内容正文:
UNIT 9 LEARNING
(主题语境:人与自我——学习)
Section Ⅰ Topic talk & Lesson 1
栏目索引
基础 自测过关
课文 阅读释疑
核心 要点探究
语法 专项突破
随堂 实践应用
基础 自测过关
geometry
approach
partner
automatic
inner
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outer
flexible
unlikely
dinosaur
data
ignore
reflect
assume
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argue
promote
exist
impression
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be based on
work out
in short
attempt to
at the heart of
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思考
温习;复习
争吵
最后;最终
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If not
as
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It is true that
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课文 阅读释疑
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ask questions
answer questions actively
have a discussion
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英语 必修 第三册 B
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The text is mainly about active learning and how to take an active role in learning.
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to
understanding
an
questions
to
working
to achieve
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英语 必修 第三册 B
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truth
disliking
from
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核心 要点探究
approach
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at
solving
at the approach of
is approaching
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英语 必修 第三册 B
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brush up on
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brush up on my lessons
brush away the tears
brushes off easily
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 9 LEARNING(主题语境:人与自我——学习)
reflect on
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reflect on your successes
in
from
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assume
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to be
It
assumption
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end up agreeing with
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to
in
with
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promote
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to
was promoted
promotion
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working out
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out
as
for
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attempt to
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to leave
an
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exist
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exists
existing
on
in
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impressions
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with
with
impression
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as I am doing
as you grow older
Old as he is
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so
If possible
if ever
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语法 专项突破
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动词的ing
动词不定式
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stealing
being caught
smoking
making
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to finish
to like
to go
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to recover
to do/doing
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tried doing it
forget to say
regret to say
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随堂 实践应用
approaching
partner
attempted
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automatic
exist
dinosaurs
ignored
inner
data
outer
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reflection
with
to be
in
as
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at
If
assumption
impression
of
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brush up on his history
On/Upon reflection
argue him into joining us
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was promoted to
work out the problem
made an attempt to convince her
attempted to convince her
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to plant
going
opening
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to have
to swim
giving
looking/to be looked
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to do
to bring
to have
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allow smoking
to give up smoking
hearing from you
eating anything
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to go shopping
choose to fly
mean doing
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谢谢观看!
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.重点单词)
1.________ adj.几何(学)
2.________ n.方法
3._______ n.搭档;同伴
4._________ adj.自动的;无意识的
5._____ adj.内部的
6._____ adj.外部的,外面的
7.________ adj.灵活的,可变通的
8.________ adj.不大可能的
9.________ n.恐龙
10.____ n.资料;数据
11.______ vt.忽视;置之不理
12._______ vt.反映;反射 vi.思考→reflection n.反射;反省,想法
13.______ vt.假定,假设→assumption n.假定,假设
14._____ vi.争辩,争吵→argument n.理由;依据;争论,争辩
15._______ vt.促进;提升→promotion n.提升;晋升;促销
16._____ vi.存在,生存→existence n.存在,生存
17.impress vt.使……印象深刻;使……铭记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→__________ n.印象
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.重点短语)
1.___________ 以……为根据
2.________ 弄懂某事物;计算出;锻炼身体
3.________ 总而言之;简单地说
4.__________ 尝试
5._______________ 在……的中心
6.reflect on ______
7.brush up (on) ___________
8.argue with ______
9.end up doing _____________
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.核心句型)
1.as引导的方式状语从句
If you find your inner voice difficult to control,you can argue with it __ most active learners do.
如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制,你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
2.if not省略结构
______,at least you have “listened to” another point of view.
如果不是这样的话,至少你听过另一种观点。
3.It+be+adj.+that...
_______________ we cannot help disliking some people—this is human nature,after all.
的确,我们禁不住讨厌某些人——毕竟这是人类的本性。
[单词巧记]
Ⅰ.语境助记一词多义
He attempted to finish his homework on time.But he failed in his attempt.
他试图按时完成作业。但他的尝试失败了。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1.名词后缀:sion,ence
impress (v.)→impression (n.)
exist (v.)→existence (n.)
2.形容词后缀:ible
flex (v.)→flexible (adj.)
access (v.)→accessible (adj.)
