Unit 2 Section Ⅱ（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit and Reading—Language Points [对应学生用书P38] 难词注解 教材原文 课文翻译 ①escape an earthquake在地震中幸存下来 ②hit vt.& vi.打；袭击(hit-hit-hit-hitting)n.打击 ③injury n．伤害 injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤员 ④disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败 ⑤at large整个，全部 ⑥reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 ⑦hold on to 抓住 ⑧at the same time 同时 ⑨in case以防；万一(后接句子) in case of以防；万一(后接短语) ⑩crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃vt.& vi.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 ⑪fall to the ground 倒在地上 ⑫the moment那时；此刻(可作连词使用) ⑬make one's escape 设法逃跑 ⑭signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志　n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 ⑮exit n．出口，通道；离开 vt. & vi.出去，离去；退场；退出 entrance n．入口 the entrance to...……的入口 ⑯in an orderly line 排成有序的队 ⑰stair n．楼梯；梯级 ⑱roll call点名 ⑲confirm vt.证实，确信；使确信；批准 ⑳safe and sound安然无恙的 hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 tsunami n．海啸 odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的，不成对的 occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 It occurred to sb.that...某人突然想到…… an approaching tsunami 一场即将到来的海啸 an approaching exam 一场即将到来的考试 keep one's head (在困境中)保持冷静 warn sb. of...警告某人…… to one's relief令某人宽慰的是 much to one's relief 十分令某人宽慰的是 be cleared of 把……清理走 Pupils' lives spared during Falmont earthquake By Raymond Tran 18 March FALMONT—On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake①that hit②the county at 2：27 p．m. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries③， despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster④area at large⑤. Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake. Her students' reaction⑥ was quick and correct—they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to⑦the legs of the desks. At the same time⑧， Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case⑨it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. There were loud crashes⑩of glass breaking and things falling to the ground⑪，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly. 本句是一个复合句，when引导时间状语从句。 本句是一个复合句，in case引导目的状语从句。 The moment⑫ the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape⑬.She signalled⑭to her students to exit⑮the classroom in an orderly line⑯covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole class went down the stairs⑰and rushed to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too. After a roll call⑱confirmed⑲that all were safe and sound⑳，they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other. 本句是一个复合句，The moment引导时间状语从句。 本句是一个复合句，After引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。 “We practise earthquake safety procedurestwice a year，”said Miss Brown，“so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.” Girl saves 100 from tsunami By Jessie Cable 21 December NEWDALE—On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead．Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis. 句中运用了过去分词短语作定语。 句中运用了不定式作定语。 The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd.“The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer，”she later explained.“It wasn't calm and it wasn't going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.”Sabrina had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 本句是一个复合句，句中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。 Sabrina was frightened，but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the danger, though at first they just thought she was joking. However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief， the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly cleared of people，just before the huge waves crashed into the coast． though引导让步状语从句。 before引导时间状语从句。 弗尔蒙特大地震 中学生幸免于难 作者：雷蒙德•特兰 3月18日 弗尔蒙特——弗尔蒙特小学的476名学生和36名教师于3月17日下午2点27分发生在该县的一场地震中幸免。尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 弗尔蒙特小学的校长艾丽斯·布朗在教学时，地板开始摇晃。她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。同时，布朗小姐迅速打开教室门，以防教室门在晃动时损坏而无法打开。尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。　　晃动一停，布朗小姐就感觉到这是他们逃跑的最佳时机。她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。不到一分钟二十秒，全班同学都下了楼梯，冲到操场上。很快其他班的同学也来了。点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 “我们每年都进行两次地震安全演习，”布朗小姐说，“所以孩子们在地震中足够冷静，能保护自己。” 女孩从海啸中拯救100人 作者：杰西·凯布尔 12月21日 纽代尔——12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面，造成数千人死亡。金岸海滩是当地唯一在灾难中幸存的海滩，没有任何生命损失。一个10岁的女孩，萨布丽娜·安德龙，用她对海啸的知识帮助了大约100人逃离了危险。 这一天和金岸海滩上的任何一天一样。人们都在散步，跑步，或者只是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海边空气和轻柔的风拂过他们的头发。萨布丽娜是这些快乐的游客中的一个，直到她注意到了一些奇怪的现象。“水就像啤酒顶上的气泡，”她后来解释道。“它不平静，也不是进进出出，它只是不停地涌进来。”萨布丽娜刚刚在一堂地理课上了解海啸。她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 萨布丽娜很害怕，但她很快就保持了清醒的头脑。她警告她的父母有危险，虽然刚开始他们只是觉得她在开玩笑。然而，萨布丽娜确定一场可怕的灾难即将来临，她不停地让她的父母和一名负责安全的官员谈一谈。使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。就在巨浪冲击海岸之前，海滩上的人很快就被疏散了。 1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 2．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 3．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n. 信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 4．confirm vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准 5．hug vt. 拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 6．orderly adj. 有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 7．relief n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除； 救济 8．bubble n. 泡沫，泡，气泡 9．procedure n. 程序，步骤，手续 10．disaster n. 灾难，灾害；彻底失败 1．injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n. 伤害；损伤(pl.injuries)→injured adj. 受伤的 2．reaction n. 反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi. 回应 3．confirm vt. 证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n. 证实，证明 4．destructive adj. 引起破坏 (或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destructively adv. 破坏地；狼狈地→destruction n．破坏，毁灭；摧毁 5．inform vt. 了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息 1．at large整个，全部 2．roll call 点名 3．safe and sound 安然无恙的 4．occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 5．keep one's head(在困境中)保持冷静 6．kind of稍微，有几分，有点儿 7．run out of 用完，耗尽 8．hold on to 保住，守住；保存，保留；坚持 1．when用作并列连词 Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake. 地板开始摇晃时，弗尔蒙特小学的校长艾丽斯·布朗正在上课。 2．The moment引导的时间状语从句 The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 晃动一停，布朗小姐就感觉到这是他们逃跑的最佳时机。 1．injure vt. 伤害，使受伤；损害 [教材P16]　Only 5 students suffered slight injuries，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 尽管目前整个灾区总体的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 (1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured 受伤的人；伤员 get injured受伤 (2)injury n．(对躯体的)伤害，损伤；(对感情的)伤害，挫伤 do an injury to sb.＝do sb.an injury伤害某人(1)About twenty minutes later，the majority of the injured came back to life. 大约20分钟后，大多数伤员苏醒了过来。 (2)A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison. 战争受伤使他的左手失去功能，他经常被关在监狱里。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Although seriously injured(injure), he managed to struggle to his feet and moved slowly ahead. ②The injured (injure) were sent to hospital shortly after the accident. ③The machine makes people get injured (injure) easily, so it requires a skilled operator. ④What's your attitude to the fact that he did an injury(injure) to his friends? 句式改写 ⑤The people who were injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once. → The injured people were sent to the nearest hospital at once.(用非谓语动词改写) 2．in case 以防万一；如果，假设 [教材P16]　At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 与此同时，布朗小姐迅速打开教室的门，以防它在晃动中损坏而无法打开。 in case of如果发生；假设；万一…… in any case无论如何 in no case决不；在任何情况下都不(放在句首时，用部分倒装) in that/this case假使那样/这样的话 as is often the case (with ...) 对……来说是常有的事(1)I took my driving license with me on holiday，in case I wanted to hire a car. 度假时我随身带了驾照，以防我想要租车。 (2)In no case shall I forget the expression on my father's face when I left home for university. 我决不会忘记我离开家去大学时我父亲脸上的表情。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget. ②Many people are quite at a loss as to what to do in case of fire. ③In any case, you and your teammates must have confidence in yourselves. 完成句子 ④In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. 假如是那样，请尽快亲自(向对方)说出并表示歉意。 ⑤As is often the case, he is ready to help others. 他乐于助人，这是常有的事情。 [语境串记]　Please take an umbrella when you climb the mountain in case it rains. What's more, let us know in case of emergency. 当你爬山时请带把伞，以防下雨。更重要的是，如果遇到紧急情况请让我们知道。 3．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 [教材P16]　After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other. 点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事 confirm sb.... as... 确保某人成为…… confirm that...证实…… confirm sb.in the belief that...使某人坚信…… It is/has been confirmed that...已经确定……(1)We cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat. 我们无法证实来自克隆动物的食品对于人类来说是绝对安全可食用的。 (2)This latest information confirms me in the belief that he is to blame. 这一则最新消息使我坚信他该受到责备。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①His new role could confirm him as one of our leading actors. 他的新角色会确保他跻身我们的一流演员之列。 ②The latest evidence confirmed me in his honesty． 最新的证据让我坚信他是诚实的。 ③It has been confirmed that the meeting will be held next week. 已确定会议将在下周举行。 4．occur vi. 发生，出现；存在于 [教材P17]　It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的前兆。 (1)occur vi.(occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现 sth. occur(s) to sb. 某人突然想到；想起 It occurs to sb. that.../to do...某人突然想到…… (2)occurrence n．出现；发生，事件 (3)表示“某人突然想到……”还常用下列句型： It strikes sb. that... It hits sb. that... [名师点津]　(1)occur的过去式为occurred，过去分词为occurred，现在分词为occurring。 (2)occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。 (1)It suddenly occurred to her that she had left her key in the office. 她突然想起她把钥匙忘在办公室里了。 (2)We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. 我们是进化的产物，并且不仅仅是发生在数十亿年前的进化。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①This kind of disease occurred(occur)mainly in the countryside in the past. ②It didn't occur to him that she would refuse his invitation. 一句多译 他突然想起来要给年迈的父母一些钱。 ③It occurred to him to give some money to his old parents． ④It occurred to him that he should give some money to his old parents． 5．keep one's head(在困境中)保持冷静 [教材P17]　Sabrina was frightened，but she soon kept her head． 萨布丽娜很害怕，但她很快冷静下来。 use one's head动脑筋 hold one's head high昂首；趾高气扬 shake one's head摇头 head for朝着……方向走(1)You'd better keep your head while facing a dangerous situation. 面对危险情况时，你最好保持冷静。 (2)Use your head, and you will find a good way to get rid of it. 动动脑筋，你会找出一个摆脱它的好办法。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①Seeing the angry official，the old man shook his head slowly. 看到这个愤怒的官员，老人慢慢地摇了摇头。 ②Having stepped off the stairs，he headed for the small house. 他下了楼梯，就朝那座小房子走去。 ③Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible in the world. 动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。 6．relief n．宽慰，轻松；解脱；减轻，消除；救济 [教材P17]　To her great relief, the officer immediately realized the coming danger. 使她大为宽慰的是，这位官员立刻意识到了即将到来的危险。 to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是 with relief欣慰地；如释重负地 It's a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的 relieve vt.减轻；解除；救援 relieve sb. of ...减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来 relieved adj.感到宽慰的(1)To her relief，her younger brother recovered quickly after operation. 让她感到欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后恢复得很快。 (2)Take the medicine, and you will be relieved of your pain. 吃了这些药，你就会减轻痛苦的。 [即学即用]　单句语法填空 ①It is a great relief (relieve) to have rain after a long time of drought. ②The new secretary will contribute to relieving us of some of the paperwork. ③With his problem settled, he sank back into his comfortable chair with relief. 