内容正文:
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING
(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
栏目索引
基础 自测过关
课文 阅读释疑
核心 要点探究
语法 专项突破
随堂 实践应用
基础 自测过关
poster
founder
profit
contented
occur
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
slim
rate
headstone
quote
former
county
ordinary
therefore
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
path
destination
tracking
parking
organiser
agriculture
proposal
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
survival
current
determination
disappear
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
work through
make sb.'s dream come true
for years
be known as
be convenient to/for
by bike
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
想出;想到
不久之后
大约;左右
由于,幸亏
越来越多
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
so that
To take a bicycle
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
that it would be better
if cars weren't
allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were
to save energy
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
课文 阅读释疑
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
The text is mainly about “white bikes” in Amsterdam
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
cycling
to use
hopeful
Unfortunately
disappeared
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
like
including
where
parking
to find
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
核心 要点探究
occurred
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
to
it
to
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
determination
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
determination
was determined that he would not tell a lie
(was) determined not to tell a lie
determined on/upon not telling a lie
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
work through
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
out
as
through
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
convenient for
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
to pay by credit card
convenience
at
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
came up with
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
with
about
across
to
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
Thanks to
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
to
Thanks a lot
Many thanks
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
so that
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
so that you can concentrate on your work
so that I caught the first bus
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
so that
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
To take a bicycle
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
to get
to discuss
in order to discuss
so as to discuss
To/In order to discuss
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
语法 专项突破
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
递交
用勺子舀
尾随
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
渡过
做园艺
溺爱
嗅
猛攻
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
随堂 实践应用
overcome
founder
Organizers
proposal
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
survival
Therefore
path
disappear
destination
tracking
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
convenient
agricultural
determination
Currently
to meet
with
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
parking
to
that
disappeared
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
occurred to him
overcome the difficulty
work out where the music was coming from
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
happy and contented
made his dream come true
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
蜿蜒/曲折前行
摸索,探寻
看护,照料
管理,指挥
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
传递
去除皮
鞠躬,致敬
运送
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
book three seats
address these envelopes
has been programmed
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
is vacationing
placed the books
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英语 必修 第三册 B
UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING(主题语境:人与自然——环境保护)
谢谢观看!
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.重点单词)
1.______ n.海报
2._______ n.创办人,创始者
3.______ n.盈利,利润
4._________ adj.满意的
5._____ vi.发生
6.____ adj.微小的;苗条的
7.____ n.比率
8._________ n.墓碑
9._____ n.引文
10.______ adj.以前的,从前的
11.______ n.县
12.________ adj.普通的;平常的
13._________ adv.因此
14.____ n.小径,小道
15.___________ n.目的地;终点
16.________ n.跟踪
17._______ n.(车辆等的)停放
18.organise vt.组织、筹划→organised adj.有组织的→_________ n.组织者;安排者→organisation n.组织,团体,机构
19.___________ n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的
20.propose vt.建议;提议→________ n.建议,提议
21.survive vi.幸存,生存下来→________ n.继续生存,幸存→survivor n.幸存者,生还者
22.currently adv.当前;一般地→_______ adj.当前的,现时的
23.determine vt.确定,决定→_____________ n.决心;毅力→determined adj.有决心的;坚决的
24.appearance n.外貌,外观→appear vi.出现→_________ vi.消失
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.重点短语)
1.____________ 调整
2._________________________ (使)某人梦想成真
3._________ 多年来
4.___________ 被称为;以……著称
5.____________________ 对……来说很方便
6._______ 骑自行车
7.came up with ____________
8.soon after ____________
9.in a matter of ____________
10.thanks to ____________
11.more and more ____________
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.核心句型)
1.so that引导目的状语从句
People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey,_______ someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方,以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。
2.to do不定式作目的状语
_________________,you had to put in a special card.
要骑自行车,你必须放入一张特别的卡。
3.that引导宾语从句;if引导条件状语从句
They believed _______________________ for everybody _________________
___________________________________________.
他们认为,如果市中心不允许汽车通行,只允许自行车通行,那对每个人都更好。
4.不定式短语作后置定语
Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bikesharing is a cheap and easy way ______________,reduce air and noise pollution,and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.
当地人和游客都喜欢使用共享单车,因为共享单车是一种节约能源、减少空气和噪音污染、享受城市锻炼益处的廉价而简单的方式。
[单词巧记]
Ⅰ.语境助记同根词
The little girl was the only survivor who survived the strong earthquake.She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was buried.I think her survival was a real wonder.