3.否定前缀:un
likely (adj.)→unlikely
fair (adj.)→unfair
happy (adj.)→unhappy
[短语助记]
Ⅰ.“(做)某事的方法”荟萃
the approach to (doing) sth.
the way to do/of (doing) sth.
the means of (doing) sth.
the method of (doing) sth.
Ⅱ.“总之”短语大冲关
in all 总共,合计
in a word 总之
in short 总之
all in all 总而言之
in conclusion 总之,最后
in sum 总而言之
in summary 概括起来
一、读文清障
词块解惑
①assume vt.认为;假定,假设
②automatic adj.自动的;无意识的
③by itself 单独地;自动地
④take part in 参与;参加
⑤reflect vi. & vt.仔细思考;表达(意见);反映
reflect on 思考
⑥suggest doing sth.建议做某事
⑦take an active role in 在……中扮演积极的角色
⑧inner adj.内部的
⑨outer adj.外部的;外面的
⑩get in the way 妨碍,阻碍
⑪keep doing sth.继续作某事
⑫too much 太多
⑬pay attention to 注意;重视
⑭risk doing 冒险做
⑮focus on 集中于;专注于
⑯in the background 在后面;在幕后
⑰in this way 用这种方法;这样
⑱make decisions 作出决定
⑲argue vi.争论,争吵
argue with 与……争吵
⑳think about 考虑
(flexible adj.灵活的,可变通的
(end up doing 最后;最终
(agree with 同意;与……意见一致
(after all 毕竟;终究
(if not 如果不;否则
(promote vt.促进;增进
(work out 弄懂某事;计算出
(in short 总而言之;简单地说
(attempt to 尝试
(at the heart of 在……的中心
(unlikely adj.不大可能的
(be based on 以……为根据
(dinosaur n.恐龙
(exist vi.存在;实际上有
(data n.资料;数据
(find out 查出,查明
(no matter how 不管怎样
(miss out on 错过
(ignore vt.忽视;置之不理
(cannot help doing 禁不住;不得不做
(learn from 向……学习
(impression n.印象;感想
(separate...from...
将……与……分开
教材原文
ACTIVE LEARNING
by Kevin Daum
Most people assume① that the human brain is set on “automatic②” eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(1)))—that means it learns all by itself③.But this isn't always true.We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in④ the learning process and to reflect⑤ on what we have learnt eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(2))).These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”.I suggest doing⑥ five things to take an active role in⑦ your learning eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(3))).
1 Listen to the outer voice
There are two kinds of voices:the inner⑧ voice and the outer⑨ voice.Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions,while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(4))).Although your inner voice can be useful eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(5))),it can also get in the way⑩ of learning.If you keep paying⑪ too much⑫ attention to⑬ it eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(6))),you risk missing⑭ important information.Instead,active learners are openminded and focus on⑮ what the speaker/writer is saying eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(7))),not on what their brain is saying in the background⑯ eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(8))).In this way⑰,they are in a better position to make decisions⑱.
2 Argue with your inner voice
If you find your inner voice difficult to control eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(9))),you can argue⑲ with it as most active learners do eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(10))).When your inner voice tells you a speaker/writer is wrong eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(11))),think about⑳ why the speaker/writer may be right. eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(12))) Be flexible( in your opinions and you might end up( agreeing with( the speaker/writer after all(.If not( eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(13))),at least you have “listened to” another point of view.
3 Ask questions
Asking questions eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(14))) is the easiest way to promote( active learning.When you get information from someone,from books or the Internet eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(15))),ask two,three,even five questions about the topic.The answers will lead you to further learning,and the very act of working out( questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic.In short (:Do not stop being curious. eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(16)))
4 Get to the truth
Active learners do not accept everything they learn eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(17))).They attempt to( find the truth at the heart of( each idea.Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely( eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(18))) ,there may be an aspect of it that is based on( truth eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(19))).So if someone says that dinosaurs(still exist( today eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(20))),think about why they believe this eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(21))).Where does the idea come from?Do they have enough data(to support their views?If you try to find out( the source of an idea eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(22))),no matter how( crazy it seems eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(23))),you will increase your chance of learning something.
