Unit 8 Section Ⅳ Lesson 3-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册作业与测评word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3 课时作业(五) Ⅰ　完形填空 Every year about 40，000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro (乞力马扎罗山), the highest mountain in Africa. They __1__ with them lots of waste. The __2__ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the face of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I'm __3__ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences. However, I soon __4__ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of __5__ among tons of rubbish. I find a __6__ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are __7__ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be __8__． The best of a Kilimanjaro __9__， in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are __10__ as spiritual places by many cultures. This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as __11__ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) within a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends suddenly at 3，000 meters, __12__ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather __13__— low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I counted twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4，000 meters is the highland desert: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. __14__ you climb into an arctic­like zone with permanent (永久的) snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear. Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists __15__ the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以作者的所见所闻，讲述了人们对乞力马扎罗山自然环境造成的破坏和做出的补救工作。 1．A.keep B．mix C．connect D．bring 答案：D　根据语境可知，此处指登山者们带来很多垃圾。故选D。 2．A.stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters 答案：C　设空处与上文“40，000 people”对应，指大量前来登山的人。故选C。 3．A.silent B．doubtful C．serious D．crazy 答案：B　从破折号后的句子可知，其他地方似乎要比乞力马扎罗山更显纯净，让作者对乞力马扎罗山这个地方产生了怀疑。故选B。 4．A.discover B．argue C．decide D．admit 答案：A　根据下文可知，作者亲眼目睹了环境的改造情况，此处指作者发现(discover)很多情况发生了改变。故选A。 5．A.equipment B．grass C．camps D．stones 答案：C　根据常理推测，一般是在人们扎营地的周围垃圾最多，因此此处指关于营地(camp)垃圾堆积的相关报道。故选C。 6．A.clean B．quiet C．tall D．faraway 答案：A　根据上文的“much has changed”以及设空后营地和路旁都有厕所可推知，山峰是比较干净的。故选A。 7．A.new B．special C．significant D．necessary 答案：C　根据之前山上垃圾堆积的情况可知，此处指挑战是很重大的(significant)。故选C。 8．A.fading away B．spreading out C．carrying on D．paying off 答案：D　此处用转折连词but与前句句意形成转折，表示挑战很严峻，但努力会带来好结果(pay off)。故选D。 9．A.atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight 答案：B　根据设空后“reaching the top”可知，此处指一次乞力马扎罗山的体验(experience)。故选B。 10．A.seen B．observed C．explored D．studied 答案：A　此处指山被视为心灵圣地。be seen as “被视为，被当作”。故选A。 11．A.scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials 答案：B　根据下文对生态系统具体的描述可知，此处指登山者们一路向上。故选B。 12．A.holding on to B．going back to C．setting out to D．giving way to 答案：D　根据常识可知，此处指3，000米以上环境中雨林被低矮植物所替代。give way to “为……所替代”。故选D。 13．A.changes B．clears C．improves D．permits 答案：A　设空后具体说明了天气的变化情况，因此此处指天气变化(change)。故选A。 14．A.Obviously B．Easily C．Absolutely D．Finally 答案：D　根据语境可知，这里描述到了山的最顶部，此处指最后(finally)你登上了像北极一样的山顶地带。故选D。 15．A.keeping B．ruining C．replacing D．creating 答案：B　此处指众多游客慕名来到乞力马扎罗山，会破坏(ruin)这里的祥和安宁。故选B。 Ⅱ　阅读 A Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library, a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand. Each bike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride”—the name of the city's bike­sharing programme. Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow. To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station. Members can rent one of 1，200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota's largest city. People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths. The rise of bike­sharing programmes like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving. Skyrocketing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets, pump air into flat tires, and hit the road. Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise, but switching from a car to a bike also cuts down the amount of pollution in the air. Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas linked to climate change, is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a car's tail pipe. Bike­sharing systems are found around the world in cities like London, Paris, Barcelona, and Melbourne. The largest programme—with 70，000 bikes—is in Wuhan, China. To make roads friendlier to non­motorists, the US Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years. The money went towards building thousands of miles of on­street bike lanes and pedestrian­only passages called greenways. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个城市自行车共享的项目，鼓励人们骑车出行，减少污染。 1．Which of the following can people do with the bikes? A．Earn a living. B．Enjoy bikeways. C．Compete in a race. D．Rent them out to others. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths.”可知，人们用自行车可以去工作，谈生意或享受城市的自行车道。故选B。 2．Which of the following is TRUE of Nice Ride? A．China has better public bike systems than it. B．It will take the place of taxi companies. C．It attracts more people to choose biking. D．The government lacks money to support it. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The rise of bike­sharing programmes like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving.”可知，像Nice Ride这样的共享单车项目的兴起，正吸引更多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车。故选C。 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Benefits of biking. B．Pollution caused by cars. C．Methods to use the bikes. D．Measures to decrease pollution. 答案：A　段落大意题。根据第四段前两句“Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise, but switching from a car to a bike also cuts down the amount of pollution in the air.”可知，骑自行车不仅可以锻炼身体，还能减少汽车有害气体的排放，有助于环保。所以第四段主要是关于自行车的益处。故选A。 4．What is the author's purpose in writing this text? A．To seek advice for Nice Ride. B．To compare Nice Ride with libraries. C．To raise money for bike­sharing programmes. D．To introduce the bike­sharing system in public places. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据首段第二句“Each bike is designed with the logo ‘Nice Ride’—the name of the city's bike­sharing programme.”可知，每辆自行车的设计都带有“Nice Ride”的标志，这是该市共享单车项目的名称。结合全文对Nice Ride的具体介绍可判断出，作者的写作目的是介绍公共场所的共享自行车系统，故选D。 B A parent posted on Reddit last week that her son's school is now “zero waste”. In order to save money on the trash (垃圾) service, school leaders have taken away the trash cans. She wrote, “They are not taking any other method to reduce waste; they are just preventing the children from using the trash can. All their lunch waste must go home with them in their lunch box.” Reactions were quick and fierce, with 333 people commenting on the thread that is now closed. Some supported the original (最初的) poster, saying they'd tell their kids to throw the trash on the floor if trash cans weren't provided. Most, however, challenged the parent's perspective,__telling her that this isn't a bad thing and sharing their own experiences of schools and day camps that have been zero waste for years. One advised, “Get a lunch bag and then pack small bread sticks, cut fruits, pasta salads etc. and then use a reusable bag for sandwiches.” Another said, “My kid's school is zero waste. Always has been. They bring their lunch waste home. It's never been a thing. If anything, it makes me a bit more mindful of how school lunches are packed.” My children's school has always told us to pack waste­free lunches, but trash cans are still being used. I do think, though, that their presence is a crutch (拐杖) of sorts. Until we are truly forced to fight with the waste produced by our habits, we won't be active to change them. By forcing kids to take their trash home, the school is not creating a real problem for kids and parents, just an inconvenience, because they all have trash cans at home. But the movement does need to start from the bottom, perhaps within individual classrooms at first, before being put upon tired, overworked parents. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要陈述了人们对学校采取零垃圾政策的看法。 5．How did the parent feel when writing the post? A．Confused. B．Angry. C．Satisfied. D．Hopeful. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“They are not taking ... go home with them in their lunch box.(他们没有采取任何其他的方法来减少垃圾；他们只是在阻止孩子们使用垃圾桶。他们所有的午餐垃圾必须要用自己的午餐盒带回家。)”可推知，这位家长对学校的这种政策是不满的。故选B。 6．