Unit 6 Period 4 Developing ideas-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册作业与测评课件PPT（外研版2019）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 6　Disaster and hope Period 4　Developing ideas 课时作业（四） 小精读 课时作业（五） 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 3 课时作业（四） Ⅰ　阅读 No matter where you live in the world, natural disasters are always a threat. Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause. 课时作业（四） A technical term for a period of very cold weather, a cold wave is a type of natural disaster where the temperature drops rapidly over the course of 24 hours. While cold weather in itself isn't necessarily enough to cause a natural disaster, a rapid dropping of the temperature could lead to lots of problems for communities in a region. Interestingly, there isn't an precise temperature threshold (起点) that must reach to be. Rather, cold waves are classified (分类) by how fast the temperature falls. Since what's considered to be “cold” varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave. 课时作业（四） There are many reasons why a cold wave might occur. One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions. Alternatively, movement in the jet streams can also drive very cold weather southward in just a matter of hours. The primary danger of a cold wave is, indeed, the cold weather itself. This can lead to a higher risk of hypothermia (低温症) and other cold－related injuries. Additionally, cold weather can cause ice and frost to build up quickly, damaging basic facilities. Cold waves are also particularly dangerous for aircraft and other machinery. Extreme cold can use up vehicle batteries or cause petrol to come together. So, whenever in extreme cold weather, people need to be careful. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种自然灾害——寒潮。 课时作业（四） 1．Why do people need to understand natural disasters? A．To remove nervousness. B．To encourage research. C．To get ready for its possibility. D．To build professional departments. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Of course, we humans ... the dangers they cause.”可知，我们需要了解自然灾害，以便采取措施为其发生做好准备。故选C。 课时作业（四） 2．How can we define a cold wave? A．By an exact temperature. B．By classified temperature. C．By local climate standards. D．By fallen temperature in summer. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Since what's considered ... actually a cold wave.”可知，当地气象机构依据该地气候标准来确定某天气事件是否属于寒潮。故选C。 课时作业（四） 3．Which of the following contributes most to the cold wave? A．Sudden big wind. B．Heavy snow. C．Rapidly rising temperature. D．A powerful pressure system from polar areas. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One of the most common ... the polar regions.”可知，从极地地区来的非常强的高压系统经常导致寒潮的发生。故选D。 课时作业（四） 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A natural program. B．A climate disaster. C．A scientific method. D．A scientific experiment. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，文章介绍了可能会给人类生命和财产带来危害的一种自然灾害——寒潮。故选B。 课时作业（四） Ⅱ　七选五 Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips. __1__ Know your way out. An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are. __2__ Stay low. __3__ In a fire, smoke and poisonous air hurt more people than the actual flames do. You will breathe less smoke if you escape that way. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route, staying low means you can crawl under most of the fire. 课时作业（四） What if you can't get out right away? __4__ You can do this from an open window or call 119 if you have a phone with you. Even if you are scared, never hide under a bed or in a closet. Firefighters will have a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out. __5__ Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by chance if you step too close to a fire. If this happens, don't run! Instead, stop, drop to the floor, cover your face with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll！ A．If your clothes catch fire, what should you do? B．Cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. 课时作业（四） C．Your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home. D．Direct an extinguisher (灭火器) at the fire and try to put it out. E．So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. F．If you can see smoke in the house, stay as low as possible as you make your way to the exit. G．You will want to yell for help if you can't get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发生火灾时如何逃生的几个建议。 课时作业（四） 解析：上文“Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips.”引出家里着火该如何应对的话题。下文具体介绍解决方法和措施。C项(你的家人会在家里发生火灾时做好准备。)承上启下。故选C。 1.答案：C 解析：根据该段小标题“Know your way out.”以及上文“Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are.”可知，该段主要讲述了家里着火时的逃生路线。E项(所以学习和记住离开家的不同方式是很重要的。)承接上文。故选E。 2.答案：E 课时作业（四） 解析：根据下文“You will breathe less smoke if you escape that way.(如果你以那种方式逃生，你将吸入较少的烟雾。)”可知，F项(如果你能看到房子里有烟，在你向出口走去的时候尽量保持低姿势。)引出下文。故选F。 3.答案：F 解析：根据该段小标题“What if you can't get out right away？(如果你不能马上出去怎么办？)”及下文“You can do this from an open window or call 119 if you have a phone with you.(你可以从一扇开着的窗户做这件事，或者如果你有电话就打119。)”可知，G项(如果因为火灾或烟雾阻挡了逃生路线而无法快速逃生，你会想要大声呼救。)