Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册创新导学案课件PPT（译林版2020）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 4　Exploring poetry Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 3 课堂效果检测 4 课后课时作业 5 课前预习自检 Ⅰ. 重点词汇 1．to support sth publicly——vt. _________ 2．perfect; most suitable——adj. ______ 3．to experience sth, especially a change or sth unpleasant——vt. ________ 4．a person who writes novels——n. ________ advocate ideal undergo novelist 课前预习自检 5．something that you believe, especially as part of your religion——n. ______ 6．very strict and difficult to change——adj. ______ 7．an area of a country or town, especially one that has particular features——n. ________ 8．_____________ 与某事终止关联，破除 belief rigid district break with sth 课前预习自检 Ⅱ.教材原句 1．It was a time when many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world ________________________ (以新的、不同的方式看待世界)． 2．The aim of the Romantics was to ____________ (破除) the ideals of the 18th century: they refused to follow rigid rules; instead, they __________________ (重视) the importance of imagination and feeling, the love of nature and a return to the past. 3．In England, the greatest achievements of the Romantic movement ________ (在于) poetry, especially that of William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. in new and different ways break with put emphasis on lay in 课前预习自检 4．Romantic poets _________________________________________ (经常对发生的事不满意) in their country and they were not always interested in the improvements in science. 5．Instead, they ____________________ (提倡回到) to nature. 6．___________ (因此), celebrating the beauty of nature and country life became a common theme in Romantic poetry. 7．The poets also wrote about _____________________________ (个人情感和信仰). were often not pleased with what was happening advocated going back As a result individual feelings and beliefs 课前预习自检 8．Exploring the world of emotion and showing the beauty of nature, the poetry of the Romantic era is ________________________ (最伟大的宝藏之一) in Western literature. 9．Growing up in the beautiful Lake District, Wordsworth had a childhood that ________________ (对……是完美的) a developing poet. 10．It was published in 1798 and __________________ (标志着……的开始) the Romantic era in poetry. one of the greatest treasures was perfect for marked the start of 课前预习自检 重点合作探究 1 break with sth 与某事终止关联，破除(教材P48) 归纳拓展 情景助记 重点合作探究 ①They are not afraid to break with convention. 他们不怕打破常规。 ②You will break down if you take on more work than you can. 如果承担的工作太多，你会垮掉的。 ③She longed to break in on their conversation but didn't want to appear rude. 她很想打断他们的谈话，但又不愿显得粗鲁。 重点合作探究 ④There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break into the house. 附近没有人可能会看见他试图闯进房子里。 ⑤She broke away from the pack and opened up a two­second lead. 她甩开所有其他赛跑者，以两秒领先。 ⑥She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me. 她掰了一块巧克力给我。 重点合作探究 介词、副词填空 ①I was telling them about my exciting travels, when he break _____ with a story of his own. ②The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break _______ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. ③Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking ______ some bad habits. in down with 重点合作探究 ④Shall we break ______ our discussion and have some tea or coffee, please? ⑤A big fire broke ______ last night; luckily, no one was killed or injured. ⑥When the thief was trying to break ______ the bank, he was caught on the spot. ⑦Scientists hope to break _________ soon in their fight against heart disease. off out into through 重点合作探究 2 rigid adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的(教材P48) 归纳拓展 情景助记 重点合作探究 ①She was a fairly rigid person who had strong religious views. 她是个相当刻板、有着很强宗教观念的人。 ②In a traditional Chinese family filial piety is rigidly observed. 在传统的中国家庭里，人们恪守孝道。 ③Now is certainly not a time for rigidity. 现在当然不是一成不变的时代。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①It would seem more sensible to apply standards flexibly rather than ________ (rigid)． ②The symptoms of the disease is muscle ________ (rigid), which can cause his face to become expressionless. (2)单句表达 她直挺挺地坐着，吓得浑身发僵。 