Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize 中国科学家荣获2015年诺贝尔奖 By Dina Conner 迪娜·康纳 11 December 2015 2015年12月11日 •Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她获奖是因为她为抗击疟疾所做出的贡献，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。 Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. 得益于她发现的青蒿素，如今全世界疟疾患者有了大幅提高的存活率。 ①republic n. 共和国，共和政体 ②malaria n. 疟疾 ③deadly adj. 致命的；十足的，彻底的 ④survival n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 ⑤to receive a Nobel Prize 动词不定式短语作 the first female scientist 的后置定语，awarded for her contribution 过去分词短语作状语，one of the deadliest diseases in human history 是 malaria 的同位语。 Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. 屠呦呦于1930年出生于浙江宁波，1951年至1955年在北京读大学学习药学。 After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 毕业后，她在中医研究院工作。 •She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. 她完成了传统中医领域的培训课程深造，获得了广泛的中西医知识。 ⑥province n. 省，省份 ⑦broad adj. 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的 ⑧acquiring a broad knowledge是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 Tu's education was soon to prove very useful. 屠呦呦所接受的教育很快被证明是非常有用的。 •In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. 20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾，于是1969年屠呦呦成为一个团队负责人，该团队致力于找到疟疾疗法。 She collected over 2，000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs. 她收集了2，000多种治疗疟疾的中药配方，并从不同的草药中获取了数百种提取物。 ⑨intend vt.& vi. 想要，计划；意指 ⑩extract n. 提取物；选录　vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到 ⑪that intended to find a cure for the disease是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a__team，且在从句中作主语，that不能省略。 When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 当它们未能产生任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。 Inspired by an over 1，600­year­old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. 在一本1，600年前的典籍中，关于用冷水制备青蒿提取物的记载给了屠呦呦启发，她重新设计了试验，并尝试在低温下对这种草药进行提取，以不损害其有效成分。 On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. 1971年10月4日，在190次失败之后，她成功制作出可以治疗老鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。 ⑫herb n. 药草，香草；草本 ⑬refer__to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 ⑭experiment n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践　vi. 做试验，进行实验；尝试 •However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. 然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。 Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the problem. 屠呦呦和她的团队成功找到了解决这个问题的方法。 When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers. 当时没有研究设备，他们只好用家用储水的容器来提取草药。 They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. 他们夜以继日地工作，由于条件恶劣，他们的健康开始受损，但却从未放弃。 ⑮trial n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验　vi.& vt. 测试，试验 ⑯limited adj. 有限的 ⑰household adj. 家庭的，家用的，家务的 n. 一家人，家庭 ⑱container n. 容器；集装箱，货柜 ⑲此句是主从复合句，it为形式主语，to produce enough qinghao extract是动词不定式短语作真正的主语，后面because research ... 为原因状语从句。 •Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem. 然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。 The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. 由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会被推迟。 To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. 为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。 ⑳postpone vt. 延迟，延期 sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的 data n. 数据，资料，材料 speed__up (使)加速 with large amounts of qinghao extract produced 是with的复合结构，此结构是with＋n.＋宾补，produced是过去分词作宾语补足语。 The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. 屠呦呦和她的团队的努力最终得到了回报。 In November 1972, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. 1972年11月，经过反复试验，他们成功发现了青蒿素——青蒿提取物中最有效的成分。 As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. 作为许多抗疟药物中的关键成分，青蒿素迄今已经造福了近2亿疟疾患者。 More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. 在发现青蒿素40多年后，屠呦呦终于因此获得了诺贝尔奖。 In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. 在她的获奖演讲上，屠呦呦鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医这座宝库，并让其更上一层楼。 Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. 