Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Writing（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Writing [对应学生用书P70] 1．写作词汇再现 ①aim 目的；目标 ②result 结果 ③material 材料 ④procedure 步骤，程序，手续 ⑤stage 阶段 ⑥do/carry out/conduct an experiment 做实验 ⑦draw/come to a conclusion 得出结论 2．精彩句式再练 完成句子 ①我非常想知道这个神奇的瓶子会发生什么。 I have an incredible desire to know what will happen to this magic bottle. ②一切准备就绪后，实验开始了。 With all the things prepared, the experiment began. ③正是这个实验激励我们探索化学的奥秘。 It is the experiment that inspires us to explore the mysteries of chemistry. ④不止一个学生对实验结果感到惊讶。 More than one student was amazed by the result of the experiment. ⑤经过实验，我可以得出结论，气压确实存在。 After the experiment, I can draw the conclusion that air pressure indeed exists. Ⅰ　写实验报告 [对应学生用书P70] ►文体感知 英文的实验报告属于说明文，内容主要为描述实验目的、实验材料、实验步骤、实验结果等。实验报告要明确体现实验目的、步骤和结果，对具体实验现象的描述要客观准确，分析要全面具体，语言要简洁质朴、通俗易懂。 ►写作技巧 实验报告主要包含以下几个部分： 1．开头——介绍实验背景和实验目的； 2．主体——介绍实验材料和实验的具体步骤； 3．结尾——交代实验的结果和从中学到的知识或者道理。 ►典例展示 根据下面所给的提示，书写一份完整的实验报告。 1．实验目的：观察水的沸腾。 2．实验步骤： (1)在烧杯中放入适量的水； (2)把温度计放到水中； (3)点燃酒精灯，仔细观察温度计和水的变化。 3．实验结果： (1)水温在60℃以下时，随着水温不断升高，杯底气泡越来越多，有少量气泡上升； (2)水温在60～90℃时，杯底气泡逐渐减少，气泡上升逐渐加快； (3)水温达到100℃时，气泡上升最快，水面气泡最多，温度不再变化。 4．实验结论：水在100℃时开始沸腾。 参考词汇：烧杯beaker；温度计thermometer；酒精灯alcohol burner；气泡bubble 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题谋篇] 确定体裁、话题 体裁：说明文(实验报告) 话题：“水沸腾”实验 确定时态、人称 时态：一般现在时 人称：第一、第三人称 布局文章架构 首段：实验目的 中段：实验步骤 尾段：实验结论 列出核心要点 1.实验目的：观察水的沸腾 2．具体实验步骤及实验结果 3．实验结论：水在100℃时开始沸腾 [实践应用] 1．完成句子 ①设计该实验的目的是观察水沸腾时的温度及发生的变化。 This experiment is designed to observe the temperature when water boils and what happens in water during the boiling. ②为了做实验，我准备了水和以下仪器：一个温度计、一个烧杯和一盏酒精灯。 To carry out the experiment，I prepared water and the following instruments：a thermometer，a beaker and an alcohol burner. ③现在你能够看到，当温度达到100℃时，大量的气泡会从杯底上升至水面。 Now you can see that when the temperature reaches 100 degrees centigrade，plenty of bubbles rise from the bottom of the beaker to the water surface. ④实验后，我可以得出结论：水在100℃时开始沸腾，另外大量的气泡会在沸腾时上升至水面。 After the experiment，I can draw a conclusion：water starts boiling at 100 degrees centigrade with plenty of bubbles rising to the surface during the boiling． 2．句式升级 ⑤用that引导的主语从句、with复合结构改写句③ Now it can be seen that plenty of bubbles rise from the bottom of the beaker to the water surface with the temperature reaching 100 degrees centigrade. ⑥用that引导的同位语从句、while引导的时间状语从句改写句④ After the experiment，I can draw a conclusion that water starts boiling at 100 degrees centigrade while plenty of bubbles rise to the surface during the boiling. 3．靓化成篇 结合以上句子写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 [参考范文] This experiment is designed to observe the temperature when water boils and what happens in water during the boiling. To carry out the experiment，I prepared water and the following instruments：a thermometer，a beaker and an alcohol burner. Procedure： First，half fill the beaker with water. Then put the thermometer in it. Finally，light the alcohol burner and heat the water，and observe the readings of the thermometer. Now it can be seen that plenty of bubbles rise from the bottom of the beaker to the water surface with the temperature reaching 100 degrees centigrade. After the experiment，I can draw a conclusion that water starts boiling at 100 degrees centigrade while plenty of bubbles rise to the surface during the boiling. ►实战演练 根据下面提示，写一篇有关“不打破鸡蛋除去蛋壳”的实验报告。 1．实验目的： 不打破鸡蛋除去蛋壳 2．实验仪器和材料： 一只玻璃杯，一个小煮锅(saucepan)，水，一个鸡蛋，约 250 毫升醋(vinegar) 3．实验步骤： (1)把鸡蛋放在煮锅中煮 10 分钟左右；(2)把鸡蛋放在玻璃杯中； (3)往玻璃杯中倒醋，醋要漫过鸡蛋；(4)把鸡蛋泡在醋中 24 小时。 4．实验结果： 24 小时后蛋壳完全消失。 5．实验结论： 醋中的酸性物质(acid)与蛋壳中的碳酸钙(CaCO3)反应生成二氧化碳(CO2)，蛋壳消失。 [参考范文] The aim of this experiment is to remove the shell from an egg without breaking it. To carry out the experiment，I need to prepare the following things: a glass, a small saucepan, water, an egg, and about 250 ml vinegar. With all these things ready，I begin the experiment. First, boil the egg for about ten minutes in the saucepan filled with water. Next, place the egg in the glass and pour vinegar over the egg. After that, leave the egg in the vinegar for 24 hours. Finally, the shell disappears completely. The shell is mostly made of CaCO3 and the vinegar contains acid. The egg shell dissolves because CaCO3 reacts with acid to form the gas CO2. Ⅱ　读后续写 [对应学生用书P72] 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Edith heard there was a competition to invent a brand-new machine, she longed to enter. Her idol(偶像), the famous inventor Mathew, was going to be the judge! Edith planned and worked on her invention every day after school. Finally, a huge light-up music box was