when, while引导的时间状语从句专项练-2024-2025学年初中英语人教版八年级下册

when, while引导的时间状语从句 【用法】 1. when引导的时间状语从句可以表示一个时间点，也可以表示一个时间段。从句中可以用短暂性动词，也可以用延续性动词。从句中的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。如: It was snowing when we got to the airport.当我们到达机场时, 天正下着雪。 My key dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.当我在公园散步时, 钥匙掉在了地上。 2. while引导的时间状语从句常指一个时间段，从句中的动词必须为延续性动词。while有时还可以表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。如: While he was reading, the phone rang. 当他看书的时候，电话铃响了。 Some students were reading while others were writing. 一些学生在读书, 另一些学生在写字。 【注意】当时间状语从句中的动作与主句中的动作同时发生, 且从句的动作为延续性动词时, when与while都可以使用。 针对性练习 1、 语法梳理 1．观察Grammar Focus中后两行的句子，完成下面的内容。 when和while的用法： (1)如果主句的动作是持续的，而从句的动作是短暂的，此时用 引导时间状语从句，主句用 时态，从句用 时态。 (2)如果主句的动作是短暂性的，从句的动作是持续性的，此时用 引导从句，主句用 时态，从句用 时态。 (3)如果主句和从句的动作在过去的某时刻或某时段同时发生，而且动作都是持续性的，此时用 引导从句，并且主句和从句都用 时态。 看下面的表格，仿照例句，用when和while造句。 Tom Sally do homework leave play chess buy some fruit listen to music arrive at the house play the guitar come 例句：While Tom was doing his homework, Sally left. Tom was doing his homework when Sally left. 2． 3． 4． 二、辨析选词填空 巩固练习：用when和while填空。 5． I arrived at home, my mum was cooking. 6．I arrived at home my mom was cooking. 7．I was watching TV my mother was cooking. 8． I arrived at the airport, the plane was taking off. 9．He fell asleep he was reading. 三、辨析单项选择 10．The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate _______ the guests arrived. A．while B．when C．unless D．after 11．Li Feng ________ always ________ of others when he _________ in the army (军队). A．does, think, is B．was, thinking, was C．is, thinking, was D．did, think, is 12．My mother ________ while I ________ the window. A．cooked; was cleaning B．was cooking; cleaned C．cooked; clean D．was cooking; was cleaning 13．—What were you doing when I called you ? —I __________ to music. A．listened B．am listening C．was listening D．were listening 14．The boy ________ a horse when the teacher ________ in. A．was drawing, came B．draw, came C．drew, was coming D．was drawing, was coming 15．The twins dream to be writers when _______. A．grow up B．pick up C．wake up D．get up 16．Maria was playing football with her classmates ________ I met her yesterday. A．when B．since C．before D．until 17．—How did the accident happen? —The man was reading some messages on his phone ________ walking across the street. A．unless B．after C．while D．before 18．When the teacher ________ in, the students were discussing how to make full preparations for the coming sports meeting. A．comes B．came C．is coming D．was coming 19．Tom is sleeping ________ Jim is helping his mum make dinner. A．until B．while C．before D．after 四、单词语法填空 20．While we (wait) for the bus, a girl (run) up to us. 21．The teacher (talk) to some parents when I (see) her. 22．While he (read), he heard a girl singing in the next room. 23．We were climbing up the mountain when it began to rain （heavy）. 24．My mother (cook) in the kitchen while my father was watering the flowers. 25．Mike’s teacher took a photo of him while he (run) at the sports meeting. 26．Jason (shop) with his friends when it snowed the day before yesterday. 参考答案 1．(1) when 过去进行时 一般过去时 (2) when/while 一般过去时 过去进行时 (3) while 过去进行时 2．While Tom was playing chess, Sally bought some fruit. Tom was playing chess, when Sally bought some fruit. 3．While Tom was listening to music, Sally arrived at the house. Tom was listening to music when Sally arrived at the house. 4．While Tom was playing the guitar, Sally came. Tom was playing the guitar when Sally came. 5．When 6．while/when 7．while 8．When 9．while/when 5．句意：当我到家时，我妈妈在做饭。