一句多译 让他感到宽慰的是，孩子们都找到了好的工作。 ④To his relief, his children all found a good job. (relief) ⑤His children all found a good job, which made him relieved. (relieved) 7．inform vt. 通知；了解，熟悉 [教材P19]　Remember to inform yourself of what is going on. 记得让自己了解事态的进展。 (1)inform vt.通知；告知 inform sb.of/about sth.告知某人某事 inform sb.that...通知某人…… keep sb.informed of随时告知某人…… (2)information n．信息(1)Please inform us of your decision as soon as possible. 请尽快告知我们你的决定。 (2)He informed her that he was thinking of entering a medical college. 他告诉她他想进医学院。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①We want to inform you that you shouldn't mention your former experiences. 我们想告诉你，你不应该提以前的经历。 ②We should inform the person of the long process as soon as possible. 我们应该尽快通知那个人这个漫长的过程。 一句多译 有任何进展我们都会随时通知你。 ③We will inform you of any development． ④We will keep you informed of any development． 8．[教材P16]　Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake. 地板开始摇晃时，艾丽斯·布朗，弗尔蒙特小学的校长，正在上课。 [句式解构]　本句中用了“be doing...when...”这一固定句式，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。句中的when是并列连词，意为“就在那时”，相当于and then或and at the same time。 when作并列连词时常用于以下句型中： (1)be doing...when...正在做……这时…… (2)be about to do...when...＝be on the point of doing...when.../be going to do...when...正要做……这时…… (3)had hardly done...when...刚做完……这时……(1)Newton was thinking about the question when an apple fell to the ground. 牛顿正在思考着这个问题，这时(突然)一个苹果落到地上。 (2)He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要离开，这时有人敲门。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①The firefighters were rescuing the residents when it began to rain. 消防队员正在救那些居民，这时开始下雨了。 ②The man was about to leave/was on the point of leaving when someone rushed in. 这个人正打算离开，这时有人冲了进来。 ③She had just finished her homework when her mom asked her to play the piano. 她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她弹琴。 句型转换 ④The boy was walking in the street and at that time he was attracted by a bird. ＝The boy was walking in the street when he was attracted by a bird． 9．[教材P16]　The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 摇晃刚一停止，布朗小姐就觉察到这是全班学生逃离的最佳时刻。 [句式解构]　本句中用了the moment引导的时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。 表示“一……就……”的表达方式有： (1)由as soon as，immediately，instantly，directly，the moment/minute/second/instant 等引导的时间状语从句。 (2)hardly...when... 和no sooner...than ...句型，其中主句用过去完成时，when和than引导的从句用一般过去时。当hardly, no sooner置于句首时，主句 需用部分倒装，即将助动词、系动词、情态动词提到主语之前。 (3)on/upon＋n./v.-ing 形式。 (1)The moment/instant/minute/second I went in，Kate let out a cry of surprise. 我一进去，凯特就惊讶地叫了一声。 (2)Immediately/Instantly/Directly the boy saw his mother, he ran away. 小男孩一看见他妈妈就跑开了。 [即学即用]　完成句子 ①The moment I met him, he tried to borrow money from me. 我一遇到他，他就企图向我借钱。 ②Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down. 我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来。 ③Upon returning from Beijing，he began his research work. 一从北京回来，他就开始了他的研究工作。 1．A number of bombs have exploded, seriously injuring(injure) at least five people. 2．It occurred (occur) to me that I could buy my mother a new coat on her birthday. 3．Mr.Johnson insisted that the problem (should)be discussed (discuss) at the meeting. 4．We are kept informed (inform) of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV. 5．It has been confirmed that the singer will give a performance next week. 1．The moment he graduated from college, he applied to be sent to the northwest of China. 他一大学毕业，就申请被派往中国西北部地区。 2．I was watching the football match when he came in. 当他走进来的时候我正在看足球赛。 3．I wake up every morning, feeling energetic and ready to start a new day． 我每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛，准备开始新的一天。 4．It occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs. 我突然想起我把伞忘在楼上了。 5．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance． 医生把电话号码告诉病人以防他们需要医疗帮助。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$