Unit 10 拓展板块（教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练）（教师版+学生版）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（仁爱科普版2024）

Unit 10 Developing the Topic (拓展板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与社会→良好的人际关系与人际交往；和谐社区生活；志愿服务与公共服务 主题内容： 围绕话题Lending a Helping Hand展开，Oral Communication部分为口语交际活动，采取“以听促说”的形式，引导学生拓展单元“社区志愿活动”的话题，开展口头语言交际活动。Reading for Writing部分为以读促写活动，培养学生的书面表达能力。 1. 语言知识&技能: （1）运用所学听力策略获取关于社区志愿活动的重要信息; （2）基于写作目的、文体和要求，分析范文结构，列出描述社区服务活动的内容要点； （3）绘制思维导图，谋篇布局，拟定框架，完成写作任务。 2. 文化意识&思维品质: 谈论社区志愿活动的类型，领会志愿服务的精神。 3. 学习策略: （1）正确使用目标语言描述社区志愿服务经历； （2）通过自评和互评，学会反思，改进文章的结构、内容和语言。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型，并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点单词 名词 1. 大事，公开活动 2. 网站 3. 长者，长辈 4. 女士，女子 5. 护理；看护 形容词 较好的；更好的（good的比较级） 重点短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 在社区网站上 2. 照顾 3. 在一家养老院 4. 雷锋日 5. 一次很棒的经历 6. 看望一些老人 7. 与某人打牌 8. 做某事感到很好 重点句型 中文 英文 1. 这是一项为野生动物筹钱的志愿者活动。 2. 康康在跑步比赛后感觉很疲惫。 3. 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。 4. 上面有各种各样的活动。 5. 3月5日，雷锋日，我在一家养老院做志愿者。 6. 这是一次精彩的经历。 7. 起初，我们擦了玻璃，扫了地，然后看望了那里的老人。 8. 她很高兴和我们待在一起。 9. 帮助别人我感觉很好。 10. 我们一起能使这个世界更美好。 小试牛刀：根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. The charity __________ raised over $10,000 for the local hospital last weekend. (event) 2. You can find more information about our school on the official __________. (网站) 3. My __________ sister always helps me with my homework when I have problems. (姐姐) 4. The kind __________ at the supermarket helped me find the right product. (女士) 5. After retiring, my grandmother decided to work part-time at a __________ home. (nurse) ➽问题探究 知识点1 It was a volunteer activity to collect money for wild animals. 这是一项为野生动物筹钱的志愿者活动。（教材P66） to collect money是动词不定式短语作定语，修饰前面的名词a volunteer activity。 E.g. I have something interesting to tell you. 我有有趣的事情要告诉你。 拓展: 动词不定式（短语）还可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和表语等。 E.g. It took me one hour to clean the house. （作主语）打扫房子花了我一个小时的时间。 I needn't to go to school on weekends.（作宾语）我周末不需要去上学。 My mother asked me to go shopping just now.（作宾语补足语）我妈妈刚才让我去购物。 I want to go to the library to borrow some books.（作状语）我想去图书馆借一些书。 His job is to drive a school bus.（作表语）他的工作是开校车。 注意: 在多数情况下，动词不定式（短语）在句中作表语时可转换为主语。动词不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 E.g. My work is to sweep the floor. = To sweep the floor is my work. 我的工作是清扫地板。 【练习】 John would like to ________ the school chorus. A．take part in B．attend C．join D．join in 知识点2 He learnt about the event on the community website. 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。（教材P66） event n. “发生的事情；（尤指）重要事情，大事；（体育运动的）比赛项目”。 E.g. In China, the Spring Festival is a big event. 春节在中国是一件大事。 The 800 meters is the fourth event of the afternoon. 800米赛是下午的第四项比赛。 【练习】 What event did you ________ at the sports meet? A．join B．joined C．take part in D ．took part in 知识点3 Caring for the old people 照顾老人（教材P66） care for “照顾，照料；非常喜欢”。 care，在此处作动词，意为“在意；担忧；关注；关心；关怀”。 E.g. I don't care. 我不在乎。 She moved back home to care for he mom. 她搬回了家，照顾她妈妈。 Li Jie truly cares for the child. 李洁真的喜欢这个孩子。 拓展: ① care about意为“关心；在意” E.g. We should learn to understand and care about parents. 我们应该学会理解和关心父母。 ② care还可作名词，意为“照顾，照料；小心，谨慎”。 常用短语：take care 当心；小心（相当于be careful） take care of 照顾，照料（相当于look after或care for） E.g. Take care! The car is coming. 小心！车来了。 You should take care of yourself. 你应该照顾你自己。 【练习】 1. —Thanks for helping me to ________ my little brother. —My pleasure. A．take care for B．care for C．take care about D．take care 2．We should ________ water. Don’t waste it. A．be careful with B．be careful to C．be careful for D．be careful in 知识点4 At first, we cleaned the windows and swept the floor, and then we visited some elders there. 起初，我们擦了玻璃、扫了地，然后看望了那里的老人。（教材P67） elder n. “长者；长辈”。 E.g. We should help the elders. 我们应该帮助老人。 拓展: elder还可作形容词，意为“年纪较长的”。只可指人，用来比较年龄的大小，尤指兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系，只用于名词前，通常作定语。 E.g. one's elder brother/sister 某人的哥哥／姐姐 one's elder son/daughter 某人的大儿子／大女儿 注意: the elder用于名词前或后，表示同名的两个人中年龄较大的一个。 the elder Pitt = Pitt the elder 老皮特 【练习】 1. A: Does Anna have an ________ sister? B: Yes. She is 2 years ________ than Anna. A．older; older B．older; elder C．elder; older 2．Anna has two _______ brothers and a _______ sister. A．younger, elder B．elder, younger C．younger, older D．older, younger 知识点5 She was very happy to be with us. 她很高兴和我们待在一起。（教材P67） be happy to do sth. 意为“开心做某事”。 