2025年山西省大同市中考一模历史试题(无答案)

深圳市南山实验教育集团2024-2025学年初三年级 第一次学业质量监测 英 语 说明：全卷共8页。考试时间70分钟，满分75分。答题前，请将姓名、学校和准考证号用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写在答题卡指定位置，并粘贴好条形码。考试结束后，请将答题卡收回。 第一部分 选择题 Ⅰ.完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入相应空白处最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分） I was nervous when I stood up to compete for the lead role in the English play. My hands 1 , and I really wanted to go back into my seat and hoped that nobody would notice me. After finishing reading my lines, I rushed back to my 2 . When the teacher called my name, I couldn’t believe it. I was chosen! My heart beat fast and I felt both excited and 3 . I was dying to do my best and practiced every day. I worked too hard. Then I started to have scary dreams about 4 my lines on stage. Finally, I told the teacher to let someone else take my 5 . She smiled and said, “You can do this. I’ll help you.” At rehearsal (排演), everything went 6 until the scene where I slipped on the ice. I went out and started to cry. “I can’t do it. Get someone else!” Suddenly, I heard voices and a gentle hand took mine. I looked up through my tears to see concerned faces. Four girls had come after me. “Please, don’t give up. Our play will be a 7 without you!” they said. “Okay,” I said, giving them a shy smile. I 8 my eyes and went back to the stage. During the show, one of the performers accidentally stepped on her own dress and almost fell. The audience screamed (尖叫) in shock, but I 9 and continued to perform. At the end of the performance, the thunderous applause indicated that it was very successful. Thanks to the 10 teacher and the encouragement of unexpected friends, I overcame my fear and made it. It was an unforgettable experience in my heart. 1. A. lifted B. lowered C. waved D. shook 2. A. classroom B. bedroom C. seat D. desk 3. A. confused B. scared C. relaxed D. ashamed 4. A. forgetting B. practicing C. reading D. writing 5. A. name B. advice C. role D. hand 6. A. quietly B. smoothly C. wildly D. quickly 7. A. success B. fault C. failure D. surprise 8. A. narrowed B. covered C. widened D. dried 9. A. gave up B. stayed calm C. went out D. got lost 10. A. supportive B. knowledgeable C. strict D. generous Ⅱ.阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1.5分） A Everyone knows what bullying is, but many people don’t think that there are different types of bullying. In fact, bullying takes many forms. We usually think about its influence on children, but adult bullying is equally common. In order to stop bullying, we must realize the signs and types of bullying. Here is a poster for you to know more about bullying. ★Hitting, kicking, slapping, spitting, pushing, blocking. ★Stealing or destroying someone’s possessions. ★Making rude hand gestures. ★Name-calling. ★Insults. (辱骂) ★Threats by writing words. ★Telling others not to be friends with someone. ★Embarrassing someone in public. ★Damaging someone’s social relationships. ★Posting/sending hurtful texts, emails or posts, images or videos. ★Making online threats. ★Spreading unkind rumors online. 11. What is the poster about? A. The signs and types of bullying. B. The ways of anti-bullying. C. The causes of bullying. D. The effects of anti-bullying. 12. Which of the following does “sending hurtful emails” belong to? A. Physical bullying. B. Verbal bullying. C. Social bullying. D. Cyber bullying. 13. Verbal bullying includes _____. A. harming someone’s social relationships. B. touching in unwanted or improper ways. C. saying or writing impolite words to or about someone. D. bullying behaviors through computers and smartphones. 14. Which of the following is an example of social bullying? A. John is often laughed at by his roommates for being ugly. B. The boys always refuse Ben to play with them after class. C. Peter’s classmates often make fun of him online. D. A group of children often kick Sam and push him to the corner. 15. What is the purpose of the text? A. To call on people to stop bullying. B. To report a bullying survey. C. To introduce ways to fight against bullying. D. To show a rise in bullying. B In a busy city, it’s hard to find a time to really enjoy life. Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District. It has become a popular place which combines technology and relaxation. There is a humanoid robot (仿真机器人) here. People love it and call it “Iron Egg”. The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence. It can make and change different coffee flavors easily. “I am good at making coffee in four steps.” the robot shares as it begins its work. From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes. The coffee it makes gives people an unforgettable feeling. While people wait for the coffee powder to bloom in hot water, the robot tells them why coffee is bitter at first. This makes people interested in the art of coffee making. In spring, people can relax with a cup of coffee, a good book, and the nice smell of ink and coffee beans. It’s a special feeling, better than usual. Peng Shenman is the manager of the coffee bar. He shared about the creative start of Mars Coffee. Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means “Cold Lake” in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars. Peng said, “I know there are over 1,000 parks in Shenzhen. Some parks have AI coffee machines. But our coffee bar is special because it’s the only one with a humanoid robot.” 16. Where is Mars Coffee located? A. Near the entrance of Minghu Park B. In the centre of Guangming district C. In the Lenghu Town in Qinghai D. In the Gobi Desert 17. What does the underlined-word “cutting-edge” mean? A. Sharp and dangerous. B. Modern and the newest. C. Simple and boring. D. Outdated and unpopular. 18. What can the humanoid robot “Iron Egg” do? A. It can only make one flavor of coffee. B. It can tell people stories while making coffee. C. It can make sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of tastes. D. It can make coffee without grinding coffee beans. 19. Why is the coffee bar named “Mars Coffee”? A. Because the coffee beans are from Mars. B. Because the coffee bar is set up on Mars. C. Because the coffee bar manager likes Mars. D. Because it’s related to a place which looks like Mars. 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. It promotes the sale of coffee in a busy city. B. It describes a coffee shop that combines technology and relaxation. C. It explains the scientific process of coffee - making by a robot. D. It introduces the best and most advanced coffee shop in Shenzhen. C Domingo Morales has many jobs. Environmentalist is one. A farmer in the city is another. He has started a group. It’s called Compost (堆肥) Power. “I’m a compost expert,” Morales said, “I’ve been composting for the past seven years.” Morales runs six composting sites in New York City. That’s his hometown “In New York City, one-third of our waste is actually food waste,” he says. That garbage is put into landfills (垃圾填埋场). But it could be composted. “Composting is taking our food waste and turning it into food for the soil,” Morales explains. Plants use nutrients to grow. They take these nutrients from the soil. Banana peels and apple cores can be composted. So can many-other-unnecessary foods. But never add meat, dairy, cheese, fats or oils, pet waste, or chemically treated wood. These items either cause unpleasant smells or could contain harmful diseases or chemicals. The food cycle has to do with how food is produced, sold, and eaten. When food ends up in landfills, energy and nutrients are wasted. But with composting, the food cycle can be more sustainable (可持续的). Composting breaks down uneaten food. The nutrients in the compost help the soil. The soil is used to grow new fruits and vegetables. For Morales, composting is “a way to complete the cycle.” When people think of New York City, they might think of tall buildings and busy streets. But there are also rooftop farms and community gardens. And there are Morales’s composting sites. His task is to start even more of them. “We’re able to create a nice ecosystem right here,” he says. “Even on top of concrete, we can create soil.” 21. Why did Domingo Morales start “Compost Power” in New York City? A. Because New York City is his hometown. B. Because it is easier to find composting sites in New York City. C. Because New York City produces a large amount of food waste. D. Because climate in New York City is ideal for composting. 