Unit 1 Period 5 Writing-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册作业与测评课件PPT（外研版2019）

WELCOME UNIT Unit 1　Knowing me, knowing you Period 5　 Writing 课时作业（ 六） 目录 CONTENTS 1 小精读 2 课时作业（六） Ⅰ　阅读 Most people enjoy variety. We like to eat different foods from meal to meal. We wear different clothes. We like to try new activities and visit new places. We become bored when there is little variety. Nevertheless, there's one place where we tend to dislike variety, and that's in each other. We often feel uncomfortable with people who practise different habits, or hold beliefs or values that we do not share. There are reasons for this. When we are exposed to new and different things, our brain works a bit harder than usual. When we're learning, our nerve cells require more resources, such as water, salt, and various other chemicals. This extra metabolic (新陈代谢的) activity can feel unsettling and unpleasant. And it can feel worse if our nervous system is already under pressure. 课时作业(六) This sort of variation may be uncomfortable for individuals, but it's critical to the survival of any species. If all finches (雀科鸣鸟) were identical, for example, and their environment changed in some significant, harmful ways, like an increase in the temperature or a decrease in water, all of them would be equally affected and the species might become extinct. This insight into variation comes from Charles Darwin, and it's known as population thinking. Most people associate Darwin with his evolutionary theory of natural selection, but population thinking may be an even greater scientific achievement. The idea of “survival of the fittest” implies that individuals must vary. Some are more suited than others for a given environment, making it easier for them to survive, grow, and reproduce. Variation is therefore a prerequisite for natural selection to work. 课时作业(六) 5 Dealing with the vast variety of humankind can be demanding and even annoying at times, but it's a good investment, sort of like exercise for your brain. When you meet someone who looks different or thinks differently from you, treat your discomfort as a cue to be curious and learn instead of a signal of a problem. Don't hold the view that the other person should be silenced. Ultimately, this mindset can make you more flexible in adapting to challenging situations, and more adaptable to change. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了为什么我们应该和不同的人相处并且给出了原因。 课时作业(六) 6 1．Which of the following might make people feel uncomfortable? A．Having an adventure in the wild. B．Taking a trip to a foreign country. C．Sharing traveling experiences with others. D．Socializing with people from diverse cultures. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We often feel ... we do not share.(我们经常对那些有不同习惯的人，或者持有与我们不同的信仰或价值观的人感到不舒服。)”可知，与来自不同文化背景的人交往会让人感到不舒服。故选D。 课时作业(六) 7 2．What does the second paragraph focus on? A．People's unwillingness to deal with new things. B．The significance of learning new things in our life. C．The biological explanations for people's discomfort. D．The role of the nervous system in learning new things. 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的中心句“There are reasons for this.(这是有原因的。)”及本段中的“our brain ..., our nerve cells ..., our nervous ...”可知，第二段主要讲述了人们感到不舒服的生物学解释。故选C。 课时作业(六) 8 3．What does the underlined word “prerequisite” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Requirement. B．Substitute. C．Motivation. D．Challenge. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The idea of ... survive, grow, and reproduce.”可知，适者生存法则表明，个体必须有所不同。因此，变异是自然选择起作用的先决条件。由此可知，prerequisite意为“先决条件，前提条件”，与requirement “必要条件”意思相近。故选A。 课时作业(六) 9 4．What does the writer mainly want to convey? A．Why we tend to chase and enjoy variation. B．How we can benefit from seeking variation. C．How we should treat the differences we find in others. D．Why we should get along with people different from us. 解析：推理判断题。通读文章，尤其是根据最后一段论述的和不同人相处的好处可推知，作者主要想表达的是为什么我们应该和不同的人相处。故选D。 