E.g. She was so happy to see the stars in the sky. 她很开心能看到满天繁星。 拓展：sb.+be+adj.+to do sth. 意为“某人做某事怎么样”。这里形容词一般是happy、sorry、surprised、excited、glad等，意为“某人做某事很开心／抱歉／惊奇／激动／高兴”。 E.g. Dudu was so excited to join the swimming club. 嘟嘟很兴奋地加入了游泳俱乐部。 Bingbing is so surprised to see big changes in Chongqing. 看到了重庆的巨大改变，兵兵感到很惊奇。 【练习】 1. —Why did you do that, Jim? —I just wanted my mother ________. A．happy B．happily C．to be happy D．be happy 2．The teachers often make us ________ in class, and life here makes us ________. A．laugh; happy B．laugh; be happy C．laughing; happy D．to laugh; be happy 知识点6 I felt good about helping others. 帮助别人我感觉很好。（教材P67） feel good about doing sth. 意为“做某事感到很好”。 E.g She felt good about reading so many books today. 她今天读了很多本书，感觉很好。 拓展: feel well 意为“感觉身体好”。 E.g. You will feel well soon. 你的身体很快就会恢复。 【练习】 1. —_________ did you _________ the school trip? —It was great. A．How; feel about B．What; like C．What; feel about D．How; think of 2．—I want to take part in after-class activities. —So do I. I think these activities can make us feel _______. A．relaxing B．relaxed C．tiring D．tired 知识点7 Together, we can make the world a better place. 我们一起能使这个世界更美好。（教材P67） 1）make sb./sth＋adj．意为“使某人／某物······”，表示使某人／某物处于某种状态。其中形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。 E.g. Rainy days make me sad. 雨天让我伤心。 Exercise makes me healthy. 运动使我健康。 拓展：make的相关短语 make sb.＋名词 使某人成为······ make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事 make good/full use of 好好／充分利用 make a choice/make choices 做出选择 make a difference 做出改变；产生影响；起作用 E.g. They made Xixi the leader of the group. 他们让西西成为这个组的组长。 My mom makes me clean the room. 妈妈让我打扫房间。 2）better 形容词，是good的比较级，意为“较好的；更好的”。 E.g. We are hoping for better weathe tomorrow. 我们希望明天天气转好。 拓展: better还可作副词，此时是副词well 的比较级，意为“更好；更愉快；不那么差”。 E.g. She sings much better than I do. 她唱歌比我好得多。 Sound travels better in water than in air. 声音在水中比空气中传播得快。 【练习】 1. —What makes you ________ so sad? —I lost my pet dog. A．look B．looks C．looking D．to look 2．This story makes me ________ to have a try. A．want B．wants C．to want D．wanting 3. There are ________ animals in the zoo, and I like pandas ________. A．a kind of; best B．all kinds of; best C．a kind of; better D．all kinds of; better 写作点拨 用故事情节法描述事件 本板块主要学习了如何用叙事的方式写一篇关于志愿者活动的短文。写作时需明确主题，然后再描述时间、地点、人物。在叙述时要详细，并且要表达情感或阐述道理，要注意内容的真实性。文章内容要详略得当、情感真挚、结构清晰、语言生动。写作方法如下： 1．明确主题：首先确定你想要表达的主题，这可以是某种情感、道理或者是对某一事件的看法。所要讲述的事件要与主题相关。此外这个事件要有代表性，能够突出你想要表达的主题。 2．明确时间、地点、人物：清晰地描述此事件发生的时间、地点和涉及的人物，让读者能够很好地了解事件的背景。 3．叙述事件经过：按事件的先后顺序、详略得当地描写事情的经过。描述的内容包括事情的开端、发展、高潮、转折等部分。在叙述事件的过程中，适当地表达你的情感或者你想要传达的道理。 4．结尾点题：在文章的结尾部分，再次强调你想要表达的主题，可以是自己的真情实感，也可以是自己经历这次事件的感悟。 【题型精讲】 书面表达。 你曾经做过志愿者吗？如果曾经做过，请描述一次你参加志愿者活动的经历，并谈谈你的感想。 写作要求： 1. 文中需包含所提示要点，可适当发挥使行文连贯； 2. 语意通顺，条理清晰，书写规范； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息； 4. 词数70左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1．Black swims (well) than I do, but he doesn’t swim as (well) as my brother. 2．I volunteered at a __ (nurse) home last Sunday. 3．Let’s share how we can (使我们的城市更好). 4．Tomorrow will be my (old) sister’s fourteenth birthday. 5．—Who is the l in a blue dress? —She is Miss Gao, our English teacher. 二、完成句子 1. 昨天我们在养老院帮忙照顾一些行动不便的老人。 We helped _________ _________ some elders with mobility problems at the nursing home yesterday. 2. 在乡村学校教书对我来说是一次美妙的经历。 Teaching at a rural school was _________ ___________ ___________ for me. 3. 帮助他人总是让我对自己感觉良好。 Helping others always makes me _________ _________ _________ myself. 4. 周末我经常和我的爷爷奶奶打牌。 On weekends, I often _________ _________ _________ my grandparents. 5. 志愿者计划要求我们每月探望养老院的一些老人。 The volunteer program requires us to _________ _________ _________ the nursing home every month. 三、单项选择 （ ）1．The charity ___________ raised over 50,000 yuan for disabled children last month. A． accident B．website C．event D．program （ ）2．Many volunteers go to nursing homes to ___________ lonely old people every weekend. A．take care B．care for C．take after D．look for （ ）3．We should show more respect to ___________, because they have more life experience. A．the elder B．the young C．the rich D．the poor （ ）4．All the students ___________ help clean up the city park last Sunday. A．are happy B．were happy to C．happily D．happy （ ）5．The children's laughter ___________ the whole nursing home ___________ last Christmas. A．made; happily B．made; happy C．make; happy D．