5 Focus on the message
Many people miss out on( learning opportunities because they let their feelings get in the way eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(24))).They refuse to learn or ignore( what is said because of who the speaker/writer is eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(25))).It is true that we cannot help disliking( some people eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(26)))—this is human nature,after all.But do not forget you can still learn from( them eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(27))).Active learners do not judge people based on first impressions (or personal feelings.Instead,they separate the message from( the messenger.This goes the other way as well—do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(28))).
句式释疑
eq \x(1) 宾语从句。
eq \x(2) what引导的宾语从句。
eq \x(3) 不定式短语作目的状语从句。
eq \x(4) while引导的从句与前一个句子之间是对比关系。同时,其中还包含一个what引导的宾语从句。
eq \x(5) although引导的让步状语从句。Although引导让步状语从句时不与but连用。
eq \x(6) if引导的条件状语从句。
eq \x(7) 宾语从句。
eq \x(8) 宾语从句。
eq \x(9) if引导的条件状语从句。
eq \x(10) as引导的方式状语从句。
eq \x(11) when引导的时间状语从句,其中包含一个宾语从句。
eq \x(12) why引导的宾语从句。
eq \x(13) 省略句。
eq \x(14) 动名词短语作主语。当动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数第三人称形式。
eq \x(15) when引导的时间状语从句。
eq \x(16) 祈使句。
eq \x(17) 省略了关系词that的定语从句,修饰先行词everything。
eq \x(18) when引导的时间状语从句。
eq \x(19) that引导的定语从句。
eq \x(20) if引导的条件状语从句。
eq \x(21) why引导的宾语从句。
eq \x(22) if引导的条件状语从句。
eq \x(23) no matter how引导的让步状语从句。
eq \x(24) because引导的原因状语从句。
eq \x(25) what引导的宾语从句,其中because of后接一个由who引导的宾语从句。
eq \x(26) 主语从句,it是形式主语,而真正的主语是that we cannot help disliking some people。
eq \x(27) 宾语从句。
eq \x(28) 宾语从句。其中because of后由一个who引导的宾语从句who they are和because引导的原因状语从句。
二、语篇研读
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.Prereading)
1.Discussion—Look at the following pictures and discuss what active learners do.
①_____________ ②_________________________
③_________________
2.Predicting—Look at the pictures and read the title of the passage on Page 52,53 and predict what the text is probably about?
__________________________________________________________________
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.Whilereading)
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Most people believe that ________.
A.we need to train ourselves to be better learners
B.the human brain learns all by itself
C.we need to actively take part in the learning process
D.it isn't always true that the human brain is set to be “automatic”
2.How many suggestions are given in the text to take an active role in learning?
A.Five.
B.Four.
C.Three.
D.Six.
3.Which one is the easiest way to promote active learning?
A.Listening to the outer voice.
B.Arguing with your inner voice.
C.Asking questions.
D.Getting to the truth.
4.What can we learn from the text?
A.The outer voice expresses your personal opinions.
B.Active learners focus on what their brain is saying in the background.
C.Active learners accept everything they learn.
D.Active learners don't judge people based on first impressions or personal feelings.
答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.Postreading)
Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Anyone can be an active learner if he/she trains automatically.Active learners don't pay too much attention 1.__ the inner voice because it can stop them from fully 2._____________ (understand) what they're hearing or reading.To be 3.__ active learner,you can also react to your inner voice,for example,arguing with your inner voice,and questioning your point of view.Ask as many 4._________ (question) as you can because the answers will lead you 5.__ further learning,and the way of 6._______ (work) out questions will help you 7.__________ (achieve) a higher level of understanding about the topic.
Don't accept everything you learn and try to find the 8._____ (true) at the heart of each idea so you can understand why people believe this.Finally,don't let your feelings get in the way when you're learning.Even if you cannot help 9._________ (dislike) some people,you may still be able to learn 10.____ them.
1.[教材原句P50]What is your learning ________ to it?
你的学习方法是什么?
approach n.方法;途径;接近;接洽 v.靠近;接近;接洽
(1)at the approach of 在……快到的时候
an approach to doing sth. (做某事)的方法
be approaching 快到了
make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人
(2)approach sb. on/about sth. 就某事与某人洽谈(商量、交涉)
①Many birds fly south __ the approach of winter.
冬季来临之时,许多鸟飞向南方。
②We need to try other approaches to _______ (solve) the problem.
