2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模（期中）英语试卷

浦东新区2024学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测 高三英语试卷 （考试时间：105分钟 满分：115分） I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The power of the pen Numerous studies highlight the psychological benefits of writing. For example, researchers found that participants who engaged in a six-week program of expressive writing improved their mental toughness. In another study, researchers analyzed brain scans to see how writing about negative events affected the way such events (1)______ (process) and handled. They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions and (2)______ writing about a past failure could improve learning. Last year, brain researchers demonstrated that writing by hand (3)______ ______ typing with a keyboard promoted more complex brain connectivity, which was crucial for memory formation. These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you (4)______ (clarify) thoughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits. To cultivate the habit of writing, try the two tips. · Write to people you love. When you write with your audience in mind, you relate to them. Most importantly, you share something precious with loved ones. Think of how you felt the last time someone you cared about (5)______ (take) time to write you a heartfelt message. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need (6)______ (heal) or just to get an extra smile out of someone. · Write appreciation notes at work. When Doug Conant took over as CEO at Campbell’s, he transformed the company culture from unpleasant to award-winning. “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made (7)______ a practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years, it amounted to more than 30,000 notes, (8)______ we had only 20,000 employees. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes (9)______ (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).” In today’s digital world (10)______ most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. beneficial B. building C. cloudy D. disturbing E. fix F. mismatch G. originated H. perception I. readies J. sharpened K. supervises How to prosper in an uncertain world In an age of rapid change, our instinctive desire for certainty may be blinding us to its psychological costs. Humans naturally need answers and typically find uncertainty emotionally ___11___. It’s easy to feel anxiety for the future and see certainty as a lighthouse in a darkening time. But a wave of new scientific discoveries reveals that learning to lean into uncertainty in times of rapid change is a promising ___12___ to mental distress, not a royal road to anxiety, as many of us assume. A growing body of evidence and a range of new interventions suggest that skillfully managing uncertainty in the face of what’s ___13___, new or unexpected is an effective treatment for anxiety. Researchers further observe it is a likely pathway to ___14___ toughness. Tolerating and even delighting in uncertainty doesn’t merely help us to accept life’s unpredictability; it also ___15___ us to learn and adapt. Each day, the brain uses ___16___ mental models about how the world works, which are used to process a shifting environment. When we meet something unexpected, a neural(神经的) “prediction error” signals a ___17___ between what we assumed would occur and what our senses tell us. Yet our uneasy sense of not knowing stimulates a host of ___18___ neural changes, including heightened attention, boosted working memory and sensitivity to new information. The brain is preparing to update our ___19___ of the world. Uncertainty offers the “opportunity for life to go in different directions,” says Stephanie Gorka of Ohio State University’s College of Medicine, “and that is fascinating.” This is why being open to uncertainty is critical for mental well-being. Pioneering work led by Dr. Dugas who ___20___ the term “intolerance of uncertainty” and Nicholas Carleton shows that being intolerant of uncertainty increases exposure to mental health challenges such as anxiety, eating disorders and depression. By learning to accept uncertainty, we not only enhance our mental power but also pave the way for personal growth and the discovery of new opportunities. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Flowers are powerful symbols. People around the world use them to ___21___ festivals and significant life events. Lilies and tulips represent ___22___ during spring, a time of fresh beginnings; a bunch of roses on Valentine’s Day or Mother’s Day conveys love. And year-round, no wedding or funeral is ___23___ without flowers. Blooms are a ___24___ business, and the global cut flowers industry is worth up to $55 billion a year. But behind the beautiful flowers can be significant environmental and human ___25___. Here’s how the flower industry is impacting the planet. The country that is undoubtedly the world’s largest ___26___ of cut flowers is the US, with a majority of imported flowers from Colombia and Ecuador. In Europe, most imported flowers sold there are from equatorial East Africa. The single largest producer of cut flowers in the world is Colombia, which ___27___ an estimated 660 million stems(茎) in 2024. Other top producers are Ecuador, Sri Lanka and Kenya, the latter ___28___ one-third of all roses sold in the EU. Meanwhile, China is rapidly becoming a(n) ___29___ market in the global flower trade, driven by rising demands. The global flower trade is rapid, which ___30___ the industry’s environmental footprint —the ideal is to get a bloom from field to vase in three to five days for a good profit. For Colombian producers, with farms mostly located near Bogotá’s