makes; happily ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 ①Helping others is fun. It is helpful to do kind things for others. One of my favourite 1 to do this is developing habits. I believe that people will feel 2 to be kind and helpful to others. ②We live in a county of San Francisco. Most of what we see is the 3 of nature. However, we often see some people 4 litter out of their windows as they drive on the roads. People 5 see public services or facilities (设施) in the county, such as a bin, so they drop litter everywhere. I often take my two 6 to pick up litter in our surrounding area. For them, picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits. ③We have become so used to doing this that my children will often 7 to me excitedly, “There’s some little, Daddy. 8 the car!” It we have time, we will do it and pick it up. It may seem strange but we really 9 it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, nearly everywhere. Once I even saw a stranger picking up litter close to where we live. He smiled at me and said, “I saw you doing it, and it 10 a good idea.” ④You see, it is fun to help others. （ ）1．A．reasons B．ways C．things D．sport （ ）2．A．lucky B．modern C．good D．surprised （ ）3．A．law B．smell C．beauty D．moment （ ）4．A．throw B．put C．take D．carry （ ）5．A．often B．seldom C．sometimes D．always （ ）6．A．foot B．bags C．dogs D．children （ ）7．A．talk B．say C．speak D．tell   （ ）8．A．Check B．Drive C．Stop D．Clean （ ）9．A．remember B．have C．enjoy D．get （ ）10．A．sounds B．hears C．seems D．tastes 二、阅读理解 Give a helping hand 伸出援手 Are you good at singing or dancing? Do you have a loving heart? We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children’s Village. If you are ffee for four hours this weekend, join us! Email:lovekids@mail.com We need five people who are strong and can and help clean up Peoples Park. We need you to collect and sort rubbish. This helps keep the environment clean and save resources（资源）. If you are free for three hours every weekend, come and join us! Email:cleanpark@mail.com We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to talk with them and wash clothes for them. If you can take out two hours on 3 May (Saturday), come and join us! Email: homelove@mail.com （ ）1．What teachers does the SOS Children’s village want? A．Doctor teacher. B．Music teacher. C．Maths teacher. D．English teacher. （ ）2．The underlined word “sort” means ________. A．save money for further use B．collect information to make a choice C．put things of the same kind together D．give food and drinks to people for free （ ）3．To work at Xinxin Nursing Home, people need to be good at ________. A．singing and dancing B．washing the dishes C．talking with the old D．collecting rubbish （ ）4．According to the information above, which of the follow is Not true? A．Your clothes may get dirty if you join the work in People’s Park. B．The work of helping old people takes the shortest time. C．To get the teaching job, you can send an email to home@mail.com. D．All the “Give a helping hand” activities are at weekends. （ ）5．Where can you most probably find the information above? A．On a community noticeboard. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a story book. D．On a train timetable. 三、任务型理解 Hi Jenny, I like my new school very much. There are so many clubs and activities to choose from. My favourite club is the Community Volunteers. This term, we are helping out at a charity for disabled (残疾的) children. I’m helping to organize a game so that the kids can have fun. Reading stories to them is also really nice. I see they smile when they hear the stories. Mrs Brown is a teacher of our club. She says I can get on well with the children. I think it’s because I have two little sisters at home and I know how to play with kids and make them happy. Next term, we will visit some old people. We can make their days a little better. Most clubs and activities are about having a good time. But in the Community Volunteers, we help other people and have fun at the same time. Everyone in the club is very friendly. May 1．Who writes the letter? writes the letter. 2．What club does May like best? She likes best. 3．Who do they help this term? They help . 4．Why can May get on well with the children? Because she has and she knows how to play with kids and make them happy. 5．What are they going to do next term? They are going to . 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 10 Developing the Topic (拓展板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与社会→良好的人际关系与人际交往；和谐社区生活；志愿服务与公共服务 主题内容： 围绕话题Lending a Helping Hand展开，Oral Communication部分为口语交际活动，采取“以听促说”的形式，引导学生拓展单元“社区志愿活动”的话题，开展口头语言交际活动。