也许新一代的科学家汲取中医的智慧，确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。 pay__off 成功，奏效，达到目的 error n. 错误，差错 through__trial__and__error 反复试验 wisdom n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智 beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的 1 survival n. 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物(教材P44) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①After the traffic accident, no one survived except a girl who was badly injured. 交通事故之后，除了一个受伤严重的女孩没有一个人幸存。 ②As a matter of fact, she survived her husband by five years. 事实上，她比她丈夫多活了5年。 ③Some interesting customs have survived from ancient times. 一些有趣的风俗已经从古代保留了下来。 ④After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors of the family and his survival made his old friends very happy. 这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，他成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our ________ (survive)． ②________ (survive) of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time. 答案：①survival　②Survivors (2)单句表达 现在她不得不靠收入补助金维持生计。 She now had to ____________ income support. 答案：survive on 2 intend vt.& vi. 想要，计划；意指(教材P44) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①My girlfriend and I intend to get married next year. 我女朋友和我打算明年结婚。 ②This kind of bicycle is intended for people who are too tall. 这种自行车是专为身材过高的人设计的。 ③I had intended to watch the game, but I had something more important to do. 我本打算看这场比赛，但我有更重要的事要做。 ④I have no intention of retiring just yet. 我现在还没打算退休。 (1)单句语法填空 ①He had intended ________ (come) to your birthday party, but his mother got ill that day. ②I have every intention ________ paying her back what I own her. ③—Can I help you, sir? —Yes. I'd like a dictionary which is intended ________ an English beginner. 答案：①to come　②of　③for (2)单句表达 那对老夫妇打算让他们的儿子出国学习，我认为这是不明智的。 The old couple ____________________________________， which was unwise in my opinion. 答案：intended their son to study abroad 3 refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及(教材P45) 归纳拓展 ①If he gives you any more trouble, refer him to me. 如果他再找你麻烦，叫他来找我。 ②The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field. 这位科学家将这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。 ③In reference to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. 关于你咨询的费用问题，这部电影的票价是每张35元。 ④The emergency nurse can treat minor injuries without reference to a doctor. 急救护士不必征求医生的意见就可以处理轻伤。 在表示“查阅”之意时，refer to 后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等)；look up 多接查询的内容。 You may refer to your notes if you want. 如果需要，可以查阅笔记。 I looked your address up in the personnel file. 我从人事档案里查到了你的地址。 (1)写出下列句中refer to的含义 ①I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man.________ ②She referred to the last page of the book for answers.________ ③These books refer to Asian problems.________ 答案：①指的是　②查阅　③涉及 (2)单句语法填空 ①The result of the research is for ________(refer) only. ②What I have to say ________ (refer) to all of you. ③Our economy is referred to ________ a free market one. 答案：①reference　②refers　③as (3)单句表达 总统在商业会议上讲话，讲了接近一个小时都没有看稿件。 The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour __________________________． 答案：without referring to his notes 4 limited adj. 有限的(教材P45) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①We are doing our best with the limited resources available. 我们尽最大努力利用可获得的有限资源。 ②Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit. 生命有限，知识无涯。 ③I've limited myself to 1，000 calories a day to lose weight. 为了减肥我限定自己每天摄入1，000卡的热量。 ④A man's life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people. I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people. 一个人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务中去。 (1)单句语法填空 ①In my opinion, keeping dogs should not be banned, but ________ (limit) to certain areas. ②The speed of cars and trucks is limited ________ 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China. 答案：①limited　②to (2)单句表达 我们必须好好利用我们有限的时间和金钱。 We must make good use of our ____________________________． 