我们需要尝试其他解决这一问题的方法。
③Students are delighted __________________ the summer vacation.
→As the summer vacation ______________,students are delighted.
随着暑假临近,学生们开始高兴起来。
④Did Mary approach you on/about lending her some money?
玛丽找你商量过有关借钱给她的事吗?
2.[教材原句P108]But I still need to ___________ some language points.
但是我还需要温习一些语言点。
brush up (on) 温习;复习
brush up against 轻轻触到;遇到
brush away 刷去
brush off 刷掉;不理;漠视
①I'll ______________________ before the exam.
考试前我要好好复习一下功课。
②She never loses heart when she brushes up against setbacks.
她遭受挫折时从不灰心。
③I had to ____________________ from my eyes.
我的双眼涌满泪花,我只好赶紧擦掉。
④Mud __________________ when it is dry.
泥巴干了容易刷掉。
3.[教材原句P52]We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in the learning process and to __________ what we have learnt.
我们需要训练自己成为更好的学习者——积极地参与学习过程并反思我们所学到的东西。
reflect vi.&vt.仔细思考;表达(意见);反映
(1)reflect on 思考
be reflected in 映在……中
reflect...from... 从某物表面反射(光、热、声等)
(2)reflection n.反思;反射;映像
on/upon reflection 仔细想起来,反省起来
①You should set aside some time to _________________________ and failures.
你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。
②The monster's awful face was reflected __ the mirror.
这个怪物可怕的脸映在了镜子中。
③The light is reflected ____ the moon.
光从月球反射出来。
④She decided on/upon reflection to accept his offer after all.
经过审慎的思考,她还是决定接受他的提议。
4.[教材原句P52]Most people ______ that the human brain is set on “automatic”...
大多数人认为人的大脑是“自动”运行的……
assume vt.认为;假定,假设
(1)assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is assumed that... 被认为……
(2)assuming (that)... 假设/假定……
(3)assumption n.假定;设想
①I assume him _____ (be) the cleverest boy in this class.
我认为他是这个班最聪明的男孩。
②__ is assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
一般认为,压力是过重工作所致。
③Assuming that you are right,we'll make a great deal of money from the project.
假定你是正确的,那我们将会从这项工程中赚得许多钱。
④A lot of people make an __________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
许多人认为贫穷只存在于第三世界。
5.[教材原句P53]Be flexible in your opinions and you might ____________________ the speaker/writer after all.
在你的观点上要灵活(flexible),你最终(end up)可能会同意说话者/作者的观点。
end up doing 最后;终于
end up doing sth.结果做某事
end up with... 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
end up in... 以……结束(后接抽象名词或表示地点的名词)
end up as... 最终成为/变成……(后接表示身份、职务的名词)
end up+adj.以……(状况)而告终
bring an end to sth.=bring sth.to an end 使……结束
put an end to sth.结束,消除
come to an end 结束
in the end 最终,终于
at the end of 在……尽头;在……末端
by the end of 到……结束时;到……时候为止
①Amid the boom of firecrackers a year has come to an end,and the spring wind has wafted warm breath to the wine.
爆竹声中一岁除,东风送暖入屠苏。
②After two hours, they brought an end _____the meeting.
两个小时过去了,他们结束了会议。
③The exploration ended __ failure.
这次探险活动以失败告终。
④If you take the time and effort to do this,you'll end up ____ more friends.
如果你花时间和精力去做这件事,你最终会有更多的朋友。
6.[教材原句P53]Asking questions is the easiest way to _______ active learning.
问问题是促进(promote)主动学习最简单的方法。
promote vt.促进,增进
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
promote sth.as sth.把……提升为……
be promoted to... 被提升为……
get promotion 获得晋升
(2)promotion n.提升;提拔;晋升;促进,推销
①Promoting traditional festivals helps spread such knowledge about our national history.
推广传统节日有助于传播关于我们国家的历史知识。
②She worked hard and was soon promoted from a saleswoman __ a manager.
她工作努力,不久就从一名销售员被提升为经理。
③Because of his good performance,he ____________ (promote) to a higher position in the company.
由于他的良好表现,他被提升到公司的更高职位。
④After many attempts she eventually managed to get _________ (promote).