承上启下。故选G。 4.答案：G 课时作业（四） 解析：设空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Your clothes could catch fire ... Stop, Drop, and Roll！”可知，本段主要讲述了衣服着火的紧急处理方法。A项(如果你的衣服着火了，你该怎么办？)总结该段内容，适合作为段落小标题。故选A。 5.答案：A 课时作业（四） 小精读 A young woman was waiting for her flight at an airport. She was leaving for London because she got a new job there. She was excited as well as a little nervous about her new life. With several long hours before her flight, the woman hunted for a book in the airport shops, bought a packet of cookies and found a place to sit. She took out a book and started to read. Although she was absorbed in her book, she happened to see that the man sitting beside her, as bold (大胆的) as he could be, grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in between them.Educated to be well­mannered, she tried to ignore it to avoid an argument. But to show that she was the owner, she started to take cookies from that bag too. Unfortunately, the man didn't get that hint, since he didn't stop grabbing the cookies. 小精读 18 “How annoying！” she thought. As the greedy cookie thief kept eating, the woman munched (用力咀嚼) some cookies and watched the clock. She was getting angrier as the minutes went by, thinking, “If I weren't so nice, I would blacken his eyes.” With each cookie she took, he took one, too; when only one was left, she wondered what he would do. With a smile on his face, and a nervous laugh, he took the last cookie and broke it in half. He offered her a half, and ate the other. She grabbed it from him, glared at him and thought, “Oh, brother. This guy has some nerve and he is so rude! Why didn't he even show any gratefulness？” 小精读 19 She had never known when she had been so angry, and sighed in relief when her flight was called. She gathered her belongings, put them into the backpack and headed to the gate quickly, refusing to look back at the rude thief. She boarded the plane, sank in her seat, and looked for her book, which was almost complete. As she reached in her backpack, she was surprised to find something in it. At that moment, in her sight came the packet of cookies, which had been just bought by her, unopened at all. Ashamed and feeling like a thief, she finally got that the cookies were not hers but belonged to the man sitting next to her, who had calmly offered to share his last cookie with her. A sudden rush of shy blood filling the face, she instinctively looked around with the hope of finding the very man to make an apology. 小精读 20 Surprisingly, she found the man sitting just behind her. He was just looking up and met her eyes, also with a smile on his face. The woman was at an absolute loss but gave the man a nervous laugh in return. With a quite open mouth, she was unable to say any apology to him, murmuring “Sorry, sorry ... It was I myself who was the real cookie thief.” After a while, she fell asleep on her seat with the plane flying steadily. The next day, when she arrived at her new company, the biggest surprise was waiting for her. 小精读 21 忽视，对……不予理会 本能地 寻找 怒视 小精读 22 Ashamed and feeling like a thief, she finally got that the cookies were not hers but belonged to the man sitting next to her, who had calmly offered to share his last cookie with her. Ashamed和feeling like a thief是形容词和现在分词短语作__________；句中that引导________从句，从句中not ... but ... 连接______________，意为“___________________”；sitting next to her 为现在分词短语作_________；who引导__________________从句。 伴随状语 宾语 并列谓语 不是……而是…… 后置定语 非限制性定语 小精读 23 第一步： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二步： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三步： ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一位女士在登机前被邻座的先生“偷吃”了饼干。经过多次试探，这个先生并没有“收敛”，故而她认为这位先生非常没有礼貌并且粗鲁。 登机后女士才发现自己的饼干仍然在包中，她意识到那位先生并没有偷吃自己的饼干。相反，自己才是那个不礼貌且粗鲁的人。 她发现那位先生坐在她的背后，并向她致以微笑，她尴尬地回笑并低声道歉，也明白了真正的礼貌的意义。 小精读 24 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “礼”，是发自内心的尊重，是言行有度的规矩，更是宽厚待人的善良。真正的礼貌是源于心底的善意。 小精读 25 课时作业(五) Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．Don't start giving me problems __________ (否则) I'll have to be very unpleasant indeed. 2．The ________ (财产) has been returned to the original owner. 3．No ________ (掩蔽) was available for miles around in this treeless landscape. 4．The money I have saved is __________ (足够的) for buying a car. 5．Church bells pealed at the stroke of __________ (午夜)． otherwise property shelter sufficient midnight 课时作业(五) 27 6．There's only one seat so you'll have to sit on my l________． 7．A single m________ can infect a large number of people. 8．He is living now in his mother's home c________ of Oxfordshire. 9．He was rushed to the hospital by h________． 10．They've spent nearly a b________ dollars on it already. ap osquito ounty elicopter illion 课时作业(五) 28 Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．He was seen as a ________ (threaten) to the established order. 2．All of ________ sudden, the door closed and the lights went on. 3．Do you think this frog can turn ________ a prince? 4．I think you've just given me the _____________ (confident) to go through the plan. 5．