finished—just in time for the competition. She was sure it would win first prize. Everyone would certainly be amazed when the lights shone and the music began to play. However, when Edith slowly turned the handle(手柄), nothing happened. The machine needed more power. Edith turned the handle faster, but no matter how quickly she went, she couldn't get more than a flash from the lights. There was no way this would win and she had run out of time to fix it. On the competition night, Edith went to the town hall with a heavy heart.She set up her music machine, feeling like a failure. Mathew burst through the doors on his bike, whose pedals(脚踏板) gave off light. Everyone cheered excitedly. He got off the bike and walked around the rooms to see the inventions on show. Edith was nervous as he came over. “Can you tell me about your machine？” he asked. “It is a music machine that lights up，” Edith said in a low voice. Mathew clapped happily，“Amazing! Show me how it works.” Edith turned the handle faster than she'd ever managed before. Terrible slow music started and the lights flashed on and off. Someone nearby laughed. Edith's cheeks turned red.“Don't worry，” Mathew smiled.“All my inventions went wrong when I was younger. You mustn't give up.” Hiding behind the machine, Edith couldn't wait for the competition to end. The judging had almost finished when suddenly the lights of the hall went out. No one could get the lights to work and the competition couldn't carry on. Edith thought for a moment. If only she were stronger, she could have turned the handle of her machine faster and lit up the room. In the dark, Edith could just see Mathew climbing onto his bike, with his pedals glimmering(发出微光). 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： “Don't go！” Edith shouted, “I know how to light up the room！” Paragraph 2： Everyone jumped with joy as light and music from the machine filled the room. [巧读文] 1．读要素 Who：Edith，Mathew Where：in a competition When：on the competition night What：to invent a huge light-up music box 2．读双线(情节线、情感线) 情节线： 情感线：eager→frustrated→nervous [妙构思] 1．读首句，定方向 Paragraph 1： 由续写第一段首句“‘Don't go！’ Edith shouted，‘I know how to light up the room！’”可知，本段应该写Edith告诉Mathew她为什么需要他的帮助，Mathew同意了，按照Edith的方法，音乐盒亮了，点亮了房间。 Paragraph 2： 由续写第二段首句“Everyone jumped with joy as light and music from the machine filled the room.”可知，本段应该写比赛继续进行，Edith获得了比赛的第一名并获得感悟。 2．巧设问，定细节 Paragraph 1： (1)How to light up the room? Turned the handle faster. (2)How did Mathew think of the method? He agreed. (3)What did Mathew do? Mathew rode the bike, which linked to the music box. (4)What happened at last? The music box lit up the room. Paragraph 2： (1)How did everyone present feel? They were grateful because Edith had made it possible for the competition to carry on. (2)What was the result of the competition? Edith won first place. (3)What can we learn from the passage? Success belongs to those who never give up and have ideas. [雕句式] 根据提示升级下列句子 1．If you turn the handle faster, the light is brighter. →The faster you turn the handle, the brighter the light is.(the more ...the more ...句型) 2．When he heard the method that Edith offered, Mathew agreed and helped her to link his bike with the music box. →Hearing the method that Edith offered, Mathew agreed and helped her to link his bike with the music box.(分词作状语) 3. Mathew announced that Edith won first place. Edith jumped with joy. →When Mathew announced that Edith won first place，Edith jumped with joy.(时间状语从句) [成美文] Paragraph 1： “Don't go！” Edith shouted, “I know how to light up the room！” Paragraph 2： Everyone jumped with joy as light and music from the machine filled the room. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： “Don't go！” Edith shouted, “I know how to light up the room！” Edith said，“The machine needs a lot of power to turn the handle. The faster you turn the handle, the brighter the light is. However, I'm not strong enough to turn the handle. I think you and your bike can be helpful.” Hearing the method that Edith offered, Mathew agreed and helped her to link his bike with the music box. As Mathew rode the bike, the music box gradually lit up the room. Paragraph 2： Everyone jumped with joy as light and music from the machine filled the room.Everyone was grateful that Edith had made it possible for the competition to carry on. It was time for judgment. When Mathew announced that Edith won first place, Edith jumped with joy. Mathew said success belongs to those who never give up and have ideas. [课时梯级训练(十二)见P165、 单元综合检测(三)见P168] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$