you begin to focus on good things that you may have overlooked. Rather than focusing on the misfortune of having a flat tire, for example, you consider how your job has made it possible to pay for repairs. Or you shift your focus to how fortunate you are to have close friends who are willing to drive you home. A．He defines gratitude as having two parts. B．A little gratitude can do wonders for your mood. C．Gratitude isn’t just a happy feeling for our present lives. D．However, many people don’t realize the power of gratitude. E．Another type of written gratitude practice is counting blessings. F．Gratitude doesn’t necessarily mean showing appreciation for the things that are around you. G．In other words, gratitude helps realize they wouldn’t be where they are without the help of others. Passage 17 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期中）For individuals with hearing loss, listening to conversations in noisy environments can be particularly challenging. Unfortunately, traditional hearing aids adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to processing sounds, regardless of the listening needs of individual users. 1 Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity (清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others. Good news is that a hearing aid company named Oticon is taking an important step to solve this No. 1 challenge for people with hearing loss — hearing speech in noise. With new 4D Sensor technology, Oticon Intent, a new device, is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions. 2 In this way, it is able to deliver truly personalised support. But the true hero in sound processing is the brain, as it is constantly working to make sense of sound. Oticon’s new technology provides the brain with access to the full sound environment. 3 In conversation, users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person. Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people. When struggling to hear what someone is saying, users are likely to lean (倾斜) in to listen. The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements. It helps users move beyond just hearing and listening. 4 . Thomas Behrens, Vice President of the company, said, “This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life. 5 When the device requires a recharge, users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.” A．Thus, it is able to prevent memory loss. B．It can recognise what people want and need to listen to. C．Moreover, it helps them communicate and fully engage in life. D．This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult. E．That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery. F．Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional. G．People's communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head and body movements. Passage 18 （23-24高二下·山东青岛·期中）In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. 6 This observation gave rise to the study of what would become known as the Zeigarnik Effect. The Zeigarnik Effect refers to our tendency to remember incomplete or interrupted tasks better than completed ones. At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. 7 First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. 8 So what can you do about it? Write your tasks down. Your brain is a terrible filing system. Instead of keeping tasks in your head, make a habit of writing them down as soon as they come to you. 9 Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. Don’t forget to look back at how far you’ve come. 10 Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. A．Establish a work shutdown routine. B．Have a system for expanding your job skills. C．The problem when it comes to our productivity is two-fold. D．Yet when customers checked out, these were totally forgotten. E．We always quickly forget everything we’ve already accomplished. F．We need a way to mentally disconnect in our hours away from work. G．You have to actually complete all of your tasks to feel mental relief from it. Passage 18 （23-24高二下·广西南宁·期中）Teaching manners to a young child, may seem a little difficult, but it doesn’t have to be. This article explores these methods that can help you. Practice greeting. 6 Try to remind them to say hello to relatives and friends. If they forget to say “hi”, gently remind them. Try something like, “That’s our neighbor Tom! Do you want to say hello?” Suggest looking someone in the eye. It can be hard for anyone, so this step takes a little extra time. 7 This can make it feel more like a game and can help them get more comfortable! If you notice your-child staring at the ground while talking to someone, gently suggest they look up. 8 This can make them extra shy! Say what they should do. “No” without any suggestion may leave your child feeling confused about what to do next. 9 This way they know what good behavior they should practice instead. 10 Always be kind, polite, and positive in front of your child. You are a positive example to learn from. Consider eating dinner as a family each night. This is a great place to practice polite conversation as well as dinner table manners in particular. A．Set a good example. B．Remind them to say “please”. C．Avoid embarrassing them, though. D．Practicing saying “hello” is the first step. E．Saying what they should do is a good idea. F．To practice, ask your child to look you in the eye. G．It’s parents’ duty to teach their children to take care of themselves.. 题组02：培优拔高题Passage 19 （23-24高二下·辽宁沈阳·期中）In a world where technology is king, hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality. 6 These include VR, AR, MR, XR and the list goes on. Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR) and understandably so. Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result, it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not. 7 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users, most commonly used in the gaming scene, but also increasingly used in other areas. However, AR and VR can be quite different in many ways. 8 Simply put, VR “transports” the user to another world, by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse (使沉浸于) the gamer in a different reality. For example, it can make users feel as if they are falling, thereby igniting fear. AR, however, does not change the entire landscape of what users see. In fact, it adds to reality with digital images. While AR may be less immersive than VR, the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games. 9 VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 10 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future, but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess. A．VR can be interactive or non-interactive. B．The main difference lies in the mode of delivery. C．In short, at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies. D．However, they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world. E．They would see computer made images as an overlay to what they see in real life. F．Moreover, since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets, it is more accessible. G．It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R” s that have come into existence. Passage 20 （23-24高二下·辽宁·期中）“Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000years ago. From the time you enter this world, you start communicating. Your first cry is your first attempt at verbal (口头的) communication. And as you start growing, you find newer ways of communication. You learn to form words and sentences to communicate. 1 Verbal communication means effectively presenting your thoughts verbally. 2 Be it a weekly meeting or a presentation to stakeholders (股东), the importance of verbal communication is unparalleled. People always remember a person who speaks clearly, effectively, and confidently. For instance, Apple co-founder Steve Jobs’s speech at the iPhone launching ceremony is a classic example of brilliant verbal communication that people remember even today. 3 Interpersonal communication often happens between two individuals. Reactions and responses from the other person will help you understand if you’re getting your thoughts across clearly. Public communication is also known as “public speaking”. Speeches, election campaigns and presentations are a few examples of this type. Verbal communication is a broad topic. There are various elements that help us organize our thoughts around it. They include the tone, speed, and volume of your speech. 4 Each of these elements matters in any kind of verbal communication. A variety of challenges may arise in verbal communication. Although difficulties with verbal communication can’t be entirely avoided, it is possible to increase your chances of communicating successfully. Consider the message you wish to communicate before speaking and communicate with respect for the recipient’s point of view. 5 Pronounce your words clearly and be conscious of nonverbal aspects such as eye contact, posture and facial expressions. A．Pay attention to what you say and how you say it. B．Its relevant skills are essential in the world of business. C．Verbal communication can be classified into two main types. D．This is the beginning of the real sense of verbal communication. E．Language barriers are a major cause of confusion in verbal communication. F．Everyone has a unique style of communicating and understanding messages. G．Additionally, grammar and vocabulary are critical aspects of verbal communication. Passage 21 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期中） Students’ Journey to Empower Rural Heritage From Aug 18 to 22 a team of 15 Tsinghua University students, representing diverse backgrounds from China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Indonesia, set foot on an overseas research exploration focusing on rural revitalization (振兴) in Indonesian villages, particularly within Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character. 6 The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations. 7 . Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of the students are accustomed, but the villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development. 8 . The weaving skills and architectural techniques of Sukarara and Sade villages are not only beautiful, but they are also an inseparable part to the identity of these communities. It’s essential that they strike a balance between progress and preservation. 9 . They carried with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. 10 . They were optimistic that Indonesian villages could experience meaningful development, ultimately leading to increased opportunities for employment and an improved quality of life. A．In Sukarara, a local tradition requires girls master weaving skills before marriage B．They decided to be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth C．Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team D．While these villages possess undeniable fascination, many remain underdeveloped E．It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down F．As the journey came to an end, all the students regarded it as a rewarding experience G．This effort includes the knowledge exchange between the students and local villagers Passage 22 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）Once you get close enough to someone, it’s easy to assume they’ll be a friend for life — but friendships take work, too, and it’s important that you make time to cultivate these relationships as well. 1 . Read on to discover some questions you should ask your close friends. 1. “How do you think we’ve both changed since we became friends?” There’s a good chance that you’ve been friends with those closest to you for some time, which means you’ve both changed in certain ways over the years. Shari, founder of Imperfectly Perfect Life, says it’s important to reflect on that change. “ 2 ,” she shares. 2. “ 3 ” “You don’t have to just focus on your own friendship. People vary greatly in what makes them feel most connected to others — for some it’s sharing something exciting together, while for others, it’s doing daily tasks together,” Julia, a clinical psychologist, notes. 3. “What is the best advice you’ve ever received?” Another way you can “gain a deeper understanding of your friend’s values, beliefs, and the lessons they’ve learned along their journey” is by asking them about the best advice they’ve ever received. “This provides an opportunity to share wisdom that has had a significant impact on their personal growth,” Natalie shares. “ 4 , fostering mutual understanding within your friendship.” 4.“What are your biggest dreams for your life?” 5 , if you are truly committed to being friends for life. “Many friendships keep the friends locked in to their current reality,” Moore cautions. “But knowing your friend’s goals can create the space for your friendship to grow.” A．