专题06 阅读理解之七选五（人教版2019）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期中真题分类汇编

专题06 阅读理解之七选五 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下•山东省济南3月） Is Exercise the Key to Better Health? We’ve all heard that regular exercise is vital for staying healthy. 1 Research shows a clear answer: yes, especially if you mix up your activities to target different fitness areas. By doing so, you can keep your body in top shape and prevent health issues from arising. •How exercise boosts (促进) heart and lung health. 2 If you do a balanced routine that includes cardio (有氧运动), strength training, and flexibility exercises, your body gets better at using oxygen. When you exercise regularly, your heart and lungs work more efficiently, pumping oxygen-rich blood to your muscles and organs. This can lead to a lower risk of heart disease and improved respiratory (呼吸的) function. • 3 Lately, scientists have been exploring how physical activity affects our mental health. Wellness centers worldwide are now offering Mental Health Fitness Programs. These programs let people take part in exercises designed to enhance both physical and mental health. Regular exercise has been shown to greatly lower symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a better mood overall. It’s like a natural antidepressant (抗抑郁药) that doesn’t come with negative side effects. •How physical activity improves lifelong well- being. Staying active is a basis for a high-quality life. Exercise not only maintains your physical health and manages your emotions but also enhances your overall well-being. From hiking to swimming, physical activities can reduce stress, lift your spirits, and give you the energy to fully engage in the things you love. By keeping fit, you’re investing in a lifestyle that’s filled with energy. 4 While exercise is great, it’s important to pay attention to your body and avoid pushing too hard, which can lead to injuries. 5 This helps your body handle the workout and recover properly, ensuring you can continue to enjoy the benefits of exercise without interruption. In summary, making exercise a regular part of your life can lead to a happier, healthier you. A. The influence of exercise on physical health. B. But is it really the best solution to better health, as many experts suggest? C. The impact of exercise on mental health. D. This active lifestyle is also marked by a sense of accomplishment and joy. E. To stay safe and healthy, always warm up before you exercise and cool down afterward. F. Another big plus of regular exercise is that it can lift your spirits. G. Exercise strengthens your heart and lungs. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广西柳州·5月月考） Useful Tips for Setting Up a Blog in English There’s a little bit more to blogging than just writing. If you just jump into writing, you might miss out on some of the best parts of having a blog. 1 Pick a topic. What will your blog be about? Cooking? Movies? Your daily life? Learning English? Your blog should be about something that you enjoy writing about. 2 The theme could affect how you design it and what you name it, so take some time to think about this. Create a schedule. Writing in English regularly might seem easy, but it can be tough when you first start out. You don’t always “feel like” writing. 3 To prevent this problem, create a schedule for yourself when you first start. Maybe you will write every Saturday at 7 pm for a half hour, for example. Pick whatever works for you, as long as you stick to it. 4 A blog is more than a place online where you can learn English. But it can be a great place to start! Use your blogging to help you join English learning communities around the Internet, on social media or in online forums (论坛). Make connections. As you read other blogs, leave comments and join the conversation. 5 Connect with teachers and native speakers in person, online or through their own blogs. Find people who enjoy reading what you’ll be writing about, so your blog can have an audience. Once you have readers, ask them to correct your English and you will see some amazing growth as an English learner. A. Make your blog a greater place. B. Use the blog to branch out to other Internet resources. C. Invite friends and other English learners to read your blog. D. Sometimes you have to reschedule your plan all over again. E. When you first set up your blog, here are some tips to follow. F. And you might find yourself putting things off until a later time. G. Besides, it should also match with your goal for learning English. Passage 3 （23-24学年高一下•福建省福州期中） Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. 1 We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities. Guide kids to find their own solution As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. 2 While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there. Let kids find their own fun 3 It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own.      Trust your child to act in their best interest (or fake it) Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. 4 Don’t forget to support yourself Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. 5 If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices. A. It may work. B. Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom. C. That can mean we have to support them in different ways. D. So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day. E. And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it. F. Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others. G. It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now. Passage 4 （23-24学年高一下•福建省福州4月月考） Learning to Love Locally-Grown Foods Cooking shows on TV are usually all about foreign foods. Thanks to globalization, people everywhere are introducing their taste buds to dishes from every corner of the world. 1 In the past few years, the number of people purchasing local foods has been rising because it offers a lot of benefits. For starters, local food is often tastier because it is fresher. Imported goods must be flown or shipped in from far away, so they naturally lose some of their freshness during the journey. 2 These materials may cause the nutritional value of these goods to decline during the shipping process. Food safety is another reason why people are choosing local produce. Today’s laws regarding foods vary from country to country. 3 But when you know the local farmer who grows your food, the chances of it being polluted are greatly reduced. Buying local foods can also have a beneficial impact on the environment. Buying local, consumers can maintain green space and farmland in their communities. Besides, if farmers can sell directly to consumers, they will earn more money for their families. Additional profits also enable farmers to better care for their soil and keep quality standards high. 4 5 This is an open area where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, and meat directly to the public. Once you experience the freshness of local foods for yourself, it might be tough to go back to the supermarket. A. In the end, it’s a win-win situation. B. However, some disagree with the idea. C. To conclude, the farmers can make more money. D. Imported goods must also be packaged in plastic or other containers. E. This makes it difficult to detect if any harmful chemicals have been used. F. At the same time, other people are discovering food from their area is the best. G. If you’re interested in having more local foods, you can even attend a farmers’ market. Passage 5 （23-24学年高一下•湖北省宜昌3月月考） Aunt Suzy insists you have seconds before you’ve even finished your meal. Or you can count on your coworker to say things like, “I can’t believe you’re only going to have a salad for lunch! “These are both examples of food pushing. It’s common to find yourself in a situation where someone is pressuring you to eat or commenting on your food choices. Intentional or not, the pressure to eat can make you feel uncomfortable, or worse, disturb your dietary preferences. 1 Change the subject. It can be helpful to change the subject immediately upon your response. You can simply say, “no thank you”, and immediately follow with a question to distract the food pusher. 2 Keep it positive. Avoid making negative comments about the food, your body, or health condition when declining a food pusher. 3 . Praise the chef for their hard work and how amazing the food looks or smells while politely saying no. 4 Communicating your boundaries honestly and openly puts you back in control of what you eat and lets others know your wants and needs. Remember, you’re allowed to say no without feeling guilty. Avoid challenging situations. You know your food preferences. Take time beforehand to research the restaurant or ask about the menu so you can be sure there’s food you can eat. 5 Even if you can’t find the “right” way to say no, chances are no permanent damage will be done to the relationships in your life when you do, so stick to your guns. Remember, no one but you is in control of your own behavior. You have the right to make your personal health a top priority. A. Stay honest. B. Instead, keep it light. C. Hold your boundaries. D. It may be something like “what are your plans for this weekend?” E. It may be uncomfortable, but you’ll have to kindly repeat yourself. F. Having that information will empower you to make suitable choices. G. Learning how to say no will help you cope with similar experiences. Passage 6 （23-24高一下•湖北武汉•期中） Recently, I conducted a survey exploring the obstacles preventing people from journaling (写日志). 1 Therefore, today I introduce to you a practical tool-the MicroMOVEment Wheel. This tool aims to assist you in overcoming these barriers and help you pick up your journal, even at times when you feel unmotivated. 2 She developed it primarily as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. Although originally targeted at writers, this technique can be used by anyone to complete any project in a fun and creative way. 3 Here’s how it works: Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the center circle, write down what you aspire to achieve or what inspires you. Remember, journaling shouldn’t feel like a chore in your day: instead, make it an enjoyable and expressive outlet. So, craft descriptions for your journal entries that are encouraging and energizing. 4 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Now, imagine you’re new to journaling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day. you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 5 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. By keeping the steps concise, they become doable and achievable. A. There are no fixed rules when it comes to journaling. B. Next, divide the remaining circle into eight equal parts. C. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are tiring and time-consuming. D. Among the top responses were confusion about where to start and a lack of time. E. Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. F. The essence of this method lies in breaking down your actions into the smallest steps. G. The MicroMOVEment Wheel was created by the international best-selling author, SARK. Passage 7 （23-24高一下·湖北·期中） Upon reflection of the ideal social moral code (准则) within one sentence, it would be: be constructive (建设性的), not destructive (毁坏性的). 1 Sometimes it is difficult to determine if an act is exactly constructive or destructive. One problem is that a behaviour can be both constructive and destructive to different degrees. 