What does the underlined word “perspective” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Patience. B．Behavior. C．Opinion. D．Intelligence. 答案：C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“telling her that this isn't a bad thing and sharing their own experiences of schools and day camps that have been zero waste for years(告诉她，那不是一件坏事情，并分享他们自己学校和一日夏令营已经进行了几年零垃圾的经历)”可知，此处为其他家长在反驳这位家长的观点。由此可知，画线词意为“观点”。故选C。 7．What advice is mentioned in the passage? A．Taking the right amount of food. B．Sharing the lunch with other students. C．Thinking of good ways to pack the lunch. D．Encouraging children to eat up the lunch. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段“One advised, ‘Get a lunch bag and then pack small bread sticks, cut fruits, pasta salads etc. and then use a reusable bag for sandwiches.’(有一人建议说，‘找一个午餐袋，装上小面包棒、切好的水果、意大利面沙拉等，然后用一个可重复使用的袋子来装好三明治。’)”可知，此处给出了一些包装午餐的建议。故选C。 8．Why does the author think of the trash cans as a crutch? A．People can't live without trash cans. B．They are of great use in our daily life. C．They help people develop a zero­waste lifestyle. D．Their presence allows the possibility of wasting. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“I do think, though ... we won't be active to change them.(不过，我确实认为，它们的存在是一种依赖。除非我们真正地被迫与因为我们的习惯而产生的垃圾作斗争，我们不会主动改变。)”可推知，垃圾桶的存在和使用允许了存在垃圾的可能性。故选D。 Ⅲ　应用文写作 假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。你市正在实施垃圾分类，请你给21st Century投稿。内容包括： 1．垃圾分类的好处； 2．你打算如何做； 3．你的倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage classification Dear editor， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [精彩范文] Dear editor， I'm Li Hua, a student from Fuxing International School. In order to deal with waste scientifically and effectively, our city has started to promote garbage classification this year. I approve of the new idea completely because it can not only reduce the harm done to the environment but also save resources through recycling. As a responsible citizen, I'll try to learn basic knowledge about how to sort garbage and apply what I learn to practice. Meanwhile, I'll tell people around me about the importance and necessity of the program, which will inspire them to classify garbage voluntarily. Let's get involved in this program. I believe that through joint efforts the Earth will become a cleaner and more comfortable place to live in. Yours， Li Hua 【持续背记】 ①Everything has its time and that time must be watched. 万物皆有时，时来不可失。 ②Life is a trip full of chances and challenges. 人生是一场充满机遇与挑战的旅程。 ③With its vivid description of the life of ancient Chinese people, the book will be of interest to a wide range of readers. 因其对中国古人生活的生动描述，这本书将会吸引一大批的读者。 【持续积累】 课时作业(六) [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．I couldn't reach the ________ (踏板) on her bike. 答案：pedals 2．Few people had trod this ________ (小道) before. 答案：path 3．The whole thing is here, complete ________ (跟踪), guidance, communication and landing controls. 答案：tracking 4．There is no ________ (停放) here between 9 am and 6 pm. 答案：parking 5．He's only 17 and ________ (因此) not eligible to vote. 答案：therefore 6．At last, after twenty hours on the boat, they arrived at their d________． 答案：destination 7．They watched the bus d________ into the distance. 答案：disappear 8．I've had the b________ of a good education. 答案：benefit 9．His parents won't a________ him to stay out late. 答案：allow 10．You should put more e________ into your work. 答案：effort Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．It was all over ________ a matter of minutes. 答案：in 2．The population has increased ________ 1.2 million to 1.8 million. 答案：from 3．No one is ________ (allow) to speak aloud in the reading room. 答案：allowed 4．Not ________ (know) what to do, he went to his parents for help. 答案：knowing 5．________ (leave) alone at home, John didn't feel frightened at all. 答案：Left 6．That's the only reason I'm ________ (actual) going. 答案：actually 7．The software enables you ________ (access) the Internet in seconds. 答案：to access 8．It is very ________ (convenience) to pay by credit card. 答案：convenient 9．The plane ________ (disappear) behind a cloud. 答案：disappeared 10．The city is providing free ________ (transport) to the stadium from downtown. 答案：transportation Ⅲ　单句表达 1．我很惊讶他能想出这么好的主意。 