答案：limited time and money 5 speed up (使)加速(教材P45) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. 显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加快达到目标的速度。 ②This flight is now heading for Paris at a speed of 1，000 kilometres an hour. 这次飞行现在正以每小时1，000公里的速度向巴黎出发。 ③I began to pick up speed, but suddenly I realized I had forgotten how to stop. 我开始逐渐加速，但我突然意识到我忘了该怎么停下来。 speed 的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或 sped, sped；speed up 的反义短语为 slow down “减速”。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The car slowed down at the turning, so I speeded ________ to catch up with it. ②How did the accident come about since he drove at ________ speed of sixty miles per hour? ③The weeks sped ________ and soon it was time to go back to school. 答案：①up　②a　③by (2)单句表达 他们正在拓宽大桥，以加速车流。 They are broadening the bridge ______________ the flow of traffic. 答案：to speed up 6 pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的(教材P45) 归纳拓展 ①I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay off. 我也希望我的努力能得到回报。 ②Loss of health is too high a price to pay for success. 为了成功而搞坏身体，代价太高了。 ③He couldn't reasonably be expected to pay back the loan all at once. 公平合理地讲，不可能指望他一下子归还全部借款。 (1)单句语法填空 ①At worst we'll have to sell the house so as to pay ________ our debts. ②That I can pay ________ the help people give me makes me happy. 答案：①off　②back (2)单句表达 努力就有回报，我们应该努力通过学习提高自己，为将来做准备。 ______________________， and we should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. 答案：Hard work pays off 7 beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的(教材P45) 归纳拓展 ①A good diet is beneficial to our health. ＝A good diet benefits our health. ＝A good diet is of benefit to our health. 良好的饮食有利于我们的健康。 ②We should spend the money on things that everyone can benefit from. 我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能受益的事情上。 (1)单句语法填空 ①My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be ________ (benefit) to his health. ②I hope what I have written will be of benefit ________ someone else who may feel the same way. 答案：①beneficial　②to (2)单句表达 做眼保健操对视力有益。 ______________________________ eye exercises. 答案：It is beneficial to eyesight to do 8 However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments. (教材P47) 然而，直到20世纪70年代，经过多次失败的实验后，屠呦呦才成功地发现了青蒿素。 剖析 not until强调句，强调时应将not一起置于被强调的部分里面，构成“It is/was＋not until＋that ...”。 归纳拓展 ①It is not until you've finished your homework that you are allowed to go out. 直到你把作业做完才能出去。 ②It was not until you pointed it out to me that I realized my mistake. 直到你给我指出它，我才意识到自己的错误。 ③Was it Mary that bought a new car? 是玛丽买的新车吗？ (1)单句语法填空 ①It was not until I became involved in student government ________ I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President. ②It was not ________ it got dark that I left. 答案：①that　②until (2)单句表达 直到1972年，战争才终于结束。 ________________ that the war finally came to an end. 答案：It was not until 1972 9 By then, the fight against malaria had achieved only limited success.(教材P47) 到那时，抗击疟疾的努力只取得了有限的成功。 剖析 by＋表示过去的时间状语，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时。 归纳拓展 ①By the end of last month, we had learnt more than 300 words. 到上个月底，我们已经学了300多个单词了。 ②By now 516 Confucius Institutes have been founded in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters. 根据孔子学院总部的统计，到现在为止，全世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516个孔子学院。 ③The railway will have been completed by the end of next year. 这条铁路将于明年年底前竣工。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Mike ________ (make) some friends in his new school by now. ②By the time the doctor arrived at the spot, the patient ________ (die). 答案：①has made　②had died (2)单句表达 到20世纪20年代，他已经成为了一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。 By the 1920s, he ____________ an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. 答案：had become Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．The thunderstorm bringing great loss was in several ________ (省份) along the Yangtze River. 