2 You get a thought in your mind to spank (打屁股) him as a punishment. However, you start to feel confused. It might show him that not listening to you and breaking things is not welcome, but on the other hand, spanking him will hurt him physically and perhaps teach him to use force in situations later in life. 3 However, through your own reasoning, you can decide to what degree it would be beneficial or harmful to him and the situation at hand. 4 For example, for some people, construction can never involve violence, while for others, it could even be an unavoidable part. Take the example of killing Hitler. Killing someone is definitely termed a destructive act. However, in light of the circumstances, I would assume that the majority of people would agree that killing Hitler would be seen as a constructive act. Therefore, our definitions often determine our values. Additionally, construction can be seen as good to some, and bad to others. What a majority might take as a constructive might be seen as destructive to a minority. Is there a way to determine which side is correct? It is almost impossible. 5 Many examples in history have proved this. Though I consider “Be constructive, not destructive” the most solid one-sentence social moral code, it is not without its challenges. However, I cannot imagine a better code in a social context. A. It is a handy and universal policy. B. Though it sounds sensible, there are many troubles. C. There is no exact wrong or right in these moments. D. Other times it is difficult to disagree with the majority. E. Being in the majority does not mean it is correct, or more proper. F. Say your son broke a glass vase after being warned several times. G. Another trouble to consider is the definition we give to construction and destruction. Passage 8 （23-24高一下·湖北武汉·期中） Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar. 1 Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind. In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century. 2 During the Tang Dynasty, poems by Li Bai and Du Fu became very popular. Li Bai wrote poems celebrating things such as friendship, nature, and wine while Du’s most famous poems reflect on the effects of war on the people. 3 Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English. 4 From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese. Just like readers in the West, Chinese readers admire Shakespeare, John Milton and many others for their fine English poetry. The nature poems by William Wordsworth, Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley, George Gordon Byron’s Isles of Greece, and long poems by John Keats have long been favourites. Today, many Chinese people are becoming more interested in reading poems, no matter in what language they are written. 5 No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. A. Consequently, modern poems are totally different in styles and structures. B. Translations can be good, but reading in the original language is better. C. At about the same time, Chinese writers started reading more foreign poetry. D. Outside of Asia, the study of Chinese introduced the West to Chinese poetry. E. That makes poetry difficult to write but interesting to read. F. So only reading in the original language can really help to get the works’ spirit. G. As a result, most poetry today is written more freely, with lines of varying length. Passage 9 （23-24高一下·山东·期中） Going to concerts and live performances is a lot of fun. As a teen, you’ll want to prepare for the event far in advance in order to ensure that your concert experience is enjoyable. Check to make sure that the concert venue (场所) is for all ages. Some venues, particularly those that serve alcohol, will only allow entry for guests who are over 21 years old. 1 If you buy a ticket and get turned away at the door, you likely will not get your money back. Ask your parents for permission. 2 Have a conversation with your parents to figure out how you will travel to and from the concert, and talk about ground rules for staying safe at the event. Find a friend to go with. For your safety, it’s best not to attend concerts alone. 3 If you’re having trouble finding company, consider posting on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram to see if other people in your social network are interested. Buy tickets. If the concert is for a popular band, figure out exactly when the tickets go on sale. 4 Ticketmaster.com sells tickets for bigger shows, but if you’re going to a smaller show, look online at the venue’s website for information on how to buy tickets. Research venue policies and regulations. Find the venue’s web page to get a sense of what to expect, and to avoid any problem on the day of the concert. You should know how early the doors will open. 5 A. Knowing their music is a good idea. B. It you’re with friends, choose a landmark near the stage. C. Figure out if you’ll be able to bring your own food / water. D. It’s best to check in with your parents before you buy tickets. E. Find at least one friend and stick together on the day of the event. F. And buy them as soon as you can to make sure that the show won’t sell out. G. It’s best to research the venue’s age policies before you plan to attend a concert. Passage 10 （23-24学年高一下•山东省济宁5月月考） A recent survey shows that roughly 85 percent of people feel physical symptoms of stress. 1 , and they will help you feel more energetic tomorrow: • Double your chews Chewing is a super-important part of the digestion process. Chewing makes it easier for your body to break down food and turn it into energy. The most proper number of chews per bite is unclear. 2 . It will be easy for your body to break down the food and store energy. • Drink one less cup of coffee Although caffeine in coffee blocks your brain from receiving adenosine, which causes tiredness, it doesn’t stop your body from producing it. So once the caffeine disappears, it’s the buildup of adenosine that causes you to crash and reach for more caffeine, creating a bad circle. 3 , but drinking less coffee can help you feel more energetic over the long term. • Take a few deep breaths By not breathing deeply enough, you end up sending a signal to your nervous system that increases your anxiety even further. Changing your breathing habits by taking a few long, slow breaths throughout the day reduces the stress response while energizing your cells. 4 : Simply breathe in through your nose for a count of three and out through your mouth for a count of three. Repeat as necessary. • 5 Take some time to reflect on the positive by writing down three things that went smoothly during your day or just items you feel grateful for. This exercise can prepare your mind for what’s going right in your life, hitting the brakes on stress increases while helping to protect your energy reserves. A. Set down what went well today B. Try an exercise to achieve this C. Reflect on your day sometimes D. Reducing your reliance on it sounds scary E. Take a look at the small changes you can make today F. Shallow breathing is one of the annoying side effects of stress G. However, it’s been suggested that 25 to 40 times will be beneficial Passage 11 （24-25学年高一下•山东省实验中学3月月考） Xena Biffert, a district science consultant, started to do a lot of backward planning when taking students outside to meet curricular (课程的) outcomes. This approach allows curriculum connection and encourages students’ focus and interest to lead the way. Here are four tips for practicing backward planning with your students. 1 Know your curriculum. Many topics arise organically, and you can cover them through mini-lessons along the way. One way to deepen that knowledge is to print it out and make a habit of reviewing it daily. 2 First, you develop a familiarity with it. Second, you can see where you can make that connection naturally where the students’ interests meet. Begin the year with a learning plan and a mind map. Having guiding questions has helped Xena form and follow a plan for the year. 3 For example, “How are we all interconnected?” and “What is our story?” She can assess outcomes using this plan throughout the school year. Get students outside regularly. 4 This culture creates an opportunity to form and answer questions about what happens outdoors and how it connects to other topics. As the emergent learning arises and there is daily reflection on it, knowledge and understanding emerge. Through this intentional work and reflection, teachers will be well equipped to answer questions in the process. 5 It is important for students to reflect on their observations. We often don’t get time to reflect in our fast-paced classrooms. Often, reflection is combined with assessment. An easy starting point is journaling, because it is a thought process accessible to students in every grade. A. Outside learning builds a culture. B. Work out a plan for regular journaling. C. Make time for student reflection like journaling. D. Such guiding questions often arise in the backward planning. E. These may allow you greater flexibility to do outdoor learning. F. Her reasoning for looking at the curriculum every day is twofold. G. Xena creates a mind map using the big idea behind the questions. Passage 12 （23-24学年高一下•福建省永春4月月考） Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to? 1 FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem (自尊). While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire. 2 Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. So how do we avoid being trapped into our own insecurities by social media? Consider your own social media posts. 3 Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. 4 You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. Learn to shake it off. We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter? 5 And even if you are more easily affected than others by social media envy, all you need to do is to look around you and acknowledge that you are doing pretty well after all. A. If so, you are not alone. B. Value your friends in real life. C. Learn to appreciate the positives. D. Why does it have such a stimulating effect? E. They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. F. The feeling that we are left out has long-term damaging psychological consequences. G. Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? Passage 13 （23-24学年高一下•浙江省湖州4月月考） If you miss one of the old friends you’ve lost touch with and think about reaching out to them, you may worry about whether it’ll be just like old times, or uncomfortable and awkward. Here are some ways to help you avoid any awkwardness while reconnecting with an old friend. Reach out through social media. Connect with them through social media, text message or other means if you’re too nervous to make a phone call or to begin a meet up. Follow up on one of their most recent posts. 1 Show some love. If you’re really happy to connect with your old friend, make it a point to communicate that to them. 2 Sincere warmth can help lessen some of the awkwardness that may build up in a relationship. 3 Start conversation by bringing up a fun time you shared. It will transport you both back to that moment when you were close and help smooth over the “What are you up to now?” conversations that sound too rigid (死板). Display your interest. As you chat with your friend, try to pay attention and ask follow-up questions. 4 Empathizing (共鸣) with them can help you connect with them and get to know who they are today. Move past conflicts. Don’t talk a lot about your conflicts or the reasons why your friendship became less close. If it happens to come up naturally down the line, then feel free to address any possible hurt feelings. 5 In the beginning, just focus on what you had in common and the good times you shared together. A. Bring back a happy memory. B. Make detailed plans for the future. C. But better avoid taking the risk too soon. D. Update your friend on everything going on in your life. E. This shows you’re interested in what they’re sharing with you. F. Be warm with them and let them know how much it means to you. G. Then starting conversation about what they’re up to will be a natural thing. Passage 14 （23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中） Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. 1 It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. 2 As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. Hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. 