从句动词arrive是短暂性动词，应用when引导时间状语从句，故填When。 6．句意：我在妈妈做饭的时候到家了。从句动词cook是延续性动词，此处可以用when/while引导时间状语从句，故填while/when。 7．句意：我妈妈在做饭而我在看电视。根据“was watching TV”及“was cooking”可知，主从句表达的是两个对等的动作，此处更侧重两个动作同时发生，应用while引导时间状语从句，故填while。 8．句意：当我到达机场时，飞机正在起飞。从句动作arrive是短暂性动词，应用when引导时间状语从句，故填When。 9．句意：他读书时睡着了。从句表达的动作是延续性的，此处可以用when/while引导时间状语从句，故填while/when。 10．B 句意：客人到达时，饭店经理正在门口等候。考查连词辨析题。A. while当……时候，用于主句和从句是两个同时进行的持续性动作时；B. when当……时候，用于从句动作是一个短暂性动作时；C. unless除非，表条件；D. after在以后。根据句意语境，可知CD不合句意，可排除。arrive到达，是一个短暂性动作，故选B。 11．B 句意：李峰在部队时总是为别人考虑。 考查时态。由语境可知，他在部队是陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时态，was/were doing表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在发生的动作，和always连用表示赞赏。故选B。 12．D 句意：我擦窗户的时候，妈妈在做饭。 考查时态辨析。题干中由while连接的两个句子的时态应当一致，都是过去进行时，两个动作是同时进行的，只有D选项时态一致。故选D。 13．C 句意：——我打电话给你的时候你在干什么？——我正在听音乐。 考查过去进行时结构。根据问句“What were you doing”可知，答语用过去进行时表示过去正在发生的动作，主语I是第一人称，助动词用was，故选C。 14．A 句意：老师进来时，男孩正在画一匹马。 考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用过去进行时，从句一般用一般过去时。故选A。 15．A 句意：这对双胞胎梦想长大后成为作家。 考查动词短语。grow up“长大”；pick up“捡起”；wake up“醒来”；get up“起床”。根据“The twins dream to be writers when ...”可知，此处指他们长大后想成为作家。故选A。 16．A 句意：昨天我遇见玛丽亚时，她正和她的同学踢足球。 考查从属连词辨析。when当……时；since自从；before在……之前；until直到。根据“Maria was playing football with her classmates”和“I met her yesterday.”可知，此处表达昨天我遇见玛丽亚时，她正和她的同学踢足球，所以用when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故选A。 17．C 句意：——事故是怎么发生的？——这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息。 考查从属连词辨析。unless除非；after在……之后；while当……时；before在……之后。根据“The man was reading some messages on his phone...walking across the street.”可知，这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息，用while引导时间状语从句，故选C。 18．B 句意：当老师进来的时候，学生们正在讨论如何为即将到来的运动会做好充分的准备。 考查时态。此句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是过去进行时，此处从句需要用一般过去时，表示过去发生的瞬间性动作，故选B。 19．B 句意：汤姆在睡觉，吉姆在帮妈妈做晚饭。 考查连词词义辨析。until直到；while当……时；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据空前的“Tom is sleeping”及空后的“Jim is helping his mum make dinner”的句意可知，此处主从句动作同时发生，应用while引导时间状语从句。故选B。 20． were waiting ran 句意：我们在等公交车的时候，一个女孩跑向了我们。由语境可知：一个女孩跑向我们的时候，我们正在干什么；所以while后的从句要用进行时态，故填were waiting；ran。 21． was talking saw 句意：当我看见老师时，她正在和一些父母交谈。此处叙述发生过的事，因此用过去时，结合句式Sb was doing sth when sb did sth“当某人做某事，另一个人正在做某事”，第一空是主句用过去进行时，主语the teacher是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，第二空when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，故填was talking ； saw。 22．was reading 句意：当他读书时，他听到隔壁房间有一个女孩在唱歌。while意为“当……的时候，与……同时”，引导时间状语从句。结合句意分析 “While he…(read), he heard a girl singing in the next room.”可知，他读书和听女孩唱歌同时发生。根据“he heard a girl singing in the next room.”可知，时态是一般过去时，事情发生在过去。而过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。所以断定此处用过去进行时。过去进行时结构为：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词。句子主语是he，第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，read的现在分词为reading。故填was reading。 23．heavily 句意：我们正在爬山，突然下起了大雨。空格处修饰动词“rain”，应用副词形式，heavy“重的，（在数量、程度等方面）超出一般的，比一般严重的”，形容词，其副词形式是heavily。故填heavily。 24．was cooking 句意：妈妈在厨房做饭，爸爸在浇花。根据“while my father was watering the flowers”可知，此句是说妈妈在厨房做饭，应用过去进行时，其构成为“was/were doing”，主语“My mother”为第三人称单数，用was构成时态。故填was cooking。 25．was running 句意：迈克在运动会上跑步时，老师给他拍了一张照片。根据“took a photo”可知，句子用过去时。while引导时间状语从句时，表示在某一时刻正在进行的动作。故用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+现在分词，主语是he，be动词选was，run的现在分词为running。故填was running。 26．was shopping 句意：前天下雪时，杰森正在和他的朋友们购物。根据“when it snowed the day before yesterday”可知此处表示当某事发生的时候另一件事情正在进行，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语“Jason”后接be动词was，shop的现在分词形式shopping。故填was shopping。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$