Reading for Writing部分为以读促写活动，培养学生的书面表达能力。 1. 语言知识&技能: （1）运用所学听力策略获取关于社区志愿活动的重要信息; （2）基于写作目的、文体和要求，分析范文结构，列出描述社区服务活动的内容要点； （3）绘制思维导图，谋篇布局，拟定框架，完成写作任务。 2. 文化意识&思维品质: 谈论社区志愿活动的类型，领会志愿服务的精神。 3. 学习策略: （1）正确使用目标语言描述社区志愿服务经历； （2）通过自评和互评，学会反思，改进文章的结构、内容和语言。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型，并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点单词 名词 1. 大事，公开活动 event 2. 网站 website 3. 长者，长辈 elder 4. 女士，女子 lady 5. 护理；看护 nursing 形容词 较好的；更好的（good的比较级） better 重点短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 在社区网站上 on the community website 2. 照顾 care for 3. 在一家养老院 at a nursing home 4. 雷锋日 Lei Feng Day 5. 一次很棒的经历 a wonderful experience 6. 看望一些老人 visit some elders 7. 与某人打牌 play cards with sb. 8. 做某事感到很好 feel good about doing sth. 重点句型 中文 英文 1. 这是一项为野生动物筹钱的志愿者活动。 It was a volunteer activity to collect money for wild animals． 2. 康康在跑步比赛后感觉很疲惫。 Kangkang felt tired after the race． 3. 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。 He learnt about the event on the community website． 4. 上面有各种各样的活动。 There are all kinds of activities on it． 5. 3月5日，雷锋日，我在一家养老院做志愿者。 On March 5th，Lei Feng Day, I volunteered at a nursing home． 6. 这是一次精彩的经历。 It was a wonderful experience． 7. 起初，我们擦了玻璃，扫了地，然后看望了那里的老人。 At first, we cleaned the windows and swept the floor, and then we visited some elders there. 8. 她很高兴和我们待在一起。 She was very happy to be with us． 9. 帮助别人我感觉很好。 I felt good about helping others． 10. 我们一起能使这个世界更美好。 Together, we can make the world a better place． 小试牛刀：根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. The charity event raised over $10,000 for the local hospital last weekend. (event) 2. You can find more information about our school on the official website. (网站) 3. My elder sister always helps me with my homework when I have problems. (姐姐) 4. The kind lady at the supermarket helped me find the right product. (女士) 5. After retiring, my grandmother decided to work part-time at a nursing home. (nurse) ➽问题探究 知识点1 It was a volunteer activity to collect money for wild animals. 这是一项为野生动物筹钱的志愿者活动。（教材P66） to collect money是动词不定式短语作定语，修饰前面的名词a volunteer activity。 E.g. I have something interesting to tell you. 我有有趣的事情要告诉你。 拓展: 动词不定式（短语）还可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和表语等。 E.g. It took me one hour to clean the house. （作主语）打扫房子花了我一个小时的时间。 I needn't to go to school on weekends.（作宾语）我周末不需要去上学。 My mother asked me to go shopping just now.（作宾语补足语）我妈妈刚才让我去购物。 I want to go to the library to borrow some books.（作状语）我想去图书馆借一些书。 His job is to drive a school bus.（作表语）他的工作是开校车。 注意: 在多数情况下，动词不定式（短语）在句中作表语时可转换为主语。动词不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 E.g. My work is to sweep the floor. = To sweep the floor is my work. 我的工作是清扫地板。 【题型精讲】 John would like to ________ the school chorus. A．take part in B．attend C．join D．join in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰想要加入学校合唱队。 考查动词及动词短语辨析。take part in“参加，参与”，侧重参加某项活动，强调在活动中发挥作用；attend“出席，参加”，一般指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学等；join“加入”，指加入某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中的一员；join in“参加，加入”，通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。根据空后“the school chorus”可知，此处是指加入学校合唱队，成为其中的一员，应用“join”。故选C。 知识点2 He learnt about the event on the community website. 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。（教材P66） event n. “发生的事情；（尤指）重要事情，大事；（体育运动的）比赛项目”。 E.g. In China, the Spring Festival is a big event. 春节在中国是一件大事。 The 800 meters is the fourth event of the afternoon. 800米赛是下午的第四项比赛。 【题型精讲】 What event did you ________ at the sports meet? A．join B．joined C．take part in D ．took part in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你参加了运动会的什么项目？ 考查动词短语。join加入，宾语一般是组织、俱乐部等团体；take part in参加，宾语一般是活动。根据“the sports meet”可知运动会是一种活动，应用take part in ，助动词did后加动词原形，故选C。 知识点3 Caring for the old people 照顾老人（教材P66） care for “照顾，照料；非常喜欢”。 care，在此处作动词，意为“在意；担忧；关注；关心；关怀”。 E.g. I don't care. 我不在乎。 She moved back home to care for he mom. 她搬回了家，照顾她妈妈。 Li Jie truly cares for the child. 李洁真的喜欢这个孩子。 拓展: ① care about意为“关心；在意” E.g. We should learn to understand and care about parents. 我们应该学会理解和关心父母。 ② care还可作名词，意为“照顾，照料；小心，谨慎”。 常用短语：take care 当心；小心（相当于be careful） take care of 照顾，照料（相当于look after或care for） E.g. Take care! The car is coming. 小心！车来了。 You should take care of yourself. 你应该照顾你自己。 【题型精讲】 1. —Thanks for helping me to ________ my little brother. —My pleasure. A．take care for B．care for C．take care about D．take care 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谢谢你帮我照顾我的弟弟。——不客气。 考查动词短语。