What life experience has shaped you the most? B．Acknowledging your growth can enhance your friendship C．When do you feel most connected to the people in your life? D．It’s also good to acknowledge that even the closest friendships are not perfect E．You should know what your friend actually envisions for themselves in the future F．Additionally, it opens the door for meaningful conversations about life’s challenges G．We’ve talked to different experts to get their best advice on how to create stronger bonds 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03：阅读理解七选五（考题猜想） 题组01：经典基础题 Passage 01 （23-24高二下·河北唐山·期中）How to Make Exercise a Habit The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. 16 So I will share some tips on how to make exercise a habit, helping you stay healthier in the long run. Focus on the routine and not the results These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. 17 Focus on creating and enjoying the habit. Try scheduling your works alongside one of the other routines you already have in place. 18 Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. Forget the “all or nothing” view When it comes to exercise, the all or nothing approach does not serve you. Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. 19 Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. Just remember your results are from your every effort, not matter how small. Find joy in your workouts 20 Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. A．Life happens sometimes. B．Start with mini workouts C．Build yourself workout time-zone D．But in reality, it takes time for results to show. E．Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. F．There is something magical that makes your plan work. G．But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. 【答案】16．G 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何养成运动习惯提出建议。 16．前文“The new year is a time when it seems like everyone makes goals to work out and get fit. But by the third week of January, that all seems to go out the window. (在新的一年里，似乎每个人都制定了锻炼和健身的目标。但到了1月的第三周，这一切似乎都烟消云散了。)”提出人们很快就会忘记自己的锻炼和健身目标这一社会现象，作者在上文“I’ve seen this happen almost every year: my workout classes are packed with fresh faces. (我几乎每年都看到这种情况发生：我的健身课上挤满了新面孔……)”中用自己的亲眼目睹的情况来印证这一事实，G项“But after just a few weeks, they return to the regular number of people. (但仅仅几周后，人数就会恢复到正常水平。)”承接上文，说明新年开始确实会有很多新人参加锻炼，但他们很快又会消失，与前文语意一致。故选G项。 17．上文“These days it feels like everyone is looking for a quick fix or fast results, particularly when it comes to health and fitness. (如今，感觉每个人都在寻找快速解决或快速的结果，特别是在健康和健身方面。)”提出人们都想找到捷径，对于健康和健身也是如此，D项“But in reality, it takes time for results to show. (但在现实中，结果需要时间才能显现。)”与上文构成转折关系，指出这一想法的不切实际，因为结果需要时间，照应小标题“关注过程，而不是结果”。故选D项。 18．设空句是段首小标题。根据下文“Everyone seems to want to set big goals of working out 4 times a week with 60-minute sessions. But realistically, if you’re not used to this, it will just be overwhelming and lead you to quit. Given this, doing workouts even as small as5-10 minutes is a good place to start. (每个人似乎都想设定一个大目标，每周锻炼4次，每次60分钟。但实际上，如果你不习惯这样做，它只会让你难以承受，最终导致你放弃。考虑到这一点，即使是5-10分钟的小锻炼也是一个很好的开始。)”可知，本段建议从小锻炼开始，B项“Start with mini workouts (从小型锻炼开始)”是本段内容的最佳概括。故选B项。 19．上文“Say you plan a workout for today, but say things get crazy at work and you miss your scheduled time. Well that doesn’t mean you’ve failed. (比如说你计划今天锻炼，但是工作上的事情变得很疯狂，你错过了预定的时间。这并不意味着你失败了。)”讲我们可能因为工作而错过锻炼，但这并不意味着失败。A项“Life happens sometimes. (生活中总会发生意外。)”和下文“Even if you miss your workout, that doesn’t mean you’ve given up. (即使你错过了锻炼，也不意味着你已经放弃了。)”重复了上文文意，强调不要放弃，上下文语意一致。故选A项。 20．根据下文“Don’t let yourself be boxed into a certain type of workout just because it’s trendy or everyone is doing them. A workout that suits you will promote your drive and enjoyment. (不要仅仅因为流行或者人人都在做某一种运动，就把自己限定在这种运动中。适合你的锻炼会提升你的动力和乐趣。)”可知，选择锻炼形式不能跟风，要寻找适合自己并能带来乐趣的锻炼方式，这是对E项“Explore until you find a workout that feels like fun. (不断探索，直到找到一种你觉得有趣的锻炼方式。)”观点的诠释，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 Passage 02 （23-24高二下·江苏无锡·期中）4 Reasons to Graduate in Agriculture Attitudes towards agriculture are changing. 16 because it offers them more opportunities than ever before and a chance to make a difference. Let’s take a closer look. Choose from a wide range of subjects. The field of agriculture is very broad and students can study anything from animal science and land management to horticulture or economics. 17 . Whether students are more interested in the scientific side of agriculture or the more practical and active side, there is a choice to satisfy all different types of learners. Experience abundant job opportunities. 18 . They don’t just have to go into farming, although they can choose to manage farm or agricultural businesses. They can work in areas like agricultural sales and marketing or get positions in environmental conservation. They can also choose to work in a wide range of environments such as in offices, outdoors or a mixture of both. 19 . In the course of their agricultural studies, students will be exposed to many issues that affect the world today. Students can get involved in research and development work in significant areas like tackling poverty and food insecurity. Skilled graduates will help to shape the response to global needs in different areas by applying their problem-solving skills. Get paid well. An easy way to reduce the risk of being unemployed after graduation is to become skilled in a field where there’s a shortage. 20 . Agricultural graduates, especially those with master’s degrees, are in demand and therefore have the potential to earn top salaries. A．Encourage healthy eating habits B．Address significant modern world issues C．More students are choosing to register for agriculture D．Agriculture is an essential industry that needs more skilled graduates E．A career can go down a great number of different routes for agricultural graduates F．Environmental conservation and farming practice are other common areas of study G．Students would have the opportunity to gain skills while gaining extra outdoor exercises 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．E 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越来越多的学生选择农业专业的四个理由。 16．标题“4 Reasons to Graduate in Agriculture (从农业专业毕业的4个原因)”表明本文介绍选择农业专业的理由，前文“Attitudes towards agriculture are changing. (人们对农业专业的态度正在改变)”总的指出人们对农业专业的态度发生了转变，后文“because it offers them more opportunities than ever before and a chance to make a difference (因为它为他们提供了比以往更多的机会，一个创造不同的机会)”是一个原因，解释农业专业为某类人群提供了更多的机会，空处应该是指出很多学生选择农业专业这一具体现象，因此C项“More students are choosing to register for agriculture (越来越多的学生选择报考农业专业)”符合语境，承接前文，后文是对其解释，其中的More students是后文them指代的对象。故选C。 17．前文“The field of agriculture is very broad and students can study anything from animal science and land management to horticulture or economics. (农业领域非常广泛，学生可以学习从动物科学和土地管理到园艺学或经济学的任何内容)”指出农业领域可选择的具体专业很丰富，这些专业偏科学理论，后文“Whether students are more interested in the scientific side of agriculture or the more practical and active side, there is a choice to satisfy all different types of learners. (无论学生是对农业的科学方面更感兴趣，还是对更实际、更积极的方面更感兴趣，都有一个选择，以满足所有不同类型的学习者)”总结表明农业可以满足学习者的科学或实际两大方向的需求，空处应该是介绍农业领域偏实际方向的专业，因此F项“Environmental conservation and farming practice are other common areas of study (环境保护和农业实践是其他常见的研究领域)”符合语境，承前启后。故选F。 18．前文“Experience abundant job opportunities. (体验丰富的工作机会)”总的指出选择农业会有很多工作机会，后文“They don’t just have to go into farming, although they can choose to manage farm or agricultural businesses. They can work in areas like agricultural sales and marketing or get positions in environmental conservation. (他们不必只从事农业，尽管他们可以选择管理农场或农业企业。他们可以从事农业销售和市场营销等领域的工作，也可以从事环境保护方面的工作)”具体介绍某类人群可以选择的各种职业，空处应该是说明农业学生的职业发展很多样，因此E项“A career can go down a great number of different routes for agricultural graduates (对于农业毕业生来说，职业生涯可以走很多不同的道路)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的agricultural graduates是后文they指代的对象。故选E。 19．后文“In the course of their agricultural studies, students will be exposed to many issues that affect the world today. Students can get involved in research and development work in significant areas like tackling poverty and food insecurity. (在学习农业的过程中，学生们将接触到许多影响当今世界的问题。学生可以参与解决贫困和粮食不安全等重要领域的研究和开发工作)”具体说明学习农业的学生可以解决影响当今世界的问题，做出贡献，空处作为段首句，应该是指出选择农业专业的一个理由是解决当今世界问题，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式，因此B项“Address significant modern world issues (解决重要的现代世界问题)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选B。 20．前文“An easy way to reduce the risk of being unemployed after graduation is to become skilled in a field where there’s a shortage. (降低毕业后失业风险的一个简单方法是在紧缺的领域掌握技能)”指出掌握紧缺领域的技能可以保证就业，后文“Agricultural graduates, especially those with master’s degrees, are in demand and therefore have the potential to earn top salaries. (农业毕业生，尤其是硕士毕业生，很受欢迎，因此有可能赚到最高的薪水)”说明农业毕业生可以获得高薪，空处应该起到过渡作用，说明农业是需要技能的行业，因此D项“Agriculture is an essential industry that needs more skilled graduates (农业是一个需要更多有技能的毕业生的重要行业)”符合语境，承前启后。故选D。 Passage 03 （23-24高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods. 16 Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them. Cheese Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 17 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter, so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring. Egg Yolks Many home cooks think darker egg yolks (蛋黄) are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 18 Darker yolks aren’t necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the area that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素). Salmon Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon, which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic ataxanthin (虾青素). 19 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.” “People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that,” said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 20 Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. Companies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand. A．Without it, cheese would be off-white. B．But producers know the difference colors can make. C．It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet. D．But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different. E．Yolk colors vary when chickens live in a different climates as well. F．Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used. G．Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge fresh colors. 【答案】16．D 17．A 18．C 19．F 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是食品中人工色素的使用情况及其影响。 16．空前“Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods.(包括麦当劳在内的许多公司正在从他们的食品中去除人工色素。)”说明许多公司正在从他们的食品中去除人工色素，空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them.(颜色传递了关于食物的重要信号，公司不会停止使用它们。)”说明了公司不会停止使用色素，由此可知，食品较以前不会有什么变化，D选项“But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.(但是不要期望你的芝士汉堡看起来有很大的不同。)”说明食品不会和以前不同，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 17．空前“Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红)listed.(查一下大多数奶酪的包装，上面可能会列出一种叫做胭脂红的成分。)”说明了奶酪里会有胭脂红，空格处应该说这种色素的作用，A选项“Without it, cheese would be off-white.(没有它，奶酪就会变成灰白色。)”中的it指代的是前面的annatto，cheese和前面的cheese相一致，说明了胭脂红的重要作用，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 18．空前“But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed.(但颜色可能是鸡饲料中的着色产品造成的。)”说明了蛋黄的颜色可能是鸡饲料中的着色产品造成的，空格处应该和改变鸡的食物相关，C选项“It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet.(通过简单地改变母鸡的饮食，蛋黄的颜色很容易改变。)”说明了改变鸡的饮食，蛋黄的颜色就会改变，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 19．空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.”(例如，在Costco，养殖三文鱼的标签上写着“颜色通过饲料添加”。)”举例说明有的商家在食物的标签上写清楚颜色是来自于哪里，F选项“Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.(如果使用了人工色素，生产者需要在标签上声明。)”说明了生产者需要在标签上标出色素是来自于哪里的，引出下文的具体例子，因此符合语境，故选F。 20．空后“Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food.(因此，美国人显然还没有完全准备好告别各种食品中的人工色素。)”说明了美国人不准备放弃使用人工色素，由therefore可知，空格处应该说为什么美国人不准备放弃使用人工色素，B选项“But producers know the difference colors can make.(但生产者知道色素的重要性。)”说明生产者知道色素的重要性，和后文构成因果关系，因此符合语境，故选B。 Passage 04 （23-24高二下·河南郑州·期中）Whoever wrote the song “It’s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 16 Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season. Don’t force cheer At family gatherings with cousins you secretly can’t stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response — no drama, no conflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. 17 Thus, trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects. 18 The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. We feel bad when our appearance is not consistent with our inside feelings. We don’t like contradictory behavior. Respond cautiously Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience. 19 Enjoy a mix of emotions Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. 