She sat upright, her body ______________． rigidly rigidity rigid with fear 重点合作探究 3 advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡　n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师(教材P48) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 重点合作探究 ①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 ②The report advocated that all buildings should be fitted with smoke detectors. 报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。 ③He became an advocate of large project. 他成了一个大型项目的倡导者。 重点合作探究 advocate接从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should也可省略。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 People advocate that everyone _____________ (live) a low­carbon life. (2)单句表达 他在会议上主张在市中心禁止汽车通行。 He ___________________________ cars in the city centre at the meeting. (should) live advocated/advocates banning 重点合作探究 4 belief n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心(教材P48) 归纳拓展 情景助记 重点合作探究 ①Her son's skin improved beyond belief. 她儿子的皮肤得到了难以置信的改善。 ②I admire his passionate belief in what he is doing. 我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。 ③They need a leader they can believe in. 他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。 重点合作探究 ④Believe it or not, he was here yesterday as large as life. 信不信由你，他昨天确确实实是在这儿。 ⑤It is believed that the couple have left the country. 人们认为那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ________ (believe) that populations are increasing. ②This belief ____ “post­industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies. belief in 重点合作探究 ③Believing _____ such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross­border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results. (2)单句表达 据信这座城堡建于16世纪。 _________________ the castle was built in the 16th century. It is believed that in 重点合作探究 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 单句语法填空 1．Mary's sister, Frances Toddy Wallace, often came over _________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 2．Their faces were so powerful in _________ a message of their despair (绝望) and need that I joined this project without hesitation. to plant sending 语法体验 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 3．________ emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. 4．This actor often has the first two tricks ________ (plan) before performing, and then goes for whatever. 5．________ (help) us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. Being planned To help Grammar 非谓语动词综述 语法讲座 非谓语动词常指动词不定式、动词­ing形式和动词­ed形式，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表： 形式 功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动词不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词­ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词­ed形式 √ √ √ √ Grammar 非谓语动词综述 一、非谓语动词作主语 动词不定式与动词­ing形式都可以在句中用作主语。 To live is to do something valuable. 活着就是要做一些有价值的事。 Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your preference and emotions. 了解你自己的需要和交流方式与学会表达你的喜好和情感一样重要。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 It is everyone's duty to obey the law. 遵守法律是每个人的义务。 It took her a month to read the novel. 阅读这部小说花了她一个月的时间。 It is up to us to help those in need. 帮助那些需要帮助的人是我们的责任。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 2．动词­ing形式作主语时，有时也可以用形式主语it代替，动词­ing形式置于句末。 常见句型：It is useless/no use/no good/a waste of time/ ...＋动词­ing ... It's a waste of time trying to get her to change her mind. 想让她改变主意就是浪费时间。 It's no good complaining—they never listen. 抱怨毫无用处——他们根本不听。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 动词不定式与动词­ing形式都可以在句中用作宾语。 1．在afford, agree, arrange, choose, claim, desire, expect, fail, hope, intend, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等动词后，常接动词不定式作宾语。 Peter offered to teach them water­skiing. 彼得表示愿意教他们滑水。 They intend to leave early tomorrow morning to avoid traffic jams. 为了避免交通堵塞，他们打算明天一大早出发。 二、非谓语动词作宾语 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 2．在advise, admit，avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, finish, practise, suggest 等动词后以及burst out, give up, insist on, keep on, put off等短语后，常接动词­ing形式作宾语。 