take care for表达错误，应用take care of“照顾”；care for照顾，照料；take care about表达错误；take care小心，当心。根据“… my little brother”可知，此处是指照顾弟弟，应用“care for”或“take care of”。故选B。 2．We should ________ water. Don’t waste it. A．be careful with B．be careful to C．be careful for D．be careful in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该小心用水，不要浪费它。 考查形容词短语。be careful with小心对待；谨慎处理；be careful to小心做某事，后接动词原形；be careful for关心；be careful in在……方面小心。根据“Don’t waste it.”可知，此处是指要谨慎用水，A选项符合。故选A。 知识点4 At first, we cleaned the windows and swept the floor, and then we visited some elders there. 起初，我们擦了玻璃、扫了地，然后看望了那里的老人。（教材P67） elder n. “长者；长辈”。 E.g. We should help the elders. 我们应该帮助老人。 拓展: elder还可作形容词，意为“年纪较长的”。只可指人，用来比较年龄的大小，尤指兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系，只用于名词前，通常作定语。 E.g. one's elder brother/sister 某人的哥哥／姐姐 one's elder son/daughter 某人的大儿子／大女儿 注意: the elder用于名词前或后，表示同名的两个人中年龄较大的一个。 the elder Pitt = Pitt the elder 老皮特 【题型精讲】 1. A: Does Anna have an ________ sister? B: Yes. She is 2 years ________ than Anna. A．older; older B．older; elder C．elder; older 【答案】C 【详解】句意：A： 安娜有姐姐吗？B： 是的。她比安娜大2岁。 考查形容词比较级。elder年纪较长的， 主要用来表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，只修饰人，在句中只用作定语，不作表语，第一个空格处作定语，且在此处强调长幼关系，用elder；older是old的比较级，意思是“更老的，年龄较大的”，强调“年龄”，在句中常作表语，用于两者之间的比较，由“than”可知第二个空格处用older。故选C。 2．Anna has two _______ brothers and a _______ sister. A．younger, elder B．elder, younger C．younger, older D．older, younger 【答案】B 【详解】句意：安娜有两个哥哥和一个妹妹。 考查形容词辨析。younger更年轻的；elder年长的，强调次第；older更老的，强调年龄。第二空前有a修饰，形容词应是辅音音素开头的词，结合选项可知，应用younger修饰，排除A/C选项，第一空指的是“哥哥”，表示有血缘关系的，强调“次第”用elder，故选B。 知识点5 She was very happy to be with us. 她很高兴和我们待在一起。（教材P67） be happy to do sth. 意为“开心做某事”。 E.g. She was so happy to see the stars in the sky. 她很开心能看到满天繁星。 拓展：sb.+be+adj.+to do sth. 意为“某人做某事怎么样”。这里形容词一般是happy、sorry、surprised、excited、glad等，意为“某人做某事很开心／抱歉／惊奇／激动／高兴”。 E.g. Dudu was so excited to join the swimming club. 嘟嘟很兴奋地加入了游泳俱乐部。 Bingbing is so surprised to see big changes in Chongqing. 看到了重庆的巨大改变，兵兵感到很惊奇。 【题型精讲】 1. —Why did you do that, Jim? —I just wanted my mother ________. A．happy B．happily C．to be happy D．be happy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么那样做，吉姆？——我只是想让我妈妈开心。 考查非谓语动词。根据答句“I just wanted my mother”可知，考查want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”，所以填动词不定式。故选C。 2．The teachers often make us ________ in class, and life here makes us ________. A．laugh; happy B．laugh; be happy C．laughing; happy D．to laugh; be happy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师经常在课堂上逗我们笑，这里的生活让我们快乐。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。laugh笑；happy高兴的；make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，第一空用动词原形作宾语补足语；make sb+形容词“让某人……”，用形容词作宾语补足语，故选A。 知识点6 I felt good about helping others. 帮助别人我感觉很好。（教材P67） feel good about doing sth. 意为“做某事感到很好”。 E.g She felt good about reading so many books today. 她今天读了很多本书，感觉很好。 拓展: feel well 意为“感觉身体好”。 E.g. You will feel well soon. 你的身体很快就会恢复。 【题型精讲】 1. —_________ did you _________ the school trip? —It was great. A．How; feel about B．What; like C．What; feel about D．How; think of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得学校旅行怎么样？——太棒了。 考查特殊疑问词和动词短语。how如何；what什么；like喜欢；feel about对……的感觉，与how搭配；think of认为，与what搭配。根据“It was great.”可知，询问旅行的感受，how...feel about符合句意，故选A。 2．—I want to take part in after-class activities. —So do I. I think these activities can make us feel _______. A．relaxing B．relaxed C．tiring D．tired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想加入课后活动。——我也是。我认为这些活动会然我们感到放松。 考查形容词辨析。relaxing令人放松的；relaxed感到放松的；tiring累人的；tired疲惫的。根据“So do I.”可知两人都想加入，应该是让人放松的，修饰人，用relaxed。故选B。 知识点7 Together, we can make the world a better place. 我们一起能使这个世界更美好。（教材P67） 1）make sb./sth＋adj．意为“使某人／某物······”，表示使某人／某物处于某种状态。其中形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。 E.g. Rainy days make me sad. 雨天让我伤心。 Exercise makes me healthy. 运动使我健康。 拓展：make的相关短语 make sb.＋名词 使某人成为······ make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事 make good/full use of 好好／充分利用 make a choice/make choices 做出选择 make a difference 做出改变；产生影响；起作用 E.g. They made Xixi the leader of the group. 他们让西西成为这个组的组长。 My mom makes me clean the room. 妈妈让我打扫房间。 2）better 形容词，是good的比较级，意为“较好的；更好的”。 E.g. We are hoping for better weathe tomorrow. 我们希望明天天气转好。 拓展: better还可作副词，此时是副词well 的比较级，意为“更好；更愉快；不那么差”。 E.g. She sings much better than I do. 她唱歌比我好得多。 Sound travels better in water than in air. 声音在水中比空气中传播得快。 【题型精讲】 1. —What makes you ________ so sad? —I lost my pet dog. A．look B．looks C．