Unit 12 Innovation Writing Workshop课件-2024-2025学年北师大版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册

WRITING WORKSHOP UNIT 12 INNOVATION 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES To read and talk about writing an essay about an inventor and his / her invention; To read for general understanding; To read for specific information and deep understanding; To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others; To understand and learn words and expressions in context; To write an essay about an inventor and his / her invention. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 2 KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS More time is needed to write an essay about an inventor and his / her invention; To answer the comprehension questions; To get general idea and key information in the text; To struggle with sentence construction and spelling; To struggle with grammar rules and usage; To compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 3 LEADING IN What inventors have you heard? Can you say some of their inventions? LEADING IN What invention do you think has changed the course of human history? Why? GET READY FOR WRITING Pair Work You are going to write about an inventor and his/her invention that you find amazing. Discuss the questions. 1. Which inventor are you going to write about? Which of his/her inventions do you find amazing? 2. How was the invention made? 3. What influence has this invention had on society? 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 7 GET READY FOR WRITING Which inventor? Which invention? How? What influence? medicine? communications? transport? education? entertainment? ... medicine? communications? transport? education? entertainment? ... 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 8 Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 9 Can you predict what the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine” is about? READ FOR WRITING James Watt’s introduction James Watt’s invention The influence of his invention 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 10 Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 1. Who was James Watt? James Watt was an engineer, scientist and inventor, who was born in Scotland in 1736. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 11 Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 2. What did he improve? He developed and made a great improvement on the Newcomen steam engine, which was commonly used at the time. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 12 Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 3. How did he make the improvement? He watched a kettle boiling water and thought deeply about what was happening. He reflected further on the process. Later he began to experiment with steam and eventually developed the steam engine. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 13 Read the essay “James Watt and the Steam Engine”. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 4. What contribution did he make to human history? His invention changed the course of human history. Steam engines helped to power factories that started the Industrial Revolution. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 14 Read Paragraph 1. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 1. What information is included in this paragraph? James Watt’s profession, birth time, birth place and his early life. 2. What other information can be included in this part? The inventor’s personality, social status, family, educational background, appearance... 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 15 Read Paragraph 2. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 1. What is the writing order of this paragraph? In the order of time. 2. Put the following events into the correct order. a. Contemplation: Watt thought about the power of steam to lift the kettle lid. b. Observation of a boiling kettle: 12-year-old Watt watched a kettle and noticed the lid bouncing due to steam. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 16 Read Paragraph 2. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING 2. Put the following events into the correct order. c. Invention of the improved steam engine: He developed a steam engine that enhanced upon existing technology. d. Experimental exploration: Watt began experimenting with steam. Answer: _______ → _______ → _______ → _______ b a d c 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 17 Read Paragraph 3. Answer the questions. READ FOR WRITING The paragraph describes the profound influence of Watt’s invention on ____________. A. industrial revolution B. transportation revolution C. economy and job market √ √ √ We can talk about the influence of an invention from different aspects. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 18 Mark the following parts in the essay. FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE a. The inventor and the invention b. The inspiration of the invention and the inventor’s research c. The influence of the invention In fact, the essay has a specific structure that each paragraph explains one of the parts above. And these three pieces of information are presented in order. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 19 Para 1 The inventor and the invention Para 2 The inspiration of the invention and the inventor’s research Para 3 The influence of the invention FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE Mark the following parts in the essay. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 20 FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE The inventor and the invention The influence of the invention The inspiration of the invention and the inventor’s research You can write about: the inventor’s profession, birth time, birth place and his early life, personality, social status, family, educational background, appearance... It’s important to: develop this part in the order of time; use a variety of time expressions; use the past tense; focus on the main events. You can write about its influence on: economy society people’s daily life ... 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 21 VOCABULARY 1. boil boiling water 沸水(即处于100℃的开水) boiled water 白开水(烧开过的水) boil over 发怒 boil down 归结；煮浓 boil up 煮滚；烧开 boiled eggs 煮鸡蛋 bring to the boil 使沸腾；使事情难于处理；使处于危急关头 on the boil 在沸腾 , 在兴奋中，在激动中 , 正被积极审议的 练习：She put some potatoes on to _________. boil 22 VOCABULARY 2. reflect reflect on/ upon 思考…… be reflected in 映在……中 reflect that... 思考…… reflection n. 沉思；映像 reflect teaching 反思性教学; 反映出教学 reflect well, badly on sb./ sth. 使给人以好的（坏的或其他）印象 练习：The windows were shining in the _____________ rays of the setting sun. reflected 23 VOCABULARY 3. improvement improve vi. & vt. 改进；改善 improve English 提高英语；提高英语水平；以不同的方式 Improve adaptability 提高适应性 improve in 有改进；在某方面有所改进；好些 练习：We shall be looking for an __________________ in your study this term. improvement 24 VOCABULARY 4. lift lift one's spirits/mood 使人精神振奋/心情愉快 lift a ban 解除禁令 give sb. a lift 搭便车 lift up 升起；提起来；高举；飞起 not lift/ raise a finger/ hand 一点忙也不帮；油瓶倒了都不扶 练习：He _______________ the cup for the fifth time this year. lifted 25 VOCABULARY 5. large amount of large/ small amounts of + 不可数名词+ 复数谓语动词 a large/ small amount of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词 a good/ great deal of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词 a good/ great many + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词 a large/ great number of + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词 quite a few + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词 练习：A ____________________ money was spent on the celebrations. large amount of 26 LANGUAGE POINTS 1. As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down. 本句是一个含有as引导的时间状语从句的复合句。as意为“随着”。 as 引导的状语从句 （1）引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时;一边……一边……;随着” As he was sleeping, the phone rang. 他在睡觉时，电话响了。 （2）引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像” You must do the work as I have told you. 你必须按照我告诉你的做这项工作。 27 LANGUAGE POINTS 1. As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down. 本句是一个含有as引导的时间状语从句的复合句。as意为“随着”。 as 引导的状语从句 （3）引导原因状语从句，意为“因为" As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 因为天气太糟糕，我们不得不推迟旅行。 （4）引导比较状语从句，意为“和……一样” ​He works as efficiently as his colleagues.​ 他的工作效率与同事一样高。 28 LANGUAGE POINTS 1. As the water boiled, the steam made the top of the kettle bounce up and down. 本句是一个含有as引导的时间状语从句的复合句。as意为“随着”。 as 引导的状语从句 （5）引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”从句应倒装 Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。 Well-written as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 尽管这本书写得很好，作者还是不满意并打算修改它。 29 LANGUAGE POINTS 2. With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs. 本句是一个完全倒装句。正常语序的句子为“New types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs came with this.”。 完全倒装 （1）当表示地点的介词短语，如“on a hill，in the valley，round the comer”等位于句首，动词为“be，come，go，lie，stand，walk”等时，句子常用完全倒装，即将整个谓语部分放在主语前面。 Round the corner of the street is aflower shop. 在街道拐角处有一家花店。 30 LANGUAGE POINTS 2. With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs. 完全倒装 （2）将下列词置于句首，主语不是代词,且谓语为“be，go，come”等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装。 ①地点副词：here，there 等 ②方位副词：out，in，up，down 等 ③时间副词：now，then 等 Here is the money I promised you. 这是我答应给你的钱。 31 LANGUAGE POINTS 2. With this came new types of jobs and the availability of new products at lower costs. 完全倒装 （3）作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置构成完全倒装。 Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat. 我们没有东西吃的日子已经过去了。 Present at the meeting were Mr. Li, Mr. Wang and many other teachers.​ 出席会议的有李老师、王老师和许多其他教师。 32 PRACTICE 1. The little boy was burned by the _______________ (boil) water in the canteen and his mother was overcome with worry. 2. On the way home he _______________ (reflect) that the interview had gone well. 3. The last five years has seen a consistent __________________ (improve) in the country’s economy. 4. She _______________ (lift) most of the ideas from a book she had been reading. boiling reflected improvement lifted 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 33 SUMMARY Learn how to write an essay about an inventor and his / her invention; Read for specific information and deep understanding; Get general understanding and specific information; Learn about and practice words and expressions in context; Write with correct sentence construction and spelling; Compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 34 Thank you 35 $$