We were considering buying a new car. 我们在考虑买一辆新车。 I'd advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August. 要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。 I put off going to the doctor but now I wish I hadn't. 我推迟了去看医生的时间，但现在我希望我当时没推迟。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 3．在like, love, begin, start等动词后，既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词­ing形式作宾语，但二者区别不大，常可以交换使用。 It started to rain. ＝It started raining. 下起雨来了。 I like talking with him for his humor. ＝I like to talk with him for his humor. 我喜欢和他交谈，因为他很幽默。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 4．在remember, forget, regret, try, mean 等动词后，既可以接动语不定式作宾语，也可以接动词­ing形式作宾语，但二者意义不同。 Remember to turn off the lights before you leave. 你离开前记得关灯。 I remember turning off the lights before I left. 我记得我离开前关灯了。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 5．介词后一般只接动词­ing形式作宾语。 How about going for a walk? 去散散步怎么样？ My father was fond of fishing in the river when he was little. 我爸爸小的时候喜欢在这条河里钓鱼。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 动词不定式、动词­ing形式与动词­ed形式都可以在句中用作表语。 1．动词不定式可以在句中用作表语，说明主语所指的内容，动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语，有的情况下to可以省略。 The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children. 教育的目的是发展儿童优良的品格。 三、非谓语动词作表语 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 2．动词­ing形式和动词­ed形式可以在句中用作表语。说明主语的特征或者状态，动词­ing形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。 It's surprising that the machine should break down only a week later. 这台机器竟然仅仅一周后就坏了，太令人吃惊了。 I was surprised that I was the first to arrive. 我很惊讶我是第一个到的。 My job is rearranging the books in the library. 我的工作是重新整理图书馆里的书。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 动词不定式、动词­ing形式与动词­ed形式都可以在句中用作定语。 1．动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事，动词­ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事，动词­ed形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义。 I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。 The girl singing in the next room is his sister. 隔壁房间里正在唱歌的女孩是他的妹妹。 四、非谓语动词作定语 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 Half of the guests invited to the party are his colleagues. 被邀请参加聚会的客人中有一半是他的同事。 These trucks carry goods exported to foreign countries. 这些卡车运送出口货物。 2．动词不定式和动词­ing形式作定语时可以有被动形式。 Are you going to the conference to be held next week? 你准备参加下周举行的会议吗？ The man being questioned is the only witness to the accident. 正在接受审问的那个人是事故的唯一目击者。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 (1)the only, the last, the next等以及序数词后常用不定式作定语。 She was the last to go to bed. 她是最后一个睡觉的人。 (2)被the only, the best, the last, the next等或序数词修饰的词后，常用不定式作后置定语。China was the first developing country to independently perform a manned space flight. 中国是第一个独立进行载人航天飞行的发展中国家。 (3)ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way等抽象名词后常用不定式作定语。 The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 动词不定式、动词­ing形式与动词­ed形式都可以在句中用作状语。 1．动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者结果，动词­ing形式和动词­ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随、让步、条件等意义。 We will continue our campaign to prevent and control air pollution to make our sky blue again. 我们将继续我们防治空气污染的运动，以使我们的天空再次变得蔚蓝。 五、非谓语动词作状语 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself. 他从小山上走下来，自顾自轻声哼着曲儿。 His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，他成了孤儿。 Knowing all this, I still want to see it for myself. 尽管知道了一切情况，我还是想亲自去看一看。 Seriously injured, she had to be sent to hospital at once. 她受了重伤，必须立刻送往医院。 Given more time, we would have done the work better. 如果(当时)给予更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 2．动词­ing形式具有主动意义，动词­ed形式具有被动意义。 Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage. 向右转，你会找到一条通往他的小别墅的小路。 Painted white, the house looks bigger. 漆成白色后，这房子看起来大了些。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 3．动词­ing形式作状语可用完成式。 Having been shown around the library, the visitors were taken to the playground. 参观完图书馆后，游客们被带到了操场上。 Not having received the answer, the girl decided to write another email. 由于没有得到答复，这个女孩决定再写一封电子邮件。 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 1．