looking D．to look 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——是什么让你看起来如此悲伤？——我的宠物狗丢了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“What makes you…so sad?”可知，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，动词短语，因此空处应用动词原形。故选A。 2．This story makes me ________ to have a try. A．want B．wants C．to want D．wanting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个故事让我想要试一试。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事” ，故此处应用动词原形。故选A。 3. There are ________ animals in the zoo, and I like pandas ________. A．a kind of; best B．all kinds of; best C．a kind of; better D．all kinds of; better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：动物园里有各种各样的动物，我最喜欢熊猫。 考查短语和词汇辨析。a kind of一种；all kinds of各种各样的；best最好；better更好。根据“animals”是复数可知，第一空应用all kinds of；再根据“I like pandas ...”可知，我最喜欢熊猫，like...best 表示“最喜欢……”。故选B。 写作点拨 用故事情节法描述事件 本板块主要学习了如何用叙事的方式写一篇关于志愿者活动的短文。写作时需明确主题，然后再描述时间、地点、人物。在叙述时要详细，并且要表达情感或阐述道理，要注意内容的真实性。文章内容要详略得当、情感真挚、结构清晰、语言生动。写作方法如下： 1．明确主题：首先确定你想要表达的主题，这可以是某种情感、道理或者是对某一事件的看法。所要讲述的事件要与主题相关。此外这个事件要有代表性，能够突出你想要表达的主题。 2．明确时间、地点、人物：清晰地描述此事件发生的时间、地点和涉及的人物，让读者能够很好地了解事件的背景。 3．叙述事件经过：按事件的先后顺序、详略得当地描写事情的经过。描述的内容包括事情的开端、发展、高潮、转折等部分。在叙述事件的过程中，适当地表达你的情感或者你想要传达的道理。 4．结尾点题：在文章的结尾部分，再次强调你想要表达的主题，可以是自己的真情实感，也可以是自己经历这次事件的感悟。 【题型精讲】 书面表达。 你曾经做过志愿者吗？如果曾经做过，请描述一次你参加志愿者活动的经历，并谈谈你的感想。 写作要求： 1. 文中需包含所提示要点，可适当发挥使行文连贯； 2. 语意通顺，条理清晰，书写规范； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息； 4. 词数70左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 范文： Last summer, I volunteered at a community library. My job was to organize books and help children find interesting stories. At first, I felt nervous, but soon I became confident. Seeing the children’s happy smiles when they got their favorite books made me feel warm. I also made new friends with other volunteers. Through this experience, I learned that helping others is truly joyful. [总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，描述志愿者经历和个人感悟； ② 时态：主要使用“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：围绕“志愿者活动”展开，包含活动内容、个人感受和收获。 [写作步骤] 开头：交代志愿者活动的时间、地点和职责（社区图书馆/整理书籍/帮助儿童）； 主体：描述过程中的情感变化（紧张→自信）和温暖瞬间（孩子们的笑容）； 结尾：总结感悟（帮助他人的快乐）和额外收获（结交朋友）。 [亮点词汇] ① volunteered at... 在……做志愿者 ② organize books 整理书籍 ③ happy smiles 快乐的笑容 ④ made new friends 结交新朋友 ⑤ helping others is joyful 帮助他人是快乐的 [高分句型] Seeing the children’s happy smiles... made me feel warm. （动名词短语作主语，情感描写） Through this experience, I learned that... （总结性过渡句，引出感悟） I felt nervous at first, but soon became confident. （对比结构，突出情绪变化） ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1．Black swims (well) than I do, but he doesn’t swim as (well) as my brother. 【答案】 better well 【详解】句意：Black游泳比我好，但他不如我哥哥游得好。根据“than”可知，第一空应填比较级better；根据“as...as”可知，第二空用副词原级。故填better；well。 2．I volunteered at a __ (nurse) home last Sunday. 【答案】nursing 【详解】句意：上周日我在一家养老院做志愿者。nursing home“养老院”，固定搭配。故填nursing。 3．Let’s share how we can (使我们的城市更好). 【答案】make our city better 【详解】句意：让我们分享如何让我们的城市变得更好。结合句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查make sth.+adj.意为“使某物……”，其中make意为“使变得；使成为”，是个动词，空前的情态动词can可知，这里的动词用原形；our city意为“我们的城市”，作动词make的宾语；better意为“更好的”，是形容词，作宾语补足语。故填make our city better。 4．Tomorrow will be my (old) sister’s fourteenth birthday. 【答案】elder 【详解】句意：明天将是我姐姐的十四岁生日。此处是一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰“sister”，“old”在这里是指“年长的”，用于描述姐妹、兄弟的”年长“时，应该使用“old”的比较级“elder”。故填elder。 5．—Who is the l in a blue dress? —She is Miss Gao, our English teacher. 【答案】(l)ady 【详解】句意：——那位穿蓝裙子的女士是谁？——她是高老师，我们的英语老师。根据首字母提示以及答句中的“She is Miss Gao, our English teacher.”可知，问句中要描述的是一个女性，且是穿着蓝色裙子的女性。在英语中，用来指代穿着特定服装的成年女性通常使用“lady”这个词。 故填(l)ady。 二、完成句子 1. 昨天我们在养老院帮忙照顾一些行动不便的老人。 We helped _________ _________ some elders with mobility problems at the nursing home yesterday. 【答案】care for 【详解】句意：昨天我们在养老院帮忙照顾一些行动不便的老人。"care for"表示"照顾"，符合语境。 2. 在乡村学校教书对我来说是一次美妙的经历。 Teaching at a rural school was _________ ___________ ___________ for me. 【答案】a wonderful experience 【详解】句意：在乡村学校教书对我来说是一次美妙的经历。"a wonderful experience"表示"一次美妙的经历"，符合语境。 3. 帮助他人总是让我对自己感觉良好。 Helping others always makes me _________ _________ _________ myself. 【答案】feel good about 【详解】句意：帮助他人总是让我对自己感觉良好。"feel good about"表示"对...感觉良好"，符合语境。 4. 周末我经常和我的爷爷奶奶打牌。 On weekends, I often _________ _________ _________ my grandparents. 【答案】play cards with 【详解】句意：周末我经常和我的爷爷奶奶打牌。"play cards with"表示"和...打牌"，符合语境。 5. 志愿者计划要求我们每月探望养老院的一些老人。 The volunteer program requires us to _________ _________ _________ the nursing home every month. 【答案】visit some elders 【详解】句意：志愿者计划要求我们每月探望养老院的一些老人。"