她经过多次的努力,终于得到了提升。
7.[教材原句P53]The answers will lead you to further learning,and the very act of ___________ questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic.
答案将引导你进一步学习,而解决(work out)问题的行为将帮助你达到对主题的更高层次的理解。
work out 弄懂某事物;计算出;锻炼身体;解决
work for 为……工作,为……做事
work with 与……共事,与……合作
work on 从事……,继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
work as 充当,作为……而工作
out of work 失业
at work 在工作;在干活
①Scientists are still working on/at inventing methods of reaching outer space.
科学家们仍致力于发明到达外层空间的方法。
②The law to be carried out next month will benefit those who are ___ of work.
下个月实施的法律将使那些失业的人受益。
③His father worked __ a teacher in the school many years ago.
许多年前他父亲在这所学校当老师。
④I have had to work ___ every single penny I earned.
我挣的每一便士都是辛苦工作得来的。
8.[教材原句P53]They __________ find the truth at the heart of each idea.
他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。
attempt to 尝试;试图
attempt at doing sth. 努力做某事;企图做某事
make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
①He attempted ________ (leave) but was stopped.
他试图要走,但被拦住了。
②The boys made __ attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents.
男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。
③He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at the first attempt.
他第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试,因而得意洋洋。
9.[教材原句P53]So if someone says that dinosaurs still _____ today,think about why they believe this.
所以如果有人说恐龙今天仍然存在,想想他们为什么相信。
exist vi.存在;实际上有
(1)existence n.存在;生存
come into existence 产生;成立;开始存在
in existence 存在
(2)exist in 存在于……之中
exist on 靠……为生
There exists/existed... 某地有……;存在……
①There ______ (exist) a good way to solve the ________ (exist) problem in geography.
解决当前存在的地理问题,有一个好的方法。
②Do you know when the Marriage Law came into existence?
你知道婚姻法是什么时候开始实行的吗?
③He could hardly exist __ such a low wage.
靠这么低的工资他几乎无法生存。
④Some substances unknown are __ existence naturally.
一些未知的物质是自然存在的。
10.[教材原句P53]Active learners do not judge people based on first ___________ or personal feelings.
主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断一个人。
impression n.印象;感想
(1)be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on/upon sb.=impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事
(2)make/leave a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的
①The girl impressed her friend ____ her sense of humor.
这个女孩以她的幽默给她的朋友留下深刻印象。
②My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
→My father impressed me ____ the value of hard work.
我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。
③The new teacher made a good __________ (impress) on the students by her rich knowledge.
那位新老师以丰富的知识给同学们留下了很好的印象。
11.[教材原句P53]If you find your inner voice difficult to control,you can argue with it as most active learners do.
如果你发现自己内心的声音难以控制,你可以像大多数积极的学习者一样与之争辩。
[句式点拨] 句中as引导方式状语从句。
(1)引导方式状语从句,意为“如同;按照……的方式”。
(2)引导时间状语从句,意为“随着……;当……的时候”。
(3)引导原因状语从句,“因为,由于”。
(4)引导让步状语从句,“虽然,尽管”。
①When in Rome do as the Romans do.
[谚语]入乡随俗。
②Will you please do the experiment ______________?
请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗?
③You will grow wiser _________________.
随着年龄增长你会变得越来越聪明。
④She may need some help as she is new here.
她可能需要一些帮助,因为她是新来的。
⑤____________,he still jogs every day.
尽管他上了年纪,仍然每天慢跑。
12.[教材原句P53]If not,at least you have “listened to” another point of view.
如果不是这样的话,至少你听过另一种观点。
[句式点拨] 句中If not为固定省略结构,意为“如果不是这样的话”。
if not相关类似结构:
if so 假如这样的话
if any 即使有(任何)……
if ever (即使有……也)极少,难得
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
①They think she may try to phone.If __,someone must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话,就得有人守在这儿。
②There are few people nowadays,if any,who remember him.
当今记得他的人,如有的话,也不多了。
③___________,let me know beforehand.
如果可能,可在事前通知我。
④He seldom,_______,goes to the movies by himself.
他不会,即使有也很少,单独去看电影的。
接动词ing形式或不定式作宾语的动词
在英语中有些动词后习惯跟动词ing作宾语;有些动词后习惯跟动词不定式作宾语。
阅读下列句子,观察谓语动词后的宾语形式。
①Hearing the news,he couldn't help crying.