20 Just make sure you’ re balancing them with lighter experiences. And don’t forget to give yourself a break. A．Let off sadness B．Relax your mind C．Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life. D．We tend to deny the important function emotions serve. E．In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. F．Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits. G．The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 【答案】16．C 17．G 18．A 19．F 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是如何应对假日忧郁，以及如何通过不同的策略来在假期中保持心理健康和幸福感。 16．空前“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.(关键是悲伤和其他艰难的情绪不是我们应该试图避免的。)”说明悲伤和其他艰难的情绪不是我们应该试图避免的，空格处就应该说悲伤和其他艰难的情绪是有好处的，C选项“Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life.(相反，它们可以帮助促进健康和幸福的生活。)”说明了悲伤和其他艰难的情绪的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 17．空前“But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers.(但2011年的一项研究追踪了数十名公交车司机，观察他们什么时候会对乘客露出勉强的或真诚的微笑。)”说明2011年进行了一项研究，空格处应该说这项研究的结果，G选项“The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse.(结果显示，当司机假装心情很好时，他们的实际情绪会变得更糟。)”说明的是研究的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 18．空格处是本段小标题，由空格下方的“The results of the bus- driver study can be explained by researchers who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. We feel bad when our appearance is not consistent with our inside feelings. We don’t like contradictory behavior.(研究人员发现，当我们试图控制悲伤或愤怒等负面情绪时，它们只会增加，这可以解释对公交车司机的研究结果。当我们的外表与内心的感受不一致时，我们会感到难过。我们不喜欢矛盾的行为。)”可知，本段主要讲的是我们要把悲伤或愤怒的负面情绪释放，而不是控制它们，A选项“Let off sadness(释放悲伤)”说明了要释放悲伤，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 19．空前“A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience.(对负面事件的谨慎反应会减少我们所经历的悲伤。)”说明了谨慎反应会减少我们所经历的悲伤，空格处应该说谨慎反应还有什么好处，F选项“Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.(此外，它与减少焦虑有关，甚至可能带来生理上的好处。)”中的it指代前面的“A cautious response”，在上文的基础上补充说明谨慎反应的另一个好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 20．空前“Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well- being.(当然，假期会带来高潮和低谷，但要记住的最重要的一课是，这种各种各样的情绪可能对你的整体健康是最好的。)”说明各种各样的情绪对整体健康是最好的，也就是即使是负面的情绪，那也是好的，因此不用害怕负面的情绪，E选项“In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear.(换句话说，悲伤、愤怒和其他困难的情绪没什么好害怕的。)”说明了我们不用怕悲伤、愤怒和其他困难的情绪，和上文意思一致，因此E选项承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 Passage 05 （22-23高二下·广西柳州·期中）Live-stream marketing: A rural rags-to-riches story? For many years, quality agricultural products were unable to sell in faraway provinces. 16 It prevented them from accessing a wider, urban client. In most cases, because farmers failed to directly reach consumers, their heavy physical labor resulted in very little income. As a result of quick urbanization, the problem of aging is more pronounced in the countryside. To support agriculture and rural welfare, it’s important to find more people willing to devote themselves to the field. In this regard, live-stream marketing may appeal to young migrant workers and convince them to return home in the countryside. 17 In Yunnan Province, southwest China, live-stream marketing is currently the most popular way of pushing local products to consumers across the country. 18 It is turning the smart phone into a new farming tool by fashioning new shopping centers. Live-streaming has greatly boosted the province’s produce sales in the past two years. We now have a great business model in place, combining products with high-quality live stream platforms and support packages from the government. Live-stream marketing is ready to play a big role in raising rural incomes in relatively backward provinces like Yunnan. 19 . E-commerce live-streaming is doing pretty well nowadays, but farm produce only accounts for a small share, mainly due to the lack of experienced hosts and infrastructure in rural areas. 20 How to grow live stream marketing for farm products? Short videos or live-streams, the key is to meet consumers’ demand. High-quality products alone aren’t enough; they must consider buyers’ preferences as well. A．There arises a question. B．However, government policies and guidance should follow up. C．The expansion of 5G technology is a vital contribution. D．The biggest barrier is lack of efficient marketing channels. E．China has a tradition of intensive cultivation and a huge rural population. F．Once back they can introduce more digitally advanced approaches to agricultural management. G．But we should establish a complete supply chain based on strict standards to maintain its continuous development. 【答案】16．D 17．F 18．C 19．G 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了直播营销对农村地区影响的文章。文章通过分析直播营销如何帮助农产品销售，以及它如何吸引年轻劳动力回归农村，探讨了直播营销在农村地区的潜力和面临的挑战。 16．上文提到“For many years, quality agricultural products were unable to sell in faraway provinces. (多年来，优质的农产品无法在遥远的省份销售。)”，说明农产品过去难以在远方省份销售，空格处需要一个解释原因的句子，D项中的“lack of efficient marketing channels (缺乏有效的营销渠道)”与上文情况相符，故选D。 17．上文提到“In this regard, live-stream marketing may appeal to young migrant workers and convince them to return home in the countryside. (在这方面，直播营销可能会吸引年轻的农民工，并说服他们回到农村的家中。)”，说明直播营销可能吸引年轻农民工回归农村，F项中的“Once back they can introduce more digitally advanced approaches to agricultural management (一旦回归，他们可以引入更多数字化的农业管理方法)”与上文相衔接，说明回归的农民工可以带来新的管理方法，故选F。 18．上文提到“In Yunnan Province, southwest China, live-stream marketing is currently the most popular way of pushing local products to consumers across the country. (在中国西南部的云南省，直播营销目前是向全国各地消费者推广本地产品最受欢迎的方式。)”，说明直播营销是当前推广本地产品给全国消费者最受欢迎的方式，C项中的“The expansion of 5G technology is a vital contribution (5G技术的扩展是一个重要贡献)”与上文提到的直播营销的流行相呼应，说明5G技术对直播营销的推广有重要作用，故选C。 19．上文提到“We now have a great business model in place, combining products with high-quality live stream platforms and support packages from the government. (我们现在拥有一个很棒的商业模式，它将产品与高质量的直播平台以及政府的支持包结合起来。)”，说明现在已经有了一个很好的商业模式，G项中的“But we should establish a complete supply chain based on strict standards to maintain its continuous development (但我们应该建立一个基于严格标准的完整供应链以维持其持续发展)”与上文相衔接，说明为了保持商业模式的持续发展，需要建立完整的供应链，故选G。 20．上文最后提到“E-commerce live-streaming is doing pretty well nowadays, but farm produce only accounts for a small share (如今，电子商务直播做得相当好，但农产品仅占很小的份额。)”，农产品只占很小的份额，这是需要解决的问题，A项中的“There arises a question (出现了一个问题)”与上文情况相符，引出下文对问题的探讨“How to grow live stream marketing for farm products? (如何发展农产品的直播营销？)”，故选A。 Passage 06 （23-24高二下·江苏淮安·期中）Confidence is a quality that can be highly beneficial in life. You may believe that confidence is something people are born with, and you either have it or you don’t. 16 Self-confidence is something you can develop. According to Psychology Today, confidence can be nurtured (培养), and it is possible to build it and let it grow at any given time in your life. It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let that discourage you. 17 So where do you start? You start, according to a blog on Psych Central, with self-acceptance. Being honest with yourself and practicing self-love and self-acceptance is what it is all about. There is nothing to achieve from pretending and there are no easy paths to success. 18 The good news is that it’s up to you. Sit with yourself, meditate and journal (冥想和记日记). Think about your strengths and weaknesses, who you are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself, like you would be kind to others. 19 You may even start to notice a change in how you connect with others. Because someone who is at peace with themselves and has confidence, according to Inc Magazine, is able to have compassion (同情) towards others. Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an important role. 20 People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you are and how unique, special and loved you are. Remember that building confidence is a journey. There isn’t necessarily a destination or an end goal. Accept yourself and be proud of who you are. A．This needs lots of practices. B．That’s not necessarily true. C．You should let go of perfection. D．These practices can be beneficial. E．You can benefit from talking to others. F．It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked on. G．It’s about where you came from and how far you’ve come. 【答案】16．B 17．F 18．A 19．D 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了培养自信的方法。 16．空格前的句子“You may believe that confidence is something people are born with, and you either have it or you don’t. (你可能认为自信是与生俱来的，你要么有，要么没有。)”提到，你可能认为自信是与生俱来的，空格后的句子“Self-confidence is something you can develop.(自信是可以培养的。)”说自信是可以培养的，所以空格处的句子应该否定上一句的观点，所以B项“That’s not necessarily true.(这并不一定正确。)”符合语境。故选B项。 17．空格前的句子“It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let that discourage you.(的确，有些人比其他人更容易做到这一点，但不要因此而气馁。)”是说，不要认为比其他人困难而气馁，空格处的句子应该解释原因，所以F项“It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked on.(这是一块可以加强和锻炼的肌肉)”符合语境。故选F项。 18．根据空格处的句子“There is nothing to achieve from pretending and there are no easy paths to success.(假装什么也得不到，通往成功的道路也没有捷径。)”可知，通往成功的道路也没有捷径，所以需要练习，所以A项“This needs lots of practices.(这需要大量的练习。)”符合语境。故选A项。 19．空格前的句子“Sit with yourself, meditate and journal. Think about your strengths and weaknesses, who you are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself, like you would be kind to others.(自己坐下来，冥想，写日记。想想你的优点和缺点，你是谁，你不是谁。更好地了解自己。善待自己，就像善待别人一样。)”是培养自信的方法，空格后的句子“You may even start to notice a change in how you connect with others.(你甚至可能开始注意到你与他人交往的方式发生了变化。)”提到这样做的好处，空格处的句子也应该是提到这样练习的好处，所以D项“These practices can be beneficial.(这些做法是有益的。)”符合语境。故选D项。 20．根据空格前的句子“Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an important role.(有时候，在朝着一个目标努力的过程中，获得一些额外的帮助会起到重要的作用。)”和空格后的句子“People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you are and how unique, special and loved you are.(当你需要提醒自己你是谁，你是多么的独特、特别和被爱的时候，了解你的人会帮助你。)”可知，空格处的句子应该说“和其他人交流，得到他人的帮助”，所以，E项“You can benefit from talking to others.(你可以从与他人交谈中获益。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 07 （23-24高二下·浙江台州·期中）In daily life, there exist some nutrition myths (谬见) that people firmly believe. 16 But research shows that’s not the case. Here are 3 common nutrition myths and what health experts want you to know. MYTH 1: Fresh fruits and vegetables are healthier Despite the long-lasting belief that “fresh is best,” research has found that frozen, canned and dried fruits and vegetables can be just as nutritious as fresh. 17 And it’s an easy way to make sure there are always fruits and vegetables available at home. One warning: some canned, frozen and dried varieties contain added sugars and fats, so be sure to read nutrition labels, especially on prepared foods. Choose the ones that keep those ingredients to a minimum. MYTH2: All fat is bad 18 Instead of this helping us stay slim, rates of overweight and obese people went up significantly. In reality, not all fats are bad. It’s true that certain types, including trans fats, can increase your risk for heart disease or stroke. 19 Examples of those include fats from fish, sunflower and some nuts. Good fats also supply energy, produce important hormones, support cell function and aid in the absorption of some nutrients. MYTH 3: Potatoes are bad for you Potatoes have been disliked because of their high GI (升糖指数). However, research has shown that potatoes can actually be beneficial for health. Potatoes are rich in vitamin C, fiber and other nutrients. They are also inexpensive and available year-round. 20 A．They can also be a money saver as they are cheaper. B．However, healthy fats can help reduce your health risk. C．For example, plant-based drinks are healthier than dairy milk. D．The healthiest ways to prepare them include baking and boiling. E．If you consume more calories than you burn, you’ll probably get fat. F．Many people replaced calories from fat with calories from added sugar. G．You’d better choose products with simple ingredients and no added sugars. 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．F 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3个常见的营养误区和健康专家的观点。 16．下文“But research shows that’s not the case.(但是研究表明事实并非如此。)”说明研究表明事实并不是那样，选项C“例如，植物性饮料比牛奶更健康。”与下文构成转折语义，下文中的“that”指代C项的内容。故选C项。 17．上文“Despite the long-lasting belief that “fresh is best,” research has found that frozen, canned and dried fruits and vegetables can be just as nutritious as fresh.(尽管人们一直认为“新鲜最好”，但研究发现，冷冻、罐装和干果蔬菜和新鲜水果一样有营养。)”说明冷冻、罐装和干果蔬菜和新鲜水果一样有营养，选项A“它们也可以省钱，因为它们更便宜。”承接上文，讲述冷冻、罐装和干果蔬菜的好处，选项A中的“They”指代上文中的“frozen, canned and dried fruits and vegetables”。故选A项。 18．下文“Instead of this helping us stay slim, rates of overweight and obese people went up significantly.(这不仅没有帮助我们保持苗条，超重和肥胖的人的比例反而显著上升。)”说明这种做法不仅不能帮助保持苗条，还会导致超重和肥胖，选项F“许多人用添加糖的热量来代替脂肪中的热量。”引起下文，用添加糖的热量来代替脂肪中的热量，不能帮助保持苗条，还会导致超重和肥胖，下文中的“this”指代F项的内容。故选F项。 19．上文“In reality, not all fats are bad. It’s true that certain types, including trans fats, can increase your risk for heart disease or stroke.(事实上，并非所有的脂肪都是有害的。的确，某些类型的脂肪，包括反式脂肪，会增加患心脏病或中风的风险。)”说明并非所有的脂肪都是有害的，反式脂肪确实有害，选项B“然而，健康的脂肪可以帮助你降低健康风险。”