小女孩是这场大地震的唯一幸存者,她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存,我想她的幸存真的是一个奇迹。
Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词
1.形容词后缀:ent
convenience (n.)→convenient (adj.)
2.名词后缀:ing,tion,(e)r
park (v.)→parking (n.)
track (v.)→tracking (n.)
solve (v.)→solution (n.)
found (v.)→founder (n.)
organise (v.)→organiser (n.)
3.否定前缀:dis
appear (v.)→disappear (v.)
agree (v.)→disagree (v.)
like (v.)→dislike (v.)
cover (v.)→discover (v.)
Ⅲ.合成词一族
head (n.)+stone (n.)→headstone (n.)
over (adv.)+come (v.)→overcome (v.)
[短语助记]
“某人想起……”短语集萃
sth. strikes sb.,sth. hits sb.,sth. comes to sb.等。
一、读文清障
词块解惑
①for years 多年来
②be known as 被称为
③therefore adv.因此,由此
④be convenient to/for
对……来说很方便
⑤plenty of 许多
⑥parking n.(车辆等的)停放
parking lot 停车场
⑦path n.小径,小道
⑧because of 因为,由于
⑨become popular with 变得受……欢迎
⑩by bike 骑自行车
⑪come from 来自
⑫in the 1960s 在二十世纪六十年代
⑬came up with 想出;想到
⑭be better for 对……更好一些
⑮hundreds of 好几百;许许多多
⑯so that 以便
⑰soon after 不久之后
⑱came up 出现;传来
⑲disappear vi.消失,不见
⑳in a matter of 大约;左右
(tracking n.跟踪
(take a bicycle 骑自行车
(destination n.目的地;终点
(thanks to 由于,幸亏
(pedal vi.&vt.骑;n.踏板
(more and more 越来越多
(both... and... 既……又……
教材原文
People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years①.The idea began about 50 years ago,and was first known as② “white bikes”.Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it's flat and therefore③convenient for④ bikes eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(1))).There are also plenty of⑤ places for bicycle parking⑥ and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path⑦.Because of⑧ its convenience for bicycles eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(2))),Amsterdam has become very popular with⑨ cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike⑩.Some people even call Amsterdam “the City of Bicycles”.
Where did the idea of “white bikes” come from⑪?In the 1960s⑫,a group of cycling fans came up with⑬ an idea.They believed that it would be better for⑭ everybody if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(3))).They were hopeful that this would help to save energy,reduce pollution and provide free public transport eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(4))).The group painted hundreds of⑮ bicycles white eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(5))) and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use.Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(6))),so that⑯ someone else could then take it and use it from there eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(7))).Soon after⑰,however,problems came up⑱ and the “white bikes” all disappeared⑲—thieves stole them all in a matter of⑳ weeks.
In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking( system to record their every move eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(8)))!To take a bicycle( eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(9))),you had to put in a special card.The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.The bikes were parked at special parking places.Thus people who wanted to use them eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(10))) had to take them to another special parking place near their destination( and leave them there.
Thanks to( the ideas and efforts of many people eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(11))),like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes” eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(12))),you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
Nowadays,the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled ( its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bikesharing.
In China,more and more( cities have their own “white bike” programmes.Both the locals and( tourists like to use shared bikes because bikesharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy,reduce air and noise pollution,and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(13))).However,problems can also develop,like the theft of bikes and parking issues.Fortunately,people are trying different ways of solving eq \s\up5(\o(□,\s\up3(14))) those problems.Where will bikesharing go in China?You decide.
句式释疑
eq \x(1) because引导的原因状语从句。
eq \x(2) because of引导的原因状语。
eq \x(3) that引导的宾语从句,其中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句。
eq \x(4) 宾语从句,其中包含了由save,reduce,provide三个动词引导的并列的不定式短语作help 的宾语。
eq \x(5) “paint+宾语+形容词作宾补”结构。
eq \x(6) where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the place。
eq \x(7) so that引导的目的状语从句。
eq \x(8) “with+宾语+动词不定式作宾补”构成with复合结构。
eq \x(9) 不定式作目的状语。
eq \x(10) who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people。
eq \x(11) 原因状语
eq \x(12) who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词those。
eq \x(13) because引导的原因状语从句。其中way后面由save,reduce,enjoy三个并列的动词不定式短语作定语,修饰way。
eq \x(14) 介词后接动词时,往往用动词的ing形式。
二、语篇研读
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.Prereading)
1.Discussing—Look at the following pictures,and discuss what they are about?
