单元综合检测(4)（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

单元综合检测(四) (时间：100分钟　满分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·安庆高一期末)For children, space is magical—a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children's books about space and the solar system. Mae among the Stars by Roda Ahmed This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid's collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up. Space by Libby Jackson This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser­known scientific achievements related to space exploration. Chasing Space by Leland Melvin This is Melvin's story about being a football player­turned­astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full­color photographs. System and Beyond by David A．Aguilar The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids' space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award­winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard­Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 1．What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common? A．They include less­known astronauts. B．They tell about scientists' childhood. C．They cover women exploring space. D．They are suitable for children of all ages. 2．Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments? A．Roda Ahmed's. B．Libby Jackson's. C．Leland Melvin's. D．David A．Aguilar's. 3．What is unique to System and Beyond? A．It has beautiful pictures. B．It tells about space artists. C．It has won many grand awards. D．It was written by an astronomer. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。 1．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据Mae among the Stars by Roda Ahmed部分中的第二、三句“It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space.”，以及Space by Libby Jackson部分中的第一句“This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day.”可知，这两本书的共同之处是都涉及探索太空的女性。故选C。 2．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据Chasing Space by Leland Melvin部分中的“Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full­color photographs.”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被Leland Melvin的书吸引。故选C。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据System and Beyond by David A．Aguilar部分内容可知，这本书的独特之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家，能为读者提供专业的观点和见解。故选D。 B (2024·钦州高一检测)Researchers concerned with space exploration say they have discovered new evidence that Mars once had a large northern ocean. The discovery adds to existing evidence that the ancient Mars had the right conditions to possibly support some form of life. Today, any water on Mars is believed to be in the form of ice because of the planet's extremely cold desert temperatures. But there is a rich amount of evidence suggesting that rivers, lakes and even oceans once existed on Mars. A study by the American space agency NASA suggested that about 4.3 billion years ago, Mars likely had an ocean that covered nearly half of Mars' northern hemisphere(半球). Another NASA­supported study guessed that about 3 billion years ago, the climate in much of the planet's northern hemisphere was very similar to today's Earth. The study noted that at that time, Mars likely had a much thicker atmosphere than today and had an active northern ocean. Two American researchers recently released a set of maps to provide new environmental evidence of a large ancient ocean on Mars' low­lying northern hemisphere. The team collected data from satellite images and photos of Mars. They then combined them to create maps of the planet's northern hemisphere. Using the maps, the researchers were able to piece together evidence of shorelines that sat at the edge of a huge body of water about 3.5 billion years ago. The researchers published their findings in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. Benjamin Cardenas, an assistant professor at The Pennsylvania State University, was a co­writer of the study. He said the study's findings showed the possible ocean in that area of Mars was changeable and interesting. “It was dynamic(动 态 的). The sea level rose significantly, ” he said. “Rocks were being deposited(沉积) along its basins at a fast rate. There was a lot of change happening here.”Besides, Cardenas suggested the new study also provided useful information on Mars' ancient climate and developmental history. “Based on these findings, we know there had to have been a period when it was warm enough and the atmosphere was thick enough to support this much liquid water at one time，” he said. 4．