Module 3 Unit 2 课件+教案 2024-2025学年外研版八年级英语下册

1.“there has/have been”的用法     该结构是there be句型的现在完成时态结构，用has还是have，遵循"就近原则"，即谓语动词的数要由其后的主语的单复数形式来定。   There hasn’t been any life on other planets so far.   There have been many changes in my hometown these years. 注意辨析： there be句型不与have 连用，这里的have是实义动词，而there have/has been句型中的have是助动词，无实际意义。 2.on the earth与on earth的用法辨析： ①on the earth意为“在地球上”。如：We live on the earth. 我们生活在地球上。 ②on earth意为“究竟，到底；世界上；天底下”。如： What on earth are you crying for? 你究竟哭什么？// Why on earth did you tell a lie? All men on earth are human brothers. 四海之内皆兄弟。 3.hundreds of millions of =billions of 意为“数十亿；数以十亿计”。 This palace is hundreds of years old. There are millions of people in this city. 【拓展】数量的表达： ①表示确数：“基数词+计数单位(hundred, thousand, million, billion)+名词复数”，意为“几百/千/百万/十亿……”。 There are eight hundred students in our school.  ②表示概数：“计数单位的复数(hundreds, thousands, millions, billions)+of+名词复数”，意为“数百/千/百万/十亿……或成百上千/成千上万/成百万上千万/成十亿上百亿……”。 There are billions of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them. 4.基数词+other+可数名词复数 "再/又……"，"基数词+other/more+可数名词复数"相当于"another+基数词+可数名词复数"。 I have two other/more questions to ask you. = I have another two questions to ask you.   none “没有一人/一个； 一点儿也没有”，指人/物，all的全部否定 1. “none of+可数名词复数/人称代词复数”作主语，谓语动词单复数即可 2. “none of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式； 3. 强调数量，回答“how many/how much”的提问； no one “没有人”，指人，=nobody 1. 后不跟of短语，作主语，谓语动词用单数形式； 2. 不强调数量，回答who的提问； 5. none 与no one 的区别 None of the students has/have been abroad.  —How many students are there in the classroom?－None —Who is in the classroom? —No one. none表示“三者或者三者以上都不” none of... neither表示“两者都不” neither...nor... either表示“两者之一” either...or... both表示“两者都” both...and... all表示“三者或三者以上都” 典例1 (鄂州中考)—I tried several ways to work out the math problem, but ___of them worked. —Never give up. I believe you'll make it. A. all B. each C. none D. neither 6.environment的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“环境”，常用于protect the environment，意为“保护环境”。 All of us should protect the environment. 我们所有人都应该保护环境。 （2）其形容词为environmental,意为“生态环境的；有关环境的”。 environmental protection/pollution environmental friendly As we all know,environmental protection is a hot topic. 8.含有think 的主从复合句，即“主语+think+宾语从句”。当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose(猜测，认为)等，而主句的主语又是第一人称时，后面宾语从句的定词常要前移，即否定主句的谓语动词。我们称这类现象为“否定转移（前移）”。如： I don’t think Tom is right. I think chicken can swim.（变否定句）→I don’t think chicken can swim. I think it’s going to rain this afternoon.→I don’t think it’s going to rain this afternoon. 7.light的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“光（线）；光亮”；作为可数名词，意为“灯”。 There is some light in the cave. There are eight lights in our classroom. （2）作为动词，意为“照亮；点亮”。 light-lit-lit We can light a candle in the room. （3）作为形容词，意为“轻的；（颜色）浅的等”。 People should wear light clothes in summer. light colors/music lightning n.闪电 lighter n.打火机 9.It’s+adj.+(of/for)sb. to do sth. 意为“(某人)做某事是……的”。It 是形式主语，不定式结构是真正主语 ①当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，如kind, nice, rude, clever, silly, foolish，brave,generous等，用of It’s very kind of you to say so. It’s clever of you to answer the question so quickly. ②当形容词是修饰物的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous,interesting,possible等，用for It is difficult for me to read these words.  10.impossible adj.“不可能的”，是possible加上否定前缀im-构成的 impossible的主语不能是人，而只能是it或事情。   It’s impossible for fish to walk. It’s impossible for me to do so. 11.imagine v.“想象，设想”--imagination n.想象，想象力--imaginary想象的，虚构的 imagine sth. 