2.Predicting—Read the title and look at the pictures on Page 36,37 and predict what the text is probably about?
___________________________________________________.
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.Whilereading)
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because of ________.
A.the cycling fans there
B.the appearance of bicycles
C.the quality of bicycles
D.the convenience for bicycles
2.In the 1960s,some cycling fans hoped bikes could ________.
A.help to save energy
B.be specially designed
C.be placed anywhere
D.be painted in different colours
3.Why did the first “white bike” plan fail?
A.People were tired of riding bikes.
B.There were not enough parking places.
C.Thieves took all the bikes within weeks.
D.The government allowed people to drive cars freely.
4.What do people use if they want to take a “ white bike” in the city?
A.A white key.
B.A special card.
C.A special computer.
D.A common chip.
答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.Postreading)
Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.
Amsterdam is a city where people enjoy 1._______ (cycle) because it's flat.Cycling fans in Amsterdam first had the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s.They painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for anybody 2.______ (use) because they were 3._______ (hope) that this would help to save energy,reduce pollution and provide free public transport.4._____________ (fortunate),in a matter of weeks,the “white bikes” all 5.___________ (disappear).In the 1990s,“white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with some hightech security measures,for example,a computer tracking system.
Now bikesharing programmes 6.____ “white bikes” have become popular all around the world,7._________ (include) China,8._____ more and more people use shared bikes in cities.But problems do sometimes develop,like the stealing of bikes and 9._______ (park) issues.However,people are trying different ways 10._______ (find) solutions to those problems.
1.[教材原句P106]Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event ________ which changed her life.
易女士过着心满意足的生活,直到一件可怕的事情改变了她的生活。
occur vi.发生;出现
sth. occurs to sb. 某人想起某事
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事
It occurs to sb. that... 某人想到……
①The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.
这种病最常见于农村地区。
②A good idea occurred __ him when he was asked to solve the problem.
当被叫到解决这个问题的时候,他突然想到一个好主意。
③I suppose __ never occurred to you to phone the police.
我想你压根儿就没想到给警察打电话吧。
④It occurred __ her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。
2.[教材原句P107]She has made a huge difference with her _____________ to make her son's dreams a reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实,这让她的生活发生了巨大的变化。
determination n.决心;毅力
(1)determined adj.坚决的;有决心的
be determined to do... 决心做……(表示状态)
(2)determine vt.确定,决定;使下定决心
determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing)... 决定(做)……
determine that... 决定……
①We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and _____________ (determine).
我们应该以勇气和决心克服我们的弱点和恐惧。
②他想到了妈妈的期望,决定不撒谎。
He thought of his mother's hope,and ___________________________________.
=He thought of his mother's hope,and _________________________________.
=He thought of his mother's hope,and _________________________________.
3.[教材原句P107]My question is:How did Ms Yi Jiefang ____________ her sadness after her son's death?
我的问题是:易洁芳女士在儿子死后是如何度过悲痛的?
work through 调整(情绪)
work on 致力于;对……起作用;继续工作;从事于……
work out 解决;算出;制定出;锻炼
work as 从事……工作
①I shall work on that project from next week.
我从下周起将开始那一课题的研究工作。
②You should work ___ the problem for yourself.
你应该独立解决这个问题。
③I have been working __ a teacher since 1998.
自从1998年以来我一直从事教师工作。
④A person who loses his family needs time to work _______ his sorrow.
一个失去家人的人需要时间来抚平伤痛。
4.[教材原句P36]Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it's flat and therefore ______________ bikes.
阿姆斯特丹是一个很适合骑自行车的城市,那里地势平坦,因此骑自行车很方便。
be convenient to/for 对……来说很方便
It is convenient to/for sb.对某人来说很方便
It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事很方便
for sb.'s convenience/for the convenience of... 为方便……
at sb.'s convenience 在某人方便时
①It is very convenient _____________________.
用信用卡付款非常方便。
②If it is convenient for/to you,let's meet at 8:30 outside the school gate.
如果您方便的话,我们8点半在校门外集合。
③I put the book within my reach for ___________ (convenient).
为了方便,我把书放在伸手可及的地方。
④If you are interested,please send an application email __ your earliest convenience.
如果您感兴趣,请在您方便的时候发送申请邮件。
[名师点津] convenient作表语时,不能用人作主语,而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you。
5.[教材原句P36]In the 1960s,a group of cycling fans ____________ an idea.