How does the author develop Paragraph 2? A．By drawing comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By listing figures. D．By asking questions. 5．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the researchers? A．How they found the evidence. B．Where they created maps. C．Why they studied satellites. D．When they landed on Mars. 6．What did the new study find about Mars? A．It must have been always warm. B．It might have had an active ocean. C．The climate and sea level were unchangeable. D．The atmosphere was too thin to support water. 7．Which section of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Science. B．Photography. C．Literature. D．Farming. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。关注太空探索的研究人员表示，他们发现了新的证据，证明火星北部曾存在海洋。 4．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A study by the American space agency NASA suggested that about 4.3 billion years ago ...the climate in much of the planet's northern hemisphere was very similar to today's Earth.” 可知，列举了NASA关于火星的两项研究。由此可推知，第二段是通过举例子来展开的。故选B。 5．A　[解析]主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，该小组从火星的卫星图像和照片中收集数据。然后，他们将这些数据结合起来，绘制出火星北半球的地图。利用这些地图，研究人员发现了海岸线的证据。故这段主要告诉我们两名研究者是如何找到证据的。故选A。 6．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He said the study's findings showed the possible ocean in that area of Mars was changeable and interesting ... There was a lot of change happening here.” 可知，这项新研究发现火星上可能曾有活跃的海洋。故选B。 7．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段内容可知，本文介绍了研究人员发现了新证据，证明火星上可能曾经存在一片巨大的海洋。由此可推断，这篇文章有可能来自杂志的科学版块。故选A。 C (2024·北海高一检测)Two far­off planets are likely made of water, according to a research team led by Caroline Piaulet. They're “unlike any planets found in our solar system”． The system they studied is called Kepler­138 because it's located within the field of vision of NASA's Kepler spacecraft. Researchers have known about the existence of three outer planets within the Kepler­138 system, but have only just discovered two of them are likely made out of water. They also discovered evidence for a fourth planet that hadn't been described before. But the finding isn't as clear as it might seem. The scientists didn't directly discover water at planets Kepler­138c and Kepler­138d. Instead, they compared the sizes and masses of the planets to models for comparison. When doing so, they found that “up to half of their volume(体积) should be made of materials that are lighter than rock, but heavier than hydrogen or helium(氦)”． “We previously thought that planets that were a bit larger than Earth were big balls of metal and rock，” said Björn Benneke, the study's co­author. “However, we have now shown that these two planets, Kepler­138c and d, are quite different in nature and that a big part of their entire volume is likely made up of water.” The high temperatures on these planets mean they might be enveloped in an atmosphere of steam, according to NASA.“The temperature in Kepler­138d's atmosphere is likely above the boiling point of water, and we expect a thick atmosphere made of steam on this planet，” Piaulet said. “Only, under that steam atmosphere there could possibly be liquid water at high pressure.” The “water worlds” are outside their star's habitable place—the area in which temperatures allow liquid water on the surface of a rocky planet, possibly supporting life. But the new planet described by the researchers, Kepler­138e, does fall into that just­right area, according to the research. 8．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? A．Add some background information. B．Summarize the previous paragraphs. C．Provide some advice for the readers. D．Introduce a new topic for discussion. 9．What do we know about Kepler­138d from the text? A．It is a little smaller than Earth. B．It is heavier than a rocky planet. C．It is like a planet in the solar system. D．It probably has high­pressure liquid water. 10．Which of the following may support life according to the text? A．Kepler­138c. B．Kepler­138d. C．Kepler­138e. D．A fourth planet. 11．How does the author support the theme of the text? A．By using examples. B．By stating study results. C．By describing processes. D．By making comparisons. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。经过观测，研究人员发现两颗系外行星的主要成分可能是水。 8．A　[解析]推理判断题。第二段主要介绍了该项发现的背景。由此可推知，作者在第二段主要是为了提供背景信息。故选A。 9．