I was amazed that he'd ________________ such a sweet idea. 答案：come up with 2．大气球注入压缩空气后，几秒钟便膨胀了起来。 With a supply of compressed air, the large balloon inflated ______________________． 答案：in a matter of seconds 3．他有足够多的时间赶飞机。 He had ________________ to catch his plane. 答案：plenty of time 4．几乎没人知道他是个艺术家。 He ______________________ an artist. 答案：is little known as 5．一听到这个消息，所有学生都激动起来。 On hearing the news, all the students ________________． 答案：got excited [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 Friends are important to children. Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life. Friendship provides children with more than just fun. In making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems. Having friends even does good to children for they can help each other during class. If the parents are concerned about whether their children make many friends, they need to understand the steps children take in building friendships. First of all, be a friend to your child. Good friendships start at home. Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents. Teach children how to solve conflicts (争端). Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others. If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own and help if necessary. Parents should try to give children chances to practice staying together. Having children play games requires cooperation. For example, races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork. Encourage children to show thanks to others. The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。朋友对孩子们来说非常重要，父母应该鼓励孩子多交朋友。 1．According to the article, if one child has no friend, he will ________． A．have some trouble in the future B．worry about everything in the future C．not know the importance of making friends D．not find anybody to help him 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life.”可知，没有朋友的孩子会在将来遇到困难。故选A。 2．Friendship can be helpful to the children EXCEPT ________． A．providing a lot of fun B．getting in touch with others C．solving the problems D．helping to cheat in the exams 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“Friendship provides children with more than just fun. In making friends, children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems.”可知，友谊可以让孩子们有很多乐趣，学习和别人相处，及解决问题。但是这不包括帮助别人作弊。故选D。 3．When the children have conflicts with each other, parents should ________． A．let them fight with each other until they find who is the winner B．do nothing to the children and believe in their abilities C．let them work it out by themselves and help if necessary D．talk with them and try to find good ways to stay together 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“If parents know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own and help if necessary.”可知，当孩子有冲突的时候，父母应该让他们自己解决，如果有必要的话再提供帮助。故选C。 4．From the text, we can know a good friend should know how to ________． A．fall in love with each other B．show thanks to others C．exchange their presents D．ignore their differences 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Encourage children to show thanks to others. The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them.”可推知，作为朋友应该知道如何去表达感谢。故选B。 Ⅱ　七选五 How to Stay Active Living in a City? Staying in a city is a great way to live a safer and easier lifestyle. __1__ And you can try finding ways to stay active in your everyday life. Here are some suggestions for you. Travel by bike instead of by car to get to places Though cars seem faster, you can see more of the city by riding a bike. Check and see if your city has any bike roads that allow you to travel more safely. __2__ Join a local sports club to stay healthy Search online or look through your local newspaper to see if there's a sports club near you. Although sports clubs are a bit expensive, you can use some special equipment (设备) to keep healthy. Run to stay in shape __3__ Running can also be a great choice for going from place to place. Whenever you go out, make sure that you're running in comfortable shoes. Join in city activities to meet new people Search online or look at your local community (社区) center to see what events are going on, like yoga classes or cooking classes. __4__ Search for green spaces to spend time regularly Check the area near your home to see if you have any city green spaces, such as community gardens, public parks, or sports fields. __5__ A．