与上文构成转折关系，引起下文“Examples of those include fats from fish, sunflower and some nuts. Good fats also supply energy, produce important hormones, support cell function and aid in the absorption of some nutrients.(这些例子包括来自鱼、向日葵和一些坚果的脂肪。好的脂肪还能提供能量，产生重要的激素，支持细胞功能，帮助吸收一些营养物质。)”，是对B项中的“healthy fats”举例说明。故选B项。 20．上文“Potatoes have been disliked because of their high GI(升糖指数). However, research has shown that potatoes can actually be beneficial for health. Potatoes are rich in vitamin C, fiber and other nutrients. They are also inexpensive and available year-round.(土豆因其高升糖指数而不受欢迎。然而，研究表明，土豆实际上对健康有益。土豆富含维生素C、纤维和其他营养物质。它们也很便宜，全年都可以买到。)”说明土豆富含营养且价格便宜，实际上对健康有益，选项D“最健康的制作方法包括烘焙和煮沸。”承接上文，土豆的健康制作方法包括烘焙和煮沸，D项中的“them”指代上文中的“Potatoes”。故选D项。 Passage 08 （23-24高二下·福建福州·期中）China’s growing excellence in scientific and medical research is playing a major role in the global war on pathogens (病原体) and infectious diseases, according to Alain Merieux, chairman and CEO of French Conglomerate Institute Merieux. 16 Merieux has made a massive contribution to improving China’s public health over the past 40 years, initially by providing vaccines, and then through medical diagnostics and immunotherapy. He first visited the country in April 1978, several months before the central government launched its transformative reform and opening-up policy. Since then, he has spent decades dedicated to cooperation in the health sector, eventually leading to the opening of China’s first P4—photolithographic pattern plated probe—laboratory in 2015. The lab, which is based in Wuhan, Hubei Province, has the highest biosafety standards in the world, allowing researchers to study the most dangerous viruses, including Ebola. 17 “In the health field, which is the one I know best, China has been able to address major issues over the past 40 years,” Merieux said, “providing access to healthcare for everyone in an enormous country; fighting against the major threats represented by pathogens, respiratory diseases and cancer; and preventing food-borne health risks.” 18 “China has made exceptional progress that commands respect,” he said. “The country has accomplished in 40 years what other countries took a century to do, and has been able to assert (评估) itself as a leading global power.” In four decades, “China has rediscovered its pride and strength,” Merieux added. “The country has particularly excelled in terms of infrastructure (基础设施), as the creation of highways, airports and high-speed trains has completely changed the country,” he said. 19 Merieux called for greater international cooperation with China to help in the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (肺结核). 20 A．He wants to contribute more to the whole world. B．He also praised the overall changes seen in the nation. C．This fight must be global, since pathogens cut across borders. D．His company was established by his grandfather in Lyon in 1897. E．The project has become a symbol of Chinese-French collaboration in public health. F．His aim is to improve diagnosis and treatment of major infectious diseases in China. G．There has also been remarkable progress in scientific research, as well as academic and science. 【答案】16．D 17．E 18．B 19．G 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国梅里埃企业研究所董事长兼首席执行官Alain Merieux在促进中法科学和医学研究方面做出的贡献。 16．根据上文“China’s growing excellence in scientific and medical research is playing a major role in the global war on pathogens (病原体) and infectious diseases, according to Alain Merieux, chairman and CEO of French Conglomerate Institute Merieux. (法国梅里埃企业研究所董事长兼首席执行官阿兰·梅里埃表示，中国在科学和医学研究方面日益卓越，在全球对抗病原体和传染病的战争中发挥着重要作用)”以及后文“Merieux has made a massive contribution to improving China’s public health over the past 40 years, initially by providing vaccines, and then through medical diagnostics and immunotherapy.(在过去的40年里，梅里埃为改善中国的公共卫生做出了巨大贡献，最初是通过提供疫苗，然后是医疗诊断和免疫治疗)”可知，上文提到了梅里埃是法国梅里埃企业研究所董事长兼首席执行官，推测本句主要介绍梅里埃企业的情况。故D选项“他的公司是1897年由他的祖父在里昂建立的”符合语境，故选D。 17．根据上文“He first visited the country in April 1978, several months before the central government launched its transformative reform and opening-up policy. Since then, he has spent decades dedicated to cooperation in the health sector, eventually leading to the opening of China’s first P4—photolithographic pattern plated probe—laboratory in 2015. The lab, which is based in Wuhan, Hubei Province, has the highest biosafety standards in the world, allowing researchers to study the most dangerous viruses, including Ebola.(他第一次访问中国是在1978年4月，也就是中央政府启动改革开放政策的几个月前。从那时起，他花了几十年的时间致力于卫生领域的合作，最终在2015年建立了中国第一个P4光刻模式镀探针实验室。该实验室位于湖北省武汉市，拥有世界上最高的生物安全标准，使研究人员能够研究最危险的病毒，包括埃博拉病毒)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，推测说明实验室项目的价值和意义。故E选项“该项目已成为中法公共卫生合作的象征”符合语境，故选E。 18．根据后文““China has made exceptional progress that commands respect,” he said. “The country has accomplished in 40 years what other countries took a century to do, and has been able to assert (评估) itself as a leading global power.” In four decades, “China has rediscovered its pride and strength,” Merieux added.(他说：“中国取得了非凡的进步，值得尊重。这个国家在40年里完成了其他国家花了一个世纪才完成的事情，并且已经能够证明自己是一个领先的全球大国。”40年来，“中国重新发现了自己的骄傲和力量，”梅里埃补充说)”可知，后文主要是梅里埃在评价中国的变化。故B选项“他还赞扬了国家的整体变化”符合语境，故选B。 19．根据上文““The country has particularly excelled in terms of infrastructure (基础设施), as the creation of highways, airports and high-speed trains has completely changed the country,” he said.(他说：“这个国家在基础设施方面尤其出色，高速公路、机场和高铁的建设彻底改变了这个国家。”)”可知，本句与上文并列，都是他在总结中国所取得的进步。故G选项“在科学研究以及学术和科学方面也取得了显著的进步”符合语境，故选G。 20．根据上文“Merieux called for greater international cooperation with China to help in the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis.(梅里埃呼吁加强与中国的国际合作，以帮助预防和控制结核病等传染病)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，推测梅里埃呼吁加强国际合作的原因。故A选项“他想为整个世界做更多的贡献”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 09 （23-24高二下·山西大同·期中）Today, most researchers describe sleep as occurring in two main phases: rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep comprises three stages, known as N 1, N 2 and N 3, which are characterized by specific brainwave patterns that reflect neural (神经的) activity. 16 , and people who sleep well typically experience four to six cycles every night. 17 , their brain shows a mixture of high frequencies in which a lot of neurons (神经元) are firing, but not in a completely consistent way. Then, as the person starts to go into a light sleep, or the N l stage, those frequencies slow down into a pattern called theta waves. This stage typically lasts for one to ten minutes. During the second phase of sleep, N 2, body temperatures drop, heart rates and breathing slow down and muscles relax. Brainwave frequencies now keep changing between slower wave sand short bursts of neural activity. 18 , but gets progressively longer in later cycles, ultimately comprising about half of a person's sleep time each night. Slow-wave sleep occurs in the N 3 stage, which is characterized by slow, high waves called delta waves. This 20-40-minute phase makes up about one-quarter of a person's sleep time. Some evidence suggests that slow-wave sleep plays a crucial part in restoring energy levels, repairing and growing tissues, clearing waste and boosting the immune (免疫) system. 19 . Neural activity picks up when the body enters REM sleep, which is when dreaming occurs. In this phase, which comprises one-quarter of sleep time each night, the brainwaves follow a beta-wave pattern. As the night progresses, the periods of slow-wave sleep shorten and REM sleep increases. 20 , such as emotional regulation, memory and creative problem-solving. A．When someone is awake. B．Sleep is a brain-wide network effect. C．When someone enters non-REM sleep. D．REM sleep is important for cognitive functions. E．Slow-wave sleep also aids learning and makes memory stronger. F．This phase generally lasts 10-25 minutes during the first sleep cycle. G．These three stages of non-REM sleep plus REM sleep comprise the sleep cycle. 【答案】16．G 17．A 18．F 19．E 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠周期的过程及特点。 16．上文“Today, most researchers describe sleep as occurring in two main phases: rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep. Non-REM sleep comprises three stages, known as N 1, N 2 and N 3, which are characterized by specific brainwave patterns that reflect neural (神经的) activity.(如今，大多数研究人员将睡眠描述为两个主要阶段：快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠和非快速眼动睡眠。非快速眼动睡眠包括三个阶段，即 N 1、N 2 和 N 3，其特点是具有反映神经活动的特定脑电波模式)”指出了睡眠周期的过程，即睡眠描述为两个主要阶段：快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠和非快速眼动睡眠，非快速眼动睡眠包括三个阶段，下文“and people who sleep well typically experience four to six cycles every night.(睡眠良好的人通常每晚会经历四到六个周期。)”指出睡眠良好的人每晚都会经历四到六个周期，空处承接上文，继续介绍睡眠周期，G项“非快速眼动睡眠加上快速眼动睡眠这三个阶段构成了睡眠周期。”符合，故选G。 17．下文“Then, as the person starts to go into a light sleep, or the N l stage, those frequencies slow down into a pattern called theta waves. This stage typically lasts for one to ten minutes.(然后，当人开始进入浅睡眠或 Nl 阶段时，这些频率会减慢为一种称为 theta 波的模式。此阶段通常持续一到十分钟)”指出人们进入浅睡眠时的特点，由此可知，前面内容应是介绍在进入浅睡眠之前发生的情况，空后“ their brain shows a mixture of high frequencies in which a lot of neurons (神经元) are firing, but not in a completely consistent way.(他们的大脑显示出混合高频，其中许多神经元正在发射，但并不是以完全一致的方式发射。)”指出了人们醒着时大脑显示的情况，A项“当某人醒来时。”符合，故选A。 18．上文“During the second phase of sleep, N 2, body temperatures drop, heart rates and breathing slow down and muscles relax. Brainwave frequencies now keep changing between slower wave sand short bursts of neural activity. (在睡眠的第二阶段 N2 中，体温下降，心率和呼吸减慢，肌肉放松。脑电波频率现在在较慢的波和短暂的神经活动爆发之间不断变化。)”指出了睡眠第二阶段的特点，下文“but gets progressively longer in later cycles, ultimately comprising about half of a person’s sleep time each night.(但在之后的周期中逐渐变长，最终占据一个人每晚睡眠时间的一半左右。)”中的in later cycles可知，下文介绍了第二阶段在之后的周期中所持续的时间，由此可知，空处应该指出第二阶段在第一个睡眠周期中持续的时间，F项“这个阶段通常在第一个睡眠周期中持续 10-25 分钟。”符合，和下文是顺承关系，故选F。 19．上文“Some evidence suggests that slow-wave sleep plays a crucial part in restoring energy levels, repairing and growing tissues, clearing waste and boosting the immune (免疫) system. (一些证据表明，慢波睡眠在恢复能量水平、修复和生长组织、清除废物和增强免疫系统方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”指出慢波睡眠的好处，空处承接上文，继续介绍其好处，E项“慢波睡眠也有助于学习，增强记忆力。”符合，故选E。 20．上文“Neural activity picks up when the body enters REM sleep, which is when dreaming occurs. In this phase, which comprises one-quarter of sleep time each night, the brainwaves follow a beta-wave pattern. As the night progresses, the periods of slow-wave sleep shorten and REM sleep increases. (当身体进入快速眼动睡眠（即做梦时）时，神经活动开始活跃。在这个阶段，每晚睡眠时间占四分之一，脑电波遵循β波模式。随着夜晚的推移，慢波睡眠时间缩短，快速眼动睡眠时间增加。)”介绍了快速睡眠阶段的特点，下文“such as emotional regulation, memory and creative problem-solving.(例如情绪调节、记忆和创造性解决问题。)”举例说明快速睡眠对于认知功能的重要性，D项“REM 睡眠对于认知功能很重要。”符合，故选D。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·甘肃天水·期中）Signs of Healthy Friendships Once in a while it’s helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be. You might get used to a friendship over time to the point where you don’t see the room for improvement. And since great friendships are priceless, you should always surround yourself with the kind of people who will lift your spirits, make you laugh, and remind (提醒) you that you are loved. 6 Here are characteristics (特征) that strong friendships share. 7 Friends make you feel comfortable with yourself, so you don’t need to act like someone you’re not. Your friends know your shortcomings and love you anyway. You are perhaps the “best version” of yourself when you’re with your friends. A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty. True friends won’t pretend just to avoid an argument (争论). 8 As a result, you’ll know where you stand with your friends and won’t be afraid to share your true opinions. They argue in a healthy way. One of the biggest misunderstandings about good friends is that they never fight. But let’s face it everyone fights. 9 In fact, voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that’s okay. Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else, too. 10 That’s why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them. A healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart, and that’s okay. A．Arguing isn’t unhealthy. B．Is your friendship as healthy as it can be? C．Good friends dine out together from time to time. D．Good friends are real and honest with each other. E．With an unhealthy friendship, you know clearly that something is “off”. F．Even if you have the best friend, it doesn’t hurt to expand your social circle. G．In a positive friendship, your friends won’t lie to you, and they won’t hurt your feelings either. 【答案】6．B 7．D 8．G 9．A 10．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了健康友谊的一些特征。 6．由上文中的“Once in a while it’s helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be.(偶尔看看你们的友谊是否健康是很有帮助的)”和下文“Here are characteristics (特征) that strong friendships share.(以下是牢固友谊共有的特征)”可知，B项“你们的友谊健康吗？”符合语境，起承上启下的作用，B项中的“as healthy as it can be”与上文中的“as healthy as it can be”呼应，故选B。 7．