意为“想象某事” imagine doing sth. 意为“想象做某事”； imagine+that/what… 意为“想象……”。 Can you imagine life in the 22nd century?  Little Tom always imagines becoming a scientist. Can you imagine what life will be like in the 50 years’ time?  12.question与problem的用法辨析： ①question指说话者由于对某事感到疑惑不解而提出的需要解答的问题，它常与动词ask或answer连用。 May I ask you some questions? ②problem指说话者认为难以解决的问题，它与动词solve/settle/deal with/work out搭配。 The problem is difficult to be solved. 13.alone与lonely的用法辨析： ①alone是形容词，意为“独自的，单独的”，充当表语；还可作副词，意为“单独地， 独自地”，表示客观上一个人，无感情色彩，充当状语。 She was alone in that dark room. ②lonely是形容词，意为“孤独的；寂寞的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为“荒凉；偏僻”，多修饰表示地点的名词。如： He lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. There is a lonely house in the country. 14.communicate with sb. 意为“和某人交流/交谈；和某人联系”。 My parents often communicate with me. 我父母常常和我交流。 The deaf and mute communicate by sign language. 聋哑人用手势语交流。 communication n.交流 TV is an effective means of communication. 15.be far away意为“遥远”，后面不跟地点。如 My school is far away.  Bejing is very far away.  be far away from意为“离……远”，后面跟地点，只表示距离，away可省去。如： The school is far (away) from my home. 16.形容词/副词+enough+to do sth. "足够……可以做某事" "not+形容词/副词+enough+to do sth."，意为"不够……不可以做某事" Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break windows into pieces. Jim isn't strong enough to carry the big box. 形容词/副词+enough+to do sth."的肯定形式通常可与"so...that..."结构相互转换，其否定句通常可与"too...to..."结构相互转换。 She is not old enough to go to school this autumn.=She is too young to go to school this autumn. He's clever enough to get over many difficulties.=He's so clever that he can get over many difficulties. enough修饰名词放在名词之前，修饰形容词副词放在形容词和副词之后（名前形副后） 1. [2023 怀化] People plant _______ trees on Tree-Planting Day every year. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundreds 2. —The old man lives _______, so he may feel _______. — We should visit him twice a month. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D.lonely;lonely 3. It is _______ to go outside to play basketball because it is raining hard. A. impossible B. interesting C. lovely D. boring 4. It is important to c with foreigners and tell Chinese stories well. 5. There is the sun, the earth, the moon, and many other stars in the u . $$ 主备课教 案 学 科： 英 语 班 级： 210/220 课 题： M3U2 时 间： 2025/2/19 授 课 教师： 许梦丽 主备课范围： 八年级 衡安学校初中部教科处 Teacher Xu Mengli Analysis on Learners Students are from Grade Eight. Students have learned passages about animals in primary school and have some background knowledge about animals. After learning Unit1, they have known some reasons and measures for endangered animals, and mastered some expressions. Also, they have learned some uses of the verb infinitive as an object. It is not difficult to understand the use of infinitive as purpose. However, in terms of thinking quality, students still need a deep thinking about how to protect animals in danger. Therefore, students are supposed to improve it through the mind-map and making posters. Analysis On the Teaching Material Teaching Content 1.To get the general idea of the reading passage; 2.To use the key words of this unit to answer the questions; 3.To write a passage about introducing a book to others. Teaching Aims 1. master the key vocabulary and phrases: symbol, research, produce, situation, set up, southwest, nature park, develop, government,etc. 2. understand the use of “to do” “in order to do” as purpose. 