Take advantage of the Internet to help you. B．Staying in the countryside is more peaceful. C．Traveling by bike can make you more active. D．If you don't feel like driving or biking, it doesn't matter. E．City living provides you with a lot of chances to stay healthy. F．Just keep in mind that these events can make you meet new people. G．Try to visit green spaces at least once a week to increase your happiness and be active. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们描述了在城市中保持积极生活的一些方法。 1．E　根据上文“Staying in a city is a great way to live a safer and easier lifestyle.”可知，生活在城市里是过上更安全、更舒适的生活的好方法。E项(城市生活给你提供了很多保持健康的机会。)承接上文，进一步说明在城市生活的好处。故选E。 2．C　根据本段小标题和上文“Though cars seem faster, you ... to travel more safely.”可知，是在说明用骑自行车的方式出行，C项(骑自行车出行可以使你更积极。)承接上文继续说明骑自行车这一出行方式。故选C。 3．D　根据本段小标题和下文“Running can also be a great choice for going from place to place.”可知，是在说明除了开车或骑自行车之外的另一种出行方式——跑步。D项(如果你不想开车或骑自行车，那没关系。)引出下文。故选D。 4．F　根据本段小标题“Join in city activities to meet new people(参加城市活动，结识新朋友)”以及上文“Search online or look at your local community (社区) center to see what events are going on, like yoga classes or cooking classes.”可知，是在建议去参加一些可以结识新朋友的活动，如瑜伽课或者烹饪课等。F项(记住，这些活动能让你结识新朋友。)承接上文。故选F。 5．G　根据上文“Check the area near your home to see if you have any city green spaces, such as community gardens, public parks, or sports fields.”可知，查看你家附近是否有城市绿地，如社区花园、公园或运动场。G项(至少每周一次去参观这些绿地，从而增加你的幸福感，以及保持积极。)承接上文，且其中的“green spaces”与上文对应。故选G。 Ⅲ　语法填空 Taking this volunteer trip to the Wildlife Sanctuary project was something I had wanted to do for several years. Unfortunately, I was busy with work. As __1__ result, it was always something that I “might” do “eventually” rather than actually doing. Then, I decided it had to happen because it was of great __2__ (important) to me. I made preparations, booked my trip, and slightly hesitantly headed off to the airport. Literally after one day of volunteering, I was already regretting only having two weeks to stay. Every day was amazing and full of incredible __3__ (experience). The days flew by because we were so busy working on the farm, hanging out and making new friends, and learning about the wildlife in a hands­on manner. __4__ reality, the actual project was exciting and the people I met were similarly incredible. It's crazy that in just a few weeks you can develop friendships that seem like you __5__ (have) for years. Leaving can make people sad, but still, I can't recommend the trip enough to anyone __6__ is considering it. I'm sure they will fall in love with it. Besides, volunteering can be really __7__ (benefit) to people. Having arrived home, I already miss my days that __8__ (fill) with things related to South Africa. I find __9__ (I) constantly looking back at photos. I look forward to __10__ (take) another trip. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者去非洲参加保护野生动物项目的经历。 1．a　考查冠词。as a result “结果……”。故填a。 2．importance　考查词性转换。该空前great为形容词，此处应用important的名词。be of great importance to sb “对某人非常重要”。故填importance。 3．experiences　考查名词。根据句意可知，该句中experience意为“经历”，为可数名词，又因为其前面没有冠词，应用其复数。故填experiences。 4．In　考查介词。in reality “事实上”。句首首字母大写。故填In。 5．have had　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语for years可知，应用现在完成时。主语为第一人称I，故填have had。 6．who　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且先行词为anyone，应用关系代词who。故填who。 7．beneficial　考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作系动词be的表语。故填beneficial。 8．were filled　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作定语从句的谓语，与关系代词that之间为被动关系，且that指代days，为复数；又因为句中在非洲的日子为过去时，故填were filled。 9．myself　考查代词。该空在句中作宾语，且指代主语本身，应用反身代词。故填myself。 10．taking　考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to为介词，设空处应用动名词作其宾语。故填taking。 【持续背记】 ①The importance of traffic safety cannot be over emphasized. 交通安全的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过。 ②Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 ③The clear blue sky was dotted with fluttering larks. 湛蓝的天空点缀着飞舞的云雀。 【持续积累】 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$