visit some elders"表示"探望一些老人"，符合语境。 三、单项选择 （ ）1．The charity ___________ raised over 50,000 yuan for disabled children last month. A．accident B．website C．event D．program 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月这场慈善活动为残疾儿童筹集了5万多元。event指"重大活动"，符合语境；A意外事故，B网站，D节目/计划，均不符合。 （ ）2．Many volunteers go to nursing homes to ___________ lonely old people every weekend. A．take care B．care for C．take after D．look for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多志愿者每周末去养老院照顾孤独的老人。care for="照顾"（固定搭配）；A小心，C长得像，D寻找。 （ ）3．We should show more respect to ___________, because they have more life experience. A．the elder B．the young C．the rich D．the poor 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该更尊重长者，因为他们有更多生活经验。the elder="年长者"（固定表达）；B年轻人，C富人，D穷人，均不符合逻辑。 （ ）4．All the students ___________ help clean up the city park last Sunday. A．are happy B．were happy to C．happily D．happy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周日所有学生都很乐意帮忙打扫城市公园。be happy to do sth."乐意做某事"（过去式were）；A时态错误，C副词不可作表语，D缺少be动词。 （ ）5．The children's laughter ___________ the whole nursing home ___________ last Christmas. A．made; happily B．made; happy C．make; happy D．makes; happily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年圣诞节，孩子们的笑声让整个养老院充满欢乐。make sb.+adj."使某人..."（过去式made）；A/D副词错误，C时态错误。 ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 ①Helping others is fun. It is helpful to do kind things for others. One of my favourite 1 to do this is developing habits. I believe that people will feel 2 to be kind and helpful to others. ②We live in a county of San Francisco. Most of what we see is the 3 of nature. However, we often see some people 4 litter out of their windows as they drive on the roads. People 5 see public services or facilities (设施) in the county, such as a bin, so they drop litter everywhere. I often take my two 6 to pick up litter in our surrounding area. For them, picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits. ③We have become so used to doing this that my children will often 7 to me excitedly, “There’s some little, Daddy. 8 the car!” It we have time, we will do it and pick it up. It may seem strange but we really 9 it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, nearly everywhere. Once I even saw a stranger picking up litter close to where we live. He smiled at me and said, “I saw you doing it, and it 10 a good idea.” ④You see, it is fun to help others. （ ）1．A．reasons B．ways C．things D．sport （ ）2．A．lucky B．modern C．good D．surprised （ ）3．A．law B．smell C．beauty D．moment （ ）4．A．throw B．put C．take D．carry （ ）5．A．often B．seldom C．sometimes D．always （ ）6．A．foot B．bags C．dogs D．children （ ）7．A．talk B．say C．speak D．tell   （ ）8．A．Check B．Drive C．Stop D．Clean （ ）9．A．remember B．have C．enjoy D．get （ ）10．A．sounds B．hears C．seems D．tastes 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者通过培养习惯来帮助他人，并认为这样做是有趣的。 1．句意：我最喜欢的做这件事的方式之一是养成习惯。 reasons原因；ways方式；things事情；sport运动。根据“One of my favourite…to do this is developing habits”可知，这里指的是做善事的方式，故选B。 2．句意：我相信人们会感到对别人友善和乐于助人是很好的。 lucky幸运的；modern现代的；good好的；surprised惊讶的。根据“people will feel…to be kind and helpful to others”可知，这里指的是感到做善事是好的，故选C。 3．句意：我们住在旧金山的一个县。我们看到的多数是自然的美景。 law法律；smell气味；beauty美丽；moment时刻。根据“Most of what we see is the…of nature”可知，这里指的是自然的美景，故选C。 4．句意：然而，我们经常看到一些人在开车时从车窗扔垃圾。 throw扔；put放；take拿；carry携带。根据“we often see some people…litter out of their windows”可知，这里指的是扔垃圾，故选A。 5．句意：人们很少在县里看到公共服务或设施，比如垃圾桶，所以他们到处扔垃圾。 often经常；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。根据“People…see public services or facilities (设施)”可知，这里指的是很少看到公共服务或设施，故选B。 6．句意：我经常带着我的两个孩子在我们周围地区捡垃圾。 foot脚；bags袋子；dogs狗；children孩子。根据后“For them, picking up litter is only one kind of helping habits.”以及“We have become so used to doing this that my children...”可知，这里是说“我”经常带“我”的两个孩子在周围地区捡垃圾。故选D。 7．句意：我们已经习惯了这样做，以至于我的孩子们经常会兴奋地对我说：“爸爸，那里有一些垃圾。停车！” talk谈话；say说；speak说话；tell告诉。根据“my children will often…to me excitedly”可知，这里指的是孩子们对“我”说话，用say，故选B。 8．句意：停车！ Check检查；Drive驾驶；Stop停止；Clean清洁。根据“It we have time, we will do it and pick it up”可知，这里指的是停车捡垃圾，故选C。 9．句意：这可能看起来很奇怪，但我们真的很喜欢。 remember记住；have有；enjoy享受；get得到。根据“It may seem strange but we really...it. We pick up litter in parks, on sidewalks, nearly everywhere.”可知，虽然看起来奇怪，但我们真的很享受捡垃圾这件事，经常到处去捡。故选C。 10．句意：他对我微笑并说：“我看到你这样做，这似乎是个好主意。” sounds听起来；hears听到；seems似乎；tastes尝起来。根据“He smiled at me and said, ‘I saw you doing it, and it...a good idea.’”可知，那个陌生人看到“我”捡垃圾，觉得这似乎是个好主意。故选C。 