在expect, forbid, force, order, permit, request, warn等动词后，常接“名词/代词＋动词不定式”结构，动词不定式作补语。 Father will not allow us to play in the street. 父亲不会允许我们在街上玩耍。 We warned them not to skate on such thin ice. 我们告诫过他们，不要在这么薄的冰上溜冰。 六、非谓语动词作补语 Grammar 非谓语动词综述 2．在see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后，可以接不带to的动词不定式作补语，表示动作的整个过程；这些动词也可以接动词­ing形式作补语，表示动作正在进行。 I often hear the girl play the piano in the next room. 我经常听见这个女孩在隔壁房间弹钢琴。(hear这一动作的全过程) I saw him entering the bank. 我看见他正走进银行。(enter这一动作正在进行) Grammar 非谓语动词综述 3．动词­ed形式作补语常表示被动意义。 I will have my bike repaired tomorrow. 明天我要让人修一下我的自行车。(bike和repair为逻辑上的动宾关系) He was happy to see his mother taken good care of at home. 他很高兴看到母亲在家里受到很好的照顾。(his mother与take为逻辑上的动宾关系) Grammar 非谓语动词综述 (1)单句语法填空 ①National medical teams began __________ (send) to Hubei and Wuhan. ②The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly ___________ (confirm) cases. to be sent confirmed Grammar 非谓语动词综述 ③____________ (return) to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. ④It's hard ________ (tell) exactly how many people agree with him. ⑤Those _________ (view) the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. Returning to tell viewing Grammar 非谓语动词综述 (2)单句表达 ①这里有四个很棒的画廊供参观，从美术到互动娱乐，所以这里有适合每个人的东西！ There are four fantastic galleries ________ from fine art to interactive fun, so there's something for everyone! ②由于年轻人无法负担离家的费用，老年人面临孤独的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。 With the young unable to afford __________ home and the old at risk of isolation, more families are choosing to live together. to visit to leave Grammar 非谓语动词综述 ③有些晚上，我的心都碎了，不得不在我的孩子和准备考试或论文之间作出选择。 Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and _____________ exams or papers. ④在漫长的一天工作之后，当然，你会觉得累，但它可以帮助你的大脑保持健康。 After a long day at work—sure, you will __________， but it can help your brain stay healthy. ⑤我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。 I need a new passport so I will have to have ______________________． studying for feel tired my photographs taken Grammar 非谓语动词综述 课堂效果检测 Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．The curriculum was too narrow and _______ (死板的)． 2．The ________ (区域) is under consideration for designation as a conservation area. 3．There is no point ____________ (提倡) improving public transportation unless we can pay for it. 4．Some children u________ a complete transformation when they become teenagers. 5．She found it hard to live up to his high i______． rigid district advocating ndergo deals 课堂效果检测 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．After a long run, you may feel like you're in pain, you may feel _______ (tire)． 2．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _______ (spend) with his students. 3．Multiple genes behaved differently, ___________ (depend) on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. tired spent depending 课堂效果检测 4．We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick ________ (live) with his mother­in­law. 5．In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected _________ (move) in with their husband's family when they get married. to live to move 课堂效果检测 Ⅲ.单句表达 1．在我看来，一切似乎都很顺利。 From my standpoint, it all _______________ very well. 2．它们排出大量用来吸引不同昆虫的香味，这些昆虫是攻击者的天敌。 They pump out perfumes _____________________________ different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. seems to work (which are) designed to attract 课堂效果检测 3．难以置信的是一个14岁的女孩可以打破省级跳高纪录。 _____________________ a 14­year­old girl could break the provincial high jump record. 4．每天早上我去上班的时候都会看到这位老大爷在公园散步。 Every morning when I go to work, I _______________________ in the park. 5．他回来了，发现卧室乱成一团，却不知道是谁该受到责备。 He returned, only ________ that the bedroom was in a mess but had no idea who was _________． It's beyond belief that see the old man walking to find to blame 课堂效果检测 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 In 1994 I was in the midst of a depression (抑郁症). When I was depressed, I __1__. One day I was cleaning up the rooms and found a CD covered with dust. I wiped it off, put it in the __2__ and started washing dishes. A man's voice, reading poetry, filled my house. The sound of the speaker's voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me. I stopped and __3__． 