设空处为小标题；根据下文“so you don’t need to act like someone you’re not(所以你不需要表现得像别人一样)”以及“A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.(健康的友谊包括大量温和的诚实)”可知，空处应是说好朋友之间应真诚相待，D项“好朋友彼此之间是真实和诚实的”能够概括主旨，故选D。 8．根据上文“A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.(健康的友谊包括大量温和的诚实)”和下文“As a result, you’ll know where you stand with your friends and won’t be afraid to share your true opinions.(因此，你会知道你与朋友的立场，不会害怕分享你的真实观点)”可知，本段主要是关于朋友之间的诚实，G项“在一段积极的友谊中，你的朋友不会对你撒谎，也不会伤害你的感情”符合语境，故选G。 9．根据“They argue in a healthy way.(他们以健康的方式争吵)”以及下文“In fact, voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that’s okay.(事实上，自由地表达你的观点会导致你偶尔不同意，这没关系)”可知，健康的争吵没关系，A项“争吵并非不健康”符合语境，故选A。 10．根据“Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else, too.(健康的友谊意味着你也可以和别人成为朋友)”以及下文“That’s why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them.(这就是为什么好朋友会改善你的关系，但仍然鼓励你认识新的人，并尝试新的东西没有他们)”可知，健康的友谊意味着你也可以和别人成为朋友，好朋友会鼓励你认识新的人，F项“即使你有最好的朋友，扩大你的社交圈也无妨”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·山东聊城·期中）Find your new favorite hobby Challenging and fun hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. They can lead to better physical health, lower stress, greater life satisfaction, a larger social network and improve work performance. 6 But where do you start? Here are some tips on how to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love. Ask yourself how you want to feel Hobbies present an escape — they can help you get out of your head and calm down. Ask yourself how you want an activity to make you feel. Mentally engaged? Distracted? Relaxed? Socially connected? 7 Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK. Start small 8 Try to figure out gradually if it’s right for you. You can always do more later. If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit, join an outing or two with a local Meet-up group. Or sign up for a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight. 9 When people feel guilty about spending time on leisure, they experience increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. Give yourself permission to do something that you like and keep in mind that if a hobby makes you healthier and happier, everyone around you will benefit. Think of discovering new hobbies as a way to add new dimensions to your life, and enjoy the process. Take a trip back in time When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? The answer could point you toward an appealing hobby. Revisit some activities you loved when you were young, like drawing, putting together model kits, collecting things or building clay figures, which is really helpful to start your new hobbies. 10 Keep a list Keep a list on your fridge or other things of all the things that strike you as interesting. Write down potential interests as they come to you, and you’ll have no shortage of options to explore when you’re ready. A．Remove guilt. B．Keep optimistic. C．Plus, they often promote connection with others. D．Those childhood delights can easily develop into adult hobbies. E．Don’t invest a ton of time and money in a new hobby immediately. F．You should keep an open mind and don’t ignore some potential hobbies. G．It’s also helpful to consider what your life is missing, like creativity or physical activity. 【答案】6．C 7．G 8．E 9．A 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一些建议，即教你如何发现你还不知道自己会喜欢的爱好。 6．根据上文“They can lead to better physical health, lower stress, greater life satisfaction, a larger social network and improve work performance.”（它们可以带来更好的身体健康、更低的压力、更高的生活满意度、更大的社交网络和更好的工作表现。）可知，选项承接上文说明爱好带来的好处。故C选项“此外，他们经常促进与他人的联系”切题。故选C项。 7．根据下文“Recognize that you have different needs at different moments, and that’s OK.”（认识到你在不同的时刻有不同的需求，这是可以的。）可知，选项承接下文都在说明你生活中缺少的东西。故G选项“考虑一下你的生活缺少什么也很有帮助，比如创造力或体育活动”切题。different needs at different moments呼应what your life is missing。故选G项。 8．根据下文“Try to figure out gradually if it’s right for you. You can always do more later.”（试着逐渐弄清楚它是否适合你。你可以以后再做。）可知，选项承接上文说明的都是不急于去去从事新的爱好。故E选项“不要马上在一个新的爱好上投入大量的时间和金钱。”切题。故选E项。 9．根据下文“Give yourself permission to do something that you like and keep in mind that if a hobby makes you healthier and happier, everyone around you will benefit. Think of discovering new hobbies as a way to add new dimensions to your life, and enjoy the process.”（ 允许自己做自己喜欢的事情，记住，如果一个爱好能让你更健康、更快乐，你周围的每个人都会受益。把发现新的爱好看作是为你的生活增添新维度的一种方式，并享受这个过程。来一次时光倒流的旅行）可知，本段主要在讲消除内聚感。故A选项“消除内聚感”为本段的标题。故选A项。 10．根据上文“Revisit some activities you loved when you were young, like drawing, putting together model kits, collecting things or building clay figures, which is really helpful to start your new hobbies.”（重温你年轻时喜欢的一些活动，比如画画、组装模型、收集东西或制作泥人，这对你开始新的爱好很有帮助。）可知，选项承接上文说明上文可能产生的结果。故D选项“这些童年的乐趣很容易发展成成人的爱好。”切题。故选D项。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·浙江宁波·期中）Homeless animals are usually left without a permanent home when their owners give them up or they’re found on the street. With millions of animals living in shelters every year, there aren’t enough people to take them in. 6 If you’d like to help homeless animals, then there are tons of ways to do so. ●  Adopt a pet When you adopt an animal from a shelter or rescue group, you save two lives. 7 , but you’ve made room at the shelter for another homeless cat or dog. There’s nothing more rewarding than adopting a pet who knows what home life is like and has been missing it — until the day you bring that pet home. Adopting truly makes you a hero. ●   8 Whether you like rolling up your sleeves and cleaning cages, socializing with a few of your kitten friends or working with numbers, your skills and interests can make a huge impact on the lives of homeless pets in your community. 9 . Shelters and rescue groups rely on foster (收养的) families to take in dogs and cats on a short-term basis. No matter what you like to do and what you’re good at, there’s a volunteer job for you. ●  Donate to the animals 10 . Consider paying it forward by sponsoring (发起) a pet’s adoption or donating food, cleaning supplies, blankets or towels to your local rescue. You can also help animals right from your computer or phone by donating items from the Best Friends Amazon wish list. A．Volunteer with animals B．So, many animals don’t get the love and care that they need C．Host an animal shelter talk at your school or workplace D．Fostering is a fun way to get lots of helpful hands-on time E．Not only can you feel good about saving the pet you adopted F．You’ll find rescue groups for just about any type of pet G．Whenever you give something to a shelter or a rescue group in your community, you’re helping to save lives 【答案】6．B 7．E 8．A 9．D 10．G 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法帮助无家可归的动物。 6．根据空前“With millions of animals living in shelters every year, there aren’t enough people to take them in. (每年有数百万只动物生活在收容所里，没有足够的人收留它们。)”可知，空前主要介绍了很多动物没有人照顾，故B项“所以，许多动物得不到它们所需要的爱和照顾。”符合，和前文构成因果关系，很多动物在收容所里，因此得不到所需要的爱和照顾，故选B项。 7．根据空后“but you’ve made room at the shelter for another homeless cat or dog.”but you've made room at the shelter for another homeless cat or dog.(而且你在收容所为另一只无家可归的猫或狗腾出了空间。)可知，空后是E项“你不仅能为救你收养的宠物而感到高兴”的顺义承接，not only…but “不仅……而且……”搭配，不仅能为就你收养的宠物而高兴，而且还为另一只无家可归的猫或狗腾出了空间，故选E项。 8．根据空后“Whether you like rolling up your sleeves and cleaning cages, socializing with a few of your kitten friends or working with numbers, your skills and interests can make a huge impact on the lives of homeless pets in your community. (无论你是喜欢卷起袖子打扫笼子，还是喜欢与一些小猫朋友社交，还是喜欢数字工作，你的技能和兴趣都会对你所在社区无家可归宠物的生活产生巨大影响。)”可知，本段主要介绍当志愿者帮助动物，故A项“与动物一起做志愿者”符合，不管你的技能和爱好是什么，都会对你所在的社区的无家可归的宠物生物带来巨大的影响，因此和动物一起做志愿者吧，故选A项。 9．根据空后“Shelters and rescue groups rely on foster (收养的) families to take in dogs and cats on a short-term basis. No matter what you like to do and what you’re good at, there’s a volunteer job for you. (收容所和救援组织依靠寄养家庭短期收留猫狗。无论你喜欢做什么，擅长什么，都有一份志愿者工作适合你。)”可知，这里主要介绍了寄养家庭，故D项“寄养是一种有趣的方式，可以获得大量有益的动手时间”符合，故选D项。 10．根据空前的小标题“Donate to the animals(捐赠给动物)”可知，本段主要介绍向动物捐赠东西，故G项“每当你向社区里的避难所或救援组织捐赠东西时，你就是在帮助拯救生命”符合，故选G项。 Passage 13 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）How to Build Resilience Resilience (适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. It can be developed and enhanced over time. 6 Enhance strong relationships 7 Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems. Value physical health Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. 8 For instance, a 30-minute stroll and a short yoga session are all good choices. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges. 9 A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly. Develop problem-solving skills Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem. 10 By practicing your problem-solving skills on a regular basis, you will be better prepared to cope when a serious challenge emerges. A．Activate positive emotion B．Discover your purpose C．It’s important to have people you can trust. D．It means the difference between handling pressure and losing your cool. E．Experiment with different strategies to work through common problems. F．Use the following strategies as a starting point for your resilience-building journey. G．Start to improve your health by adding a simple exercise routine into your daily schedule. 【答案】6．F 7．C 8．G 9．B 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了增强适应性的一些方法。 6．上文“Resilience ( 适应力) is a crucial skill that can help us face the unpredictability of life and thrive in the face of adversity. It can be developed and enhanced over time.(适应力是一项关键技能，可以帮助我们面对生活中的不可预测性，并在逆境中茁壮成长。它可以随着时间的推移而得到发展和增强)”介绍了适应性的好处，下文“Enhance strong relationships(加强牢固的关系)”，“Value physical health(重视身体健康)”和“Develop problem-solving skills(培养解决问题的能力)”提出一些增强适应性的方法，由此可知，空处承上启下，指出有一些方法可以帮助你增强适应性，F项“使用以下策略作为你建设适应性之旅的起点”符合语境。故选F。 7．下文“Having caring, supportive people around you acts as a protective factor during times of crisis. While simply talking about a situation with a friend or loved one won’t make your troubles go away, it allows you to share your feelings, get support, receive positive feedback, and come up with possible solutions to your problems.(在危机时刻，身边​​有关心和支持你的人会起到保护作用。虽然仅仅与朋友或亲人谈论情况并不能让你的烦恼消失，但它能让你分享自己的感受，获得支持，得到积极的反馈，并想出解决问题的可能方法)”介绍了有值得信赖的人的好处，这说明有值得信赖的人很重要，C项“拥有可以信赖的人很重要”能够引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 8．上文“Your physical well-being significantly impacts your resilience. A healthy body can cope better with stress and recover faster from illness or tiredness. (身体健康会极大地影响你的适应性。健康的身体可以更好地应对压力，更快地从疾病或疲劳中恢复过来)”指出健康的身体对适应性有很大好处，下文“For instance, a 30-minute stroll and a short yoga session are all good choices. By taking care of yourself, you can boost your overall health and resilience and be fully ready to face life’s challenges.(例如，散步 30 分钟和做一小段瑜伽都是不错的选择。通过照顾好自己，你可以提高整体健康和恢复能力，并做好充分准备迎接生活中的挑战)”举例子说明可以在日常生活中进行简单的锻炼以此来改善身体健康，G项“通过在你的日常生活中加入简单的锻炼来开始改善你的健康”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 9．此处是本段小标题，由下文“A sense of purpose can give you direction and motivation, especially during tough times. Consider what goals you have, whether little or large. These goals give a sense of purpose to your life and keep you focused. Write down a list of things you want to accomplish in life. Keep this list in a safe place and evaluate your progress regularly.(目标感可以给你方向和动力，尤其是在困难时期。考虑一下你有什么目标，无论大小。这些目标给你的生活带来目标感，让你保持专注。写下你想在生活中完成的事情的清单。把这份清单放在安全的地方，并定期评估你的进展)”指出要发现自己的目标，B项“发现你的目标”能概括本段内容，符合语境。故选B。 10．上文“Whenever you encounter a new challenge, brainstorm some of the potential ways you could solve the problem.(每当你遇到新的挑战时，集思广益，想出一些可以解决问题的潜在方法)”指出遇到挑战时要集思广益，想出一些可以解决问题的潜在方法，这说明要多尝试不同的策略来解决问题，E项“尝试不同的策略来解决常见问题”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 14 （23-24高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods. 16 Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them. Cheese Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 17 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter, so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring. Egg Yolks Many home cooks think darker egg yolks (蛋黄) are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 18 Darker yolks aren’t necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the area that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素). Salmon Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon, which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic ataxanthin (虾青素). 19 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.” “People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that,” said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 20 Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. Companies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand. A．Without it, cheese would be off-white. B．But producers know the difference colors can make. C．It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet. D．But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different. E．