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Only, under that steam atmosphere there could possibly be liquid water at high pressure.”可知，开普勒­138d行星可能含有高压液态水。故选D。 10．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the area in which temperatures allow liquid water on the surface of a rocky planet, possibly supporting life. But the new planet described by the researchers, Kepler­138e, does fall into that just­right area, according to the research.”可知，开普勒­138e正处在宜居带，可能存在生命。故选C。 11．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Two far­off planets are likely made of water, according to a research”、第二段中的“Researchers have known about the existence of three outer planets within the Kepler­138 system, but have only just discovered two of them are likely made out of water.”以及最后一段中的“But the new planet described by the researchers, Kepler­138e, does fall into that just­right area, according to the research.”可知，作者通过陈述相关研究结果来支撑文章主题。故选B。 D Exciting new research suggests there could be living things in the clouds above Venus(金星)，whose orbit brings it closer to the Earth than any other planet.A study of Venus' atmosphere shows a type of gas is in its atmosphere.The gas，on the Earth，is only produced by very small creatures.If such creatures are found on Venus，it might be the first evidence of life existing somewhere else in the universe. Scientists found the gas in thick clouds about 35 miles above Venus' equator(赤道).On the Earth，the gas is produced by special forms of life that live in airless environments such as swamps(沼泽).It can also be made in factories but neither explanation helps scientists to understand what the gas is doing on Venus. To get to the bottom of the mystery，the scientists have now made their data public in the hope that others may be able to find a clue that they have missed.Professor Greaves explained that the gas might be produced by some non­living natural process that we haven't yet discovered，but for now，the idea of life on Venus has to be considered.She added，“In my whole career，I have been interested in the search for life elsewhere in the universe，so I'm just blown_away that this is even possible.We are sincerely encouraging other people to tell us what we might have missed.This is how science works.” If scientists on the Earth are unable to find an explanation，then a future mission to Venus might be needed to prove whether or not life exists there.The US space agency NASA is already planning an exploration that they would float on a balloon through the clouds of Venus，and this could be launched sometime in the 2030s. 12．What can we know about Venus according to Paragraph 1? A．The thickness of its clouds. B．The existence of a kind of gas. C．The distance from it to the Earth. D．The exact temperature of its atmosphere. 13．Why have the scientists made their data public? A．To seek others' help to find the truth. B．To change the wrong conclusion before. C．To prove the existence of life on Venus. D．To announce their successful experience. 14．What does the underlined phrase “blown_away” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Impressed. B．Confused. C．Grateful. D．Doubtful. 15．What's the best title for the text? A．Can Humans Live on Venus? B．Is What the Scientists Said Right? C．Is There a Possibility of Life on Venus? D．Can a Kind of New Gas Be Found on Venus? 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家在金星大气层中发现了一种与生命活动相关的气体，从而推测金星上可能有生命存在。 12．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“A study of Venus' atmosphere shows a type of gas is in its atmosphere.”可知，科学家在金星的大气层中发现了一种气体。故选B。 13．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“To get to the bottom of the mystery，the scientists have now made their data public in the hope that others may be able to find a clue that they have missed.”可知，科学家们希望其他人能够找到他们忽略的线索，所以公开了他们的数据。故选A。 14．A　[解析]词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“In my whole career，I have been interested in the search for life elsewhere in the universe”可知，Greaves教授一直对探索外星生命很感兴趣，所以金星上可能存在生命这件事应该会给她留下深刻的印象，故可推知blow away应该是“给……留下深刻印象”的意思，与A项impressed意思相近。故选A。 15．C　[解析]标题概括题。通读全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“If such creatures are found on Venus，it might be the first evidence of life existing somewhere else in the universe.”可知，本文讲述了科学家在金星大气层中发现了一种与生命迹象相关的气体，所以C项“金星上有存在生命的可能性吗？”适合作为本文标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个选项为多余选项。 (2024·泰州高一检测)It sounds like something from science fiction—a space journey into the vast expanse of space, heading towards Mars.While we're not quite ready to put a person on the land, the question we ask today is：16.______ The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve the first in spaceflight.The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1, an artificial satellite, before anyone else.17.______ Now it appears that Mars is the heaven body of desire.While the reputation and bragging(吹嘘) rights to be the first nation to touch down is an obvious draw, there are other reasons we want to get there. 18．______ You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding another habitable planet.While Mars doesn't have the right conditions to call it home just yet, there's always the concept of terraforming(地球化)—changing the environment of a planet to meet our needs. However, not everyone agrees.19.______ He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth. It seems the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial(地球外的) life.20.______ But now seemingly dead, the potential fossils could answer questions about our own evolution and that of our planet.One theory is that bacterial life on our planet didn't start here, but was transferred via asteroid(小行星) from Mars. A．And the US landed on the Moon first. B．Leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them. C．One of these could be the survival of our species. D．Why are so many countries interested in going to Mars? E．It has been believed that, at one time, Mars was filled with life. F．Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the stars is reason enough. G．May landing on Mars inspire more people to become interested in science? 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多国家对登陆火星感兴趣的一些原因。 16．D　[解析]空前描述了人类尚未准备好将人送上火星，但接下来要讨论的是关于火星的某个问题。空处应该是一个疑问句，与登陆火星有关，D项“为什么这么多国家对去火星感兴趣？”符合语境，提出疑问，承接上文。故选D。 17．A　[解析]上文介绍美国和苏联的太空竞赛，描述苏联所取得的成就，空处应该与美国所取得的成就有关，A项“美国第一个登陆月球”符合语境。故选A。 18．C　[解析]上文指出人类想登陆火星还有其他原因，空后提到了恐龙石化的遗骸，并暗示了寻找另一个宜居星球的好处，表明人类想登陆火星的理由与人类的生存有关，C项“其中一个原因可能是人类的生存”适合作为段首句，引出段落内容，同时承接上文，其中的survival和下文的habitable呼应。故选C。 19．B　[解析]上文“However, not everyone agrees.”指出并非所有人都同意将其他星球地球化，下文具体描述一名反对者的看法，空处应该与有反对者有关，B项“著名天体物理学家奈尔·泰森就是其中之一”承上启下，其中的Neil Tyson是下文He所指代的对象。故选B。 20．E　[解析]上文介绍寻找外星生命的理由，空后提到了火星上可能存在的化石可以解答关于地球和我们自身演化的问题。由此推测，空处应该与外星生命有关。E项“人们相信，火星曾经存在过生命”承上启下，且at one time呼应下文中的now。故选E。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet，and centuries to __21__ our neighboring planets.Nowadays，new worlds are being __22__ every week. Up to the present time，astronomers have __23__ more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting(绕……运动) outer space stars(恒星) other than our sun.There is a “hot Saturn(土星)” 260 light years from Earth that orbits its parent star so __24__ that a year there lasts less than three days.__25__ another star 150 light years out is a burning “hot Jupiter(木星)”， where upper atmosphere(大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet­like tail.Astronomers have found another three __26__ orbiting a pulsar(脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking(收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the __27__ of a city.Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns.Others have been thrown out of their __28__ to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe. Among all these，scientists are eager to find a clue to the __29__ planets like the Earth.That is，planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to __30__ life as we know it.We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own，__31__ because they're inconspicuous(不起眼的).To see a planet as __32__ and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display.__33__ by pushing the __34__ of technology，astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth.And when they do，they can examine it for __35__ of life. 21．A.explore B．separate C．forget D．defend 22．A.revised B．discovered C．saved D．created 23．A.travelled B．damaged C．recognized D．ignored 24．A.slowly B．easily C．wrongly D．rapidly 25．A.Removing B．Circling C．Lighting D．Showing 26．A.stars B．moons C．planets D．satellites 27．A.type B．distance C．power D．size 28．A.authorities B．species C．systems D．facilities 29．A.familiar B．previous C．unknown D．distant 30．A.hide B．discover C．injure D．support 31．A.luckily B．instantly C．probably D．officially 32．A.small B．bright C．blue D．clear 33．A.And B．Yet C．So D．Thus 34．A.limits B．ends C．opposites D．beginnings 35．A.examples B．designs C．means D．