3 They can also decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. And they can join a hobby class where all elderly people will learn music and art. 4 Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Social activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body. Fishing, boating, playing golf, etc, are enjoyed by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. 5 And some sports equipment should be changed for the convenience of the elderly. A. Elderly people are no exception to that. B. Dance is what people of any age can enjoy. C. They can record their dance in a video recorder. D. Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. E. The basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. F. Some may have the skills to play the piano, for example. G. Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. Passage 15 （23-24高一下·浙江丽水·4月月考） Let’s be friends! If you feel that making friends as an adult isn’t as easy as it used to be, you’re right. Though it becomes increasingly difficult, healthy friendships make a difference in our life. They can help us age better, deal with stress and live longer lives. 1 Be optimistic In a 2022 study, researchers found that people who received an unexpected communication, such as a small gift felt more grateful than the senders thought. Not surprisingly, a positive attitude can help us make friends. 2 If we think we’re going to be liked, we will become more likable. 3 “Write down the names of three to five people you know but would like to be closer to,” suggest experts. Then reach out to each of them: Send a text message, a shared photo, or an article that make you think of them. See if a small action might make a deeper connection. Branch out 4 Nobody gives you all you need. Just a few good mates can make all the difference. A 2020 Study found that those with three to five close friends had higher levels of satisfaction with life. Practice After the pandemic (疫情), many of us forgot how to socialize. 5 In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. And what do you know? In the end, people were less worried and more confident. A. Make a list B. Send messages C. Friendships don’t just happen. D. Don’t limit yourself to one close friend. E. Social skills are like muscles — we can work them. F. Here are tips for making and deepening friendships. G. But most of the time we don’t realize how much people like us. Passage 16 （23-24高一下·浙江金华·期中） People disagree about meaningful and small matters on a daily basis. Sometimes you know if you speak your mind you will upset someone. However, you often must express your opinion even if you know others will disagree. By choosing your words carefully you can avoid a long-term offense (冒犯) . “Ask people about their perspective (观点). Before being honest about how you feel, it’s important to know their perspective. This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation. 1 They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective. •Put yourself in their shoes. One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements. 2 Practise imagining how they view their own opinion and yours. Just because their perspective is different doesn’t mean it’s wrong. • 3 Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious negative behaviors such as making a face or making fun of their ideas. •Be polite in your responses. Whenever you try to avoid hurting others it is best to speak with kindness. Simple acts of kindness can make a big difference. They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn’t all about you speaking your mind. 4 •Express your perspective as opinion, not fact. This shows you value their perspective, even if you know the facts back you up. If they have an open mind, facts will change their perspective. If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks. 5 Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours. A. They have a right to be incorrect. B. It’s about them feeling valued. C. Control your words and body language. D. If they said that to you, would you be upset? E. Listening to others’ opinion is a very powerful way. F. Use facts and try to avoid letting your emotions run high. G. This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest. Passage 17 （23-24学年高一下•广东省佛山期中） Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 2 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 5 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. Passage 18 （23-24高三上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末） Why was school created? 1 Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment! If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is. 2 Sure, tests can be stressful, but think of how boring life would be if you didn’t get to learn new things and see other people so often! Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more. 3 In fact, education dates back to the very first humans ever to live on Earth. Why? To survive, every generation has found it necessary to pass on its knowledge, skills, values, and traditions to the next generation. How can they do this? Education! Each subsequent generation (后代) must be taught these things. 4 They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed. Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children. 5 A. In this way, the idea of school was born. B. The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years. C. At that time, schools focused on reading, writing, and maths. D. Ancient schools weren’t like the schools we know today, though. E. We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time. F. The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information. G. You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends. Passage 19 （23-24高一下·福建莆田·期中） As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. 1 This lies at the heart of “experiential (由经验得来的) appreciation”, a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. 2 As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. 3 Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. 4 After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. 5 So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. B. It extends learning far beyond textbooks. C. Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. D. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G. These activities bring learning to life. Passage 20 （23-24学年高一下•湖北省荆州5月月考） Have you ever felt the need to be alone for a while? I don’t mean situations when you should be alone, but occasions where you are with a group of people at a party or a restaurant. You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch. 1 Now before you rush to defense, please understand that being an introvert (内向的人) is completely normal. A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social. 2 They have friends, probably not as many as extroverts (外向的人), but enough to suit their needs for human interaction. Scientifically, all humans fall somewhere between being an introvert and being an extrovert, and at least 25 percent of us are introverts. 3 Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. While extroverts feel comfortable shaking hands and making jokes, introverts get increasingly exhausted. 4 For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm, with individuals reporting to suffer from loss of sleep, panic attacks and depression. 5 They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail. So, for the best results in a project involving group work, both introverts and extroverts are needed. A. Society appears to favor extroverts. B. Most introverts, however, are just regular people. C. These are feelings usually typical of an introvert. D. Introverts tend to recover by spending time alone. E. You might have ignored that “strange” thought you had before. F. Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages. G. Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?” 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 阅读理解之七选五 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下•山东省济南3月） Is Exercise the Key to Better Health? We’ve all heard that regular exercise is vital for staying healthy. 1 Research shows a clear answer: yes, especially if you mix up your activities to target different fitness areas. By doing so, you can keep your body in top shape and prevent health issues from arising. •How exercise boosts (促进) heart and lung health. 2 If you do a balanced routine that includes cardio (有氧运动), strength training, and flexibility exercises, your body gets better at using oxygen. When you exercise regularly, your heart and lungs work more efficiently, pumping oxygen-rich blood to your muscles and organs. This can lead to a lower risk of heart disease and improved respiratory (呼吸的) function. • 3 Lately, scientists have been exploring how physical activity affects our mental health. Wellness centers worldwide are now offering Mental Health Fitness Programs. These programs let people take part in exercises designed to enhance both physical and mental health. Regular exercise has been shown to greatly lower symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a better mood overall. It’s like a natural antidepressant (抗抑郁药) that doesn’t come with negative side effects. •How physical activity improves lifelong well- being. Staying active is a basis for a high-quality life. Exercise not only maintains your physical health and manages your emotions but also enhances your overall well-being. From hiking to swimming, physical activities can reduce stress, lift your spirits, and give you the energy to fully engage in the things you love. By keeping fit, you’re investing in a lifestyle that’s filled with energy. 4 While exercise is great, it’s important to pay attention to your body and avoid pushing too hard, which can lead to injuries. 5 This helps your body handle the workout and recover properly, ensuring you can continue to enjoy the benefits of exercise without interruption. In summary, making exercise a regular part of your life can lead to a happier, healthier you. A. The influence of exercise on physical health. B. But is it really the best solution to better health, as many experts suggest? C. The impact of exercise on mental health. D. This active lifestyle is also marked by a sense of accomplishment and joy. E. To stay safe and healthy, always warm up before you exercise and cool down afterward. F. Another big plus of regular exercise is that it can lift your spirits. G. Exercise strengthens your heart and lungs. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. C 4. D 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了运动对于健康的重要性，从多个方面阐述了运动对身体健康和心理健康的积极影响，以及如何通过运动改善终身福祉。 1. 根据空后内容“Research shows a clear answer: yes, especially if you mix up your activities to target different fitness areas.(研究表明，答案是肯定的，尤其是如果你能混合不同的活动来针对不同的健身领域。)”可知，这是对空处的回答，也就是说空处为一个疑问句。选项B“But is it really the best solution to better health, as many experts suggest?(但是，正如许多专家所建议的，运动真的是改善健康的最佳方法吗？)”是一个疑问句，且该选项的“改善健康”与上文的“staying healthy”相呼应。故选B。 2. 根据空后内容“If you do a balanced routine that includes cardio(有氧运动), strength training, and flexibility exercises, your body gets better at using oxygen. When you exercise regularly, your heart and lungs work more efficiently, pumping oxygen-rich blood to your muscles and organs. This can lead to a lower risk of heart disease and improved respiratory(呼吸的)function. (如果你做一个包括有氧运动、力量训练和柔韧性练习的均衡日常运动，你的身体会更善于利用氧气。当你规律运动时，你的心脏和肺部会更高效地工作，将富含氧气的血液输送到你的肌肉和器官。这可以降低患心脏病的风险，并改善呼吸功能。)”可知，下文提到运动如何增强心肺功能。选项G“Exercise strengthens your heart and lungs.(运动可以增强你的心肺功能。)”是下文内容的总结，与下文内容相符。故选G。 3. 空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据本段内容“Lately, scientists have been exploring how physical activity affects our mental health. Wellness centers worldwide are now offering Mental Health Fitness Programs. These programs let people take part in exercises designed to enhance both physical and mental health. Regular exercise has been shown to greatly lower symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a better mood overall.(最近，科学家们一直在探索体育活动如何影响我们的心理健康。世界各地的健康中心现在都在提供心理健康健身项目。这些项目让人们参加旨在增强身心健康的设计运动。研究表明，规律运动可以大大降低抑郁和焦虑的症状，从而使整体情绪变得更好。)”可知，本段主要讲述的运动对心理健康的积极影响。选项C“The impact of exercise on mental health.