课后课时作业 64 I began to take poems into my life, not simply reading them, but developing rich relationships with the __4__. I learned many by heart. They became my therapy and __5__. Those poems made me wiser and healthier. __6__， in the fall of 2008, poetry __7__ me in a way I had never expected. I had put all my savings in a small, local fund. Two months later, the leader of the fund left me a message: “The financial crisis __8__ our fund particularly hard. We've lost everything.” I stood there, __9__． 课后课时作业 65 Suddenly I heard a poem, __10__， called Kindness in my mind. It felt like the poem had been written for me __11__， for this exact moment, like the perfect helper __12__ on the scene at the instant of an accident. Kindness became my __13__. I read it before going to bed, and at breakfast every morning. It reminded me that this was not a __14__， but a path to sympathy, and I was not walking alone. Even now, I reach for Kindness several times a week to carry me __15__ the heart of what really matters to me. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有抑郁症，偶然间爱上了诗歌朗诵，这些诗歌抚慰了作者的心灵。作者投资基金，遭遇金融危机，积蓄全都没了，是一首名叫《善良》的诗歌让作者重新对生活燃起希望。 课后课时作业 66 1．A.ran B．slept C．cleaned D．sang 2．A.drawer B．player C．washer D．fridge 答案：C　根据下文“One day I was cleaning up the rooms”可知，此处指作者沮丧时会打扫卫生(clean)。故选C。 答案：B　drawer “抽屉”；player “播放器”；washer “洗衣机”；fridge “冰箱”。根据上文的“found a CD covered with dust”可知，此处指把光盘放到播放器里播放。故选B。 课后课时作业 67 3．A.wept B．left C．laughed D．listened 答案：A　weep “哭泣”；leave “离开”；laugh “大笑”；listen “听”。根据上文“The sound of the speaker's voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me.”和上文提到作者有抑郁症可知，此处指作者在听到这触动心灵的声音后，哭了起来。故选A。 课后课时作业 68 4．A.tunes B．rhymes C．words D．CDs 5．A.medicine B．food C．assistance D．attention 答案：C　tune “曲调”；rhyme “韵律”；word “文字”；CD “光盘”。根据上文“take poems into my life”可知，诗歌融入作者的生活，此处指与文字建立起丰富的关系。故选C。 答案：A　medicine “药物”；food “食物”；assistance “帮助”；attention “注意力”。根据上文作者患有抑郁症可知，此处表示诗歌成了作者的治疗方式和药物。故选A。 课后课时作业 69 6．A.Still B．Yet C．Then D．Soon 7．A.surprised B．impressed C．warned D．rescued 答案：C　still “仍然”；yet “然而”；then “然后”；soon “很快”。根据语境可知，此处发生的事情发生在作者爱上诗歌之后。故选C。 答案：D　surprise “使惊奇”；impress “使印象深刻”；warn “警告”；rescue “拯救”。根据下文“like the perfect helper”可知，此处指诗歌拯救了作者。故选D。 课后课时作业 70 8．A.hit B．blew C．pushed D．pressed 9．A.fearless B．thankless C．breathless D．defenceless 答案：A　hit “打击”；blow “吹”；push “推”；press “按压”。根据下文“We've lost everything.”可知，此处指“金融危机对我们基金的打击特别严重”。故选A。 答案：C　fearless “无畏的”；thankless “忘恩的”；breathless “喘不过气的”；defenceless “无防御的”。根据上文可知，经济危机使作者的积蓄打了水漂，此处表示作者站在那儿，喘不过气来。故选C。 课后课时作业 71 10．A.by coincidence B．out of nowhere C．in the distance D．by accident 11．A.immediately B．sincerely C．casually D．personally 答案：B　by coincidence “碰巧”；out of nowhere “突然冒出来”；in the distance “在远处”；by accident “偶然”。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示不知怎么地，作者的脑海中突然冒出来一首叫《善良》的诗。故选B。 答案：D　immediately “立即”；sincerely “真诚地”；casually “随意地”；personally “个人地”。根据设空前后的“for me”和“for this exact moment”可推知，作者感觉这首诗就像是为自己量身定做的。故选D。 课后课时作业 72 12．A.reading B．arriving C．walking D．escaping 13．A.homework B．religion C．prayer D．memory 答案：B　read “阅读”；arrive “到达”；walk “散步”；escape “逃走”。根据语境可知，这首诗的出现就如一位最佳的施助者抵达了事故现场。故选B。 答案：C　homework “家庭作业”；religion “宗教”；prayer “祈祷”；memory “记忆”。根据下文“I read it before going to bed, and at breakfast every morning.”可知，这首诗成了作者的祈祷文。故选C。 课后课时作业 73 14．A.mistake B．lesson C．comfort D．tragedy 15．A.for B．with C．off D．into 答案：D　mistake “错误”；lesson “课程”；comfort “安慰”；tragedy “悲剧”。根据下文“but a path to sympathy”和上文所叙述的受经济危机的冲击，作者的钱都打了水漂可知，这首诗歌让作者意识到这件事情并不是悲剧，而是通向同情的道路。故选D。 答案：D　此处表示这首诗歌带作者走进对作者来说真正重要的东西的核心。carry sb/sth into “将某人/某物带至……”。故选D。 课后课时作业 74 Ⅱ　阅读 American poet, one of the finest of rural New England's 20th century pastoral (田园的) poets, Frost was awardedW1 the Pulitzer Prize four times. 