signs 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”以及人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。 21．A　[解析]根据下文内容可知，作者介绍了邻近的星球，由此可推知，这些发现应该是探索的成果。explore探索；separate分离； forget忘记； defend保卫。故选A。 22．B　[解析]根据句中new worlds可知，随着人类的不断探索，应该是有新的世界被发现。revise修改，复习；discover发现；save拯救；create创造。故选B。 23．C　[解析]根据下文hot Saturn以及hot Jupiter可知，下文介绍的是其他“系外行星”，由此可推知，句中指天文学家已经识别出370多颗“系外行星”。travel旅行；damage损坏； recognize认出，辨别出；ignore忽视。故选C。 24．D　[解析]根据句中a year there lasts less than three days可知，在那里一年的持续时间不到(地球上的)三天，由此可推知，“热土星”绕其母星运行的速度是很快的。slowly慢速地；easily容易地；wrongly错误地；rapidly迅速地。故选D。 25．B　[解析]根据上文“There is a ‘hot Saturn’ 260 light years from Earth that orbits its parent star”中的orbits可知，句中应用circle，意为“环绕；围着……转圈”，指围绕150光年外的另一颗恒星运行的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。remove移开，去除；light点燃；show展示。故选B。 26．C　[解析]根据上文exoplanets可知，本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”，由此可推知，句中另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的星球是行星。 star恒星；moon月亮；planet行星；satellite人造卫星。故选C。 27．D　[解析]根据句中a once huge star可知，这里介绍的是恒星的大小，由此可推知，句中指“缩小成如城市大小的小原子核”。关键词是huge。type类型； distance距离；power权力，能力； size大小。故选D。 28．C　[解析]根据空后“become ‘floaters’ that float in the darkness of the universe”可知，其他行星成为飘浮在黑暗宇宙中的“飘浮物”，由此可推知，这些行星是被赶出了它们所在的星系。authority权力，权威； species物种；system体系，系统； facility设施。故选C。 29．A　[解析]根据空后的planets like the Earth可知，我们渴望找到“像地球这样熟悉的行星”的线索。familiar熟悉的；previous以前的；unknown未知的； distant遥远的。故选A。 30．D　[解析]根据空前的neither too hot nor too cold可知，“既不太热也不太冷”的条件应该是可以维系人类生存的。hide隐藏；discover发现； injure伤害； support支持。故选D。 31．C　[解析]根据空后的because they're inconspicuous可知，“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因，因为是推测，所以应用probably。luckily幸运地；instantly立即；officially官方地。故选C。 32．A　[解析]根据空后的a firefly in a fireworks display可知，在烟花表演中的萤火虫是渺小的，不容易被看到，由此可推知，微小的行星在其恒星的光亮中是不起眼的。and前后连接并列成分。small小的；bright明亮的； blue蓝色的；clear清楚的。故选A。 33．B　[解析]根据下文astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth可知，上下文为转折关系，上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，下文说天文学家离找到另一个地球的那一天越来越近，由此可推知，应用连词yet，表转折。and和；so所以；thus因此。故选B。 34．A　[解析]根据句意和生活常识可知，应该是随着技术的发展，天文学家有可能找到另一个地球，由此可推知，句中指不断超越技术的极限。limit限制，极限；end结尾；opposite对立面；beginning开端。故选A。 35．D　[解析]根据上文内容可知，天文学家正在寻找与地球相似的星球，由此可推知，当他们找到时，他们要勘测那些星球是否有生命迹象。example例子； design设计；means方法；sign迹象。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China launched the Shenzhou­17 manned spaceship from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China on Oct.26，2023. A Long March­2F carrier rocket, carrying the Shenzhou­17 spacecraft with three Chinese astronauts, 36.__________(know) as taikonauts, on board, blasted off at 11：14 a．m. Beijing Time. About 10 minutes after the launch, the spaceship separated 37.__________ the rocket and entered its pre­determined orbit with the crew in good condition, 38.__________(mark) the launch as a complete success, announced the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). This is 39.__________ 30th flight mission of China's manned space program, all of 40.__________ are successful, and the 12th manned mission of the program. The Shenzhou­17 crew, with Tang Hongbo as the commander and Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin as the 41.__________(operator), is scheduled to stay in orbit for about six months. The trio is known as the country's 42.__________(young) lineup by average age—with Commander Tang at 48, Operator Tang at 34, and Jiang at 35—since the space station's 43.__________(construct) began. The Shenzhou­17 crew 44.__________(undertake) a series of tasks, and evaluated the 45.__________(function) performance of the space station assembly. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了神舟十七号载人飞船的成功发射。 36．known　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：北京时间上午11点14分，搭载三名中国航天员的神舟十七号载人飞船的长征二号F遥十七运载火箭点火发射。know修饰前面的astronauts，know 和astronauts之间为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填known。 37．from　[解析]考查介词。句意：约10分钟后，神舟十七号载人飞船与火箭成功分离，进入预定轨道，航天员乘组状态良好，发射取得圆满成功。separate from 表示“与……分离”。为固定搭配。故填from。 38．marking　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处应填非谓语动词，结合语境，此处mark“标志着”应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填marking。 39．the　[解析]考查冠词。句意：此次任务是我国载人航天工程立项实施以来第30次飞行任务，也是第12次载人飞行任务。序数词前用定冠词the。故填the。 40．which　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“介词＋of＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句。故填which。 41．operators　[解析]考查名词的数。句意：神舟十七号航天员乘组由汤洪波、唐胜杰和江新林三名航天员组成，汤洪波担任指令长。飞行乘组将在轨驻留约6个月。Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin均为operator。故填operators。 42．youngest　[解析]考查形容词的比较等级。结合语境可知，此处表示“中国最年轻乘组”，用形容词的最高级形式。故填youngest。 43．construction　[解析]考查名词。分析句子结构可知，由the space station's可知，此处应该用名词形式，构成名词短语the space station's construction。故填 construction。 44．undertook　[解析]考查动词的时态。结合语境和下文evaluated可知，应用一般过去时。故填undertook。 45．functional　[解析]考查形容词。此处形容词作定语修饰performance。故填functional。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 学校英文报开展了以“Space Explorations，YES or NO？”为主题的讨论。请你根据以下讨论结果写一篇短文投稿。内容包括以下要点： 1．赞成观点：寻找新家园，有助于科技进步； 2．反对观点：浪费钱，不安全； 3．你的观点。 注意： 1．词数 80 左右； 2．标题与开头已写好，不计入总词数。 Space Explorations, YES or NO? Recently, a discussion was organised by our school's English newspaper about outer space explorations.___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Space Explorations, YES or NO? Recently,_a_discussion_was_organised_by_our_school's_English_newspaper_about_outer_space_explorations. Some of us hold that it is important to explore the space because it is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out. In addition, exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways too. However, others think differently. They say this kind of exploration is much too costly. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work. In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the space are worth trying out. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My husband camped every summer as he was a child. He was feeling homesick for camping, so after we got married, he invited me to join him. Since then, we have had wonderful camping experiences. With a tent, we set off for California's Big Sur Coast. On the first night, I stayed awake, worrying that a gang of naughty little creatures would break into our tent and dive into our snacks. By the second night, my imagination calmed down and I started to get the hang of it. And by the third day, I was hooked. It was refreshing and relaxing to stay close to nature. We've been camping ever since. Of course, later, with our children. We made wonderful family camping memories for the past years: Songs and talent shows by the campfire under the stars. Meals beneath a canopy of trees. Hikes to lakes and waterfalls. Some of our memories are funny, while some are a little adventurous, especially when our children were little. Once, when we camped along Chalk Creek, I was fascinated by the stunning beauty that surrounded us. But, I was worried that our 15­month­old boy would fall into the creek(小溪). Though its maximum depth was about two inches, I wasn't about to take chances. I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, his crying letting the whole campground know it. So instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It worked—he didn't end up in the creek. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms moved in fast in the mountains, quickly interrupting our peaceful morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to start the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： The storm grew at an alarming speed.________________ _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： For 10­year anniversary, we bought a camper for the summer camping._________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： The storm grew at an alarming speed. With enormous waves approaching straight for us, we had no choice but to sit there helplessly. We were just about to give up when a fisherman turned up. Despite the tough situation, he managed to help us back to the harbor. We were relieved, admitting it was a close thing. However, this incident didn't stop us from camping. We just made more preparations in case of any emergency. For the following years, we weathered more storms while enjoying more blue skies and starry nights. Paragraph 2： For 10­year anniversary, we bought a camper for the summer camping. It was well­equipped with all the necessities of life, which would make our camping trip more enjoyable. We also made thorough plans for the coming summer. Guess where we would go? The Big Sur Coast—it was the place where it all started for me. I was so excited that I could hardly wait to show our children the beautiful coastline. Filled with a sense of excitement and anticipation, we were looking forward to the fun or adventure. We, as a family, love these family­bonding camping moments, embracing the nature in person. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$