内容正文:
Unit 4 Words and Expressions
adversity n.困境,逆境
adverse adj.不利的 adverse situation不利处境 dilemma n.进退两难的境地
wage n.工资(income/salary/pay/bonus/allowance/payment)
Wage payment工资支付 high/good wages 高薪 low/small wages 低薪
V.开始;发动wage/launch/start/initiate a campaign/war 发起运动/发动战争
bitter (味道)苦的 good medicine is bitter in mouth. 良药苦的
辛酸的;痛苦的bitter tears/ a bitter experience miserable/sorrowful/painful/
充满仇恨的 be bitter about..对..愤愤不平 hateful
(天气)严寒的,刺骨的 bitter/freezing cold
bitterly adv.痛苦地;愤恨地;及其
expedition n. 探险、远征;探险队
Expedite v.加速、促进(行为,过程)
Accelerate boost/advance/promote/facilitate/enhance/stimulate/fuel/improve
Explore/exploration/explorer 探索/探索(n.)/探险者
Explode/explosion 爆炸/爆炸(n.)
endurance n持久力,忍耐力;耐久性
Endure v. 持续存在,忍受 enduring adj 持久的(lasting)
endurable adj. 能忍受的(tolerant)endurant adj.能耐劳的,能忍耐的
endurance training 耐力训练
vigour (n.)精力,力量,活力 energy/strength/vitality
Full of vigour/life=lifeful=red-blooded=vital=alive
turn down 拒绝(某人)
Refuse/decline/reject/object to
qualify v.使具有资格;使能胜任 be qualified for能胜任 be capable of sth/doing有能力...
(un)qualified(adj.)(不)能胜任的;(不)合格的 qualification(n.)资格;学历
enthusiastic adj热情的,热心的
Be enthusiastic about..对..热情 enthusiasm (n.)/enthusiast (n.)/enthusiastically adv.
Lack of/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
With enthusiasm adv.热情地
aboard v. adv/prep 上(船、飞机、公共汽车)
go aboard上船 on board 在船上,飞机上
abroad adv.在国外 at home and abroad 在国内外
Broad adj.宽广的,宽阔的 broaden v.拓宽 broaden one’s horizons 拓宽视野
assign v.(1)分派,布置,分配 assign sb sth/assign sth to sb.分给某人..任务
(2) 指定,指派,委派 Assign sb as/to be 分派,任命某人为..
Assign sb to so sth指定某人做某事
(3)确定(时间、地点、属性等) assign a day for the interview
Assigned adj. Assignment n.作业任务/分配/转让
分配(distribute/allocate/assign/portion)
steward n.乘务员/服务员 waiter/waitress/server/attendant servant n仆人
Stewardess n.女服务员 stewardship n.管理工作/管事人的职位和职责
envy v.羡慕、妒忌 envy sb (doing) sth envy him his fortune羡慕他的好运气
n.妒忌/羡慕/羡慕对象、目标 be the envy of.. 是令..羡慕的对象
I am green with envy。 我都有点嫉妒了(眼红了)
Envious adj./with envy/out of envy/jealousy adj.嫉妒的,羡慕的 jealous n.
crush v.压碎;压坏;捣碎 sth get crushed
n.拥挤的人群 crowd
sink v.沉没,(使)下沉,(使)沉没 sank sunk /sunk (反)float afloat
The ship sank to the bottom of the river.
V.(高度)下降,倒下,坐下The sun was starting to sink.
V.消沉,陷入;降低,减弱 when seeing...,my heart sank.
Be sunk in... 陷入 ..中 be trapped/stuck/caught in...
abandon v.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 desert/leave/portion/discard/give up
Abandoned adj. Abandonment n.
blanket n.毯子;覆盖层;氛围;障碍物;v.覆盖 carpet n.地毯 cushion n.垫子
A wet blanket 扫兴的人,泼冷水的人
belongings n.财产,动产 possessions/property/ownership n.所有权 /
Belong to sb.属于某人 sense of belonging 归属感
miserable adj.痛苦的,令人难受的 sorrowful/painful/
misery n.痛苦,悲惨/suffering miserably adv.悲惨地
voyage v/n.航海;航行 voyager n.航行者 cruise n.航海,航行
Navigation n.航行/航海 导航
Make/go on/take a voyage 航行
cosy n.暖和舒适的;感觉舒服的 cosiness n.
selfish adj.自私的 selfless/unselfish adj.无私的 selfishness n.无私
good-tempered adj. 脾气好的 moody 情绪不好的
Lose one's temper 发脾气 bad-tempered脾气坏的/gloomy
Be in a good mood/be in high spirits 情绪好的 lift one’s spirits 使某人情绪高涨
Be in low spirits情绪低落
genuine v.adj,真正的;真诚的;可信赖的 authentic/sincere/reliable
perseverance n.毅力,任性 persevere/persist v.坚持,孜孜不倦
Persistence n.毅力 with persistence/perseverance 坚韧地,带有毅力的
Endurance n.忍耐力,耐久力
resolve v.决定;决心;解决 n.决心,坚定的信念(resolution)
Resolve/solve/tackle/approach/address/deal with/handle/settle 解决
Decide/decide on/make a decision 决定
resolution v.n.