课后课时作业 75 Robert Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874.He moved to New England at the age of eleven and became interested inP reading and writing poetry during his high school years in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He was admittedW2 at Dartmouth College in 1892, and later at Harvard, though he never earned a formal degree. In 1894 the New York Independent published Frost's poem My Butterfly, earning him $15. He had also five poems privately printed. While working as a teacher, Frost continued to write and publish his poems in magazines. 课后课时作业 76 In 1912 Frost sold the Derry farm and took his wife and four young children to England. There he published his first collection of poems, A Boy's Will, at the age of 39.It was followed by North of Boston (1914), which gained international reputationW3.The collection contains some of Frost's best­known poems. Frost's poems show deep appreciation of natural world and sensibility about the human desires. His images, woods, stars and houses are usually taken from everyday life. With his down­to­earth (实际的) approachW4 to his subjects, readers found it is easy to follow the poet into deeper truths. Often Frost used the rhythms and vocabulary of ordinary speech or even the free dialogue. 课后课时作业 77 At the time of his death on January 29, 1963, Frost was considered a kind of unofficial poet of the US. Frost described the fields and farms of his surroundings, observing the details of rural life, which hide universal meaning. Although Frost's works were generally praised, the lack of seriousness concerning social and economic problems of the 1930s, and his hatred toward the policies of the New Deal annoyed some more critics. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国田园诗人Robert Frost (罗伯特·弗罗斯特)的人生经历和他在诗歌方面的主要成就。 课后课时作业 78 1．According to the text, which book made Robert Frost world famous? A．My Butterfly. B．A Boy's Will. C．North of Boston. D．New York Independent. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“It was followed by North of Boston (1914), which gained international reputation.”可知，North of Boston(《波士顿以北》)这本书使Robert Frost举世闻名。故选C。 课后课时作业 79 2．Which of the following statements can be known about Robert Frost? A．His poems showed great love to the natural world. B．He got a formal degree in college. C．He made poems more popular in the US. D．He was respected by everyone in the US. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Frost's poems show deep appreciation of natural world and sensibility about the human desires.”可知，他的诗表现了对自然世界的热爱。故选A。 课后课时作业 80 3．Why was Frost considered a kind of unofficial poet of the US? A．Because he often made some more critics angry. B．Because his works did not connect with problems of society and economy. C．Because he liked to write something about everyday life. D．Because all his poems were not accepted by the US government. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Although Frost's works were generally praised, the lack of seriousness concerning social and economic problems of the 1930s, and his hatred toward the policies of the New Deal annoyed some more critics.”可推知，因为他的作品不涉及社会和经济问题，所以被认为是一位非官方诗人。故选B。 课后课时作业 81 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．An American Poet—Robert Frost B．Introduction to Frost's Poems C．Collection of Frost's Poems D．Frost—A Person of Determination 答案：A　标题判断题。根据第一段“American poet, one of the finest of rural New England's 20th century pastoral (田园的) poets, Frost was awarded the Pulitzer Prize four times.(弗罗斯特是美国诗人，20世纪新英格兰最优秀的乡村田园诗人之一，曾四次获得普利策奖。)”和下文对Robert Frost的具体介绍可知，本文主要介绍了美国诗人Robert Frost的生平及代表作。故选A。 课后课时作业 82 W重点单词 1．award v. _____ 2．admit v. _______________ 3．reputation n. ____________ 4．approach n. ____________ P重点短语 become interested in ______________ 授予 允许进入；承认 名声，名誉 态度；方法 对……感兴趣 课后课时作业 83 Ⅲ　七选五 How AI Protects Us We should consider AI not as something competing with us, but as something that can strengthen our abilities. __1__. And it might help keep us safe in the 21st century. Predict infectious (传染性的) diseases The AI in medicine is a system that combines the time and location of each new infectious disease. “These are all factors that determine how the disease will spread，” explains a researcher. __2__. It will allow public health officials to take action early for locals. 