international airport, flowers can lose 15 percent of their ___31___ for every extra day spent traveling. Many of the flowers are grown in high-altitude(高海拔), industrial-scale greenhouses(for disease and humidity control), and these flower farms can cover an area of over 500 acres. Flowers are also thirsty plants, which ___32___ high water use and chemical runoff. ___33___, drought-stricken Lake Naivasha, the center of the industry in Kenya, has seen half of its water drawn off for use in flower greenhouses, according to some critics. On top of pollutants and water use, flowers can ___34___ serious carbon emissions because of refrigeration and long-distance transport. In 2020, Valentine’s Day flowers grown in Colombia and flown to US airports produced some 360,000 metric tons of CO2. To put that into perspective, that’s ___35___ equivalent to 78,000 cars driven for one year. Even after flowers are flown into the US, they’re sometimes trucked thousands of miles in gas-inefficient trucks from centers such as Miami and Los Angeles to locations across the nation. 21. A. sustain B. trace C. restore D. mark 22. A. cycle B. tradition C. renewal D. freedom 23. A. visible B. dramatic C. complete D. unique 24. A. booming B. diverse C. struggling D. risky 25. A. costs B. resources C. activities D. objectives 26. A. grower B. consumer C. assessor D. distributor 27. A. examined B. removed C. preserved D. exported 28. A. supplying B. fertilizing C. arranging D. exchanging 29. A. emerging B. declining C. exclusive D. protective 30. A. neutralises B. theorises C. quantifies D. intensifies 31. A. symbolism B. availability C. value D. identity 32. A. allows for B. contributes to C. benefits from D. disapproves of 33. A. What’s more B. For example C. In contrast D. As a result 34. A. generate B. reduce C. monitor D. tackle 35. A. merely B. currently C. routinely D. roughly Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Yoshiko Abe is about to turn 89, but that hasn’t stopped her from going to the gym every day and trying the free-of-charge makeup course at her housing complex. “It was really helpful,” she said, smiling after putting on foundation and pink lipstick, something she hadn’t done in years. Japan is the fastest-aging society in the world, where more than a quarter of its population is 65 and older, at 36 million people. In about a decade, the percentage will be 33%. The market for older people is estimated to grow to more than 100 trillion yen ($650 billion) in size this year. No wonder the young-at-heart are an expanding community for business. And that business isn’t just about cures for sicknesses and old folks’ homes. Akira Shimizu, professor of business at Keio University, says older people remain sensitive to trends, including the latest products. “They think about the clothing and makeup that express their style and identity,” he said. From luxury cruises(邮轮) and “oldies” rock concerts, companies know that older people these days remain active. “They go out with friends and on dates, and dressing up makes them feel good,” said Shimizu. Miwa Hiraku, the makeup class instructor from a famous Japanese university, says that makeup is not just good for your physical well-being but also your soul. She claims to wear makeup even at 100. “Putting on makeup works as a switch to turn on your energy at the start of your day. It’s not just about looking beautiful. It’s about living a long healthy life,” she said. Yoshihiko Hotta, 85, the only man in the class of about 30 people, didn’t try the lipstick but happily put on the hand cream and went along with all the exercise routines. While acknowledging he felt something like aching legs, he declared firmly, “I don’t think age is relevant.” 36. What can we learn about the business for the elderly in Japan? A. It shows signs of potential. B. It creates a large fortune for them. C. Its main focus is on caring for them. D. Its feature is various makeup lessons. 37. Akira Shimizu and Miwa Hiraku most likely reach an agreement on ____________. A. the sensitivity to old people’s emotions B. the seniors’ preference for luxury goods C. the makeup’s uplifting effects on seniors D. the economic benefits of makeup products 38. In the last paragraph, the example of Yoshihiko Hotta suggests that he ____________. A. is the only man to do exercise in the class B. strictly follows traditional gender concepts C. reluctantly links physical discomfort to age D. feels highly pressured to wear makeup in public 39. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. Seniors in Japan are well aware of group identity. B. The rise of Japan’s silver economy redefines aging. C. Experts appeal to seniors to remain mentally active. D. Makeup courses are popular with the young-at-heart in Japan. (B) In Shanghai’s busy streets and towering highrises, a new dialect appears — one spoken in algorithms(算法). From decoding local idioms in conference rooms to preserving disappearing crafts and guiding graduates toward tech careers, AI is becoming the city’s cultural bridge. This is urban intelligence with local flavor. Foreign professional’s Cultural Translator | Lujiazui Tool: iFlytek Hear + DeepL Pro Users: Multinational consultants & startup founders The Challenge: 72% of foreign professionals struggle with “code-switching” — using formal Putonghua for business negotiations yet confused by local Shanghainese slang(俚语) in daily chats. The Solution: · iFlytek Hear converts local dialect to Putonghua text. · DeepL Pro translates with cultural notes: · Business: “关系” → “strategic partnership” · Casual: “lùzi” → “trusted local networks” The Impact: “Now when colleagues use local slang, I understand its implied meaning,” says Klaus Becker, investment