(1)解决 solution
(2)坚决,坚定;决心 make a resolution to do 下决心做某事
(3)正式决定,决议 pass/adopt/approve a resolution通过一项决议
crew: n. (轮船上面的)全体工作人员; 专业团队; 一群人
staff(全体职工/雇员)
cruel: adj. 残酷的; 残忍的; 冷酷的(inhumane, harsh, merciless)
kind, gentle, merciful
cruelty n.残忍;不公
be cruel to…: 对…残酷/冷酷
be mean to …: 对…刻薄
thorough: adj. 深入的; 彻底的; 细致的 (complete, detailed)
incomplete, superficial, cursory
thoroughly: adv. 非常; 极其; 彻底; 完全
through:通过; 穿过; 因为
though/although:虽然; 但是
thought:n. 思想; 想法
a thorough knowledge of 对…..的透彻了解
in a thorough mess 乱七八糟的
furniture: n. 家具 (U.) (fitting, furnishing, fixtures)
furnish vt.布置家具;提供
furnished adj.配备家具的
a piece of furniture : 一件家具
furnish with 用….布置
furnish sb with sth 为某人提供某物
be furnished with 备有;安装有;陈设有
unfortunately: adv. 不幸地;遗憾地(unluckily)
fortunately: adv. 幸运地(luckily)
fortunate: adj. 幸运的; 侥幸的; 吉利的(lucky)
fortune:n. 运气; 机会; 幸运; 财富(luck)
bark: vi.& n. (狗)吠叫; 吠叫声
rugby: n. 橄榄球运动
play rugby: 打橄榄球
bat: n. 球拍; 蝙蝠 (racket球拍flap拍打)
vi.& vt. 用球板击球; 挥打; 拍打 (batted – batting)
damp: adj. 潮湿的; 湿气重的 (常含令人不舒服的之意)(wet,humid,moist)
dry, arid, parched
recreation: n. 娱乐; 消遣; 游戏(entertainment, amusement, pastime)
recreational /ˌrekriˈeɪʃənl/ adj.消遣的;娱乐的
guidance: n. 指导;引导;导航(direction, leadership, instruction)
guide:n. 向导; 导游; v. 指导; 指引; 带路
under one's guidance: 在…的指导下
=under the guidance of sb
with one's help = with the help of…: 在…的帮助下
the guidance on ….方面的指导
We need your guidance on our performance。
The second group did exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.
nephew: n. 侄子; 外甥
niece: n. 侄女
cousin: n. 堂兄/弟/姐/妹; 表兄/弟/姐/妹
advertising: n. 广告活动; 广告业
advertise v.公布;宣传;做广告
advertisement : n. 广告; 宣传; 榜样
advertiser n.广告商;广告人员
advertise for sb to do sth 登广告招聘某人做某事
be advertised as 被宣传为
an advertisement for sth ……的广告
job advertisement 招聘广告
A local farmer them the dog sounded like one advertised as lost in the local paper.
corporate : adj. 公司的; 法人的; 社团的
corporation n.公司;法人
firm :n. 公司; 商行
company :n. 公司; 陪伴
rough : adj. 汹涌的; 粗糙的; 粗略的; 困难的(coarse, uneven, harsh)
roughly: adv. 大约; 粗暴地
tough :adj. 困难的; 艰难的; 棘手的
toughly: adv. 坚强地; 固执地; 能吃苦耐劳地
navigator : n. 领航员; (飞机、船舶等上的)航行者
navi导航+gate大门+or人
navigation : n. 导航; 领航; 航行
loyal : adj. 忠诚的; 忠实的(faithful, devoted, steadfast)
disloyal, unfaithful, traitorous
royal adj.皇室的
loyalty n.忠诚;忠实
be loyal to…: 对…忠诚
a loyal friend/supporter: 忠实的朋友/支持者
devoted : adj. 忠诚的
motor : n. 发动机; 马达 (engine)
adj. 有引擎的; 机动车的
engine :n. 发动机; 引擎
a motor accident: 机动车事故
candidate : n. 候选人; 应试者 (applicant, nominee, contender)
A candidate for ……的候选人
make fire: 生火
catch fire: 着火(动作)
be on fire: 着火(状态)
put out the fire: 灭火
give off: 放出(光/热/声音/气体等)
give out:发出(光/热/声音/气体等)
give away 泄露;暴露;捐赠
give back 归还;送回
give in 投降;屈服;让步
episode : n. (人生的)一段经历; (小说的)片段; 插曲;
experience. 经历; 体验
n. 经验(U.); 经历; 体验(C.)
commitment : n. 承诺; 保证; 奉献
made a commitment to do…: 承诺/保证做什么
carry out one's commitment 履行某人的承诺
commit : v. 承诺; 保证(某个人、机构等)
vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit to + 名词/代词: 承诺某事
commit oneself to do…: 承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit sb/oneself to doing…: 承诺/保证做什么
committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth…: 承诺/保证(做)什么
motive : n. 动机; 原因; 目的(reason, incentive, drive, purpose, reason)
Confucianism: n. 孔子学说; 儒家(学说)
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