课后课时作业 84 Keep hunger from the door Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops. The Mcrops project allows local farmers to take pictures of their plants and use computers that have been trained to spot the signs of the four main diseases that are responsible for damaging crops. __3__． Fight cancer Cancer causes more than 8.8 million deaths worldwide and 14 million people are diagnosed with some form of cancer every year. __4__. Now Google and IBM have been applying their AI technology to this problem. 课后课时作业 85 __5__ The task of balancing power supplies is getting harder. The spread of smart meters—digital energy monitors that automatically record usage—is also providing more data than ever about how and when consumers use energy. A．Record the locations smartly B．Keep the balance of power supplies C．Thus, the farmers can have a good harvest D．The system can also help to predict the disease 课后课时作业 86 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分别从四个方面介绍了人工智能是如何保护我们的。 E．This is because AI has an ability that's far beyond humans F．But now people have no ideas how to deal with the terrible problem G．Yet catching cancers as early as possible can greatly improve a patient's chances of survival 课后课时作业 87 1．E　设空处上文“but as something that can strengthen our abilities”提到我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。E项(这是因为人工智能的能力远远超过人类)承接上文，解释为什么我们应该把人工智能看作是增强我们能力的东西。故选E。 2．D　本段小标题意为“预测传染性疾病”，D项(这个系统还能够帮助预测疾病)与段落主旨相呼应。故选D。 课后课时作业 88 3．C　本段小标题意为“远离饥饿”，根据本段关键句“Researchers develop an automated system aimed at fighting against diseases in crops.”可知，研究人员开发了一个自动化系统，旨在对抗农作物疾病。C项(这样，农民就会有一个好收成)承接上文。故选C。 4．G　本段小标题意为“抗癌”，上文提到每年癌症导致全球超过880万人死亡，1，400万人被诊断出患有某种癌症。G项(但尽早发现癌症可以大大提高患者的生存率)与上文形成转折关系，且与小标题中的cancer相呼应。故选G。 课后课时作业 89 5．B　设空处为本段小标题。本段主要介绍了智能电表能够提供更多消费者如何和何时使用能源的数据，即人工智能通过智能电表的形式帮助人们保持电源供应平衡。B项(保持电力、供应平衡)概括段落大意。故选B。 课后课时作业 90 Ⅳ　语法填空 The history of Chinese poetry dates back almost 2，700 years __1__ the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC). Records are rare before that time __2__ Qinshihuang destroyed all the books that could __3__ (locate). The styles, rules, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually __4__ (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty (618 AD-907 AD). This became the golden age for Chinese poetry. During that time a number of __5__ (product) poets turned out as many as 50，000 classical poems. All aspects of Chinese society __6__ (high) regarded these poets. Seven­character lines became very popular. 课后课时作业 91 Poetry, painting, and calligraphy (书法) are three of these art forms that go particularly well together. Many poets were also excellent__7__ (paint) and calligraphers. A poem would be written for __8__ purpose of matching a painting and then written into the forefront of the painting with traditional Chinese calligraphy. This gives the paintings deeper __9__ (mean) and more elegance. It is common __10__ (find) this type of poetry, calligraphy art hanging in people's homes. 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国诗歌的发展历史。 课后课时作业 92 1．to　考查介词。date back to “追溯到……”，为固定短语。故填to。 2．because/since/as　考查连词。句意：因为秦始皇毁掉了所有可以找到的书，所以在那之前的记录很少。根据句意可知，设空后为原因状语从句，应用because/since/as引导。故填because/since/as。 3．be located　考查动词的语态。动词locate与all the books之间为被动关系，且情态动词could后跟动词原形。故填be located。 4．changed　考查动词的时态。根据设空后的until the time of Tang Dynasty可知，此处是在描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填changed。 课后课时作业 93 5．productive　考查词性转换。应用形容词修饰名词poets。故填productive。 6．highly　考查词性转换。应用副词修饰谓语动词regarded。故填highly。 7．painters　考查词性转换。句意：许多诗人也是优秀的画家和书法家。根据设空后的calligraphers可知，此处指“画家”，名词作表语，表示复数意义，用名词复数。故填painters。 8．the　考查冠词。for the purpose of ... “为了……”，为固定搭配。故填the。 课后课时作业 94 9．meaning　考查词性转换。根据设空前的deeper和设空后的more elegance可知，此处用名词作gives的宾语。故填meaning。 10．to find　考查非谓语动词。It is＋形容词＋to do sth “做某事是……的”，为固定句型，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to find。 课后课时作业 95 R 1．动词不定式作主语时，常常用形式主语it代替，不定式置于句末。 eq \a\vs4\al(常见,句型) eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(It＋be＋形容词＋（for/of sb） to do sth,It＋be＋名词＋to do sth,It takes sb some time to do sth,It's up to sb to do sth)) It is unwise of you to stay up late every day. 你每天熬夜是不明智的。 $$