22. According to paragraph 3, which of the following food can be used for composting? a. Banana peels and apple cores b. Milk and cheese waste c. Vegetables waste d. Chicken and beef waste A. ab B. cd C.ac D.bd 23. According to Morales’s idea, which of the following food cycles is more sustainable? A. B. C. D. 24. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Morales wants to replace all tall buildings in New York City with rooftop farms. B. Morales believes composting can help create a great ecosystem in New York City. C. Morales plans to stop all food waste from being sent to landfills in New York City. D. Morales thinks community gardens are more important than composting sites. 25. What is the best title of the passage? A. New York city’s tall buildings and busy streets B. Composting changes food waste C. How to complete the food cycle D. Composting for a sustainable New York city 第二节 阅读下面短文，并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。（共5小题，每小题2分） A. So moments of desire (愿望) are the perfect time to put a plan in place. B. One explanation is that humans are naturally social beings. C. They include outside motivation (有动力的) and the chances to learn from others. D. However, sometimes there are also disadvantages about the goal-setting. E. A new start allows us to separate our past goals from future goals. F. Research shows that making these goals leads to better performance. People like to set goals when the New Year comes. So why are we willing to set goals collectively (集体地) and around the same time every year? 2 “Belonging to a community is an important human need.” explains Selena Bartlett, a scientist at the Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia. There are advantages of this kind of goal setting. 27 Research shows that couples who go on a diet together are more likely to lose weight than those who do so alone. What’s more, making changes at the same time as others also means you have others to share your success with. 28 For example, when you are depending on parents to keep you motivated and they decide to stop going to the gym, you might want to stay home as well. It’s also common for collective goal setters to compare their results with others’ and become discouraged if one person is succeeding while they are not. If you want to set a goal with others, you’d better know the best time to set it. No matter what starts your motivation, it’s very important to take action as soon as you feel the desire. You may only have a short window of chance to make decisions about what you want to do before something gets in the way. 29 A good method of successful goal setting is breaking down bigger goals into smaller, more specific ones. 30 So instead of saying “I am going to lose 10 pounds a month”, set a goal to reduce your daily calorie intake and go to the gym for 30 minutes a day. 第三节 信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1.5分） 下面的材料A-F是对深圳鲲鹏径非常热门的6段的介绍。请根据Lucy，Kate，Anna，Tom和Mike五位同学的爱好和需求，选出他们最感兴趣的徒步路线。 A. Kunpeng Trail -Section 1 Section 1 starts from the Fenghuang Mountain. With an overall moderate (中等的) difficulty, it is suitable for beginners. There are also many rocks of different shapes along the way. It is perfect for photography. B. Kunpeng Trail -Section 2 Section 2 is in Bao’an District. This route (路线) connects several green spaces and innovation parks (创新园区). It also passes through Jiuwei Wetland Park, which has a bird-watching hut. It is suitable for cycling in this section. C. Kunpeng Trail -Section 6 Section 6 is part of the Shenzhen Dasha River Greenway. This section is flat and easy to walk, making it suitable for people of all ages to hike. Hikers can also enjoy beautiful scenery of some famous universities such as the Shenzhen University. D. Kunpeng Trail -Section 7 Section 7 stretches from Tanglang Mountain to Meilin Mountain. The first half of the section is surrounded by lychee trees. Besides, the Tanglang Mountain Greenway offers close-up views of wild monkeys. E. Kunpeng Trail -Section 11 Section 11 a highly challenging hiking route. It traverses (穿越) the Wutong Mountain, the highest peak in Shenzhen. Hikers can enjoy breathtaking views of the mountains. It is also a good place to see the beauty of sunrise and sunset. F. Kunpeng Trail -Section 19 Section 19 is is considered as one of China’s eight most beautiful coastlines. The trail is of great difficulty, but the scenery is amazing. Along the way, you’ll see great landscapes, and blue skies, with waves crashing against the rocks. 