(运动对心理健康的影响)”与本段内容相符，适合做本段小标题。故选C。 4. 根据空前内容“By keeping fit, you’re investing in a lifestyle that’s filled with energy.(通过保持健康，你正在投资一种充满活力的生活方式。)”可知，上文提到通过运动保持健康能带来充满活力的生活方式。选项D“This active lifestyle is also marked by a sense of accomplishment and joy.(这种积极的生活方式还以成就感和快乐为标志。)”进一步补充说明了这种生活方式的特点。故选D。 5. 根据空前内容“While exercise is great, it’s important to pay attention to your body and avoid pushing too hard, which can lead to injuries.(虽然运动很好，但注意自己的身体，避免运动过度，否则可能会导致受伤，这是很重要的。)”可知，上文讲的是运动时要注意避免受伤。选项E“To stay safe and healthy, always warm up before you exercise and cool down afterward.(为了保持安全和健康，运动前总是要先热身，之后要缓一会。)”讲的是运动前后的注意事项，可以帮助避免受伤，与上文内容相符。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广西柳州·5月月考） Useful Tips for Setting Up a Blog in English There’s a little bit more to blogging than just writing. If you just jump into writing, you might miss out on some of the best parts of having a blog. 1 Pick a topic. What will your blog be about? Cooking? Movies? Your daily life? Learning English? Your blog should be about something that you enjoy writing about. 2 The theme could affect how you design it and what you name it, so take some time to think about this. Create a schedule. Writing in English regularly might seem easy, but it can be tough when you first start out. You don’t always “feel like” writing. 3 To prevent this problem, create a schedule for yourself when you first start. Maybe you will write every Saturday at 7 pm for a half hour, for example. Pick whatever works for you, as long as you stick to it. 4 A blog is more than a place online where you can learn English. But it can be a great place to start! Use your blogging to help you join English learning communities around the Internet, on social media or in online forums (论坛). Make connections. As you read other blogs, leave comments and join the conversation. 5 Connect with teachers and native speakers in person, online or through their own blogs. Find people who enjoy reading what you’ll be writing about, so your blog can have an audience. Once you have readers, ask them to correct your English and you will see some amazing growth as an English learner. A. Make your blog a greater place. B. Use the blog to branch out to other Internet resources. C. Invite friends and other English learners to read your blog. D. Sometimes you have to reschedule your plan all over again. E. When you first set up your blog, here are some tips to follow. F. And you might find yourself putting things off until a later time. G. Besides, it should also match with your goal for learning English. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. F 4. B 5. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了写好英语博客的几条建议。 1. 根据前文“There’s a little bit more to blogging than just writing. If you just jump into writing, you might miss out on some of the best parts of having a blog.(开博客不仅仅是写作。如果你只是直接进入写作，你可能会错过拥有博客的一些最佳部分)”可知，这里提出了开博客，选项引出下文，下面应提到一些做博客的步骤和技巧，所以选E“当你第一次建立你的博客时，这引出下文里有一些建议要遵循”切题。故选E项。 2. 根据前文“What will your blog be about? (你的博客会是什么主题)”以及后文“The theme could affect how you design it and what you name it, so take some time to think about this.(主题可能会影响你的设计和命名方式，所以要花些时间来考虑)”可知，选项承接上下文说明主题应该满足的要求。G项“此外，它还应符合你学习英语的目标”切题。故选G项。 3. 根据前文“Writing in English regularly might seem easy, but it can be tough when you first start out. You don’t always ‘feel like’ writing.(定期用英语写作看起来很容易，但在开始时可能会很难。你并不总是有写作的感觉)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文导致的不好结果。F项“而且你可能会发现自己把事情拖到以后再做”切题。故选F项。 4. 根据下文“A blog is more than a place online where you can learn English. But it can be a great place to start! Use your blogging to help you join English learning communities around the Internet, on social media or in online forums(论坛).(博客不仅仅是一个在线学习英语的地方。但这是一个很好的开始！利用博客帮助你加入互联网、社交媒体或在线论坛上的英语学习社区)”可知，本段主要讲使用博客扩展到其他互联网资源。故B选项“使用博客扩展到其他互联网资源”切题。为本段的标题。故选B项。 5. 根据上文“As you read other blogs, leave comments and join the conversation.(当你阅读其他博客时，留下评论并加入讨论)”可知，选项承接上文继续说明建立联系的方法。故C选项“邀请朋友和其他英语学习者阅读你的博客”切题。故选C项。 Passage 3 （23-24学年高一下•福建省福州期中） Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. 1 We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities. Guide kids to find their own solution As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. 2 While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there. Let kids find their own fun 3 It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own.      Trust your child to act in their best interest (or fake it) Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. 4 Don’t forget to support yourself Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. 5 If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices. A. It may work. B. Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom. C. That can mean we have to support them in different ways. D. So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day. E. And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it. F. Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others. G. It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now. 【答案】1. G 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍使用自主支持型养育方法时需要注意的四个方面。 1. 根据下文“We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults.”（我们应该认识到，儿童的观点和经历与成人不同。）可知，空处承接下文说的是要理解孩子。故G选项“图理解孩子们对正在发生的事情的体验”切题。故选G项。 2. 根据上文“As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently.”（任何有不止一个孩子的父母都会告诉你，孩子们的发展是不同的）可知，空处与上文为因果关系。故C选项“这可能意味着我们必须以不同的方式支持他们”切题，说明了家长应该怎么做。故选C项。 3. 根据下文“It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times.”（这对孩子来说是一种伤害，而且需要父母随时成为他们的巡航指挥）可知，孩子们不知道如何应对无聊，所以带来了伤害。故B选项“我们的孩子不知道如何应对无聊”切题。故选B项。 4. 根据上文“For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds.”（如果你问你的孩子什么时候是做家庭作业的最佳时间，并且他们告诉你是在早上上学前，那你就支持他们，让他们试一试，无论这听起来多么奇怪）可知，空处说明产生的效果。故A选项“这可能会奏效”切题。故选A项。 5. 根据“Don’t forget to support yourself”（别忘了支持自己）以及“No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy.”（管你的孩子多大，采用这种方式并不容易）可知，如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己。故D选项“如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己”切题。故选D项。 Passage 4 （23-24学年高一下•福建省福州4月月考） Learning to Love Locally-Grown Foods Cooking shows on TV are usually all about foreign foods. Thanks to globalization, people everywhere are introducing their taste buds to dishes from every corner of the world. 1 In the past few years, the number of people purchasing local foods has been rising because it offers a lot of benefits. For starters, local food is often tastier because it is fresher. Imported goods must be flown or shipped in from far away, so they naturally lose some of their freshness during the journey. 2 These materials may cause the nutritional value of these goods to decline during the shipping process. Food safety is another reason why people are choosing local produce. Today’s laws regarding foods vary from country to country. 3 But when you know the local farmer who grows your food, the chances of it being polluted are greatly reduced. Buying local foods can also have a beneficial impact on the environment. Buying local, consumers can maintain green space and farmland in their communities. Besides, if farmers can sell directly to consumers, they will earn more money for their families. Additional profits also enable farmers to better care for their soil and keep quality standards high. 4 5 This is an open area where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, and meat directly to the public. Once you experience the freshness of local foods for yourself, it might be tough to go back to the supermarket. A. In the end, it’s a win-win situation. B. However, some disagree with the idea. C. To conclude, the farmers can make more money. D. Imported goods must also be packaged in plastic or other containers. E. This makes it difficult to detect if any harmful chemicals have been used. F. At the same time, other people are discovering food from their area is the best. G. If you’re interested in having more local foods, you can even attend a farmers’ market. 【答案】1. F 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍购买本地食物也会对环境产生有益的影响，所以作者建议我们学会爱上当地种植的食物。 1. 根据后文“In the past few years, the number of people purchasing local foods has been rising because it offers a lot of benefits.(在过去的几年里，购买当地食品的人数一直在上升，因为它提供了很多好处)”可知，下文提到在过去的几年里购买当地食物的人数在上升，说明人们发现了当地食物的好处。故F选项“与此同时，其他人发现他们所在地区的食物是最好的”符合语境，故选F。 2. 根据上文“For starters, local food is often tastier because it is fresher. Imported goods must be flown or shipped in from far away, so they naturally lose some of their freshness during the journey.(首先，当地的食物通常更新鲜，所以味道更好。进口货物必须从很远的地方空运或运来，所以在运输过程中它们自然会失去一些新鲜度)”以及后文“These materials may cause the nutritional value of these goods to decline during the shipping process. (这些材料可能会导致这些货物的营养价值在运输过程中下降)”可知，后文提到了某种材料会导致货物的营养价值下降，可知本句是在说明是什么物质。故D选项“进口货物也必须用塑料或其他容器包装”符合语境，故选D。 3. 根据上文“Food safety is another reason why people are choosing local produce. Today’s laws regarding foods vary from country to country.(食品安全是人们选择当地农产品的另一个原因。今天关于食品的法律因国家而异)”可知，本句承接上文说明“关于食品的法律因国家而异”的结果：使得很难检测是否使用了任何有害化学物质，故E选项“这使得很难检测是否使用了任何有害化学物质”符合语境，故选E。 4. 根据上文“Buying local foods can also have a beneficial impact on the environment. Buying local, consumers can maintain green space and farmland in their communities. Besides, if farmers can sell directly to consumers, they will earn more money for their families. Additional profits also enable farmers to better care for their soil and keep quality standards high.(购买当地食品也可以对环境产生有益的影响。在当地购买，消费者可以在他们的社区保持绿色空间和农田。此外，如果农民可以直接卖给消费者，他们将为他们的家庭赚更多的钱。额外的利润也使农民能够更好地保护他们的土壤，并保持高质量标准)”可知，本段主要介绍购买本地食物给本地消费者和农民都会带来好处。故A选项“最终，这是一个双赢的局面”符合语境，故选A。 5. 根据后文“This is an open area where farmers sell fruits, vegetables, and meat directly to the public. Once you experience the freshness of local foods for yourself, it might be tough to go back to the supermarket.(这是一个开放的区域，农民在这里直接向公众出售水果、蔬菜和肉类。一旦你亲身体验了当地食物的新鲜，可能就很难再去超市了)”可知，本段主要是关于农贸市场的本地食物更加新鲜。故G选项“如果你对更多的当地食物感兴趣，你甚至可以去农贸市场”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 5 （23-24学年高一下•湖北省宜昌3月月考） Aunt Suzy insists you have seconds before you’ve even finished your meal. Or you can count on your coworker to say things like, “I can’t believe you’re only going to have a salad for lunch! “These are both examples of food pushing. It’s common to find yourself in a situation where someone is pressuring you to eat or commenting on your food choices. Intentional or not, the pressure to eat can make you feel uncomfortable, or worse, disturb your dietary preferences. 1 Change the subject. It can be helpful to change the subject immediately upon your response. You can simply say, “no thank you”, and immediately follow with a question to distract the food pusher. 2 Keep it positive. Avoid making negative comments about the food, your body, or health condition when declining a food pusher. 3 . Praise the chef for their hard work and how amazing the food looks or smells while politely saying no. 4 Communicating your boundaries honestly and openly puts you back in control of what you eat and lets others know your wants and needs. Remember, you’re allowed to say no without feeling guilty. Avoid challenging situations. You know your food preferences. Take time beforehand to research the restaurant or ask about the menu so you can be sure there’s food you can eat. 5 Even if you can’t find the “right” way to say no, chances are no permanent damage will be done to the relationships in your life when you do, so stick to your guns. Remember, no one but you is in control of your own behavior. You have the right to make your personal health a top priority. A. Stay honest. B. Instead, keep it light. C. Hold your boundaries. D. It may be something like “what are your plans for this weekend?” E. It may be uncomfortable, but you’ll have to kindly repeat yourself. F. Having that information will empower you to make suitable choices. G. Learning how to say no will help you cope with similar experiences. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何拒绝食物推销者影响自己的饮食行为。 1. 前文“It’s common to find yourself in a situation where someone is pressuring you to eat or commenting on your food choices. Intentional or not, the pressure to eat can make you feel uncomfortable, or worse, disturb your dietary preferences.