Yolk colors vary when chickens live in a different climates as well. F．Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used. G．Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge fresh colors. 【答案】16．D 17．A 18．C 19．F 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是食品中人工色素的使用情况及其影响。 16．空前“Many companies, including McDonald’s, are removing artificial (人工的) colors from their foods.(包括麦当劳在内的许多公司正在从他们的食品中去除人工色素。)”说明许多公司正在从他们的食品中去除人工色素，空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies are not going to stop using them.(颜色传递了关于食物的重要信号，公司不会停止使用它们。)”说明了公司不会停止使用色素，由此可知，食品较以前不会有什么变化，D选项“But don’t expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.(但是不要期望你的芝士汉堡看起来有很大的不同。)”说明食品不会和以前不同，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 17．空前“Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient (成分) called annatto (胭脂红)listed.(查一下大多数奶酪的包装，上面可能会列出一种叫做胭脂红的成分。)”说明了奶酪里会有胭脂红，空格处应该说这种色素的作用，A选项“Without it, cheese would be off-white.(没有它，奶酪就会变成灰白色。)”中的it指代的是前面的annatto，cheese和前面的cheese相一致，说明了胭脂红的重要作用，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 18．空前“But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed.(但颜色可能是鸡饲料中的着色产品造成的。)”说明了蛋黄的颜色可能是鸡饲料中的着色产品造成的，空格处应该和改变鸡的食物相关，C选项“It’s easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hen’s diet.(通过简单地改变母鸡的饮食，蛋黄的颜色很容易改变。)”说明了改变鸡的饮食，蛋黄的颜色就会改变，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 19．空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying “Color added through feed.”(例如，在Costco，养殖三文鱼的标签上写着“颜色通过饲料添加”。)”举例说明有的商家在食物的标签上写清楚颜色是来自于哪里，F选项“Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.(如果使用了人工色素，生产者需要在标签上声明。)”说明了生产者需要在标签上标出色素是来自于哪里的，引出下文的具体例子，因此符合语境，故选F。 20．空后“Americans, therefore, apparently are not entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food.(因此，美国人显然还没有完全准备好告别各种食品中的人工色素。)”说明了美国人不准备放弃使用人工色素，由therefore可知，空格处应该说为什么美国人不准备放弃使用人工色素，B选项“But producers know the difference colors can make.(但生产者知道色素的重要性。)”说明生产者知道色素的重要性，和后文构成因果关系，因此符合语境，故选B。 Passage 15 （23-24高二下·福建福州·期中）Sleep is essential for our physical and mental health, but many people may experience sleep disturbances. Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Despite getting enough sleep, they may still feel worn out. 1 2 For example, Margaret Thatcher claimed that she only slept five hours a night, which experts believe could have negative effects on health. Additionally, watching TV before bed can disrupt our sleep patterns due to the bright light emission. Although counting sheep is a common technique to aid sleep, some experts suggest engaging in mindless activities like folding laundry instead. 3 A study published in Sleep Health showed that individuals who walked more experienced better sleep.Listening to music likely improves sleep for more than one reason. Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能). 4 Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit.Many people can’t fall asleep quickly because stressful and worrying thoughts keep them awake at night.   Eating habits can also affect sleep. Consuming certain foods and drinks before bedtime can improve the amount of REM sleep, which helps with memory consolidation and learning. Snoring, while generally harmless, can be a sign of sleep apnoea, which can lead to serious health conditions such as strokes, irregular heartbeats, and high blood pressure.   5 Naps or power naps taken during the day can help us be more alert and focused. So, taking small breaks during the day to rest and recharge can boost productivity and energy levels. In conclusion, improving sleep quality requires adopting healthy habits and dispelling harmful sleep-related myths and so on.Only by doing so can we prioritize our sleep and enhance our overall wellbeing. A．Medical advice should be sought if this persists. B．Many sleep-related myths can be harmful to our health C．To improve sleep quality, it’s important to adopt healthy habits. D．People of all ages report better sleep quality after listening to music. E．Listening to music can reduce your stress and inspire positive feelings. F．So people having trouble falling asleep always wonder how they can sleep well. G．Walking is also recommended as a relaxing activity that may improve sleep quality. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些有助于改善睡眠的健康习惯。 1．上文“Lying awake for hours before falling asleep is a common problem. Despite getting enough sleep, they may still feel worn out.(入睡前几个小时睡不着是一个常见的问题。尽管睡眠充足，他们仍然会感到疲惫)”提到关于睡眠的问题，下文介绍了一些影响睡眠的习惯，C项“为了提高睡眠质量，养成健康的习惯很重要”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 2．空处位于段首，为本段主题句，根据本段中 “For example, Margaret Thatcher claimed that she only slept five hours a night, which experts believe could have negative effects on health. Additionally, watching TV before bed can disrupt our sleep patterns due to the bright light emission.(例如，Margaret Thatcher声称她每晚只睡5个小时，专家认为这可能对健康产生负面影响。此外，睡前看电视会因为明亮的光线而扰乱我们的睡眠模式)”可知，本段是介绍一些睡眠习惯对健康的影响，B项“许多与睡眠有关的虚假说法可能对我们的健康有害”适合作为本段主题句，故选B。 3．上文“Although counting sheep is a common technique to aid sleep, some experts suggest engaging in mindless activities like folding laundry instead.(虽然数羊是帮助睡眠的常用方法，但一些专家建议做一些不需要动脑的活动，比如叠衣服)”提到，准假建议做一些不需要动脑的活动，并对此举例说明，比如叠衣服，G项“散步也被推荐为一种放松的活动，可以改善睡眠质量”承接上文，进一步对“不需要动脑的活动”举例，故选G。 4．根据上文“Music can promote sleep directly by affecting your physiology (生理机能).(音乐可以通过影响你的生理机能直接促进睡眠)”和下文“Besides, it can also promote sleep by becoming a healthy bedtime habit.(此外，它还可以通过成为一种健康的睡前习惯来促进睡眠)”可知，此处是列举听音乐能改善睡眠的原因，E项“听音乐可以减轻你的压力，激发积极的情绪”符合语境，故选E。 5．上文“Snoring, while generally harmless, can be a sign of sleep apnoea, which can lead to serious health conditions such as strokes, irregular heartbeats, and high blood pressure.(打鼾虽然通常是无害的，但可能是睡眠呼吸暂停的征兆，这会导致严重的健康问题，如中风、心律不齐和高血压)”提到，打鼾会导致严重的健康问题，A项“如果这种情况持续存在，应寻求医疗建议”承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 Passage 16 （23-24高二下·河南焦作·期中）Gratitude, which is a positive emotional state, can have a profound impact on our mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Gratitude offers us a way of embracing (拥抱) all that makes our lives what they are. 6 It includes the willingness to expand our attention so that we perceive more of the goodness we are always receiving. Robert Emmons is one of the world’s leading experts on the science of gratitude. 7 The first is an affirmation of goodness: People can learn to wake up to the good around them and notice the gifts they have received. The second part of gratitude is recognizing that the source of this goodness rests outside of oneself — we receive these gifts from other people, and sometimes from fate, or the natural world. 8 In one study involving nearly 300 adults seeking counseling services at a university, one group wrote a gratitude letter each week for three weeks. The gratitude group reported significantly better mental health (compared to the control group), 12 weeks after the last writing exercise. 9 A study of this practice found that people who wrote down three things that had gone well in their day and identified the causes of those good things were significantly happier and less depressed. 10 When you practice gratitude, you shift your thoughts away from negative emotions and uncomfortable sensations. Instead, you begin to focus on good things that you may have overlooked. Rather than focusing on the misfortune of having a flat tire, for example, you consider how your job has made it possible to pay for repairs. Or you shift your focus to how fortunate you are to have close friends who are willing to drive you home. A．He defines gratitude as having two parts. B．A little gratitude can do wonders for your mood. C．Gratitude isn’t just a happy feeling for our present lives. D．However, many people don’t realize the power of gratitude. E．Another type of written gratitude practice is counting blessings. F．Gratitude doesn’t necessarily mean showing appreciation for the things that are around you. G．In other words, gratitude helps realize they wouldn’t be where they are without the help of others. 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．G 9．E 10．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是感恩以及感恩的积极作用。 6．根据上文“Gratitude offers us a way of embracing (拥抱) all that makes our lives what they are.(感恩为我们提供了一种拥抱生活的方式)”以及后文“It includes the willingness to expand our attention so that we perceive more of the goodness we are always receiving.(它包括愿意扩大我们的注意力，这样我们就能感受到更多我们一直在接受的美好)”可知，空处应补充说明感恩的含义和带来的感受。故C选项“感恩不仅仅是对我们现在生活的一种快乐的感觉”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 7．根据后文“The first is an affirmation of goodness: People can learn to wake up to the good around them and notice the gifts they have received. The second part of gratitude is recognizing that the source of this goodness rests outside of oneself—we receive these gifts from other people, and sometimes from fate, or the natural world.(首先是对善良的肯定：人们可以学会意识到身边的美好，注意到他们收到的礼物。感恩的第二部分是认识到这些美好的源泉并不在我们自己身上——我们从别人那里得到这些礼物，有时来自命运或自然世界)”可知，后文主要说明了感恩的两个部分，A选项中two parts对应后文的The first和The second。故A选项“他把感恩定义为两部分”引出下文，符合语境，故选A。 8．根据上文“The second part of gratitude is recognizing that the source of this goodness rests outside of oneself—we receive these gifts from other people, and sometimes from fate, or the natural world.(感恩的第二部分是认识到这些美好的源泉并不在我们自己身上——我们从别人那里得到这些礼物，有时来自命运或自然世界)”可知，本句总结上文感恩的第二部分，上文提到美好的源泉并不在我们自己身上，即感恩他人。故G选项“换句话说，感恩让他们意识到，如果没有别人的帮助，他们就不会有今天的成就”承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 9．根据后文“A study of this practice found that people who wrote down three things that had gone well in their day and identified the causes of those good things were significantly happier and less depressed.(一项关于这种做法的研究发现，那些写下一天中发生的三件好事并找出这些好事的原因的人会明显更快乐，更少抑郁)”可知，后文主要提到了通过计算好事的数量来练习感恩。故E选项“另一种书面感恩练习是计算祝福”引出下文，符合语境，故选E。 10．根据本段内容“When you practice gratitude, you shift your thoughts away from negative emotions and uncomfortable sensations. Instead, you begin to focus on good things that you may have overlooked. Rather than focusing on the misfortune of having a flat tire, for example, you consider how your job has made it possible to pay for repairs. Or you shift your focus to how fortunate you are to have close friends who are willing to drive you home.(当你练习感恩时，你会把你的思想从负面情绪和不舒服的感觉中转移开。相反，你开始关注那些你可能忽略的美好事物。例如，你不会把注意力集中在轮胎漏气的不幸上，而是考虑你的工作是如何让你有可能支付维修费用的。或者你把注意力转移到你有多幸运，有愿意开车送你回家的好朋友)”可知，本段主要说明了感恩对心情的积极影响。故B选项“一点感激之情会对你的心情产生奇妙的影响”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 17 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期中）For individuals with hearing loss, listening to conversations in noisy environments can be particularly challenging. Unfortunately, traditional hearing aids adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to processing sounds, regardless of the listening needs of individual users. 1 Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity (清楚) and do not want to engage in conversations with others. Good news is that a hearing aid company named Oticon is taking an important step to solve this No. 1 challenge for people with hearing loss — hearing speech in noise. With new 4D Sensor technology, Oticon Intent, a new device, is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions. 2 In this way, it is able to deliver truly personalised support. But the true hero in sound processing is the brain, as it is constantly working to make sense of sound. Oticon’s new technology provides the brain with access to the full sound environment. 3 In conversation, users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person. Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people. When struggling to hear what someone is saying, users are likely to lean (倾斜) in to listen. The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements. It helps users move beyond just hearing and listening. 4 . Thomas Behrens, Vice President of the company, said, “This small device has up to 20 hours of battery life. 5 When the device requires a recharge, users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.” A．Thus, it is able to prevent memory loss. B．It can recognise what people want and need to listen to. C．Moreover, it helps them communicate and fully engage in life. D．This may make listening and engaging with others more difficult. E．That means users will never have to worry about running out of battery. F．Take a step towards better hearing by contacting your nearest hearing care professional. G．People's communication behaviour reflects their listening intentions via head and body movements. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了Oticon公司推出了一款名为Oticon Intent的新型助听器，它采用4D传感器技术，能理解用户在嘈杂环境中的听力需求，通过监测头部和身体动作实现智能调整，提升听力体验。具备长续航时间和快速充电功能，让用户能够更好地参与对话和生活互动。 1．根据上文的“For individuals with hearing loss, listening to conversations in noisy environments can be particularly challenging. Unfortunately, traditional hearing aids adopt a “one-size-fits-all” approach to processing sounds, regardless of the listening needs of individual users. (对于听力受损的人来说，在嘈杂的环境中听人说话可能特别具有挑战性。