31. Lucy is interested in ecosystem She wants enjoy the view along the trail on a bike. 32. Kate wants to take photos of rocks while hiking, but she has little experience in hiking. 33. Anna is a fan of wild animals. She also wants to hike through an area filled with fruit trees. 34.Tom is an experienced hiker and he wants to choose a challenging route with coastal views. 35. Mike hopes to take a walk with his grandparents while visiting some famous universities 第二部分 非选择题 Ⅲ.语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1分） “Are you taking me back to China?” Escape from the British Museum 36 (become) popular on social media over the past two years. The short video series tells the story of a Chinese jade teapot (玉壶) that has turned into a young lady. After getting out of the British Museum, she returns to China 37 the help of a Chinese reporter. Before the series came out, there were some reports of relics (文物) which 38 (steal) from the British Museum in London. The reports made people think about the many Chinese relics that are still in museums around the world. With the increasing attention on cultural relics, the series has received 39 (million) of likes on Douyin, a Chinese short video platform. Many internet users were moved by the hope 40 (show) in the series for the relics to “return home”. They shared their ideas online. For example, A Bilibili user expressed his 41 (decide) to work on cultural heritage protection after watching the videos. “I 42 (strong) believe that cultural relics lost abroad will certainly return to our country.” However, Zhang Min, 43 university student, pointed out that it was more important to find ways to bring the cultural relics back instead of just 44 (make) people feel angry or sad when they see the relics. We can’t just stop here and be emotional,” said Zhang. “Instead, we need to clearly tell the history and stories behind each relic and explore 45 to get them back right now.” Ⅳ.书面表达（共15分） 假设你是李华，你的好朋友Simon发来邮件说他即将参加4月底由学校举办的5公里长跑比赛，但由于他是第一次参赛，深感焦虑，不知道这一个月该如何准备。请你给他回复一封邮件，安慰他，分享一些有用的建议，并给他支持与祝福。 要求：1.词数为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4.信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：5-kilometer race Dear Simon, I’m glad to receive your email. ___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 南实集团2024～2025 学年度第二学期 初三一模试卷答案 I.完形填空（10分，每题1分） 1-5 DCBAC 6-10 BCDBA 阅读答案 11-15 ADCBA 16-20 ABCDB 21-25 CCABD 第二节 短文填空（每题2分） 26-30 BCDAF 第三节 匹配阅读（每题1.5分） 31-35 BADFC Ⅲ.语法填空（10分，每题1分） 36. has become 37. with 38. were stolen/ had been stolen 39. millions 40. shown/ showed 41. decision 42. strongly 43. a 44. making 45. how Ⅳ.书面表达（15分） Dear Simon, I'm glad to receive your email. I feel sorry because you’re worried about the coming 5-kilometer race. Don’t be afraid! It’s very normal to be nervous before your first race. If you prepare well, you will do a good job! Here are some tips to help you. First, you need to practice running often. Begin with short distances and then make them longer little by little. This can make you stronger and more confident. Second, eat healthy food and sleep well. Fruits and vegetables are good for you. Enough sleep can make you full of energy and help you focus. Also, don’t forget to do some warm-up exercises before running and cool down after that. This can keep you from getting hurt. Simon, I believe you can make it! Be positive. I'm sure you will do really well in the race. Good luck! I’m looking forward to hearing your good news. Yours Li Hua 1.评分原则： A.采用整体印象评分法。评分时，先根据文章内容要点表达的完整性，初步确定其所属档次，然后在该档次内选择合理的分数。 B.注重内容表达。评分是要重点看所传达的信息是否有效，能否完成题目要求。 C.注重语言正确性、连贯性和得体性。语言正确性是基础，连贯性和得体性是更高的要求。 D. 鼓励考生充分发挥。 E．同类错误不重复扣分。 2.评分档次和要求： 第一档：15-13分，语言正确无误，表达得体，行文流畅，要点齐全。 第二档：12-10分，内容较完整，表达流畅，意思较连贯，但有少量错误。 第三档：9-7分，意思表达尚清楚，但有一些错误。 第四档：6-4分，部分意思表达尚清楚，但有较多错误。 第五档：3-0分，能写出与文章相关的词，但不能表达完整的意思。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$