答案：provinces 2．They have been ________ (彻底的) enemies ever since the experiment proved a failure. 答案：deadly 3．These reasons are not ________ (足够的) to justify the ban. 答案：sufficient 4．Sausages are a kind of food that consists of a tube of skin containing meat mixed with ________ (香草)． 答案：herbs 5．Given this ________ (数据), it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence. 答案：data 6．He greeted them with a wave and a b________ smile. 答案：broad 7．The exhibition, sponsored by the local government, will i________ how life evolved from water. 答案：illustrate 8．Zhong Nanshan was awarded the Medal of the R________ for his outstanding contribution to China's medical cause. 答案：Republic 9．They either rent a studio space or organize the learning pod in their h________． 答案：household 10．I question the w________ of giving a child so much money. 答案：wisdom Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The director's fresh­faced leading actresses are referred to ________ “Mou Girls” by the media. 答案：as 2．The ceremony in this province is a ________ (survive) from pre­Christian times. 答案：survival 3．It was not until his wife came back ________ he went to bed. 答案：that 4．He had this important machine ________ trial for a month. 答案：on 5．I have no ________ (intend) of allowing you to continue living here alone. 答案：intention 6．Water resource is vital to humans' survival and development, and it's ________ (limit)． 答案：limited 7．Busy ________ (experiment) with his new machines, the engineer had no time to make the new information known to his colleagues. 答案：experimenting 8．Some mushrooms contain a ________ (dead) poison. 答案：deadly 9．Mark Twain was brought up along the Mississippi River, which was ________ (benefit) to his writing. 答案：beneficial 10．We'll have to postpone the meeting ________ next week. 答案：until Ⅲ.单句表达 1．玛丽决心成为一名医生，她的坚持不懈带来了成功。 Mary was determined to become a doctor and her persistence ____________． 答案：paid off 2．请在不查阅字典的情况下完成练习。 Complete the exercise without ____________________________． 答案：referring to the dictionary 3．新系统将加快测试程序。 The new system ________________ the testing process. 答案：will speed up 4．我爷爷通过反复摸索学会了运用计算机程序。 My grandpa learned to use computer programs ______________________． 答案：through trial and error 5．直到我接受了这个岗位，我才意识到任务的艰巨性。 ________________ after I had accepted the position that I realized the enormity of the task. 答案：It wasn't until 课后课时作业(一) Ⅰ　阅读 A Reach for the stars at the Euro Space Center Find out everything you need to know about space—from the origins of the universe to the possible future space exploration. Lighting, sound and special effects help to bring your space journey to life. Throughout your tour, our specially­trained guides will answer your questions and provide you with any information you require. Begin your tour with our exhibition about the planets, and then move on to the Space Laboratory to see some of the experiments carried out in space. Visit our international space station, where you can climb into our full­size space shuttle (太空船) model and experience life on board as an astronaut. You will know all about space by now and to help you further, our Space Center astronauts will tell you about how young people train as astronauts in our own training school. Finally, you can watch our amazing space shows in our IMAX cinema, which will help you understand everything you have learned during your visit better. Outside we have an outdoor exhibition including a giant solar system, full­size rocket models and outdoor games. Don't worry if it rains—much of this is under cover. After that, why not visit our restaurant Resto Space for food and drink on a space theme? And don't forget our Space Shop, offering you a huge range of gifts to take home. The Euro Space Center is open every day except Mondays. Opening times are 10 am5 pm. For entrance fees, call our booking service at 3261－650133. You can e­mail us for up­to­date entry information at info@eurospacecenter.be. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了欧洲航天中心以及人们在这个中心可以参与的一系列活动。 1．What can visitors do in the space shuttle model? A．Enjoy an outdoor exhibition. B．Watch amazing space shows. C．Learn about space experiments. D．Know how astronauts live in space. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Visit our international space station ... as an astronaut.”可知，游客可以在宇宙飞船模型里体验宇航员的太空生活，故选D。 2．Which period of time can you visit here? A．11 am-6 pm, Sunday. B．10 am-3pm, Friday. C．9 am-4 pm, Thursday. D．10 am-3 pm, Monday. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一、二句“The Euro Space Center is open every day except Mondays.Opening times are 10 am－5 pm.”可知，可以在星期五上午10点至下午3点之间参观，故选B。 3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To show his love of space. B．To share his space shuttle experience. C．To recommend a good place to explore space. D．To introduce how to conduct a space experiment. 答案：C　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了欧洲航天中心以及人们在这个中心可以参与的一系列活动，由此可推知，本文的目的是推荐一个探索太空的好地方，故选C。 B Marie Tharp, who was born in Michigan in 1920, produced one of the world's first maps of the ocean floor. As a female, Tharp never thought she could do soil surveyingW1 like her father. Women during her time were prevented from working in the scientific field. Jobs for young women were limited in optionsW2 to: secretary, bookkeeper, nurse, school teacher or librarian. During World War Ⅱ， since many of the men were off fighting, there was opportunity for women to fill certain job roles. She earned her Master's degree in Geology in 1944, and another Bachelor's degree in Mathematics in 1948. After receiving her degree, she worked as a research assistantW3 at the Lamont Geological Laboratory in Columbia University. While there, she met Bruce Heezen, who she would work together with for the next 30 years. Before the 1950s, little was known about the layout of the ocean floor. Tharp and Heezen became part of a research project to map it. However, women at that time were not allowed on boats. So Heezen went out and collected the initial data, which was sent to Tharp back at home. Working with only pens and rulers, she drew the details of the ocean floor using longitude (经度) by latitude degree (纬度). It was a technical process, but Tharp got the task done. The first published map of the North Atlantic ocean was in 1957. It revealed that the ocean floor was not flat, but covered withP features like canyons, ridges, and mountains just like on land. In 1977, Tharp completed a full world's ocean map titled The World Ocean Floor. Marie Tharp is greatly recognized as a pioneer in a field dominated by men. Although more through maps of the ocean floor exist today, the impact of Tharp and her mapping of the ocean floor is still with us. Her work helped bring to life the unknown ocean world, and helped prove important information about our earth's development. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国科学家Marie Tharp(玛丽·撒普)的生平事迹，和她绘制世界上第一张海底地图的经过以及她的成就和影响。 4．What do we know about women at Tharp's time? A．They were interested in maps. B．They couldn't work in science field. C．They could do the same jobs as men. D．They had a wide range of job choices. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Women during her time were prevented from working in the scientific field.”可知，在Tharp那个时代，女性不能在科学领域工作。故选B。 5．What mainly made it possible for Tharp to work as a researcher? A．Men's going to war. B．Her meeting Heezen. C．Her father's influence. D．Her work as a research assistant. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“During World War Ⅱ， since many of the men were off fighting, there was opportunity for women to fill certain job roles.”可知，男人去打仗使得Tharp能够成为一名研究人员。故选A。 6．What can be inferred about Tharp's scientific research? A．It was finished with difficulty. B．It was done with advanced tools. C．It was completed by Tharp alone. D．It was based on former researches. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“little was known about the layout of the ocean floor”， “Tharp and Heezen became part of a research project to map it.”以及“Working with only pens and rulers”可排除B、C、D三项。故选A。 7．Which of the following best describes Tharp? A．Responsible and caring. B．Adventurous and frank. C．Determined and friendly. D．Professional and devoted. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Working with only ... got the task done.”可知，即使设备工具十分简陋，Tharp仍完成了任务；结合本段中的“The first published map ... Ocean Floor.”可知，经过数十年，Tharp才完成第一份海底地图。综上可知，Tharp是一个既专业又有奉献精神的人。故选D。 W重点单词 1．surveying n．测量 2.option n. 选择 3．assistant n. 助理 P重点短语 be covered with 被……覆盖 Ⅱ　七选五 Fancy a holiday to the moon? Sounds crazy? Not really. A Japanese company has been working on how to organize holidays to the moon for several years now. __1__ Trying to make the holiday possible will not be an easy task, and the Japanese company plans to make it in stages. __2__ A transport system, like the space shuttle (航天飞机) used by NASA at the moment is likely to be developed for this purpose. The next stage is to build a big hotel orbiting 500 km above the earth. The hotel will orbit the earth once every four or five hours, which will offer visitors some fascinating views of the earth. __3__ While this may not seem very exciting at first, think about new sports that can be designed for people to play in zero gravity. The final stage in the plan is the construction of a hotel on the surface of the moon itself. As solar energy would be used to provide power, it would be important to build the hotel near one of the poles of the moon in order to gather as much solar energy as possible. __4__ It is also important to find a part of the moon which is flat, as a long runway will need to be built for the space shuttle to land on. Meanwhile, the company has already developed ways to make cement (水泥) on the moon. __5__ The company plans to produce water from oxygen elements, which can be found in moon rocks and hydrogen, which will have to be imported from earth. So perhaps in a few years you might be enjoying yourselves on the moon. A．Next, the hotel will have a wide range of sporting activities. B．Tourists who want to travel into space can stay at a big hotel. C．The first thing to do is to organize trips around the earth for a few hours. D．There would probably be holidays to a moon hotel within the next ten years. E．There is plenty of sand, but the big problem will come with producing water. F．This part of the development plan does not seem to be too difficult to carry out. G．This is because a lunar day, which is 14 earth days long, is followed by 14 days of darkness. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家日本公司致力于到月球旅行的项目的相关信息。 1．D　根据上文“Not really. A Japanese company has been working on how to organize holidays to the moon for several years now.”可知，到月球旅行并不疯狂，一家日本公司已经花了好几年的时间研究如何到月球旅行。D项(在未来的十年里，很有可能去月球旅馆度假。)承接上文。故选D。 2．C　根据上文“the Japanese company plans to make it in stages”可知，该计划分为几个步骤。C项(第一步就是绕地球飞行几个小时。)承接上文。故选C。 3．A　根据上文“The hotel will orbit the earth once every four or five hours(这家宾馆可以每四到五个小时就绕地球一圈)”和下文“While this may not seem very exciting at first, think about new sports that can be designed for people to play in zero gravity.(尽管这听起来不是那么让人兴奋，但是想一想那些零重力下的新型运动方式。)”可知，A项(接下来这家宾馆提供各种各样的运动活动。)承上启下。故选A。 4．G　根据上文中的“it would be important to build the hotel near one of the poles of the moon in order to gather as much solar energy as possible”可知，为了尽可能多地收集太阳能，把宾馆建在月球的一极附近将会很重要。G项(这是因为，一个月球日包括14天的地球日的白天，接着是14天地球日的黑夜。)承接上文。故选G。 5．E　根据下文“The company plans to produce water from oxygen elements, which can be found in moon rocks and hydrogen, which will have to be imported from earth.”可知，这家公司计划用含氧元素的物质和氢气来制造水，含氧元素物质可以在月岩找到，氢气从地球运输过去。E项((月球上)有很多沙子，但是一个很大的问题就是获取水源。)引出下文。故选E。 