课时作业(六) 10 Ⅱ　完形填空 When I was 14, I invited some friends for a party at my home out in the country. I planned it well, but something __1__ happened. When it was time for us to ride the bus, Nora, one of my friends, didn't __2__. I felt __3__. Why would she tell me she'd come to the party and then __4__ without letting me know? So I decided to call Nora and get some __5__. I needed no apologies but I demanded to know why. 课时作业(六) 11 Nora explained she had to stay away from school because she was sick. Anger still __6__ me and I __7__ to listen, “What kind of friend are you？” Nora began crying on the phone, hurt and surprised. For the rest of the school year, we __8__ hung around (溜达，闲逛) again, and I forgot about my __9__ call with Nora. __10__ had happened between us at some point, but I shrugged it off (对……满不在乎)． 课时作业(六) 12 Years later, I began to __11__ that ugly phone conversation. Now, I regretted it. I recognized how selfish and __12__ I'd been, caring only about myself. I wanted to make things __13__. I wrote an apology letter to Nora and soon got her __14__. So finally, we did bring a sad moment from the past to a __15__ conclusion, healing both of us. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为朋友Nora (诺拉)因病没有出席作者的聚会感到非常生气，在电话中说了过分的话，伤了Nora的心。多年后，作者回想起自己的所作所为十分懊悔，真挚地向Nora写了一封道歉信，并取得了Nora的原谅。 课时作业(六) 13 1．A.unlimited B．unexpected C．unfair D．unsure 解析：根据but及下文“Nora, one of my friends, didn't __2__”可知，作者把聚会安排得很好，但朋友Nora没有来，应当是出乎意料的事发生了。故选B。 解析： turn up “出现”；turn down “拒绝”；turn around “转身”；turn over “翻转”。根据下文“Why would she tell me she'd come to the party”可知，此处应为Nora没有出现。故选A。 2．A.turn up B．turn down C．turn around D．turn over 课时作业(六) 14 3．A.guilty B．embarrassed C．angry D．helpless 解析：根据下文“Why would she tell me she'd come to the party and then __4__ without letting me know？”可知，作者发现Nora没有出现后感到十分生气。故选C。 解析： reach out “伸出”；check out “结账”；back out “食言；违约”；break out “爆发”。根据上文Nora答应来参加聚会却没有来可知，Nora食言了。故选C。 4．A.reach out B．check out C．back out D．break out 课时作业(六) 15 6．A.announced B．seized C．fascinated D．represented 5．A.emotion B．comfort C．expectations D．answers 解析：根据下文“I needed no apologies but I demanded to know why.”可知，作者给Nora打电话，想要得到她为什么没有来的答案。故选D。 解析：根据上文“Anger still”可知，此处理解为愤怒控制了作者的内心。seize “侵袭；突然控制”。故选B。 课时作业(六) 16 7．A.decided B．intended C．pretended D．refused 解析：根据上文“Anger still __6__ me”可知，作者仍然十分生气，拒绝听Nora的解释。故选D。 解析：根据上文“Nora began crying on the phone, hurt and surprised.”可知，Nora被作者的话深深刺伤了，作者也对Nora十分不满，这一学期她们应当是很少一起闲逛。故选A。 8．A.barely B．equally C．regularly D．frequently 课时作业(六) 17 9．A.special B．hurtful C．random D．familiar 解析：根据上文“Nora began crying on the phone, hurt and surprised.”可知，作者忘掉了这个伤感情的电话。故选B。 解析：根据上文“Nora, one of my friends”可知，作者和Nora之间曾经是好朋友，存在过友谊。故选C。 10．A.Conflict B．Harmony C．Friendship D．Company 课时作业(六) 18 12．A.self­centered B．self­disciplined C．self­respected D．self­controlled 11．A.refer to B．reflect on C．date from D．complain about 解析： refer to “指的是”；reflect on “深思；反思”；date from “追溯到”；complain about “抱怨”。根据下文“Now, I regretted it.”可知，此处指作者开始深思那次令人不愉快的电话交谈。故选B。 解析：根据上文的selfish和下文的“caring only about myself”可知，此处作者认识到自己一直以自我为中心。故选A。 课时作业(六) 19 13．A.grateful B．significant C．generous D．right 解析：根据下文“I wrote an apology letter to Nora and soon got her __14__．”可知，作者想弥补错误。make things right为固定搭配，意为“纠正某件错事”。故选D。 解析：根据下文“So finally, we did bring a sad moment from the past to a __15__ conclusion, healing both of us.”可知，作者写了一封道歉信给Nora，并且很快得到了她的谅解。故选C。 14．A.excitement B．sympathy C．forgiveness D．relief 课时作业(六) 20 15．A.healthy B．romantic C．serious D．natural 解析：根据下文“healing both of us”可知，过去悲伤的时刻终于迎来了一个圆满的结局，把我们都治愈了。healthy在这里引申为“美满的，圆满的，健全的”。故选A。 课时作业(六) 21 Ⅲ　应用文写作 假设你是李华，学校英文网站开设了“Your words”专栏，收集学生对寓言故事的读后感。右图中是你小时候熟知的一则寓言故事，请根据故事内容写一篇英文读后感进行投稿。要点如下： 1．该故事的寓意； 2．怎样做一个诚信的学生(举例说明)； 3．你的看法(诚信的重要性)。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 课时作业(六) 22 Almost all of us heard the story “Here Comes the Wolf” when we were little kids. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课时作业(六) 23 [精彩范文] Almost all of us heard the story “Here Comes the Wolf” when we were little kids. Repeated lies made the villagers no longer believe the boy. So when the wolf really came, no one helped him, resulting in his sheep all dead. This is the result of the boy's own dishonesty, which also makes me understand the importance of honesty. How can we be honest students? Personally speaking, we must complete our homework carefully, instead of copying others' answers. In addition, whenever we make a mistake, admit it and ask for the forgiveness of others. In short, integrity is the foundation of being a great person. Only when we possess it can we truly live a happy life. 课时作业(六) 24 小精读 Allen came here today only because of Grandfather, who refused to use anything but bat (蝙蝠) waste to feed his crops. Grandfather had always come here by himself before. But recently he was too weak to do the whole job. Grandfather could gather the waste and bring it out in the basket, but he needed Allen to pull it home in the wooden cart (手拉车)． 小精读 26 On arrival, Grandfather took a shovel (铁铲), a flashlight and the basket from the cart. “Would you come inside with me？” he asked Allen. Allen hadn't been in the cave for nearly two months. Not since the Terrible Day of the Bats. “It won't happen again, Allen，” Grandfather promised. “That time it was my mistake to wait until nearly dusk (黄昏) to go inside. I know that the bats fly out of the cave at sunset.” That was exactly what happened on the Terrible Day of the Bats. As Allen was standing at the entrance, a large group of bats suddenly flew from it. Allen was frightened. “Bats hurt no one，” Grandfather said. “Besides, you shock them as much as they do you.” 小精读 27 But nothing could make Allen forget the horror he had felt enclosed (被包围) in that black cloud of bats. “I can't go in there，” he answered. “OK，” Grandfather said. As he started to go into the cave, he called over his shoulder, “I'll be out in no time.” Allen looked quickly at the shovel and flashlight inside the cart—his shovel and flashlight. He used them back in the days when he always helped Grandfather. Now they only reminded him of his fear. Allen walked down to the river, sitting and watching the fishermen in their small boats. Suddenly, Allen realized that Grandfather's “no time” had turned into a long time. Had he somehow missed Grandfather? Had Grandfather pulled the cart home by himself? Allen hurried up the hill toward the cave. The cart was there. Grandfather was still inside. Something must have gone wrong, Allen thought. He had to go in, but he didn't dare. 小精读 28 “I must take action right now，” Allen said to himself. He was dead scared. His hand was shaking so much that the beam of his flashlight bounced. “Grandfather！” Allen yelled. The darkness around him exploded. Bats were dancing around—thousands of them. Allen covered his face with his arms. Somehow, Allen remembered Grandfather's words “Bats hurt no one.” Allen plucked up the courage, yelling again and again, “Grandfather！” 小精读 29 “Where is Grandfather in the cave，” Allen wondered. Finally, through the noise of flying bats, he heard a weak answer. Following Grandfather's voice, Allen came to Grandfather's side. “I slipped and twisted my ankle，” Grandfather said. “Here, Grandfather，” said Allen. “Lean on me.” Slowly, Allen helped Grandfather outside. Then Allen went to fetch Grandfather's flashlight, shovel, and the basket filled with bat waste. This time, he kept his head. Minutes later, Allen returned. Glancing back at the black mouth of the cave, he smiled, “You were right, Grandfather. Bats hurt no one.” 小精读 30 恰好；正是如此 惊吓的；受惊的；害怕的 马上，立刻 提醒某人某事 小精读 31 Allen plucked up the courage, yelling again and again, “Grandfather！” yelling为现在分词作__________，pluck up the courage意为“____________”。 伴随状语 鼓起勇气 小精读 32 第一步： _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二步： __________________________________________________________________ 第三步： __________________________________________________________________ Allen(艾伦)陪爷爷去山洞取蝙蝠粪便来给爷爷的庄稼当肥料。由于Allen害怕蝙蝠，爷爷只能一个人进了山洞。 Allen发现爷爷很久没有出来，意识到爷爷遇到了危险。 Allen鼓起勇气进入山洞救出了爷爷，发现蝙蝠其实也没那么可怕。 小精读 33 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 勇气是克服恐惧的关键。你需要培养勇气，勇敢面对内心的恐惧。也许，事情并没有你想象中的那么可怕。 小精读 34 R $$