不幸的是，传统助听器采用“一刀切”的方法来处理声音，而不考虑个人用户的听力需求。)”和下文的“Users may also experience a lack of sound clarity and do not want to engage in conversations with others.(用户也可能会感到声音不清晰，不想与他人交谈。)”可知，空格前面提及听力损失的个体在嘈杂环境下听人说话特别具有挑战性，并指出传统助听器采用的“一刀切”方法无法满足个体用户的听力需求，选项D(这可能使听和与他人互动更加困难。)直接说明了这种“一刀切”方法带来的结果，下文进一步阐述了由于缺乏声音清晰度，导致用户可能不愿意与人交谈。故选D项。 2．根据上文的“Good news is that a hearing aid company named Oticon is taking an important step to solve this No. 1 challenge for people with hearing loss—hearing speech in noise. With new 4DSensor technology, Oticon Intent, a new device, is capable of understanding the users’ listening intentions. (好消息是，一家名为Oticon的助听器公司正在采取重要措施来解决听力损失患者面临的首要挑战——在噪音中听人讲话。Oticon Intent是一款新设备，采用新的4DSensor技术，能够理解用户的倾听意图。)”和下文的“In this way, it is able to deliver truly personalised support. But the true hero in sound processing is the brain, as it is constantly working to make sense of sound. Oticon’s new technology provides the brain with access to the full sound environment.(通过这种方式，它能够提供真正个性化的支持。但声音处理中真正发挥作用的是大脑，因为它不断地工作来理解声音。Oticon的新技术为大脑提供了进入完整声音环境的途径。)”可知，空格前面提到Oticon Intent借助新的4D传感器技术，能够理解用户的倾听意图，选项B(它能识别人们想要和需要听到的内容。)直接阐述回应了这一点，表明了这种新技术如何实现个性化支持，符合上下文中提到的Oticon Intent 的能力。故选B项。 823．根据下文的“In conversation, users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person. Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people. When struggling to hear what someone is saying, users are likely to lean in to listen. The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements. (在交谈中，用户倾向于保持头部不动与一个人交谈。或者，他们在集体对话中移动头部与不同的人交流。当用户很难听到别人在说什么时，很可能会倾斜着身体听。Oticon Intent的技术通过监测头部和身体运动的传感器来理解用户并适应用户。)”可知，空格后句提到用户在与个人交谈中倾向于保持头部静止，在团体交谈中，倾向于移动头部及身体。选项G(人们的沟通行为通过头部和身体的动作反映了他们的倾听意图。)总述了这点，为整个段落的主题句。故选G项。 4．根据上文的“In conversation, users tend to keep their heads still to engage with a single person. Or they move their heads in a group conversation to engage with different people. When struggling to hear what someone is saying, users are likely to lean in to listen. The technology in Oticon Intent understands and adapts to the user through sensors that monitor head and body movements. (在交谈中，用户倾向于保持头部不动与一个人交谈。或者，他们在集体对话中移动头部与不同的人交流。当用户很难听到别人在说什么时，很可能会倾斜着身体听。Oticon Intent的技术通过监测头部和身体运动的传感器来理解用户并适应用户。)”可知，前文讲述了 Oticon Intent技术如何帮助用户通过监测头部和身体动作来更好地理解对话，选项C(此外，它帮助他们沟通并充分参与生活。)强调了这一技术带来的正面影响，不仅仅是改善听力，更是使用户能够更好地沟通和参与生活，符合上下文的逻辑。故选C项。 5．根据上文的“Thomas Behrens, Vice President of the company, said, “This small device has up to 20hours of battery life.(该公司副总裁Thomas Behrens表示：这款小型设备的电池寿命可达20小时。)”和下文的“When the device requires a recharge, users can simply place it into the charger for just 30 minutes to obtain up to 8 hours of battery life.”(当设备需要充电时，用户只需将其放入充电器中30分钟，即可获得长达8小时的电池寿命。)”可知，该设备有高达20小时的电池寿命，而且只需充电30分钟就能获得高达8小时的电池寿命，选项E(这意味着用户将永远不必担心电池耗尽。)反映了设备电池性能的优势，与上下文的内容相符。故选E项。 Passage 18 （23-24高二下·山东青岛·期中）In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. 6 This observation gave rise to the study of what would become known as the Zeigarnik Effect. The Zeigarnik Effect refers to our tendency to remember incomplete or interrupted tasks better than completed ones. At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. 7 First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. 8 So what can you do about it? Write your tasks down. Your brain is a terrible filing system. Instead of keeping tasks in your head, make a habit of writing them down as soon as they come to you. 9 Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. Don’t forget to look back at how far you’ve come. 10 Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. A．Establish a work shutdown routine. B．Have a system for expanding your job skills. C．The problem when it comes to our productivity is two-fold. D．Yet when customers checked out, these were totally forgotten. E．We always quickly forget everything we’ve already accomplished. F．We need a way to mentally disconnect in our hours away from work. G．You have to actually complete all of your tasks to feel mental relief from it. 【答案】6．D 7．C 8．F 9．A 10．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻的印象。然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。这一现象称之为蔡加尼克效应。通过对这一现象的研究，说明了我们如何在下班后，在精神上得到解脱。 6．根据空前“In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. (20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻印象。)” 可知，空前介绍心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到的一个现象，故D项“然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。”符合，此空继续描写观察到的这一现象，与前文构成转折关系，故选D项。 7．根据空前“At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. (乍一看，蔡加尼克效应似乎是一个方便的适应；记住我们需要做的事情是件好事，想要完成我们开始的事情是一件积极的事情。）”以及后文“First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. (首先，你大脑提醒你的每一项未完成的任务都会占用你的一点注意力，使你更难专注于你目前正在做的事情。其次，即使我们设法从身体上脱离工作，蔡加尼克效应也会确保我们未完成的任务会跟着我们回家。)”可知，此空承上启下，故C选项“当谈到我们的生产力时，这个问题是双重的。”符合，引出后文的提到的两方面的问题，一方面，大脑提醒你为完成的任务会让你很难专注你目前的事情，另一方面，即使身体上脱离了工作，但此效应也会让未完成的任务跟着我们回家，故选C项。 828．根据空前“They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. (它们给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦。)”可知，前文提到蔡加尼克效应使我们未完成的任务会一直在精神上跟随我们，给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦，故F项“我们需要一种方法，在下班后的时间里，在精神上断开联系。”符合，因为这些未完成的任务在精神上跟着我们，给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦，因此我们需要一种方法，在下班后的时间里，在精神上断开联系，故选F项。 9．根据空后“Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. . (在你结束一天的工作之前，为明天制定一个计划，这样你的未完成任务就不会在下班后留在你的脑海中。)”可知，空后提到制定第二天的计划，使自己精神上不被未完成的任务影响，故A选项“建立停工程序。”符合，提到建立停工程序即设定计划。故选A项。 10．根据空后“Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. (因此，在每周末回顾一下你完成的任务，以庆祝你已经完成的任务。)”可知，此空与空后为因果关系，故E选项“我们总是很快就忘记了我们已经完成所有事情。”符合，与空后构成因果关系，我们总是很快就忘记了我们已经完成所有事情，因此我们需要每周回顾一下你完成的任务，以庆祝你已经完成的任务，故选E项。 Passage 18 （23-24高二下·广西南宁·期中）Teaching manners to a young child, may seem a little difficult, but it doesn’t have to be. This article explores these methods that can help you. Practice greeting. 6 Try to remind them to say hello to relatives and friends. If they forget to say “hi”, gently remind them. Try something like, “That’s our neighbor Tom! Do you want to say hello?” Suggest looking someone in the eye. It can be hard for anyone, so this step takes a little extra time. 7 This can make it feel more like a game and can help them get more comfortable! If you notice your-child staring at the ground while talking to someone, gently suggest they look up. 8 This can make them extra shy! Say what they should do. “No” without any suggestion may leave your child feeling confused about what to do next. 9 This way they know what good behavior they should practice instead. 10 Always be kind, polite, and positive in front of your child. You are a positive example to learn from. Consider eating dinner as a family each night. This is a great place to practice polite conversation as well as dinner table manners in particular. A．Set a good example. B．Remind them to say “please”. C．Avoid embarrassing them, though. D．Practicing saying “hello” is the first step. E．Saying what they should do is a good idea. F．To practice, ask your child to look you in the eye. G．It’s parents’ duty to teach their children to take care of themselves.. 【答案】6．D 7．F 8．C 9．E 10．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了培养小孩子礼貌待人的做法。 6．根据标题“Practice greeting.(练习问候。)”和下文的“Try to remind them to say hello to relatives and friends. If they forget to say “hi”, gently remind them. Try something like, “That’s our neighbor Tom! Do you want to say hello?”(试着提醒他们向亲戚朋友问好。如果他们忘记说“嗨”，温柔地提醒他们。你可以这样说：“那是我们的邻居汤姆!你想打个招呼吗？”)”可知，D项(练习说“你好”是第一步。)与标题相符，practice为同词复现，说明了下文具体说明怎样教孩子打招呼，故选D项。 7．根据标题“Suggest looking someone in the eye.(建议直视某人的眼睛。)”和上文的“It can be hard for anyone, so this step takes a little extra time. (这对任何人来说都很难，所以这一步需要额外的时间。)”以及下文的“This can make it feel more like a game and can help them get more comfortable! If you notice your-child staring at the ground while talking to someone, gently suggest they look up.(这可以让它感觉更像一场游戏，可以帮助他们变得更舒服！如果你注意到你的孩子在和别人说话时盯着地面看，温柔地建议他们抬头看。)”可知，F项(练习时，让你的孩子看着你的眼睛。)承接上文及标题，说明了让孩子看着父母的眼睛进行练习，下文说明了这样做可以让孩子因为面对的是父母而感到放松，如果对他人孩子感到了不适，要提醒孩子看着对方的眼神。故选F项。 8．根据上文的“This can make it feel more like a game and can help them get more comfortable! If you notice your-child staring at the ground while talking to someone, gently suggest they look up.(这可以让它感觉更像一场游戏，可以帮助他们变得更舒服！如果你注意到你的孩子在和别人说话时盯着地面看，温柔地建议他们抬头看。)”和下文的“This can make them extra shy!(这会让他们更加害羞！)”可知，C项(不过，避免让他们难堪。)承接上文，说明了如果面对他人孩子感到了不适，要提醒孩子看着对方的眼神，但不要过于强制孩子，下文指出了强制带来的不良后果。故选C项。 9．根据上文的““No” without any suggestion may leave your child feeling confused about what to do next. (没有任何建议的“不”可能会让你的孩子对下一步该做什么感到困惑。)”和下文的“This way they know what good behavior they should practice instead.(这样他们就知道应该练习什么样的好行为。)”可知，E项(说他们应该做什么是个好主意。)承接上文，指出要明确告诉他们做什么而不是不该做什么，下指出这样做的好处。故选E项。 10．根据下文的“Always be kind, polite, and positive in front of your child. You are a positive example to learn from. Consider eating dinner as a family each night. This is a great place to practice polite conversation as well as dinner table manners in particular.(在孩子面前，始终保持善良、礼貌和积极的态度。你是一个值得学习的积极榜样。考虑每晚全家共进晚餐。这是一个练习礼貌对话以及餐桌礼仪的好地方。)”可知，可以在全家人一起吃饭时为孩子树立榜样，A项(树立一个好榜样。)能够概括本段主要内容，适合作为标题。故选A项。 题组02：培优拔高题 Passage 19 （23-24高二下·辽宁沈阳·期中）In a world where technology is king, hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality. 6 These include VR, AR, MR, XR and the list goes on. Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR) and understandably so. Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result, it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not. 7 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users, most commonly used in the gaming scene, but also increasingly used in other areas. However, AR and VR can be quite different in many ways. 8 Simply put, VR “transports” the user to another world, by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse (使沉浸于) the gamer in a different reality. For example, it can make users feel as if they are falling, thereby igniting fear. AR, however, does not change the entire landscape of what users see. In fact, it adds to reality with digital images. While AR may be less immersive than VR, the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games. 9 VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 10 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future, but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess. A．VR can be interactive or non-interactive. B．The main difference lies in the mode of delivery. C．In short, at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies. D．However, they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world. E．They would see computer made images as an overlay to what they see in real life. F．Moreover, since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets, it is more accessible. G．It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R” s that have come into existence. 【答案】6．G 7．C 8．B 9．F 10．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AR和VR的相同点和不同点。 6．上文“In a world where technology is king, hardly does a day go by without the launch of some ‘world-changing’ product in the field of alternate reality.(在一个技术为王的世界里，几乎每天都会在另类现实领域推出一些‘改变世界’的产品)”和下文“These include VR, AR, MR, XR and the list goes on.(其中包括VR、AR、MR、XR，还有很多)”说明技术发展迅速，几乎每天都有一些新的科技产品的出现。空处承上启下，G项中的“increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R” s”和上文中的“hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product ”相呼应，“the “R” s”和下文中的“VR, AR, MR, XR”相呼应，表明跟上科技进步很困难，因为新科技产品不断在出现，同时引出下文对一些“R”的列举。所以G项“要跟上已经出现的‘R’也变得越来越困难。”符合语境。故选G。 7．下文“Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users, most commonly used in the gaming scene, but also increasingly used in other areas.(两者都旨在为用户提供增强或丰富的体验，最常用于游戏场景，但也越来越多地用于其他领域)”说明VR和AR技术的使用意图是一样的。空处引出下文，下文中的“both”指代C项中的“at the heart of VR and AR”，说明VR和AR的核心是两种非常相似的技术，两者旨在为用户提供增强或丰富的体验。所以C选项“简而言之，VR和AR的核心是两种非常相似的技术”符合题意。故选C。 8．上文“However, AR and VR can be quite different in many ways.(然而，AR和VR在很多方面可能有很大的不同)”说明AR和VR在很多方面都大不相同。空处承接上文，B选项中的“The main difference”和上文中的“quite different in many ways”相呼应，恰当地引入了接下来对VR和AR如何不同进行详细解释的内容。所以B项“主要的区别在于传输方式”符合题意。故选B。 9．上文“While AR may be less immersive than VR, the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games.(虽然AR的沉浸感可能不如VR，但使用AR的游戏的成功证明，它可以与VR游戏一样甚至更具娱乐性)”说明AR虽然沉浸感可能不如VR，但使用AR的游戏同样或甚至更有趣。空处承接上文，进一步补充了AR的优势。即无需额外设备，增加了用户友好性和普及度，与上文形成递进关系。F选项“此外，由于AR不需要使用护目镜或头盔，因此使用起来更方便”符合题意。故选F。 10．上文“VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers.(VR和AR都是强大的技术，对许多消费者来说仍然相对较新)”和下文“They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future, but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess.(它们可以完全改变我们未来使用电子设备的方式，但其中一种是否会胜过另一种是任何人的猜测)”说明这两项技术目前的新兴状态，但它们已经开始在特定领域产生重大影响。此处与前文为转折关系，并引出下文。说明VR和AR的影响。D选项“然而，它们已经开始撼动游戏世界”与上文构成转折关系，选项中的“they”指代前文中的“VR and AR”，“begun to shake things up in the gaming world”和下文中的“completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future”相呼应；由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D。 