Ⅲ　语法填空 Traditional Chinese painting and dance are two vital parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other? A dance drama __1__ (title) Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) was staged on CCTV's Spring Festival Gala last year and became __2__ hit immediately. The poetic dance program was inspired by the 900­year­old Chinese painting A panorama of Rivers and Mountains, Created by the Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng, the painting is famous __3__ its sweeping size, rich coloration and the expressive details. __4__ (show) the beauty of traditional Chinese painting, the dancers each had a different hairstyle, __5__ looked like a mountain rock. The clothes they wore were in __6__ (shade) of green and blue, also a poetic interpretation of the mountains and rivers. When the dancers moved __7__ (elegant), audiences seemed to be looking at the __8__ (move) mountains and rivers. In fact, more and more people, especially the __9__(young) generations with more open mind, now are proud of traditional culture and show great love for it. That's why so many modern shows highlight traditional Chinese culture and __10__ (receive) warm welcome in recent years. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。《只此青绿》——舞绘《千里江山图》在央视春晚一炮走红，中国的年轻人也越来越为传统文化感到骄傲。 1．titled　考查非谓语动词。dance drama和title为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填titled。 2．a　考查冠词。句意：名为《只此青绿》——舞绘《千里江山图》的舞剧在今年的央视春晚上播出，一炮而红。hit在此处意为“红极一时的人/物”是可数名词，表示泛指，且hit的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 3．for　考查介词。be famous for“因……而闻名”，为固定短语。故填for。 4．To show　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了展示中国传统绘画的美，舞者们每个人都有一个不同的发型，看起来就像一块山岩。此处应用动词不定式，构成不定式短语作目的状语，设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填To show。 5．which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词a different hairstyle，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 6．shades　考查名词。句意：他们穿的衣服是绿色和蓝色的色调，也是对山川和河流的诗意诠释。根据设空后的of green and blue可知，不止一个色调，应用名词复数。故填shades。 7．elegantly　考查词性转换。句意：当舞者优雅地舞动时，观众仿佛看到了移动的山川。设空处应用副词，修饰动词moved。故填elegantly。 8．moving　考查词性转换。设空处应用形容词，修饰名词mountains 和 rivers; moving“移动的”。故填moving。 9．younger　考查形容词的比较级。句意：事实上，越来越多的人，尤其是思想更开放的年轻一代，现在为传统文化感到骄傲，并对它表示极大的喜爱。此处表示“更年轻的一代”，应用形容词的比较级。故填younger。 10．have received　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，应用现在完成时，且主语modern shows为复数。故填have received。 课后课时作业(二) Ⅰ　完形填空 Yuan Longping is the pioneer of China's research and development of hybrid rice. He is also the first scientist in the world to __1__ use the advantage of rice hybrid varieties. He is __2__ as the “father of hybrid rice”． This __3__ respectable scientist known for developing the first hybrid rice strains, was born on the ninth day of the seventh lunar month in 1930. Then in 1949, Yuan __4__ Southwest Agricultural College and began his special connection with __5__—a staple food of the Chinese people that would become the focus of his __6__ research career. Later the __7__ of a wild rice species by Yuan in the southern island of Hainan in 1970 became the __8__ of China's decades of hybrid rice research. He has helped China __9__ a great wonder—__10__ nearly one­fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land. While food shortages have long belonged to China's past, Yuan, the famine (饥荒) fighter, has a much bigger dream—to __11__ the whole world from hunger. Since the 1980s, Yuan's team has __12__ training courses in dozens of countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Yuan's team was __13__ to try out the saline­alkaline tolerant (耐盐碱的) rice in __14__ fields in Dubai (迪拜) in January 2018, achieving huge success. China's technique has been __15__ as a powerful way to fight the world's food shortages. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹以及他取得的伟大成就。 1．A.willingly B．artificially C．successfully D．mistakenly 答案：C　根据下文“He is __2__ as the ‘father of hybrid rice’．”可知，他成功地利用了水稻杂交的优势。故选C。 2．A.written B．known C．rated D．greeted 答案：B　根据上文“Yuan Longping is the pioneer of China's research and development of hybrid rice.”以及下文“as the‘father of hybrid rice’”可知，他被称为“杂交水稻之父”。be known as“被称为；以……著称”。故选B。 3．A.globally B．partly C．gradually D．surprisingly 答案：A　根据语境和常识可知，袁隆平在世界上享有盛名，受人尊敬。