Unit1 Cultural HeritageDiscovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit1 Cultural Heritage 第章 1 定语从句的定义 第章 2 关系代词和关系副词的用法 第章 3 介词+关系代词的用法 第章 4 非限制性定语从句 Contents Part I：Definition 定语从句在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词； 被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词； 定语从句由关系词引导，分为关系代词或关系副词引导，并在定语从句中担任成分。 先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词 人 主 宾 定 物 主 宾 定 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose(=of whom) that/which that/which/省略 whose(=of which) Part II：关系词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词 when reason where why 地点名词 时间名词 时间状语 原因状语 地点状语 Ps: 关系词在从句中做状语时, 连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词 确定从句 选择先行词 将先行词代入从句，看它在从句中所担任的成分 根据先行词在从句中所作成分，得出关系词 关系词的确定 1. That is the boy ______ mother is a famous musician. 3. The house __________ they built in 1987 was destroyed in the earthquake. 2. We don’t know the number of people ________ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake. that / who (which /that) whose 5. I visited the house _____ (=__ which) Lu Xun once lived. 6. The reason _____(=___ which) he got worried was this. when on where in why for 用 法 区 别 1. 当先行词是all, (a) little, (a) few, much, something, anything，everything, nothing. some等不定代词或者被all, any, much, few, little, no等词修饰时。 在下列情况下，关系词用that而不用which。 2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 3. 当先行词被the very/only/same/last 修饰时： 4. 当先行词前有who,which等疑问代词时： 5. 当先行词既有人，又有物时： 用 法 区 别 在下列情况下，关系代词只能用which。 1. 时，关系代词只能用which 2. 引导 修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用which The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than I had expected. 介词前置 非限制性定语从句 1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _______were in the fields. 2.The wind blew down the tallest tree ______ is in front of our school gate. 3.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for. 4.This is the second novel ______I have ever read. 5.There is nothing in the world ______can frighten me. 6.Who is the man _______is reading under the tree? 7.He wrote a book, _______ is on how to learn English well. 8.This is the place in ________ Lu Xun used to live. that that that that that that which which 区分that和which 关系代词whose的用法 1) A child ________ parents are dead is called an orphan. (孤儿) 2) They live in a house,___________ windows face south. whose 在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”， whose+名词可换作 the+名词+of whom/which whose whose They live in a house, the windows _____ ______ face south. They live in a house,_____ ______ the windows face south. of which of which 介词 + whose + 名词 1.I wish to thank professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far. 2.The Dragon Tower , from top visitors can enjoy a good sight of Harbin, attracts hundreds of tourists every day. whose whose 与先行词的搭配来确定介词 I will never forget the day ____which I joined the army. 2. 与从句中谓语动词、形容词的搭配的固定搭配 Have you found the book _____which I paid $29? 3. 根据句子的意思来确定 Air, _______ which man can’t live, is really important. 介词后关系代词的选择：指人用whom, 指物用which for on without Part Ⅲ：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 代词/名词/数词/形容词最高级/介词短语 + of + 关系代词 1.They lived in a tall building, in front of stood a big tree. 2.There are more than 50 students in my class, 26 of are girls. 3.His family members don’t like the second-hand car, the price of is very high. 4.It is reported that two schools, both of are being built , will open next year. 5.When western people talk about the cities of China, the first of comes to their minds is Beijing. which whom which which which 1. 限制性定语从句 它是对先行词作修饰、限制, 从句与主句的关系十分密切, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。 2. 非限制性定语从句 它是对先行词作附加补充说明, 从句与主句的关系不是很密切, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚、完整。 His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week. People who take physical exercise regularly live longer. Part Ⅳ：区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 In the class there are ten students who/that speak English very well. 翻译： 含义： 形式 : 2. In the class there are ten students, who speak English very well. 翻译： 含义： 形式: 这个班有10名英语说的好的学生 限制性,班上不只有10名学生，但只有这10名学生英语说得好 没有逗号 这个班有10名学生,他们英语说得很好 非限制性，班上只有10个学生，补充说明他们的英语说得好 区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 有逗号 2 3 1 区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句: 与主句之间无逗号隔开； 非限制性定语从句: 与主句之间有逗号隔开。 限制性定语从句: 可以修饰名词或代词； 非限制性定语从句: 可以修饰名词或代词, 也可以修饰整个句子, 在限制性定从, 关系代词作宾语时可以省略； 在非限制性定从, 所有关系词都不可省略。 不可使用that，why (应使用for which） 完成句子 1) The foreign guests, ________ (who / that) were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport. 2) My father bought me several books, none of ________ (which / that) I like to read. 3) Is there anyone in your class ________ (which / whose) family is in the city? 4) Football, ________ (which / that) is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. who which whose which 5) The students went to the hospital to see Miss Zhang, ________ (that / whom) they respect greatly. 6) They went to the Royal Theatre, ________ (which / where) they saw the great show. 7) The weather turned out to be very good, ________ (which / that) was more than I had expected. 8) There are 50 students in our class, half of ________ (whom / who) are girls. whom where which      whom As everyone knows, China is a country with a long history. She is a great hero, as is described in the report. He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同: as引导的定语从句可置于___________________，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_______________________________。 (2) as引导的定语从句有“______________的意思，而which指“_________” 句首、句中 句首，只能放在句中 正如……. 这……. as 和 which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 as 和 which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 as which 指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的某一名词或代词 位置 可位于主句之前、之中 或之后 可位于主句之中或之后， 不能位于主句之前 意义 “正如，就像… ” “这，那” 功能 起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句，在意义上相当于一个并列句 as 常见搭配 as is known to all； as you know as is expected as we expected as has been mentioned above as is reported / said as a famous saying goes as is pointed out as you can see = as can be seen as is often the case 众所周知 正如你所知道的那样 正如所预料的那样 正如我们所期待的 正如上面所提到的 正如报道/所说的那样 正如一句谚语所说 正如指出的 正如你所看见的 情况通常如此 ①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。 She is always working hard，____ everyone can see. ②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。 The book，______ I bought yesterday, is very instructive. ③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。 ______ everyone can see, she is honest. = She is honest，_______ everyone can see. ④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 ______ we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health. ⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。 Tom suddenly fell ill，_______ made us very sad. as which As as As which 1. He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. The photo ____________________________________________________________. 2. The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was fomed by members from fifteen countries. The project team ____________________________________________________________. 3. This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty. The time ____________________________________________________________. Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses which he showed me was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. which helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania was formed by members from fifteen countries. when this temple was first built was during the Qin Dynasty. 4. We met a professional archaeclogist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. The prolesslonal archaeologist ____________________________________________ 5. The documents about the cutural relics from overseas are under the desk .I found them yesterday. The place_____________________________________________________________ 6. Scientsts worked togther day and night to rescue the temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next generation. The reason ______________________________________________________________ we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained the process of building such a difficult structure to us. where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas is under the desk. why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple was that they wanted to preseve it for the next generation. Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses Thanks! $$