20世纪60年代,一群自行车爱好者想到了一个主意。
come up with 想出,想到
come up 走近;上来;被提出
come about 发生;产生
come across 遇见;(偶然)发现
come out 出来;出版
come to 苏醒;总计;达到
when it comes to...(to为介词) 当谈到……
①He came up ____ a really creative solution to the problem.
他找到一个真正具有创造性的解决问题的方案。
②Can you tell me when it came ______?
你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗?
③I came ______ my old friend at the office yesterday.
昨天在办公室,我偶然碰见了我的老朋友。
④When it comes to making friends,you cannot be too careful.
一谈到交朋友,你再怎么小心也不为过。
⑤His income comes __ one hundred thousand yuan a year.
他每年的收入是10万元。
6.[教材原句P37]_________ the ideas and efforts of many people,like the cycling fans in the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”,you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
多亏了许多人的想法和努力,比如20世纪60年代的自行车爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人,现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受干净的空气和便捷的交通。
thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为
thanks for 因……而感谢
thanks a lot 非常感谢;多谢
many thanks 多谢,十分感谢
①Thanks for your help.
感谢您对我的帮助。
②Thanks __ the disease,I have the opportunity to improve my character.
因为疾病,我才有机会改善自己的品格。
③____________ for your support!
→___________ for your support!
非常感谢你的支持!
7.[教材原句P36]People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey _______ someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方,以便其他人就可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。
[句式点拨] 句中so that引导目的状语从句,从句中含有情态动词could。
(1)so that引导目的状语从句,意为“以便,为了”,可用in order that替换,从句中常有may,can,could等情态动词。
(2)so that引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,所以”,通常不与情态动词连用,从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。
①I will leave ________________________________________.
我这就走,以便让你专心工作。
②He came in quietly so that he wouldn't wake his wife up.
他轻轻地进来,为了不把他的妻子吵醒。
③I got up early,______________________________.
我起得很早,所以赶上了第一班公共汽车。
④Suddenly it began to rain heavily,so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.
突然下起了大雨,几乎无法继续开车。
[名师点津] in order that也可以引导目的状语从句,常与so that互换,so that一般不用于句首,而in order that可用于句首。
⑤He left early in order that he could avoid the traffic jam.
→He left early _______ he could avoid the traffic jam.
他很早就走了,以便避开交通堵塞。
8.[教材原句P37]_________________,you had to put in a special card.
要骑自行车,你必须放入一张特别的卡。
[句式点拨] 句中to take a bicycle为不定式短语作目的状语。
动词不定式作目的状语通常译为“为了……”,主要有以下三种结构形式:
结构形式
位置
说明
(not) to do...
句首、句尾
位于句首时,表示强调目的。
in order (not) to do...
句首、句尾
这种结构形式更能突出目的性,为了表示强调,常置于句首。
so as (not) to do...
句尾
这种结构形式也是为了突出状语的目的性,与第二种结构形式所不同的主要是位置的区别。
①They worked hard ______ (get) good marks in the final exams.
为了在期终考试中得到好分数,他们很用功。
②We'll hold a meeting __________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
=We'll hold a meeting ___________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
=We' ll hold a meeting ________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.
=______________________ the unhealthy lifestyle,we'll hold a meeting.
我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。
名词用作动词
随着人类社会的不断前进,语言也不断地向前发展,旧词少用,新词产生,语言变得越来越生动、形象,富于表现力和丰富多彩。其中最常见的是名词用作动词。
指出下列加黑单词的用法及意义。
①Hand in the report after class.
②My mother is spooning sugar from the packet into a bowel.
③Whenever I go,my little brother dogs my footsteps.
[自我归纳]
句①中hand原义是“手”在句中用作动词“______”;句②中spoon原义是“勺子”在句中用作动词“________”;句③中dog原义是“狗”在句中用作动词“______”。
一、在英文中,有许多“名词活用作动词”的现象。或者说,这些单词本身就有动词的意思,只是我们在学习这些单词的时候通常只接触了其名词的意思。
举个最简单的例子“man”这个单词,我们都知道是“人、男人”的意思,但它也可以作动词,有“操作、配置人员、使增强勇气、拿出男子气概”等意思。
You need to man up and own up to your mistake.