②I practice playing the piano twice a week.
③I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.
④We arranged to meet at the station but she didn't turn up.
⑤He decided to put an advertisement in the newspapers.
⑥Bill applied to join the police last week,but he wasn't tall enough.
[自我归纳]
(1)动词can't help,practice,consider后跟______________作宾语。
(2)动词arrange,decide,apply后跟____________作宾语。
一、接动词ing形式作宾语的动词
You'd better finish doing your homework tonight.
你最好今晚完成家庭作业。
Would you mind doing me a favour?
你介意帮我个忙吗?
If my boss asks me to do such kind of thing any more,I'll give up working.
如果我老板再要我做这样的事,我就辞职不干了。
I'm looking forward to seeing you.
我盼望着见到你。
The doctor advised taking more exercise.
医生建议多锻炼。
有些动词和动词短语后常用动词ing形式作宾语。如:
allow/permit 允许 consider 考虑
suggest/advise 建议 finish 完成
imagine 想象 practice 练习
enjoy 喜欢 miss 错过,怀念
prevent 阻止 forbid 禁止
escape 避免 include 包括
forgive/pardon/excuse 原谅 avoid 避免
can't help 禁不住 deny 否认
admit 承认 fancy 设想;想做
keep 保持 mind 介意
risk 冒险 can't stand 不能忍受
feel like 想要 insist on 坚持
delay/put off 推迟 give up 放弃
be busy 忙于 be worth 值得
look forward to 盼望,期待
[名师点津] 接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag.P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。
[妙语诠释] 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是:m=mind,r=risk,s=succeed in,p=practice,b=be busy,l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can't help,k=keep on,m=miss,i=insist,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,a=avoid,b=be devoted to,e=escape,e=excuse,f=forbid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The boy refused to admit ________ (steal) my money.
②The bird was so lucky that it just missed ____________ (catch).
③We don't allow _______ (smoke) in the classroom.
④My job doesn't include ______ (make) coffee for the boss.
二、接不定式作宾语的动词
Can you afford to lend me some money?
你能借一些钱给我吗?
We've decided to hold a meeting.
我们决定召开一个会议。
He demanded to know the truth.
他要求知道事实真相。
He determined to learn French.
他决定学法语。
英语中有些动词后接另一个动词作宾语时,该动词习惯上要用不定式形式,而不用动名词形式,这类动词及短语有:
afford 负担得起 agree 同意
appear 似乎 arrange 安排
ask 要求 attempt 试图
choose 选择 decide 决定
expect 期待 fail 失败
help 帮助 intend 打算
learn 学习 manage 设法
offer 主动提出 plan 计划
persuade 说服 pretend 假装
promise 答应 refuse 拒绝
seem 似乎 long 渴望
wish 希望 determine 决心
refuse 拒绝 want 想要
would like/love/prefer 想要
[名师点津] 接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
[妙语诠释]
三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:pretend,choose
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①How did you manage _________ (finish) it so soon?
②He pretended _______ (like) us,but he didn't.
③Less and less people can afford _____ (go) abroad for their holidays.
三、接动词ing形式或不定式作宾语意思区别不大的动词
From then on,you started to work/working for yourself.
从那时起,你开始了为自己工作。
They continued to argue/arguing till after midnight.
他们继续讨论直到午夜以后。
有些动词后跟动词ing形式和跟不定式作宾语均可,意义没有多大区别,常用的动词有:begin(开始);start(开始);continue(继续);intend(打算;想要)。
[名师点津] 动词need,require,want作“需要” 解时,其后用动词ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语,这时动词ing的主动形式表被动意义。
Your coat wants washing.=Your coat wants to be washed.
你的外套需要洗了。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①He was beginning __________ when he had another attack.
他正在开始恢复时,突然病又发作了。
②What do you intend ___________ when you get to this place?
你打算到这里干什么?
四、接动词ing形式或不定式作宾语意思不同的动词
My father tried to cheer me up.
父亲努力让我振作起来。
Let's try knocking at the back door.
咱们敲后门试试。
Don't forget to say “Thank you” when someone has helped you.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I forgot closing the windows when I returned home.