(你经常会发现自己处于一种有人强迫你吃东西或评论你的食物选择的境地。无论是否有意，饮食压力都会让你感到不舒服，或者更糟的是，扰乱你的饮食偏好。)”讲述了经常会有人强迫你进食或评论你的食物选择，这会产生负面的影响，再结合下文分段讲述的建议可知，空处应是说要学会拒绝别人对自己这么做，G项“学会说不将帮助你应对类似的经历。”符合题意。故选G。 2. 前文“You can simply say, ‘no thank you’, and immediately follow with a question to distract the food pusher.(你可以简单地说‘不，谢谢’，然后立即提出一个问题来分散食物推销者的注意力。)”讲述了可以提出问题来分散食物推销者的注意力，空处应举例讲述一个提问的例子，D项“这可能是‘你这个周末有什么计划？之类的话。’”符合题意。故选D。 3. 前文“Keep it positive. Avoid making negative comments about the food, your body, or health condition when declining a food pusher.(保持乐观。拒绝食物推销者时，避免对食物、身体或健康状况发表负面评论。)”讲述了在拒绝食物推销者时应该保持乐观，避免发表负面评论，空处应讲述建议做的事，B项“相反，保持轻松。”符合题意。故选B。 4. 空处是本段主旨句，根据后文“Communicating your boundaries honestly and openly puts you back in control of what you eat and lets others know your wants and needs. Remember, you’re allowed to say no without feeling guilty.(诚实、公开地沟通你的界限可以让你重新控制自己的饮食，让别人知道你的需求。记住，你可以说不而不感到内疚。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要诚实、公开地说明自己的界限，A项“保持诚实。”符合题意。故选A。 5. 前文“Take time beforehand to research the restaurant or ask about the menu so you can be sure there’s food you can eat.(事先花点时间研究一下餐厅或询问菜单，这样你就可以确定有你可以吃的食物。)”讲述了要提前花时间弄清楚餐厅里是否有自己可以吃的食物，空处应讲述弄清楚之后接下来应该怎么做，F项“掌握这些信息将使你能够做出适当的选择。”符合题意。故选F。 Passage 6 （23-24高一下•湖北武汉•期中） Recently, I conducted a survey exploring the obstacles preventing people from journaling (写日志). 1 Therefore, today I introduce to you a practical tool-the MicroMOVEment Wheel. This tool aims to assist you in overcoming these barriers and help you pick up your journal, even at times when you feel unmotivated. 2 She developed it primarily as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. Although originally targeted at writers, this technique can be used by anyone to complete any project in a fun and creative way. 3 Here’s how it works: Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the center circle, write down what you aspire to achieve or what inspires you. Remember, journaling shouldn’t feel like a chore in your day: instead, make it an enjoyable and expressive outlet. So, craft descriptions for your journal entries that are encouraging and energizing. 4 These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Now, imagine you’re new to journaling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day. you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. 5 The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. By keeping the steps concise, they become doable and achievable. A. There are no fixed rules when it comes to journaling. B. Next, divide the remaining circle into eight equal parts. C. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are tiring and time-consuming. D. Among the top responses were confusion about where to start and a lack of time. E. Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. F. The essence of this method lies in breaking down your actions into the smallest steps. G. The MicroMOVEment Wheel was created by the international best-selling author, SARK. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. F 4. B 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。 1. 根据上文“Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. (最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)”可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项“排在最前面的回答是不知道从哪里开始和时间不够”符合语境，故选D。 2. 根据上一段“Therefore, today I introduce to you a practical tool-the MicroMOVEment Wheel. This tool aims to assist you in overcoming these barriers and help you pick up your journal, even at times when you feel unmotivated.(因此，今天我给大家介绍一个实用的工具——微动轮。这个工具旨在帮助你克服这些障碍，帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你感到没有动力)”以及后文“She developed it primarily as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. Although originally targeted at writers, this technique can be used by anyone to complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她开发它主要是作为一个创造性的规划工具，为她的写作项目和目标。虽然最初是针对作家的，但这种技术可以被任何人使用，以一种有趣和创造性的方式完成任何项目)”可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，G选项SARK对应后文She。故G选项“微动轮是由国际畅销书作家SARK创造的”符合语境，故选G。 3. 根据后文“Here’s how it works: Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the center circle, write down what you aspire to achieve or what inspires you. Remember, journaling shouldn’t feel like a chore in your day: instead, make it an enjoyable and expressive outlet. So, craft descriptions for your journal entries that are encouraging and energizing.(它的工作原理是这样的:拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你渴望达到的目标或激励你的事情。记住，写日记不应该让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事:相反，让它成为一种享受和表达的方式。所以，在你的日志条目中，手工描述是鼓励和激励的)”以及后文“So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故F选项“这个方法的精髓在于把你的行动分解成最小的步骤”符合语境，故选F。 4. 根据上文“Take a blank sheet of paper and draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the center circle, write down what you aspire to achieve or what inspires you. Remember, journaling shouldn’t feel like a chore in your day: instead, make it an enjoyable and expressive outlet. So, craft descriptions for your journal entries that are encouraging and energizing.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你渴望达到的目标或激励你的事情。记住，写日记不应该让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事：相反，让它成为一种享受和表达的方式。所以，在你的日志条目中，手工描述是鼓励和激励的)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故B选项“接下来，把剩下的圆分成8等份”符合语境，故选B。 5. 根据上文“By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)”以及后文“The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故E选项“然后，列出与这个词相关的单词、图像或想法”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 7 （23-24高一下·湖北·期中） Upon reflection of the ideal social moral code (准则) within one sentence, it would be: be constructive (建设性的), not destructive (毁坏性的). 1 Sometimes it is difficult to determine if an act is exactly constructive or destructive. One problem is that a behaviour can be both constructive and destructive to different degrees. 2 You get a thought in your mind to spank (打屁股) him as a punishment. However, you start to feel confused. It might show him that not listening to you and breaking things is not welcome, but on the other hand, spanking him will hurt him physically and perhaps teach him to use force in situations later in life. 3 However, through your own reasoning, you can decide to what degree it would be beneficial or harmful to him and the situation at hand. 4 For example, for some people, construction can never involve violence, while for others, it could even be an unavoidable part. Take the example of killing Hitler. Killing someone is definitely termed a destructive act. However, in light of the circumstances, I would assume that the majority of people would agree that killing Hitler would be seen as a constructive act. Therefore, our definitions often determine our values. Additionally, construction can be seen as good to some, and bad to others. What a majority might take as a constructive might be seen as destructive to a minority. Is there a way to determine which side is correct? It is almost impossible. 5 Many examples in history have proved this. Though I consider “Be constructive, not destructive” the most solid one-sentence social moral code, it is not without its challenges. However, I cannot imagine a better code in a social context. A. It is a handy and universal policy. B. Though it sounds sensible, there are many troubles. C. There is no exact wrong or right in these moments. D. Other times it is difficult to disagree with the majority. E. Being in the majority does not mean it is correct, or more proper. F. Say your son broke a glass vase after being warned several times. G. Another trouble to consider is the definition we give to construction and destruction. 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. C 4. G 5. E 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章对行为建设性和破坏性的判断进行了详细讨论。 1. 根据前文“Upon reflection of the ideal social moral code (准则) within one sentence, it would be: be constructive (建设性的), not destructive (毁坏性的).(用一句话来反映理想的社会道德准则，应该是:建设性的，而不是破坏性的)”以及后文“Sometimes it is difficult to determine if an act is exactly constructive or destructive.(有时很难确定一个行为究竟是建设性的还是破坏性的)”可知，前句讲述一个理想的社会道德准则，后句讲述有时很难确定一个行为的性质，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Though it sounds sensible, there are many troubles.(虽然这听起来很明智，但有很多麻烦)”符合文意，承接上文，引出下文。故选B项。 2. 根据前文“One problem is that a behaviour can be both constructive and destructive to different degrees.(一个问题是，一种行为可能在不同程度上既有建设性，也有破坏性)”以及后文“You get a thought in your mind to spank (打屁股) him as a punishment. However, you start to feel confused. It might show him that not listening to you and breaking things is not welcome, but on the other hand, spanking him will hurt him physically and perhaps teach him to use force in situations later in life.(你脑子里想要打他屁股掌作为惩罚。然而，你开始感到困惑。这可能会让他知道不听你的话，弄坏东西是不受欢迎的，但另一方面，打他会伤害他的身体，也许会教会他在以后的生活中使用武力)”可知，前文提出本段主题，后面在举例详细说明，但是没给出孩子犯了什么错，所以空处应是孩子犯了什么错，F项“Say your son broke a glass vase after being warned several times.(假设你的儿子在被警告了几次之后打破了一个玻璃花瓶)”符合文意。故选F项。 3. 根据前文“You get a thought in your mind to spank (打屁股) him as a punishment. However, you start to feel confused. It might show him that not listening to you and breaking things is not welcome, but on the other hand, spanking him will hurt him physically and perhaps teach him to use force in situations later in life.(你脑子里想要打他屁股掌作为惩罚。然而，你开始感到困惑。这可能会让他知道不听你的话，弄坏东西是不受欢迎的，但另一方面，打他会伤害他的身体，也许会教会他在以后的生活中使用武力)”可知，C项“There is no exact wrong or right in these moments.(在这些时刻没有绝对的对错之分)”是对前文例子的总结，且和后文“However, through your own reasoning, you can decide to what degree it would be beneficial or harmful to him and the situation at hand.(然而，通过你自己的推理，你可以决定在多大程度上对他和手头的情况有益或有害)”构成转折关系，符合文意。故选C项。 4. 分析设空，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“For example, for some people, construction can never involve violence, while for others, it could even be an unavoidable part. Take the example of killing Hitler. Killing someone is definitely termed a destructive act. However, in light of the circumstances, I would assume that the majority of people would agree that killing Hitler would be seen as a constructive act. Therefore, our definitions often determine our values.(例如，对一些人来说，建筑永远不会涉及暴力，而对另一些人来说，它甚至可能是不可避免的一部分。以杀死希特勒为例。杀人绝对被称为破坏性行为。然而，鉴于这种情况，我认为大多数人会同意，杀死希特勒将被视为一种建设性的行为。因此，我们的定义往往决定了我们的价值观)”可知，本段主要讲述了一个行为的性质，取决于我们的定义，所以G项“Another trouble to consider is the definition we give to construction and destruction.(另一个需要考虑的问题是我们对建设和破坏的定义)”符合文意，为本段中心句，其中definition为同词复现。故选G项。 5. 根据前文“Additionally, construction can be seen as good to some, and bad to others. What a majority might take as a constructive might be seen as destructive to a minority. Is there a way to determine which side is correct? It is almost impossible.(此外，建设性行为对一些人来说是好事，对另一些人来说是坏事。多数人认为是建设性的东西，对少数人来说可能是破坏性的。有没有办法确定哪一方是正确的?这几乎是不可能的)”可知，前句提出问题，给出了直接回答，空处应是对其进一步解释，所以E项“Being in the majority does not mean it is correct, or more proper.(占多数并不意味着它是正确的，或更适当的)”符合文意。故选E项。 Passage 8 （23-24高一下·湖北武汉·期中） Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar. 1 Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind. In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century. 2 During the Tang Dynasty, poems by Li Bai and Du Fu became very popular. Li Bai wrote poems celebrating things such as friendship, nature, and wine while Du’s most famous poems reflect on the effects of war on the people. 3 Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English. 4 From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese. Just like readers in the West, Chinese readers admire Shakespeare, John Milton and many others for their fine English poetry. The nature poems by William Wordsworth, Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley, George Gordon Byron’s Isles of Greece, and long poems by John Keats have long been favourites. Today, many Chinese people are becoming more interested in reading poems, no matter in what language they are written. 