3. read through the passage and get the information about pandas in danger, get the main ideas of each paragraph and understand the purpose and structure of the passage by mind map. 4. talk about what people can do to protect animals. Abilities 1. work in group, discuss and show their own opinions. 2. improve their ability in skimming and scanning the passage to catch the information. 3.make a speech about protecting animals and make a report for it. Important Points 1.To get the information of endangered animals and to know the solutions about how to protect animals in danger. 2.To clarify the structure of the passage Difficult Points To combine information and output their ideas about the situations of endangered animals and the solutions to protect them after reading. Teaching Methods 1.Students—centered teaching method   2. Task-based/ exercises method Teaching Aids PPT, blackboard, chalk Teaching Procedures   Students’ Activities Purpose Language points Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planet yet? 1.“there has/have been”的用法 该结构是there be句型的现在完成时态结构，用has还是have，要由其后的主语的单复数形式来定。 There hasn’t been any life on other planets so far. 到目前为止，没有在其它星球上发现任何生命。 There have been many changes in my hometown these years.这些年我的家乡已经发生了很多变化。 2.none & no one none “没有一人/一个； 一点儿也没有”，指人/物， all的全部否定 1. “none of+可数名词复数/人称代词复数”作主语，谓语动词单复数即可 2. “none of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式； 3. 强调数量，回答“how many/how much”的提问； no one “没有人”，指人，=nobody 1. 后不跟of短语，作主语，谓语动词用单数形式； 2. 不强调数量，回答who的提问； None of the students has/have been abroad. 那些学生中没有人出过国。 －How many students are there in the classroom?房间里有多少学生？bbb－None.一个人也没有。 --Who is in the classroom?教室里都有谁？－No one.没有人。 拓展：none表示“三者或者三者以上都不” none of... neither表示“两者都不” neither...nor... either表示“两者之一” either...or... both表示“两者都” both...and... all表示“三者或三者以上都” 4.environment的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“环境”，常用于protect the environment，意为“保护环境”。 All of us should protect the environment. 我们所有人都应该保护环境。 （2）其形容词为environmental,意为“生态环境的；有关环境的”。常用于environmental protection,意为“环保”。 As we all know,environmental protection is a hot topic.众所周知，环保时一个热门话题。 5.impossible的用法 adj.，意为“（事情）办不到的；不可能的”。其反义词:possible It’s impossible (for sb.)to do sth.句型，意为“（对某人来说）做某事是不可能的”。 It’s impossible for me to finish writing the report in such a short time. 对我来说，在这么短的时间内完成这份报告是不可能的。 6.light的用法 （1）作为不可数名词，意为“光（线）；光亮”；作为可数名词，意为“灯”。 There is some light in the cave.洞穴里有一些光。 There are eight lights in our classroom.教室里有八盏灯。 （2）作为动词，意为“照亮；点亮”。 We can light a candle in the room. 我们可以在房间里点一支蜡烛。 （3）作为形容词，意为“轻的；（颜色）浅的等”。 People should wear light clothes in summer. 夏天里，人们应该穿浅色的衣服。 7.“adj./adv. + enough + to do sth.”的用法 “足够……可以做某事”。 “not + adj./adv. + enough + to do sth.”,意为“不够……不可以做某事”， 可以和too...to...结构，so...that...结构相互转换。 Tom is not old enough to go to school. =Tom is too young to go to school. =Tom is so young that he can’t go to school. 8.辨析：alone & lonely (1) alone adj. 意为“单独的；独自的”，在句中常作表语。adv.意为“单独；独自”。 (2) lonely adj.意为“孤独的；荒凉的”，常用来描述人的内心状态。 Although the old man lives alone,he never feels lonely.虽然老人独自一人生活，但是从来不感到孤独。 9.communicate的用法 （1）作为动词，意为“联系；交流”。常用于communicate with sb.，意为“和某人进行交流”。 You’d better communicate with your parents when you have problems.当你有麻烦，你最好和你的父母交流。 （2）其名词为communication,意为“联系；交流；通信等”。 TV is an effective means of communication.电视是一种有效的通信手段。 10.decide的用法 （1）及物动词，意为“决定；下决心”，其后常接+to do。 （2）其名词形式为decision，意为“决心；决定”，常用于make a decision to do sth.意为“下定决心做某事”。 Tom made a decision to study hard at the beginning of the new term. 新学 1. Arouse students’ interest and lead in the topic. Board-design 教师评课意见 感谢您的宝贵意见！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$