analyst. Guardians of Lost Threads | Tianzifang Craft Quarter Tools: Midjourney + Synthesia Users: ______40______ The Crisis: With the Qipao masters aged 80+ and traditional guidance declining, delicate techniques like sewing and embroidery face extinction. The Comeback: · Midjourney’s digital reconstruction creates the digital version of the old-time Qipao from museum scans. · Synthesia’s live lessons convert master interviews into interactive sessions and auto-create stitch-by-stitch(一针针) videos from verbal instructions. The Impact: “Now when our master’s hands shake, her craft lives through AI-guided needles, revitalizing a 1947 design,” says young designer Li Xia. Career Pathfinders | College Innovation Center Tools: LinkedIn’s AI Career Assistant Users: University graduates piloting through tech-driven markets The Challenge: New graduates struggle to match skills with fast-evolving tech roles. The Approach: · Analyzes 100K+ job posts to identify high-demand hybrid roles (e.g., data analyst for smart urban planning). · Recommends skill-building courses adapted for Shanghai’s tech growth sectors. The Feedback: “AI matched my statistics degree with data roles upgrading public transport systems,” says grad Emily Zhang. 40. Target users for the blank are likely to be ____________. A. vocational trainers developing craft curricula B. culture researchers digitizing Qipao collections C. new designers learning from aging craft masters D. local businesses expanding craftsman e-commerce 41. Which of the following toolsets best suits a foreign art student in Shanghai in the hope of mixing tech roles with traditional crafts? A. iFlytek Hear + Synthesia. B. DeepL Pro + Midjourney. C. DeepL Pro + LinkedIn’s AI. D. Midjourney + LinkedIn’s AI. 42. Where would readers most likely find this article? A. A business blog. B. A career journal. C. A policy brief. D. A tech magazine. (C) This week’s Nobel Physics Prize honored two scientists who helped computers “learn” more like the human brain. A day later, the Chemistry Prize went to three researchers who used AI to design proteins and reveal molecular(分子的) structures, a problem that had troubled biologists for decades. Here come the complaints. This was computer science, not physics or chemistry! Of the five winners, arguably only one, biochemist David Baker, works in the field he was awarded in. The Nobel Prizes have traditionally favored concrete results over theory, experimental discovery over pure idea. But that pattern didn’t quite hold this year: one prize went to scientists who were dedicated to physics as a foundation on which to build computer models used for no groundbreaking result in particular. The winners on Wednesday, on the other hand, had created computer models that made big advancements in biochemistry. This shift hints at an unsettling prospect: Perhaps scientists will merely craft the tools that make the breakthroughs, rather than do the revolutionary work themselves or even understand how it came about. Artificial intelligence designs and builds hundreds of molecular Notre Dames (巴黎圣母院) and a researcher is honored for inventing the tool “shovel”. But hey, give people some credit. Science has always involved tools and instruments, and our relationship to them has grown more complex with their advancement. Few astronomers today put an eye to a telescope; sensors and AI models collect eye-popping volumes of data; computer programs analyze them for patterns familiar and strange; researchers examine them, sometimes from halfway across the world. The heavens are pixels(像素) on a monitor. Who, then, owns the discovery? Where does the machinery end and the human begin? If anything, highlighting AI’s role in science, the Nobel Committee also revealed its own untimely approach. Alfred Nobel’s 1895 vision rewarded the individual genius planting flags in Physics, Chemistry, and Medicine. But today’s challenges, such as climate change, cancer, extinction, don’t respect those boundaries. Rare is the pure chemist or biologist; common is the geochemist, the computational evolutionary theorist. AI is making these divisions less distinct, linking vast datasets across disciplines and boosting unexpected cooperation. “Among” is the key word. Science is ever more a team effort, a beautiful, essential reality that the Nobels, with their strict rules and categories, struggle to celebrate. If Nobel Committee is now rewarding the contributions of AI, should it not also recognize the researchers whose results it learned from? 43. What caused the complaints about this year’s Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry? A. Winners were recognized for experimental results. B. Both prizes were associated with computer science. C. The biology field has long been overlooked in the award. D. Physics Prizes were awarded for models in biochemistry. 44. The writer mentions “Notre Dame” and “telescope” to suggest ____________. A. AI masks human-machine roles in discovery B. humans owe their understanding of the world to AI C. AI is more crucial than humans in scientific exploration D. humans enable tools to independently make breakthroughs 45. It can be inferred in the last two paragraphs that ____________. A. the committee has been used to applauding a team effort B. emphasising individual genius is against modern science C. AI should be preferred over researchers for breakthroughs D. the strict rules and categories address scientific challenges 46. What might be the best title of this passage? A. AI takes over: the decline of traditional science B. AI dominates science: the end of human discovery C. Nobel Prizes question AI’s role in modern research D. Nobel Prizes highlight AI and teamwork in science Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Will recycling rates improve accordingly? B. What are the procedures to recycle the bottle caps? C. Trying to solve littering by asking the public to stop is not working. D. Bottle caps are also one of the most common items consumed by marine animals. E. Having bottle caps attached could lead to higher instances of plastic going to landfill. F. They are more likely to find their way into the environment and pose risks to wildlife. Why plastic bottles now have their caps attached You may have bought a drink recently and noticed something odd: the once removable cap is now tied to the bottle by a small piece of plastic. This is one of several policies designed to limit the amount of plastic litter. It specifically targets the caps from single-use plastic bottles. (47)________________ Plastic bottle caps are now among the top ten litter items found in rivers and the ocean. In the UK, 2023 beach surveys listed bottle caps as the third most common type of litter, while on the Dutch North Sea coastline, surveys recorded up to 128 bottle caps for each kilometre of beach in 2016. (48)________________ A connecting piece creates one item of litter, not two, that is easier to pick up and less likely to be taken in. After all, most birds can’t eat an entire bottle. (49)________________ Caps are smaller, typically colored and made of a different type of plastic than the bottle they are attached to, so they need to be recycled separately. The connecting pieces would likely increase detection rates of bottle caps while facilitating the separation of bottles in recycling process. It is worth noting that recycling has never been a realistic solution to the overproduction of plastic. (50)________________ Attached bottles caps are a refreshing idea that places the responsibility on those producing millions of litter-able items in the first place. Before, you had to try not to litter. Now, you have to try to litter. Doesn’t that seem easier? III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. British farms are attracting modern consumers Peterley Manor Farm has moved a long way from traditional farming. When Roger Brill, a fourth-generation farmer took over the farm in 1982, he grew and sold fruit and vegetables from the farm gate. Now the farm boasts a “wild spa” with outdoor ice baths and a wood-fired steam bath, yoga(瑜伽) classes in a Mongolian yurt(蒙古包). Branching out has become the norm for modern farmers. Nearly 70% of farms in England are engaging in different commercial activities. Out of those with additional income streams, one in five earn more than half of their income from diversified initiatives. Half of farm-owners let out space for other activities, according to figures from the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA); a fifth generate income from solar energy. The decision to diversify may not be new: farmers have sought alternative income streams for decades. But the need has become more urgent. Farms have been squeezed by huge rises in energy costs and the rapidly increasing cost of agricultural labour in recent years. Increasingly unpredictable weather, including record amounts of rainfall, has made harvests less reliable. Changing subsidy(补贴) arrangements add to the uncertainty. DEFRA estimates that up to 42% of all farms are unprofitable without the Basic Payment Scheme (BPS), a subsidy that was introduced in 2015 and is now ending. Diversification brings new business for struggling farms. But adapting to consumer demands leaves them exposed to wider economic cycles. It also requires them to find workers with new skills. In future Peterley Manor Farm will need more marketers and chefs, for instance, and fewer farm hands. In one respect, though, things are not that different from old-fashioned farming. “The service industry is challenging,” says Ms Brill. “It’s hard work and long hours.” IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这位教练精心编写的健身手册将于明年2月问世。(expect) 53. 太阳破云而出，驴友们不禁啧啧称奇。(can’t help) 54. 只有研究透市场需求，才能对产品开发对症下药。(tailor) 55. 目前，这部国内很火的电影在海外的上映计划覆盖了澳大利亚、新西兰等国，预售火爆，一票难求。(so... that...) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假如你是明启中学学生李华，最近学校学生会举办了一年一度的义卖活动。现向同学们征集改进建议，让明年的义卖活动更加成功。请你写一封信给学生会，内容须包括： （1）简要描述本次活动及存在的问题； （2）给出具体的改进建议及原因。 浦东新区2024学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测 高三英语 参考答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分） Section A 1.were processed 2. that 3. instead of/rather than 4. to clarify 5. took 6. healing/to be healed 7. it 8. though/although 9. displayed 10. where Section B 11-20 DECBI JFAHG II. Reading Comprehension（45分） Section A 21-35 DCCAA BDAAD CBBAD Section B 36-39 ACCB 40-42 CDD 43-46 BABD Section C 47-50 FDAC III. Summary Writing（10分） 51. British farms have transformed from traditional farming to commercial services to seek more income. This shift is mainly due to the urgent need to cope with rising costs, unpredictable weather, and subsidy reforms. Despite new business opportunities, this diversification is still challenging with more demands for new skills and hard work. (51 words) IV. Translation（15分） 52. The fitness manual carefully-written by the coach is expected to come out in February next year. 53. Hikers/Tourists couldn’t help but marvel at the sight of the sun emerging from behind the clouds. 54. Only by thoroughly understanding market demand(s) can we tailor product development to specific needs. 55. Currently, the overseas release plan of the highly popular film in China has covered such countries as Australia and New Zealand, and its pre-sales have been so hot that even a single ticket is hard to come by. V. Guided Writing（25分） （略） 高三英语试卷 第10页 共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$