Unit 1 Nature in the balance 单元知识回扣（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（译林版2020）

单元知识回扣 [对应学生用书P32] 1．species n．(pl. species) 种，物种 2．ecosystem n. 生态系统 3．shelter n. 居所；遮蔽；遮蔽物；庇护处 vt. 保护，掩蔽 vi. 躲避 4．variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 5．beneath prep. 在……下面，在……下方；配不上 6．mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的 7．living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生；生活方式 8．extinction n. 灭绝，绝种 9．nutrient n. 营养素，营养物 10．damage vt. & n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 11．senior adj.级别高的；年老的；高级水平的 12．protest vi. 反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n. 抗议，反对 13．profit n. 利润，收益；好处 vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处 14．process n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程vt.加工，处理 15．policy n. 政策，方针；原则 16．branch n. (政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 17．recycle vt. 回收利用，再利用 18． official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 19．poverty n. 贫穷，贫困；贫乏 20．further adj. 更多的，更进一步的 adv. 较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She likes walking on the beach，because she enjoys feeling the warm sand beneath (在……下面) her feet. 2．Wherever the band went，masses(大量)of fans would welcome them at the airport. 3．Many vegetables are rich in vitamin, fiber and other nutrients (营养物). 4．There are many species in danger of extinction (灭绝). 5．He is living (活的) proof that not all engineers are boring. 6．Our government is trying its best to lift people out of poverty (贫穷). 7．It's important for us to recycle(回收利用)those recyclable materials. 8．Fat and salt are required to process (加工)the food that we eat. 9．Many local people believe the development will profit (获益) them. 10．This company has many branches(分支机构)in the world. 1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2．long adj.长的，长时间的→length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 3．survive vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．残存物；幸存事物→survivor n．幸存者；生还者 4．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失；失踪 5．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的 6．entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的 7．defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt.保护；保卫 8．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economy n. 经济，经济学 9．poison n．毒物，毒药；vt.污染；毒死，毒害→poisonous adj.有毒的 10．consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的→consequently adv.因此，所以 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials is harmful (harm) to nature. 2．After the traffic accident，no one survived (survive)except a girl who was badly injured. 3．The islands have seen the disappearance (disappear) of the Hawaiian kingdom. 4．The length(long) of the time needed has a close association with the amount of work. 5．My hometown brings us beautiful natural scenery and rich agricultural (agriculture)produce. 6．They are economical(economy) and safe to use on all of furniture. 7．Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with poisonous (poison) air. 8．The twins were brought up in entirely (entire)different environments. 1．millions of数百万的 2．in turn相应地，转而 3．break down使分解(为)，使变化(成) 4．breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力 5．a variety of各种各样的 6．survive on依靠……生存下来 7．due to由于，因为 8．get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 9．in defence of为……做解释或辩护 10．give rise to使发生(或存在 ) 11．search for寻找 12．make profits获得利益 13．tend to倾向于 14．be senior to 比……年长 15．as a consequence of 结果 Ⅲ.用以上短语的适当形式填空 1．The bus driver asked the passengers to get on the bus in turn． 2．It was due to lack of money that their marriage broke up. 3．To our disappointment，our car broke down on the way and we had to walk to our destination. 4．A variety of solutions have been provided for us to solve the problem.We can choose one to start with. 5．I don't know how you all manage to survive on your small salary. 6．Though Jack is younger than Ann，he is senior to her. 7．We are in the process of selling our house. 8．We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages before we decide to get rid of the old customs. 9．My father is coughing frequently as a consequence of smoking these days. 10．We should come forward in defence of peace. 1．现在分词作状语 The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru ... 亚马孙雨林横跨南美大陆的八个国家，包括巴西和秘鲁…… 2．介词＋which引导非限制性定语从句 The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马孙热带雨林名字来源于亚马孙河，其长度将近6 400 千米——比长江长约100千米。 3．“So＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”结构构成倒装 As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals． 随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 4．even though引导让步状语从句 We've been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs． 我们一直在采取各种措施，包括使用新技术，以减少生产过程中的污染，尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。 Ⅳ.完成句子 1．Her husband died ten years ago，leaving her with three children to look after. 她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个需要照顾的孩子。 2．We will never forget the day on which the earthquake happened in Wenchuan. 我们将永远不会忘记汶川发生地震的日子。 3．If one tree could survive here, so could millions of trees, they thought. 他们想，如果一棵树能在这里存活，那无数棵树都能在这里存活。 4．I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation. 我喜欢听家人用他们的语言轻声交谈，尽管我不能参与太多的谈话。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$