5 No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. A. Consequently, modern poems are totally different in styles and structures. B. Translations can be good, but reading in the original language is better. C. At about the same time, Chinese writers started reading more foreign poetry. D. Outside of Asia, the study of Chinese introduced the West to Chinese poetry. E. That makes poetry difficult to write but interesting to read. F. So only reading in the original language can really help to get the works’ spirit. G. As a result, most poetry today is written more freely, with lines of varying length. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. D 4. C 5. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诗歌的历史以及传播。 1. 根据上文“Poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.(诗歌运用声音、词汇和语法)”以及后文“Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind.(诗歌用色彩、感情、经历和形象在你的脑海中描绘出一幅图画)”可知，本句承接上文，说明诗歌的特点，故E选项“这使得诗歌很难写，但读起来很有趣”符合语境，故选E。 2. 根据上文“In Chinese classical poetry, the form is very important: the correct number of lines and the number of characters in each line. Poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme. However, modern poets began to reject traditional structures for poetry in the 20th century.(在中国古典诗歌中，形式是非常重要的：正确的行数和每行的字符数。诗歌通常遵循特殊的节奏和韵律模式。然而，现代诗人在20世纪开始拒绝传统的诗歌结构)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，上文提到拒绝传统诗歌结构，说明结构发生了变化。故G选项“因此，今天的大多数诗歌写得更加自由，诗句长短不一”符合语境，故选G。 3. 根据后文“Americans were first introduced to classical Chinese poetry by American poet Ezra Pound (1885-1973). He translated 18 classical Chinese poems, mainly by Li Bai, into English.(美国人最早接触中国古典诗歌是由美国诗人庞德(1885-1973)。他把18首中国古诗，主要是李白的诗翻译成英文)”可知，后文主要说明了中国诗歌传播到西方。故D选项“在亚洲之外，汉语的研究将中国诗歌介绍给了西方”符合语境，故选D。 4. 根据后文“From around 1910 onwards, European literature came to China when some famous writers began to translate both poetry and novels into Chinese.(大约从1910年开始，欧洲文学进入中国，一些著名作家开始把诗歌和小说翻译成中文)”可知，后文提到欧洲文学进入中国，说明中国也开始阅读外国诗歌。故C选项“大约在同一时间，中国作家开始阅读更多的外国诗歌”符合语境，故选C。 5. 根据后文“No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.(无论一首诗翻译得多么好，它的某些精神都会丧失)”可知，后文提到翻译导致诗歌精神丧失，推测应该阅读原文，B选项中Translations对应后文translated。故B选项“翻译可以很好，但阅读原文更好”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 9 （23-24高一下·山东·期中） Going to concerts and live performances is a lot of fun. As a teen, you’ll want to prepare for the event far in advance in order to ensure that your concert experience is enjoyable. Check to make sure that the concert venue (场所) is for all ages. Some venues, particularly those that serve alcohol, will only allow entry for guests who are over 21 years old. 1 If you buy a ticket and get turned away at the door, you likely will not get your money back. Ask your parents for permission. 2 Have a conversation with your parents to figure out how you will travel to and from the concert, and talk about ground rules for staying safe at the event. Find a friend to go with. For your safety, it’s best not to attend concerts alone. 3 If you’re having trouble finding company, consider posting on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram to see if other people in your social network are interested. Buy tickets. If the concert is for a popular band, figure out exactly when the tickets go on sale. 4 Ticketmaster.com sells tickets for bigger shows, but if you’re going to a smaller show, look online at the venue’s website for information on how to buy tickets. Research venue policies and regulations. Find the venue’s web page to get a sense of what to expect, and to avoid any problem on the day of the concert. You should know how early the doors will open. 5 A. Knowing their music is a good idea. B. It you’re with friends, choose a landmark near the stage. C. Figure out if you’ll be able to bring your own food / water. D. It’s best to check in with your parents before you buy tickets. E. Find at least one friend and stick together on the day of the event. F. And buy them as soon as you can to make sure that the show won’t sell out. G. It’s best to research the venue’s age policies before you plan to attend a concert. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. E 4. F 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给出了一些建议以帮助青少年能够拥有愉快的音乐会体验。 1. 根据本段小标题“Check to make sure that the concert venue（场所）is for all ages.(确认音乐会场地适合所有年龄的人。)”可知，本段讲述的是要了解所进入场所的年龄要求。再根据空前内容“Some venues, particularly those that serve alcohol, will only allow entry for guests who are over 21 years old.(一些场所，特别是那些提供酒精饮料的场所，只允许21岁以上的客人进入。)”可知，空前提到了有些场所只允许21岁以上的客人进入。选项G“It’s best to research the venue’s age policies before you plan to attend a concert.(在你计划去听音乐会之前，最好先研究一下场地的年龄规定。)”是上文内容相符，指的是在去听音乐会之前要研究一下场地的年龄规定，同时与本段主题相符。故选G。 2. 根据空后内容“Have a conversation with your parents to figure out how you will travel to and from the concert, and talk about ground rules for staying safe at the event.(和你的父母商量一下你将如何去听音乐会，并讨论一下在活动中保持安全的基本规则。)”可知，应该和父母商量一下去音乐会的相关事宜。选项D“It’s best to check in with your parents before you buy tickets.(在你买票之前最好和你的父母确认一下。)”与下文内容相符，同时与小标题“Ask your parents for permission.(征求父母的同意。)”相一致。故选D。 3. 根据空前内容“For your safety, it’s best not to attend concerts alone.(为了你的安全，最好不要独自去听音乐会。)”可知，不要独自前往音乐会。选项E“Find at least one friend and stick together on the day of the event.(找到至少一个朋友，在活动当天聚在一起。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出不要独自前往音乐会，要找到一个朋友一起前往。故选E。 4. 根据空前内容“If the concert is for a popular band, figure out exactly when the tickets go on sale.(如果音乐会是为一个流行乐队举办的，弄清楚门票开始销售的确切时间。)”可知，要弄清楚音乐会门票的销售时间。选项F“And buy them as soon as you can to make sure that the show won’t sell out.(尽快买票，确保演出的票不会卖光。)”与上文内容一致，指的是确认销售时间以确保演出的票不会卖光。故选F。 5. 根据空前内容“Find the venue’s web page to get a sense of what to expect, and to avoid any problem on the day of the concert. You should know how early the doors will open.(找到场地的网页，了解会发生什么，并避免在音乐会当天出现任何问题。你应该知道开门的时间。)”以及本段小标题“Research venue policies and regulations.(研究场地政策法规。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要提前了解场地的政策规定。选项C“Figure out if you’ll be able to bring your own food / water.(弄清楚你是否可以自己带食物/水。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是要弄清楚所进入场地是否可以自己带食物和水等。故选C。 Passage 10 （23-24学年高一下•山东省济宁5月月考） A recent survey shows that roughly 85 percent of people feel physical symptoms of stress. 1 , and they will help you feel more energetic tomorrow: • Double your chews Chewing is a super-important part of the digestion process. Chewing makes it easier for your body to break down food and turn it into energy. The most proper number of chews per bite is unclear. 2 . It will be easy for your body to break down the food and store energy. • Drink one less cup of coffee Although caffeine in coffee blocks your brain from receiving adenosine, which causes tiredness, it doesn’t stop your body from producing it. So once the caffeine disappears, it’s the buildup of adenosine that causes you to crash and reach for more caffeine, creating a bad circle. 3 , but drinking less coffee can help you feel more energetic over the long term. • Take a few deep breaths By not breathing deeply enough, you end up sending a signal to your nervous system that increases your anxiety even further. Changing your breathing habits by taking a few long, slow breaths throughout the day reduces the stress response while energizing your cells. 4 : Simply breathe in through your nose for a count of three and out through your mouth for a count of three. Repeat as necessary. • 5 Take some time to reflect on the positive by writing down three things that went smoothly during your day or just items you feel grateful for. This exercise can prepare your mind for what’s going right in your life, hitting the brakes on stress increases while helping to protect your energy reserves. A. Set down what went well today B. Try an exercise to achieve this C. Reflect on your day sometimes D. Reducing your reliance on it sounds scary E. Take a look at the small changes you can make today F. Shallow breathing is one of the annoying side effects of stress G. However, it’s been suggested that 25 to 40 times will be beneficial 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. D 4. B 5. A 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种减压的方法。 1. 上文说人们感到有压力的身体症状，下文又介绍几种减压方法，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故E项（看看你今天能做的小改变）符合语境。 2. 根据本空前的“The most proper number of chews per bite is unclear.”可知，目前还不清楚每一口正确的咀嚼次数，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于咀嚼次数的内容，并与上文形成转折关系，故G项（然而，局建议25到40次是有益的）符合语境。 3. 根据本空后的“but drinking less coffee can help you feel more energetic over the long term”可知，少喝点咖啡，有助于你感到更有活力，根据连词but可知前后两句描述的语义重点是减少对咖啡的依赖，故D项（减少对它的依赖听起来很可怕）符合语境。 4. 冒号后的内容是具体描述如何进行呼吸练习，故B项（试着做个练习来达到这个目的）符合语境。 5. 根据本段“Take some time to reflect on the positive by writing down three things that went smoothly during your day or just items you feel grateful for.”可知，花点时间记下进展顺利的三件事或者只是让你心存感激的事情，故A项（把今天进展顺利的事情写下来）符合语境。 Passage 11 （24-25学年高一下•山东省实验中学3月月考） Xena Biffert, a district science consultant, started to do a lot of backward planning when taking students outside to meet curricular (课程的) outcomes. This approach allows curriculum connection and encourages students’ focus and interest to lead the way. Here are four tips for practicing backward planning with your students. 1 Know your curriculum. Many topics arise organically, and you can cover them through mini-lessons along the way. One way to deepen that knowledge is to print it out and make a habit of reviewing it daily. 2 First, you develop a familiarity with it. Second, you can see where you can make that connection naturally where the students’ interests meet. Begin the year with a learning plan and a mind map. Having guiding questions has helped Xena form and follow a plan for the year. 3 For example, “How are we all interconnected?” and “What is our story?” She can assess outcomes using this plan throughout the school year. Get students outside regularly. 4 This culture creates an opportunity to form and answer questions about what happens outdoors and how it connects to other topics. As the emergent learning arises and there is daily reflection on it, knowledge and understanding emerge. Through this intentional work and reflection, teachers will be well equipped to answer questions in the process. 5 It is important for students to reflect on their observations. We often don’t get time to reflect in our fast-paced classrooms. Often, reflection is combined with assessment. An easy starting point is journaling, because it is a thought process accessible to students in every grade. A. Outside learning builds a culture. B. Work out a plan for regular journaling. C. Make time for student reflection like journaling. D. Such guiding questions often arise in the backward planning. E. These may allow you greater flexibility to do outdoor learning. F. Her reasoning for looking at the curriculum every day is twofold. G. Xena creates a mind map using the big idea behind the questions. 【答案】1. E 2. F 3. G 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地区科学顾问 Xena Biffert 在带学生到户外实现课程目标时所采用的逆向规划方法，并给出了四个关于如何与学生一起实践逆向规划的建议。 1. 根据上文“Here are four tips for practicing backward planning with your students.(以下是与学生一起实践逆向规划的四个建议。)”可知，接下来要讲的是与这些建议有关，而选项E“These may allow you greater flexibility to do outdoor learning.(这些可能会让你在进行户外学习时有更大的灵活性。)”中的“These”指代的正是“four tips”，且与户外学习相关，引出下文具体建议，符合语境。故选E。 2. 根据上文“One way to deepen that knowledge is to print it out and make a habit of reviewing it daily.(加深对课程知识了解的一种方法是把它打印出来，养成每天复习的习惯。)”可知，上文建议要养成每天复习的习惯。而下文“First, you develop a familiarity with it. Second, you can see where you can make that connection naturally where the students’ interests meet.(首先，你会对它产生熟悉感。其次，你可以看到在哪里可以自然地将课程与学生的兴趣联系起来。)”则讲述了每天复习的原因。选项F“Her reasoning for looking at the curriculum every day is twofold.(她每天查看课程的理由有两个方面。)”符合语境，其中“twofold”与下文的“First” 和“Second”相呼应。故选F。 3. 根据上文“Having guiding questions has helped Xena form and follow a plan for the year.(有指导性的问题帮助Xena制定并遵循了一年的计划。)”可知，有指导性的问题帮助她制定了一年的计划。选项G“Xena creates a mind map using the big idea behind the questions.(Xena 利用这些问题背后的大概念创建了一个思维导图。)”自然延续上文内容，指出这些问题背后的大概念帮助Xena创建了一个思维导图。其中的“the questions”指的正是上文中的“guiding questions”。故选G。 4. 根据下文“This culture creates an opportunity to form and answer questions about what happens outdoors and how it connects to other topics.(这种文化创造了一个机会，让学生形成并回答关于户外发生的事情以及它与其他主题如何联系的问题。)”可推测，空处提到了一种文化。