你要像个男人一样承认自己的错误。
二、熟练掌握这种名词和动词之间的转换具有非常重要的意义,对于我们英语水平的提高也至关重要。它的主要作用体现在:
1.让语言更加简洁
比如说表示“我坐公共汽车去上班”这个意思,你可以说“I take a bus to work”也可以说“I bus to work”。
当bus作动词时既包含了乘坐这个动作,又包含了所乘坐的交通工具,所以可以帮助省略不必要的take,让说话写作更加简洁明了。
2.使语言更加生动
比如corner这个单词,名词意思是“角落、墙角”,动词的意思则有“转弯、垄断、使为难”等等。
With this new technology,we are going to corner the market within the next two years.
有了这项新科技,我们将在未来两年垄断市场。
当corner这个单词作“垄断”意思解释的时候非常形象,想象一下一家公司把所有竞争者都逼到了墙角,这不就是“垄断”吗?
还有个单词entrance,名词解释是“入口”,但当它作动词时就变成了“使着迷、欣喜若狂”。想象一下某个事物可以进入你的心灵,让你为之心动。
Her beauty entrances him.
她的美丽让他痴迷。
所以如果能做到名词的动词活用,可以使英文的语句更加具有画面感。
3.使语言更加地道
比如我们要用英文表达“他著有两本畅销小说”。
你当然可以说“He has written two bestselling novels”,但这里的write让人感觉只是“写”,而没有“著”,所以会显得不够书面,不够地道。
如果用authored来取代written就可以准确地表达出句子的真正意思。
英文单词中名词作动词的情形远远不止以上的例子。比如还有一组植物的名词,像花flower、杂草weed、植物plant、种子seed、根root等等都可以作动词使用,分别是成熟、除草、种植、播种、固定的意思。
[即学即练] 写出下列加黑单词的词义
①He intends to voyage across the Indian Ocean._______
②She is outdoors gardening every afternoon. _______
③Stop mothering her,after all she is 30 years old and can take care of herself perfectly well. _______
④A dog was nosing at the dustbin. _____
⑤They stormed the speaker with questions. _______
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.单词拼写)
1.This difficulty could be ________ (克服)by the use of money.
2.Qufu in Shandong Province is the hometown of Confucius,_______ (创始人) of the Confucian school of philosophy.
3.__________ (组织者) appealed to the crowd not to panic.
4.She made it clear that she objected to the ________ (建议),for it was useless and unrealistic.
5.The future of our ________ (继续生存) depends on knowledge and action.
6.We do not have enough money._________ (因此),we can not afford to buy the new car.
7.They went out for a walk on the flat ____ (小径).
8.The snow will soon _________ (消失) when the warm weather comes.
9.This is how he reached the ___________ (目的地).
10.With our product you can do TV programs ________ (跟踪)and much more!
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句语法填空)
1.If it is __________ (convenience) to you,please go for my party this Sunday.
2.Even in advanced ____________ (agriculture) societies,it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities.
3.He fought the illness with courage and _____________ (determine).
4._________ (current),a great many people buy something on the Internet.
5.I suppose it never occurred to him _______ (meet) with such a big problem.
6.We came up ____ an interesting idea.
7.They don't allow _______ (park) in this street.
8.Thanks __ your advice,much trouble was saved.
9.The little boy saved every coin so ____ he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.
10.The sun ___________ (appear) behind a cloud.
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.完成句子)
1.A good idea _______________ when he was asked to solve the problem.
当被叫到解决这个问题的时候,他突然想到一个好主意。
2.Something gave me the strength to _______________________.
有件事给了我克服困难的勇气。
3.I couldn't ________________________________________.
我弄不清这音乐是从哪里传来的。
4.Whenever he returns to this place,he is ___________________.
每次回到这里,他都是既高兴又满足。
5.After he worked hard for many years,he finally ________________________.
经过他几年的努力,他终于使他的梦想成真。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅳ.语法专练)
(一)写出下列加黑单词的词义
1.The river snakes its way across the wood. _____________
2.He fished out the key from his pocket. _____________
3.He hired a housekeeper to nurse the old house inherited from his grandfather. _____________
4.She always likes to boss people around. _____________
5.Will you hand me the pencil please?_____
6.You need to skin the potatoes before cooking them. _________
7.The actors bowed as the audience applauded. ___________
8.We usually ship goods on the same day if you place the order before 4 pm. ____
(二)用所给名词的动词完成句子
1.I'd like to ________________ for tonight's concert.(book)
我想为今晚的音乐会预订三个座位。
2.Could you help me _______________________?(address)
帮我给这些信封写地址好吗?
3.The computer ___________________.(programme)
计算机已编好程序。
4.He ______________ in the countryside.(vacation)
他正在乡下度假。
5.He ________________ in order on the shelf.(place)
他把书按顺序摆在书架上。
$$