Biological systems have been doing this for billions ________ years. threat a into confidence of 课时作业(五) 29 Ⅲ　单句表达 1．暴风雨如此猛烈，所有的电都断了。 It stormed _____________ all the electricity went out. 2．这种月饼很好吃，但无处可买。 This sort of moon cake is delicious, but it is ________________________． 3．她相信，保持忙碌有助于她保持积极的状态。 She believes that keeping busy helps her to ______________． so hard that nowhere to be bought stay positive 课时作业(五) 30 4．他说他一到家就给你打电话。 He said he'd phone you ________________ he got home. 5．一些具体问题还有待解决。 Some specific problems ________________ be solved. the moment have yet to 课时作业(五) 31 Ⅳ　阅读 The moment the ground stops shaking after an earthquake, some people may wonder whether their pets—or wild animals—had known the disaster was coming. 课时作业(五) 32 To get to the bottom of this question, Heiko Woith, a scientist at the German Research Centre for Geosciences, and his colleagues reviewed more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species, including insects, birds, fish, cats, dogs and cattle from 160 earthquakes. The records included all kinds of behavior, including a tiger that reportedly got depressed before an earthquake. The researchers found that 90 percent of all reported cases happened within 62 miles of the epicenter (震中) and within 60 days of an earthquake. Then, they examined when and where foreshocks had happened in the region and concluded that it was hard to say these animals could predict the earthquake itself. Rather, they were just responding to foreshocks. 课时作业(五) 33 “The space­time patterns of animal precursors (预兆) and foreshocks are strikingly similar，” Woith said. “From this, we concluded that the abnormal animal behavior might simply be related to foreshocks. These animals are just responding to foreshocks rather than predicting the earthquake. They don't have super power.” Despite the vast number of incidents, good information was little and scientific evidence is lacking. “A major surprise for us was that the large majority of published claims were built on poor observational data, which did not stand as statistical scientific proof，” Woith said. 课时作业(五) 34 To better study whether animals can predict earthquakes, Woith and his colleagues suggested that researchers ask a number of yes­or­no questions in any upcoming experiments, including “Is the experimental setup and monitoring procedure clearly described and reproducible？” and “Is it proven that the animal behavior is really unusual？” Meanwhile, humans are working on technologies that can detect earthquakes seconds before they hit. Hopefully, we will have such devices to warn people that an earthquake is coming. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出尽管地震过后有许多关于动物异常行为的报道，然而动物能够预测地震这种结论缺乏科学依据。 课时作业(五) 35 1．How did Woith conduct the study? A．By analyzing former reports. B．By observing animals' behavior. C．By collecting data in the earthquake. D．By comparing animals' different responses. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To get to the bottom ... among 130 species”可知，Heiko Woith (海科·沃斯)分析了很多之前的动物异常行为的报告来进行研究。故选A。 课时作业(五) 2．What is Woith's new finding? A．Tigers become depressed easily. B．Certain animals have super power. C．Some animals can react to foreshocks. D．Animal precursors are actually caused by their prediction of foreshocks. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“From this, we concluded that ... don't have super power.”可知，Woith的新发现是一些动物会对前震有反应。故选C。 课时作业(五) 3．What surprised the scientists in the study? A．Most cases of animal precursors of earthquakes happened within 60 days. B．There were too many reports about foreshocks. C．Some animals act strangely before earthquakes. D．Most previous reports lack enough data support. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“A major surprise for us ... statistical scientific proof(令我们惊讶的是，大多数发表的观点都是建立在匮乏的观察数据基础上的，这些数据不能作为统计科学证据)”可知，以前的大多数报告都缺乏足够的数据支持。故选D。 课时作业(五) 4．What is mainly talked about in the passage? A．How animals behave in earthquakes. B．Whether animals can predict earthquakes. C．What is the link between animals and earthquakes. D．Why people study animals' behavior in earthquakes. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段(地震发生后，当地面停止晃动的那一刻，一些人可能会想，他们的宠物——或者野生动物——是否知道灾难即将来临。)可知，文章主要讨论了动物是否能预测地震。故选B。 课时作业(五) Ⅴ　七选五 How to Prepare for and Survive a Flood Flooding is a common natural disaster around the world. __1__ If so, quickly review these flood safety guidelines to increase your chances of survival and protect your possession. Pay close attention to the radio, television, community announcements or your cellphone for official flooding updates. __2__ A flood watch means a flood is possible in your area. A flood warning means flooding is already occurring or will occur soon—and you should be prepared to leave the flood area. 