选项A“Outside learning builds a culture.(户外学习建立了一种文化。)”中的“Outside learning”与小标题“Get students outside regularly.(定期让学生到户外去。)”相呼应。其中的“culture”和下文的“this culture”相衔接。故选A。 5. 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It is important for students to reflect on their observations. We often don’t get time to reflect in our fast-paced classrooms. Often, reflection is combined with assessment. An easy starting point is journaling, because it is a thought process accessible to students in every grade.(让学生反思他们的观察结果是很重要的。在我们快节奏的课堂上，我们常常没有时间进行反思。反思通常与评估相结合。一个简单的起点是写日记，因为这是每个年级的学生都可以参与的思考过程。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是让学生有时间反思，如写日记。选项C“Make time for student reflection like journaling.(为学生留出像写日记这样的反思时间。)”是本段内容的概括。故选C。 Passage 12 （23-24学年高一下•福建省永春4月月考） Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to? 1 FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem (自尊). While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire. 2 Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. So how do we avoid being trapped into our own insecurities by social media? Consider your own social media posts. 3 Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. 4 You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. Learn to shake it off. We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter? 5 And even if you are more easily affected than others by social media envy, all you need to do is to look around you and acknowledge that you are doing pretty well after all. A. If so, you are not alone. B. Value your friends in real life. C. Learn to appreciate the positives. D. Why does it have such a stimulating effect? E. They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. F. The feeling that we are left out has long-term damaging psychological consequences. G. Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. G 4. C 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免社交媒体中的嫉妒感。 1. 根据前句“Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to?(你是否经常感到生活离你而去，尤其是当你浏览社交媒体网站时，面对着朋友们正在做的所有令人兴奋的事情?)”及下一段“FOMO, or Fear of Missing Out refers to the perception that other people’s lives are superior to our own. It appears as a deep sense of envy, and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem(自尊).(FOMO指的是别人的生活比我们自己的生活更优越的看法。它表现为一种强烈的嫉妒感，持续暴露在这种情绪下会削弱我们的自尊。)”可知，空处为承上启下句，即强烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感觉，引出下文对FOMO的介绍。所以选择项A“If so, you are not alone.(如果是这样，你并不孤单。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。 2. 根据前句“While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature, social media seems to have added fuel to the fire. (嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人类的天性，而社交媒体似乎在火上浇油。)”和后文“Social media, with its built-in appeal, allows us to share only the best presentations of our life, while leaving out the more boring aspects. Although this could be characterized as dishonest, it is the atmosphere social media seems to demand. (社交媒体，以其固有的吸引力，让我们只分享我们生活中最好的一面，而忽略了更无聊的方面。虽然这可以被定性为不诚实，但这似乎是社交媒体所需要的氛围。)”可知，空处提问社交媒体为什么会有火上浇油的刺激作用，以引出下文对其原因的介绍。所以选择项D“Why does it have such a stimulating effect? (为什么它有这样的刺激作用？)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 3. 根据前句“Consider your own social media posts. (考虑一下你自己的社交媒体帖子。)”和后文“Well, so have others. And what they’ve left hidden is the fact that boredom, loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone’s life, and you’re not the only one feeling left out. (其他人也是如此。而他们所隐藏的事实是，无聊、孤独和不愉快的家务是每个人生活中不可避免的一部分，你不是唯一一个被忽略的人。)”可知，呈现在社交媒体上一般都是经过选择过的，代表生活美好方面的。所以选择项G“Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? (你有没有选择过一些照片，让别人对你的生活得出最美好的结论？)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 4. 空处为本段主题句，根据后文“You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks, but you have your health, a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives. (你可能不是高档派对的常客，也不是攀登令人眼花缭乱的高峰的人，但你有健康的身体，有居住的地方，有真正的朋友，他们会欣赏你在他们生活中的存在。)”可知，本段主要介绍要学会欣赏积极的事物。所以选择项C“Learn to appreciate the positives. (学会欣赏积极的事物。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 5. 根据前句“We are all flooded daily with photos of other people’s perfections, but really, what does it matter? (我们每天都被别人完美的照片淹没，但说真的，这有什么关系呢?)”可知，我们不能社交媒体上的完美照片的影响，因为它们不一定是真实的。所以选择项E“They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show. (它们可能并不比最有趣的电视真人秀更真实。)”符合上下文语境。故选E。 Passage 13 （23-24学年高一下•浙江省湖州4月月考） If you miss one of the old friends you’ve lost touch with and think about reaching out to them, you may worry about whether it’ll be just like old times, or uncomfortable and awkward. Here are some ways to help you avoid any awkwardness while reconnecting with an old friend. Reach out through social media. Connect with them through social media, text message or other means if you’re too nervous to make a phone call or to begin a meet up. Follow up on one of their most recent posts. 1 Show some love. If you’re really happy to connect with your old friend, make it a point to communicate that to them. 2 Sincere warmth can help lessen some of the awkwardness that may build up in a relationship. 3 Start conversation by bringing up a fun time you shared. It will transport you both back to that moment when you were close and help smooth over the “What are you up to now?” conversations that sound too rigid (死板). Display your interest. As you chat with your friend, try to pay attention and ask follow-up questions. 4 Empathizing (共鸣) with them can help you connect with them and get to know who they are today. Move past conflicts. Don’t talk a lot about your conflicts or the reasons why your friendship became less close. If it happens to come up naturally down the line, then feel free to address any possible hurt feelings. 5 In the beginning, just focus on what you had in common and the good times you shared together. A. Bring back a happy memory. B. Make detailed plans for the future. C. But better avoid taking the risk too soon. D. Update your friend on everything going on in your life. E. This shows you’re interested in what they’re sharing with you. F. Be warm with them and let them know how much it means to you. G. Then starting conversation about what they’re up to will be a natural thing. 【答案】1. G 2. F 3. A 4. E 5. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了可以帮助你在与老朋友重新联系时避免尴尬的一些方法。 1. 根据上文“Reach out through social media. Connect with them through social media, text message or other means if you’re too nervous to make a phone call or to begin a meet up. Follow up on one of their most recent posts. (通过社交媒体联系。如果你太紧张而不敢打电话或开始见面，可以通过社交媒体、短信或其他方式与他们联系。跟进他们最近的一个帖子)”可知，本句承接上文说明跟进帖子之后的做法：开始谈论他们在做什么将是一件很自然的事情。故G选项“然后开始谈论他们在做什么将是一件很自然的事情”符合语境，故选G。 2. 根据上文“Show some love. If you’re really happy to connect with your old friend, make it a point to communicate that to them. (表达一些爱。如果你真的很高兴和你的老朋友联系，那就把这一点告诉他们)”以及后文“Sincere warmth can help lessen some of the awkwardness that may build up in a relationship. (真诚的温暖可以帮助减少一些可能在关系中建立起来的尴尬)”可知，后文提到了真诚的温柔，说明要温柔对待老朋友。故F选项“温暖地对待他们，让他们知道这对你有多重要”符合语境，故选F。 3. 根据后文“Start conversation by bringing up a fun time you shared. It will transport you both back to that moment when you were close and help smooth over the “What are you up to now?” conversations that sound too rigid (死板). (用你们一起度过的一段有趣的时光来开始谈话。它会把你们两个都带回到你们亲密的那一刻，并帮助平息“你现在在做什么？”听起来太死板的对话)”可知，后文提到了带回到亲密的那一刻，说明要用对话回忆美好的记忆，故A选项“唤起快乐的回忆”符合语境，故选A。 4. 根据上文“Display your interest. As you chat with your friend, try to pay attention and ask follow-up questions. (表现出你的兴趣。当你和你的朋友聊天时，试着集中注意力并问一些后续问题)”可知，本句继续说明这些问题的作用：表明你对他们和你分享的东西很感兴趣。故E选项“这表明你对他们和你分享的东西很感兴趣”符合语境，故选E。 5. 根据上文“Move past conflicts. Don’t talk a lot about your conflicts or the reasons why your friendship became less close. If it happens to come up naturally down the line, then feel free to address any possible hurt feelings. (放下过去的冲突。不要过多地谈论你们之间的矛盾或你们的友谊变得不那么亲密的原因。如果这是自然而然地发生的，那么就随意地说出任何可能的伤害感)”以及后文“In the beginning, just focus on what you had in common and the good times you shared together.(刚开始的时候，只关注你们的共同点和你们一起度过的美好时光)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出避免太早说出别人对自己的伤害。故C选项“但最好避免过早冒险”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 14 （23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中） Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. 1 It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. 2 As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. Hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. 3 They can also decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. And they can join a hobby class where all elderly people will learn music and art. 4 Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Social activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body. Fishing, boating, playing golf, etc, are enjoyed by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. 5 And some sports equipment should be changed for the convenience of the elderly. A. Elderly people are no exception to that. B. Dance is what people of any age can enjoy. C. They can record their dance in a video recorder. D. Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. E. The basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. F. Some may have the skills to play the piano, for example. G. Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. A 4. F 5. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇主要推荐了一些适合老年人做的社交活动，这些活动大多运动量不大，有益老年人的身心健康。 1. 根据下文“It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them.(他们可能很难照顾整个花园，但一些小型盆栽室内植物正适合他们)”可知，照顾整个花园对老人来说可能太过困难。由此推知，上文提到了老人照顾花园的工作。G项“园艺是老年人非常喜欢的一种典型活动”符合文意，gardening呼应下文的garden。故选G。 2. 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance.(由于老年人不能自由活动，轮椅舞变得越来越流行。聚集一群对舞蹈感兴趣的人)”可知，本段建议老人通过跳舞进行社交。B项“舞蹈是所有年龄段的人都可以做的”符合本段主旨。故选B。 3. 根据上文“All of us love to look at the old photographs.(我们所有人都喜欢看那些旧照片)”可知，所有人都喜欢老照片。由此推知，老人也不例外。A项“老人也不例外”符合文意。故选A。 4. 根据上文“And they can join a hobby class where all elderly people will learn music and art.(他们还可以参加一个业余班，所有老年人都可以在那里学习音乐和艺术)”可知，本段在讲老年人可以做一些艺术、音乐活动。F项“例如，有些人可能有弹钢琴的技能”符合本段主旨，弹钢琴属于音乐和艺术的范畴。故选F。 5. 根据上文“Fishing, boating, playing golf, etc, are enjoyed by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements.(老年人喜欢钓鱼、划船、打高尔夫球等，因为他们可以用最少的体力活动)”可知，上文提到了一些老人可以参与的户外活动。由此推知，空处陈述他们可以参与的一些室内活动。D项“在室内，有带有自适应控制的视频游戏”符合文意。故选D。 Passage 15 （23-24高一下·浙江丽水·4月月考） Let’s be friends! If you feel that making friends as an adult isn’t as easy as it used to be, you’re right. Though it becomes increasingly difficult, healthy friendships make a difference in our life. They can help us age better, deal with stress and live longer lives. 1 Be optimistic In a 2022 study, researchers found that people who received an unexpected communication, such as a small gift felt more grateful than the senders thought. Not surprisingly, a positive attitude can help us make friends. 2 If we think we’re going to be liked, we will become more likable. 3 “Write down the names of three to five people you know but would like to be closer to,” suggest experts. Then reach out to each of them: Send a text message, a shared photo, or an article that make you think of them. See if a small action might make a deeper connection. Branch out 4 Nobody gives you all you need. Just a few good mates can make all the difference. A 2020 Study found that those with three to five close friends had higher levels of satisfaction with life. Practice After the pandemic (疫情), many of us forgot how to socialize. 5 In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. And what do you know? In the end, people were less worried and more confident. A. Make a list B. Send messages C. Friendships don’t just happen. D. Don’t limit yourself to one close friend. E. Social skills are like muscles — we can work them. F. Here are tips for making and deepening friendships. G. But most of the time we don’t realize how much people like us. 【答案】1. F 2. G 3. A 4. D 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了建立和加深友谊的一些建议。 1. 前文“They can help us age better, deal with stress and live longer lives.(它们可以帮助我们更好地衰老，应对压力，延长寿命)”提到友谊的好处，下文介绍了建立友谊的方法，F项“这里有一些建立和加深友谊的建议”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 2. 根据下文“If we think we’re going to be liked, we will become more likable.