Passage 20 （23-24高二下·辽宁·期中）“Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000years ago. From the time you enter this world, you start communicating. Your first cry is your first attempt at verbal (口头的) communication. And as you start growing, you find newer ways of communication. You learn to form words and sentences to communicate. 1 Verbal communication means effectively presenting your thoughts verbally. 2 Be it a weekly meeting or a presentation to stakeholders (股东), the importance of verbal communication is unparalleled. People always remember a person who speaks clearly, effectively, and confidently. For instance, Apple co-founder Steve Jobs’s speech at the iPhone launching ceremony is a classic example of brilliant verbal communication that people remember even today. 3 Interpersonal communication often happens between two individuals. Reactions and responses from the other person will help you understand if you’re getting your thoughts across clearly. Public communication is also known as “public speaking”. Speeches, election campaigns and presentations are a few examples of this type. Verbal communication is a broad topic. There are various elements that help us organize our thoughts around it. They include the tone, speed, and volume of your speech. 4 Each of these elements matters in any kind of verbal communication. A variety of challenges may arise in verbal communication. Although difficulties with verbal communication can’t be entirely avoided, it is possible to increase your chances of communicating successfully. Consider the message you wish to communicate before speaking and communicate with respect for the recipient’s point of view. 5 Pronounce your words clearly and be conscious of nonverbal aspects such as eye contact, posture and facial expressions. A．Pay attention to what you say and how you say it. B．Its relevant skills are essential in the world of business. C．Verbal communication can be classified into two main types. D．This is the beginning of the real sense of verbal communication. E．Language barriers are a major cause of confusion in verbal communication. F．Everyone has a unique style of communicating and understanding messages. G．Additionally, grammar and vocabulary are critical aspects of verbal communication. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口头交际的概念、分类及应对口头交际中存在的挑战的方法。 1．根据上文““Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000years ago. From the time you enter this world, you start communicating. Your first cry is your first attempt at verbal (口头的) communication. And as you start growing, you find newer ways of communication. You learn to form words and sentences to communicate.(2000多年前，希腊著名哲学家亚里士多德写道：“人是天生的社会性动物。”从你进入这个世界的那一刻起，你就开始交流了。你的第一次哭泣是你第一次尝试用语言交流。当你开始成长时，你会发现新的交流方式。你学会组织单词和句子来交流)”可知，此空设于段尾，起到承接上文作用，该项中的This 指代上一句内容，该项说明了“人们学习组词造句来交流，这是真正意义上的口头交际的开始”。故D选项“这是真正意义上的语言交流的开始”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“Verbal communication means effectively presenting your thoughts verbally.(口头交流是指用语言有效地表达你的想法)”以及下文“Be it a weekly meeting or a presentation to stakeholders (股东), the importance of verbal communication is unparalleled. People always remember a person who speaks clearly, effectively, and confidently. For instance, Apple co-founder Steve Jobs’s speech at the iPhone launching ceremony is a classic example of brilliant verbal communication that people remember even today.(无论是每周一次的会议还是对利益相关者的演讲，口头沟通的重要性都是无与伦比的。人们总是记得说话清晰、有效、自信的人。例如，苹果公司联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯在iPhone发布仪式上的演讲就是一个经典的口头交流的例子，即使在今天人们也记得)”可知，此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，该项中的Its relevant skills指代“口头交际相关的技能”，且与下文存在解释关系，无论是每周一次的会议还是面向参与方的演讲都反映了“口头交际技能在商业领域是必不可少的”。故B选项“它的相关技能在商业世界中是必不可少的”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据后文“Interpersonal communication often happens between two individuals. Reactions and responses from the other person will help you understand if you’re getting your thoughts across clearly. Public communication is also known as “public speaking”. Speeches, election campaigns and presentations are a few examples of this type.(人际交往经常发生在两个人之间。对方的反应和回应会帮助你理解你是否清楚地表达了自己的想法。公共沟通也被称为“公共演讲”。演讲、竞选活动和演讲就是这种类型的几个例子)”可知，此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。该段介绍了“人际沟通”和“公众沟通”两种类型的口头交际。故C选项“语言交际可以分为两种主要类型”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“Verbal communication is a broad topic. There are various elements that help us organize our thoughts around it. They include the tone, speed, and volume of your speech.(口头交流是一个广泛的话题。有各种各样的因素可以帮助我们围绕它组织我们的思想。它们包括你讲话的语气、语速和音量)”可知，此空设于段中，与上文存在递进关系，上文说明了影响口头交际的因素，包括语气、语速和音量。该项介绍了另外两个因素，即语法和词汇。故G选项“此外，语法和词汇是语言交际的关键方面”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“A variety of challenges may arise in verbal communication. Although difficulties with verbal communication can’t be entirely avoided, it is possible to increase your chances of communicating successfully. Consider the message you wish to communicate before speaking and communicate with respect for the recipient’s point of view. (语言交际中可能会出现各种各样的挑战。虽然语言交流的困难不能完全避免，但增加成功沟通的机会是可能的。说话前要考虑你想要传达的信息，并尊重对方的观点)”以及后文“Pronounce your words clearly and be conscious of nonverbal aspects such as eye contact, posture and facial expressions.(发音清晰，注意眼神交流、姿势和面部表情等非语言方面)”可知，此空设于段中，与上下文存在并列关系，该句说明了增加沟通成功率的一种方法，即注意所说的内容及说话的方式。故A选项“注意你说的话和说话的方式”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 21 （23-24高二下·江苏常州·期中） Students’ Journey to Empower Rural Heritage From Aug 18 to 22 a team of 15 Tsinghua University students, representing diverse backgrounds from China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Indonesia, set foot on an overseas research exploration focusing on rural revitalization (振兴) in Indonesian villages, particularly within Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character. 6 The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations. 7 . Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of the students are accustomed, but the villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development. 8 . The weaving skills and architectural techniques of Sukarara and Sade villages are not only beautiful, but they are also an inseparable part to the identity of these communities. It’s essential that they strike a balance between progress and preservation. 9 . They carried with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. 10 . They were optimistic that Indonesian villages could experience meaningful development, ultimately leading to increased opportunities for employment and an improved quality of life. A．In Sukarara, a local tradition requires girls master weaving skills before marriage B．They decided to be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth C．Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team D．While these villages possess undeniable fascination, many remain underdeveloped E．It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down F．As the journey came to an end, all the students regarded it as a rewarding experience G．This effort includes the knowledge exchange between the students and local villagers 【答案】6．D 7．C 8．E 9．F 10．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述来自中国、韩国、马来西亚和印度尼西亚的15名清华大学学生组成的团队在印度尼西亚的村庄开始了一场聚焦乡村振兴的海外研究探索之旅。 6．上文“With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character.(印尼拥有丰富多样的文化遗产，拥有83000多个村庄，每个村庄都散发着自己的魅力和特色)”说明在印尼拥有很多有特色的村庄。空处承接上文，D项中的“these villages”和上文中的“over 83,000 villages”相呼应，“fascination”和上文的“ charm”相呼应，说明D项“尽管这些村庄具有不可否认的魅力，但许多村庄仍不发达”符合语境，为上文提到的“乡村振兴的海外研究探索之旅”奠定背景。故选D。 7．上文“The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations.(研究团将学生们带到了NTB的两个旅游目的地Sukarara和Sade村)”说明学生们去了Sukarara和Sade村。空处承接上文，C项中的Both指代Sukarara and Sade villages，说明C项“两个村都被选中参加由乡村振兴工作队领导的振兴工作”符合语境。故选C。 8．上文“Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of the students are accustomed, but the villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development.(Sukarara和Sade与大多数学生习惯的繁忙城市截然不同，但这些村庄是对印尼丰富文化及其对保护传统的虔诚的活生生的考验。振兴这些村庄不仅仅是经济发展)”说明振兴这些村庄不仅仅是经济发展，还需要保护其丰富的文化以及传统。空处承上启下，E项中的It指代上文中“The Revitalizing these villages”， traditions和下文中的“The weaving skills and architectural techniques”相呼应，说明E项“这是关于保护文化遗产和确保传统传承”符合语境。故选E。 9．下文“They carried with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places.(他们不仅带着对在那里经历的记忆，而且有责任对这些非凡的地方产生积极影响)”说明这次研究探索之旅结束后带来的意义。F项“旅程结束时，所有的学生都认为这是一次有益的经历”符合语境，能够引出下文。故选F。 10．上文“They carried with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. (他们不仅带着对在那里经历的记忆，而且有责任对这些非凡的地方产生积极影响)”说明学生们肩负着对这些非凡地方产生积极影响的责任，空处承接上文，B项中的They指代前文中（F项中的）“all the students”，“be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth”和前文中的“responsibility”相呼应，说明B项“他们决定成为传统与进步之间的桥梁，为自己的成长而团结一致”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 22 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）Once you get close enough to someone, it’s easy to assume they’ll be a friend for life — but friendships take work, too, and it’s important that you make time to cultivate these relationships as well. 1 . Read on to discover some questions you should ask your close friends. 1. “How do you think we’ve both changed since we became friends?” There’s a good chance that you’ve been friends with those closest to you for some time, which means you’ve both changed in certain ways over the years. Shari, founder of Imperfectly Perfect Life, says it’s important to reflect on that change. “ 2 ,” she shares. 2. “ 3 ” “You don’t have to just focus on your own friendship. People vary greatly in what makes them feel most connected to others — for some it’s sharing something exciting together, while for others, it’s doing daily tasks together,” Julia, a clinical psychologist, notes. 3. “What is the best advice you’ve ever received?” Another way you can “gain a deeper understanding of your friend’s values, beliefs, and the lessons they’ve learned along their journey” is by asking them about the best advice they’ve ever received. “This provides an opportunity to share wisdom that has had a significant impact on their personal growth,” Natalie shares. “ 4 , fostering mutual understanding within your friendship.” 4.“What are your biggest dreams for your life?” 5 , if you are truly committed to being friends for life. “Many friendships keep the friends locked in to their current reality,” Moore cautions. “But knowing your friend’s goals can create the space for your friendship to grow.” A．What life experience has shaped you the most? B．Acknowledging your growth can enhance your friendship C．When do you feel most connected to the people in your life? D．It’s also good to acknowledge that even the closest friendships are not perfect E．You should know what your friend actually envisions for themselves in the future F．Additionally, it opens the door for meaningful conversations about life’s challenges G．We’ve talked to different experts to get their best advice on how to create stronger bonds 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是说明文。本文提供了四个问题，通过提出这些深入且意义深远的问题，可以促进与朋友之间更深层次的交流和理解，从而培养出更加坚固和有意义的友谊。 1．下文“ Read on to discover some questions you should ask your close friends.”（继续阅读，找出一些你应该问亲密朋友的问题。）所以空白处需要一个过渡句引出下文的专家建议，选项G“We’ve talked to different experts to get their best advice on how to create stronger bonds.”(我们已经与不同的专家进行了交谈，以获得他们关于如何建立更牢固的关系的最佳建议。)符合。故选G。 2．根据前文Shari的言论“Shari, founder of Imperfectly Perfect Life, says it’s important to reflect on that change.”（“不完美生活”的创始人沙里说，反思这种变化很重要。）此处应填入关于承认彼此成长对于加深友谊的作用，选项B“Acknowledging your growth can enhance your friendship.”（承认你的成长可以增进你的友谊。）符合。故选B。 3．根据下文““You don’t have to just focus on your own friendship. People vary greatly in what makes them feel most connected to others—for some it’s sharing something exciting together, while for others, it’s doing daily tasks together,” Julia, a clinical psychologist, notes.”（临床心理学家Julia指出：“你不必只关注自己的友谊。人们在与他人最有联系的方面差异很大——对一些人来说，这是一起分享一些令人兴奋的事情，而对另一些人来说是一起做日常任务。”）这里是说什么时候与生活中的人联系最紧密，选项C“When do you feel most connected to the people in your life?”（你觉得什么时候和你生活中的人联系最紧密？）与其他并列为其中一个问题，符合。故选C。 4．上文“This provides an opportunity to share wisdom that has had a significant impact on their personal growth”（这为他们提供了一个分享对个人成长有重大影响的智慧的机会）说出了询问朋友收到最佳建议的好处，又根据下文“fostering mutual understanding within your friendship.”（在友谊中增进相互理解），缺失的部分应是对这种交流带来的正面效果的描述，选项F“Additionally, it opens the door for meaningful conversations about life’s challenges”（此外，它还为关于生活挑战的有意义的对话打开了大门），承接下文。故选F。 5．此处的问题是“What are your biggest dreams for your life?”（你人生最大的梦想是什么？），并在后面“But knowing your friend’s goals can create the space for your friendship to grow.”（但是知道你朋友的目标可以为你们的友谊创造空间。）解释了为什么了解朋友的未来梦想对于维持长久友谊的重要性，E选项“ You should know what your friend actually envisions for themselves in the future”（你应该知道你的朋友对自己未来的实际设想）符合问题的主旨。故选E。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$