课时作业(五) 40 __3__ Put at least three days of supplies for everyone in it, including water (one gallon per person per day), non­perishable (不易变质的) food, a flashlight, battery­powered radio, solar­powered phone chargers, extra batteries, a 7­day supply of medications. If you have time before you leave, secure your home. Bring in outdoor furniture. Move necessary items to the highest part of the upper floor of your home. Turn off all the appliances like TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air­conditioner. __4__ 课时作业(五) 41 Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water can sweep you off your feet. If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. __5__ If you come upon a flowing stream where water is above your ankles, stop, turn around and go another way. People underestimate (低估) the force and power of water. A．Have an emergency survival kit on hand. B．Are you in a frequently flood­stricken area? C．How to ensure your safety in a serious flood? D．Take as many useful furniture as possible when you leave. 课时作业(五) 42 E．Know the difference between a flood “watch” and “warning”． F．Use a stick to check the firmness of the ground in front of you. G．Do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。洪水是世界各地常见的自然灾害。文章主要介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施。 课时作业(五) 43 解析：下文“A flood watch means ... leave the flood area.(洪水预警意味着你所在地区可能发生洪水。洪水警报意味着洪水已经发生或即将发生，你应该做好离开洪水地区的准备。)”介绍洪水预警和洪水警报。E项(了解洪水“预警”和“警报”之间的区别。)引出下文，符合语境。故选E。 1．答案：B 解析：根据下文“If so ... protect your possession.(如果是，请迅速查看这些洪水安全指南，以增加你的生存机会并保护你的财产。)”可知，B项(你在一个经常遭受水灾的地区吗？)引出下文，符合语境。故选B。 2．答案：E 课时作业(五) 解析：根据上文“Turn off all the appliances like TV, refrigerator, washing machine, air­conditioner.”可知，应关掉家用电器。G项(如果你身体潮湿或站在水中，请勿触摸电气设备。)承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 3．答案：A 解析：设空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“Put at least three days ... supply of medications.”可知，本段介绍洪水到来时需准备的应急物品。A项(手边准备一个应急救生包。)概括本段主旨。故选A。 4．答案：G 课时作业(五) 5．答案：F 解析：上文“If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving.”讲到在水中行走时的注意事项。F项(用棍子检查你面前地面的牢固程度。)承接上文，进一步补充在水中行走应注意什么，符合语境。故选F。 课时作业(五) Ⅵ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was working in San Diego, California in the fall of 1981. I received a big operation in a hospital there due to an illness. The doctors had to put a steel stick in my body, which made breathing and moving around quite difficult. 课时作业(五) 47 After I felt much better and left the hospital, I was given two months' leave by my boss. I decided to go back to my home in Peoria, Illinois to recover. Knowing that, some of my colleagues kindly offered to accompany me home. I thanked them but declined, for I didn't want to trouble them. I usually went home in summer, so I didn't think to dress for the fall weather Illinois was having. A windbreaker was the warmest piece of clothing I wore when I started my journey home without telling my parents about my visit. Arriving in Chicago just minutes after the last bus to Peoria had left, I could either sleep in the cold, wet bus stop or take a bus that would pass by a bus station in Bloomington, just 30 miles from Peoria. Finally, I decided to go to Bloomington, thinking that it would be a short ride home the next morning. 课时作业(五) 48 As the bus moved towards Bloomington, it started snowing and the temperature began to drop, which greatly affected the traffic. Finally, when the bus dropped me off, I found the whole town was dark and that everything was closed. There I was, in pain at three in the morning, and it was snowing and extremely cold. My windbreaker didn't save me from the bad weather at all. “I should have worn a thick coat！” I thought, but it was no use regretting. I held my arms and legs close to my body in the doorway of the bus station, not having any idea what to do. The metal stick in my body and the cold air were making it almost impossible for me to breathe. I started to lose consciousness (意识)． 课时作业(五) 49 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Then I heard a gentle voice and saw a hand pulling me up. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ After getting home and resting for some days, I drove to Bloomington to find the man. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课时作业(五) 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因病手术后决定回到伊利诺伊州的家中休养。因错过最后一班公交决定在布卢明顿下车，下车后发现太晚了，整个城镇都黑了，所有的地方都关了门。寒冷让作者失去意识，是谁帮助了作者？作者找到那个帮助他的人了吗？ 课时作业(五) 51 [精彩范文] Then I heard a gentle voice and saw a hand pulling me up. He half carried and half pulled me until we reached a deserted house near the bus station. He laid me down on an old sofa and covered me with his coat immediately to keep me warm. Then he sat next to me and looked after me until I felt better. I thanked him, but being tired and weak, I fell asleep soon. When I woke up, the man had gone away, leaving some food and a cup of coffee for me. 课时作业(五) After getting home and resting for some days, I drove to Bloomington to find the man. I wanted to return the coat and do something to express my thanks for his kindness. However, the search was really difficult. I didn't know his address or even his name. I described what he looked like to the staff members of the bus station and drove around the town to find him, but nothing worked. It has been many years since then, but I will never forget the man who brought me warmth on that cold day. 课时作业(五) R $$