我回到家的时候,忘记已经关了窗户。
有些动词后接动词ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同:
forget doing忘记已做过某事;forget to do忘记要做某事;remember doing记得做过某事;remember to do记住要做某事;mean doing意思是,意味着;mean to do打算做;regret doing后悔做过某事;regret to do遗憾要做某事;try to do想方设法做某事;try doing尝试做某事;can't help doing禁不住做;can't help (to) do不能帮忙做。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①Have you ______________ in another way?
你尝试用另外一种方法来进行了吗?
②Do not _____________ thank you for people's praise.
不要忘记对别人的赞美说感谢。
③I _____________ that I cannot go with you.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能与你同去。
[名师点津] 不定式与动名词作宾语的差异
(1)动词不定式作宾语的时候,宾语的动作时间与谓语动作时间大多数情况不是同一个时间,谓语时间一般在宾语时间之前;只有少数场合下谓语和宾语的时间是同一个时间。此外,动词不定式作宾语突出动作性和动作的一次性。
(2)动名词作宾语的时候,宾语动作的时间和谓语动作的时间是同步的,同时发生或者同时结束。动名词还突出动作的经常性。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.单词拼写)
1.As Teachers' Day was ___________ (临近),our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
2.He and his _______ (同伴) had made a bargain to tell each other everything.
3.He _________ (试图) to escape from the prison,but he couldn't find anybody to help him.
4.This heating system has an _________ (自动的)temperature control.
5.Most scientists believe that water doesn't _____ (存在) on the surface of the moon.
6.Some _________ (恐龙) ate meat and some ate only plants.
7.She _______ (置之不理)the stares of everyone around her.
8.It is not something outside;it is an _____ (内部的) growth.
9.The study was based on ____ (数据) from 2,100 women.
10.Imagine that you and I go in _____ (外部的) space.
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句语法填空)
1.Can you see the __________ (reflect) in the glass?
2.She thought it unnecessary to argue ____ him about it.
3.We assume him _____ (be) innocent before hearing the evidence against it.
4.You will end up __ prison if you continue to steal.
5.Many places of London have been promoted __ tourist spots because of the London Olympics.
6.Not many people can answer this question __ the first attempt.
7.__ so,please respond to me as quickly as possible.
8.But his __________ (assume) proved to be wrong.
9.What was your first __________ (impress) of her?
10.Children are at the heart __ the activity.
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.完成句子)
1.He said he had to _______________________ before the examination.
他说他得在考试前复习历史。
2.__________________,perhaps that is not such a bad idea.
仔细想想,那也许是个不错的主意。
3.You can't _________________________.
你不能说服他加入我们。
4.The young army officer _______________ the rank of captain.
这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。
5.This was how he helped me to ____________________.
这就是他如何帮助我克服困难的。
6.我试图让她相信他是诚实的,但是徒劳无果。
→I've _______________________________ of his honesty,but in vain.
→I've _________________________ of his honesty,but in vain.
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅳ.语法专练)
(一)单句语法填空
1.Mary's sister,Frances Todd Wallace,often came over ________ (plant) flowers in the front yard.
2.She suggested _____ (go) out for a walk,but I'd rather stay at home watching TV.
3.—Would you mind _______ (open) the door?
—Of course not.
4.Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim _______ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
5.Although swimming is his favorite sport,yet he doesn't like _______ (swim) today.
6.I forgot ______ (give) him the small change so I give him the money again.
7.The young plants and flowers need ____________________ (look) after carefully.
8.The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street,but his parents told him not _____ (do).
9.Please remember ________ (bring) your notebook here tomorrow.
10.You look so tired,why not stop _______ (have) a rest?
(二)完成句子
1.His wife doesn't _____________ inside the room and often advises him __________________.
他的妻子不允许在室内吸烟,经常劝他戒烟。
2.I'm looking forward to ________________ soon.
我期待着很快收到你的来信。
3.Being ill for a few days,she doesn't feel like _______________.
她病了几天,什么也不想吃。
4.Would you like ______________ with me?
你愿意和我去购物吗?
5.There have been fewer problems for travelers who _____________.
对于选择乘飞机旅游的人来说问题更少。
6.Doing one thing well doesn't __________ exactly one thing.
做好一件事情并不意味着仅仅做一件事情。
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