(如果我们认为自己会被喜欢，我们就会变得更讨人喜欢)”可知，此处是关于自己是否被别人喜欢，G项“但大多数时候，我们没有意识到人们有多喜欢我们”与下文语义一致，符合语境，故选G。 3. 根据本段中“Write down the names of three to five people you know but would like to be closer to(写下三到五个你认识但想亲近的人的名字)”可知，本段是关于写下自己想认识的人的名字，A项“列清单”适合作为本段小标题，故选A。 4. 根据本段小标题“Branch out(拓展)”以及下文“Nobody gives you all you need. Just a few good mates can make all the difference.(没有一个人能给你你所需要的全部。几个好伴侣就能改变一切)”可知，本段是说不要局限于一个人，三五好友就能改变一切，D项“不要把自己局限于一个亲密的朋友”符合语境，故选D。 5. 根据本段小标题“Practice(练习)”以及下文“In a 2022 study, participants were required to talk to strangers every day for a week. And what do you know? In the end, people were less worried and more confident.(在2022年的一项研究中，参与者被要求在一周内每天与陌生人交谈。你知道什么？最后，人们不那么担心了，更有信心了)”可知，本段是建议不断练习社交，最后会变得更有信心，E项“社交技能就像肌肉，我们可以锻炼它们”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 16 （23-24高一下·浙江金华·期中） People disagree about meaningful and small matters on a daily basis. Sometimes you know if you speak your mind you will upset someone. However, you often must express your opinion even if you know others will disagree. By choosing your words carefully you can avoid a long-term offense (冒犯) . “Ask people about their perspective (观点). Before being honest about how you feel, it’s important to know their perspective. This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation. 1 They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective. •Put yourself in their shoes. One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements. 2 Practise imagining how they view their own opinion and yours. Just because their perspective is different doesn’t mean it’s wrong. • 3 Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious negative behaviors such as making a face or making fun of their ideas. •Be polite in your responses. Whenever you try to avoid hurting others it is best to speak with kindness. Simple acts of kindness can make a big difference. They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn’t all about you speaking your mind. 4 •Express your perspective as opinion, not fact. This shows you value their perspective, even if you know the facts back you up. If they have an open mind, facts will change their perspective. If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks. 5 Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours. A. They have a right to be incorrect. B. It’s about them feeling valued. C. Control your words and body language. D. If they said that to you, would you be upset? E. Listening to others’ opinion is a very powerful way. F. Use facts and try to avoid letting your emotions run high. G. This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们几条关于如何在不伤害他人感情的情况下保持诚实的建议。 1. 根据上文“This gives you a chance to show genuine interest and have a conversation. (这给了你一个表现出真正的兴趣和交谈的机会。)”和下文“They may even end their explanation with a request to hear your perspective.(他们甚至可能在解释结束时要求听听你的观点。)”可知，空处和上下文保持一致，说明询问别人观点带来的好处。G项中的“This may also give”和上文的“This gives”对应。G项：This may also give you opportunities to speak up and be honest.(这也会给你机会说出自己的想法，做到诚实。)符合语境。故选G。 2. 根据段落主题句“Put yourself in their shoes.(设身处地地为他们着想。)”和上文“One of the simplest ways to avoid hurting feelings is to imagine how they will respond to your statements.(避免伤害感情的最简单的方法之一就是想象他们会如何回应你的陈述。)”可知，空处承接上文，说明要站在别人的角度考虑问题。D项：If they said that to you, would you be upset?(如果他们那样对你说，你会生气吗？)切题。故选D项。 3. 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Be careful with your honesty. You want to speak the truth in kindness. That means avoiding obvious disapproving behaviours such as making a face or making fun of their ideas. (小心你的诚实。你想用善意说真话。这意味着要避免明显的不赞成行为，比如做鬼脸或取笑他们的想法。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要注意自己的言语和肢体语言。C项：Control your words and body language.(控制你的言语和肢体语言。)符合语境。故选C。 4. 根据上文“They convey respect and show that you value the other person. This situation isn’t all about you speaking your mind.（他们传达了尊重，并表明你重视对方。这种情况不需要完全说出你的想法。）”可知，选项承接上文说明这种情况需要的结果。B选项“而是让他们感到被重视”符合语境。故选B项。 5. 根据上文“If they do not have an open mind, facts will feel like personal attacks.（如果他们没有开放的心态，事实会让人感觉像是人身攻击）”和下文“Allow them to discover the truth in their own way, not yours.（让他们用自己的方式，而不是你的方式去发现真相。）”可知，认为你说的不对是他们的权利，让他们用自己的方式去发现真相。A选项“他们有认为你不对的权利”符合语境。故选A项。 Passage 17 （23-24学年高一下•广东省佛山期中） Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 2 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 5 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. G 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 1. 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 2. 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 3. 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 4. 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 5. 根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 Passage 18 （23-24高三上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期末） Why was school created? 1 Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment! If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is. 2 Sure, tests can be stressful, but think of how boring life would be if you didn’t get to learn new things and see other people so often! Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more. 3 In fact, education dates back to the very first humans ever to live on Earth. Why? To survive, every generation has found it necessary to pass on its knowledge, skills, values, and traditions to the next generation. How can they do this? Education! Each subsequent generation (后代) must be taught these things. 4 They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed. Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children. 5 A. In this way, the idea of school was born. B. The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years. C. At that time, schools focused on reading, writing, and maths. D. Ancient schools weren’t like the schools we know today, though. E. We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time. F. The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information. G. You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. B 4. F 5. A 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了学校的好处和学校产生的历史。 1. 根据前文“Why was school created?(为什么要创建学校?)”以及后文“Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment!(特别是在考试的日子里，许多学生都想知道为什么他们会受到如此可怕和不寻常的惩罚!)”可知，此处通过从学生的角度谈论创建学校的理由，E项“We’re sure that’s a question that every student asks from time to time.(我们确信这是每个学生都会时不时问的问题)”承接上文，学生问的问题就是前文的问题，并引出下文。故选E项。 2. 根据前文“If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is.(如果你对自己诚实的话，你就会知道学校是一个多么好的地方)”可知，此处讲述学校是个好地方，G项“You have fun, learn all kinds of interesting things, and get to spend time with your friends.(你玩得很开心，学习各种有趣的东西，并与你的朋友们共度时光)”符合此处主题，说明学校提高的益处，承接上文。故选G项。 3. 根据前文“Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more.(学校并不是一项新发明。你可能见过一些已经存在了几百年甚至更久的单间校舍)”可知，此处讲述学校的历史，B项“The earliest schools, though, date back thousands of years.(然而，最早的学校可以追溯到几千年前)”符合本段主题。故选B项。 4. 根据后文“They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed.(他们以家庭为单位教育年轻人。然而，随着时间的推移，人口增长，社会形成)”可知，此处讲述早期的教育，F项“The earliest human beings didn’t need schools to pass along information.(最早的人类不需要学校来传递信息)”引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。 5. 根据前文“Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children.(人们很快发现，让一小群成年人教育一大群孩子，会更容易、更有效，而不是每个家庭都负责教育)”可知，本段主要讲述学校诞生的原因，A项“In this way, the idea of school was born.(就这样，学校的概念诞生了)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选A项。 Passage 19 （23-24高一下·福建莆田·期中） As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. 1 This lies at the heart of “experiential (由经验得来的) appreciation”, a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. 2 As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. 3 Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. 4 After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. 5 So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. B. It extends learning far beyond textbooks. C. Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. D. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G. These activities bring learning to life. 【答案】1. A 2. G 3. C 4. E 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“体验式欣赏”这种学习方法。 1. 根据上文“As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks.(作为一名高中生，你可能习惯了通过阅读教科书来学习。)”以及下文“This lies at the heart of ‘experiential(由经验得来的) appreciation’, a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you.(这是‘体验式欣赏’的核心，这种哲学鼓励你直接与周围的世界接触。)可知，此处承上启下，引出下文“体验式欣赏”，应讲述有其他的学习方法，A项“现在考虑把你的学习从单纯的阅读扩展到积极参与。”符合语境。故选A。 2. 根据上文“So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event.(所以，试着加入一个运动队，拿起画笔，或者参加当地的慈善活动。) ”可知，此处应进一步谈论这些活动的作用，G项“这些活动将学习带入生活。”符合语境。故选G。 3. 根据上文“When you’re in nature, don’t just look around.(当你在大自然中时，不要只是环顾四周。)”和下文“Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable.(触摸树叶，感受风，倾听鸟儿，可以丰富你的学习，让每一刻都更难忘。)”可知，此处与前文形成转折，衔接下文，谈论在大自然应该做激活自己的感官，C项“相反，激活你的感官，与它建立更牢固的联系。”符合语境。故选C。 4. 根据下文“After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world.(尝试新事物后，问问自己你学到了什么，以及它给你带来了什么感觉。写日记或与朋友讨论。这种自我发现将体验融入生活课程，并加深了对世界的理解。)”可知，此处在谈论反思，E项“通过反思你的经历，让你的经历更进一步。”符合语境。故选E。 5. 根据上文“Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured.(体验式欣赏将学习从一个需要完成的任务转变为一个需要珍惜的旅程。)”可知，此处在谈论体验式欣赏对学习的好处，B项“它将学习扩展到远远超出教科书的范围。)”符合语境，It指代前面的Experiential appreciation。故选B。 Passage 20 （23-24学年高一下•湖北省荆州5月月考） Have you ever felt the need to be alone for a while? I don’t mean situations when you should be alone, but occasions where you are with a group of people at a party or a restaurant. You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch. 1 Now before you rush to defense, please understand that being an introvert (内向的人) is completely normal. A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social. 2 They have friends, probably not as many as extroverts (外向的人), but enough to suit their needs for human interaction. Scientifically, all humans fall somewhere between being an introvert and being an extrovert, and at least 25 percent of us are introverts. 3 Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. While extroverts feel comfortable shaking hands and making jokes, introverts get increasingly exhausted. 4 For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm, with individuals reporting to suffer from loss of sleep, panic attacks and depression. 5 They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail. So, for the best results in a project involving group work, both introverts and extroverts are needed. A. Society appears to favor extroverts. B. Most introverts, however, are just regular people. C. These are feelings usually typical of an introvert. D. Introverts tend to recover by spending time alone. E. You might have ignored that “strange” thought you had before. F. Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages. G. Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?” 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. G 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对内向的人进行了相关解读和介绍。 1. 根据空处上句“You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch.（你厌倦了从一个话题跳到另一个话题，你的思想开始徘徊在那本有趣的书上，或者你一直想看的电影上。）”可知，这里是在介绍内向者的某些典型特征，而C项“These are feelings usually typical of an introvert.（这些都是典型的内向者的感觉。）”是对上句的总结和承接。故选C项。 2. 根据空处上句“A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social.（对内向者的一个常见误解是，他们是孤独者或反社会者。）”可知，B选项“Most introverts, however, are just regular people.（然而，大多数内向的人只是普通人。）”和上句均是对内向者的一种解读，且互为转折关系。故选B项。 3. 根据空处后两句“Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. （因此，交际能力是极其宝贵的。当然，有时内向的人可能和外向的人一样有能力与人交谈，但有时他们不得不强迫自己与他人交流以“融入”。）”可知，这里和A选项“Society appears to favor extroverts.（社会似乎偏爱外向的人。）”一样，都是在介绍内向的人和外向的人的交际能力的差异，且空处与下句形成因果关系，指的是以对内向的人来说，拥有交际能力在社会上显得尤为重要。故选A项。 4. 根据空处下句中的“For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm（对于内向的人来说，继续处于这种尴尬的境地可能最终会给他们带来伤害）”可知，G选项“Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?”（即使是一个人站一会儿，他们也会被问到：“你为什么总是一个人？”）”是对下文中“this awkward situation（这种尴尬的境地）”一种具体举例。故选G项。 5. 根据空处下句“They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail.（他们思想深邃，行事谨慎，注重细节。）”可知，这里是对F选项“Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages.（内向的人，就像外向的人一样，有他们自己的优势。）”的进一步解释，说明内向的人的具体优势。故选F项。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$