二、阅读理解 A Give a helping hand 伸出援手 Are you good at singing or dancing? Do you have a loving heart? We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children’s Village. If you are ffee for four hours this weekend, join us! Email:lovekids@mail.com We need five people who are strong and can and help clean up Peoples Park. We need you to collect and sort rubbish. This helps keep the environment clean and save resources（资源）. If you are free for three hours every weekend, come and join us! Email:cleanpark@mail.com We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to talk with them and wash clothes for them. If you can take out two hours on 3 May (Saturday), come and join us! Email: homelove@mail.com （ ）1．What teachers does the SOS Children’s village want? A．Doctor teacher. B．Music teacher. C．Maths teacher. D．English teacher. （ ）2．The underlined word “sort” means ________. A．save money for further use B．collect information to make a choice C．put things of the same kind together D．give food and drinks to people for free （ ）3．To work at Xinxin Nursing Home, people need to be good at ________. A．singing and dancing B．washing the dishes C．talking with the old D．collecting rubbish （ ）4．According to the information above, which of the follow is Not true? A．Your clothes may get dirty if you join the work in People’s Park. B．The work of helping old people takes the shortest time. C．To get the teaching job, you can send an email to home@mail.com. D．All the “Give a helping hand” activities are at weekends. （ ）5．Where can you most probably find the information above? A．On a community noticeboard. B．In a sports magazine. C．In a story book. D．On a train timetable. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一则招募志愿者的信息，介绍了SOS儿童村招募音乐老师、人民公园招募清洁人员、欣欣养老院招募陪伴老人人员的具体要求和报名方式等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“Are you good at singing or dancing? Do you have a loving heart? We need three people to work as Music teachers in SOS Children’s Village.”可知，SOS儿童村需要的是音乐老师。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“We need you to collect and sort rubbish. This helps keep the environment clean and save resources.”可知，在人民公园需要收集和处理垃圾，为了保持环境清洁和节约资源，sort在这里意思是把同类的东西放在一起，也就是分类。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“We need four people to help at Xinxin Nursing Home. You should be good at talking with old people. Your job is to talk with them and wash clothes for them.”可知，在欣欣养老院工作需要擅长和老人交谈。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Email: lovekids@mail.com”可知，想要获得SOS儿童村教学工作的志愿者应发送邮件到lovekids@mail.com，而不是home@mail.com，选项C错误。 故选C。 5．推理判断题。文章是招募志愿者的信息，包括儿童村、公园、养老院的志愿者招募，这种信息最有可能出现在社区布告栏上。故选A。 B Hi Jenny, I like my new school very much. There are so many clubs and activities to choose from. My favourite club is the Community Volunteers. This term, we are helping out at a charity for disabled (残疾的) children. I’m helping to organize a game so that the kids can have fun. Reading stories to them is also really nice. I see they smile when they hear the stories. Mrs Brown is a teacher of our club. She says I can get on well with the children. I think it’s because I have two little sisters at home and I know how to play with kids and make them happy. Next term, we will visit some old people. We can make their days a little better. Most clubs and activities are about having a good time. But in the Community Volunteers, we help other people and have fun at the same time. Everyone in the club is very friendly. May 1．Who writes the letter? writes the letter. 2．What club does May like best? She likes best. 3．Who do they help this term? They help . 4．Why can May get on well with the children? Because she has and she knows how to play with kids and make them happy. 5．What are they going to do next term? They are going to . 【答案】1．May 2．the Community Volunteers 3．disabled children 4．two little sisters at home 5．visit some old people 【导语】本文是一封信件，主要讲述了May在新学校参加社区志愿者俱乐部的经历，以及她在这个俱乐部中的活动和感受。 1．根据右下角“May”可知，写信的人是May。故填May。 2．根据“My favourite club is the Community Volunteers.”可知，May最喜欢的俱乐部是社区志愿者俱乐部。故填the Community Volunteers。 3．根据“This term, we are helping out at a charity for disabled children.”可知，这学期他们帮助的是残疾儿童。故填disabled children。 4．根据“I think it’s because I have two little sisters at home and I know how to play with kids and make them happy.”可知，May能很好地与孩子们相处是因为她有两个小妹妹，并且她知道如何与孩子们玩耍并让他们开心。故填two little sisters at home。 5．根据“Next term, we will visit some old people.”可知，下学期他们将去拜访一些老人。故填visit some old people。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null