故选A。 4．A.searched for B．set up C．adapted to D．applied for 答案：D　search for “寻找，搜寻”；set up “建立”；adapt to “使适应……”；apply for “申请”。根据下文“Southwest Agricultural College”可知，他申请上了西南农业大学。故选D。 5．A.species B．rice C．food D．agriculture 答案：B　根据文章中多处提到的“rice”以及下文“a staple food of the Chinese people”可知，此处表示袁隆平与水稻的联系。故选B。 6．A.lifelong B．brief C．new D．limited 答案：A　根据上文“the pioneer of China's research and development of hybrid rice”和“as the ‘father of hybrid rice’”可知，袁隆平毕生都在研究水稻。lifelong “终身的；毕生的”。故选A。 7．A.data B．discovery C．document D．symbol 答案：B　根据下文“a wild rice species by Yuan in the southern island of Hainan”可知，袁隆平在海南岛发现了一种野生水稻。故选B。 8．A.beginning B．development C．procedure D．ending 答案：A　根据下文“decades of hybrid rice research”可知，袁隆平至此开始了长达数十年的杂交水稻研究。故选A。 9．A.imagine B．spot C．create D．observe 答案：C　根据下文“nearly one­fifth of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's total land”可知，他创造了奇迹，用不到9%的土地喂养了世界人口的五分之一。故选C。 10．A.charging B．reducing C．updating D．feeding 答案：D　根据常识可知，杂交水稻的研究是为了供人民食用。故选D。 11．A.save B．affect C．maintain D．protest 答案：A　根据上文“While food shortages have long belonged to China's past, Yuan, the famine (饥荒) fighter, has a much bigger dream”可知，尽管中国人民不再挨饿，但袁隆平更大的梦想是拯救整个世界人民不挨饿。save from “从……中救出，使免受”。故选A。 12．A.reserved B．bought C．requested D．offered 答案：D　根据下文“training courses in dozens of countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia”可知，此处表示袁隆平的团队提供培训课程给其他国家以帮助他们。故选D。 13．A.opposed B．invited C．monitored D．registered 答案：B　根据下文“fields in Dubai (迪拜)”可知，袁隆平的团队被邀请去做试验。故选B。 14．A.military B．experimental C．various D．poisonous 答案：B　military “军事的”；experimental “实验的”；various “各种各样的”；poisonous “有毒的”。根据上文“try out the saline­alkaline tolerant (耐盐碱的) rice”可知，是在试验场地进行试验。故选B。 15．A.earned B．announced C．eyed D．appointed 答案：C　根据上文所述，袁隆平的团队给其他国家提供培训课程，和在迪拜的水稻试验获得成功可知，中国的技术被视为对抗世界粮食短缺的有力方法。故选C。 Ⅱ　阅读 Elon Musk is a symbol of passionW1, hard work and success. A person may work hard in his life, but when hard work goes along with passion and a new idea, then something is created that astonishesW2 the world. As the founder of big companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla Motors, Elon Musk is a guide and inspirationW3 for the youth around the world. Elon Musk was born on June 28, 1971 in Pretoria, South Africa. He was the eldest of three children. His father Errol Musk, a British­born South African, was an engineer. Musk spent his childhood in South Africa and at the age of 9, he got his first personal computer. This got Elon interested in programming and he started to learn on his own. At the age of 12, he made his first computer game, Blaster, which earned him $500 when he sold the source code to a magazine. When he was 17, he decided to leave home and had wanted to move to the United States after graduating from a secondary school in Pretoria. However, he was unable to move to the United States. In 1989, Elon Musk moved to Canada, where his mother's relatives lived. After obtaining Canadian citizenship, Musk went to Montreal. Due to a lack of money, he found a low­paying job. At the age of 19, he entered Queens University in Kingston, Ontario, studying there for two years. Finally, in 1992, his dream came true—he moved to the United States. As a teenager, Musk struggled with depression. But then he realized that the most important thing was presenting himself with the right questions. The day he started doing this, everything started to get easier. Musk thought that a human being had to expand the limits of his consciousness—to ask the right questions and get answers to them; thus he asked the best question of all: what will have the greatest impact on the future of humans? Musk found that these things were the Internet and space exploration. The life of Elon Musk is inspiring. He found success on the Internet, without much formal learning. By reading books and using his willpower and dedicationW4, he reached a level of knowledge that is difficult to imagine. He did not give upP until he achieved his dreams. Elon Musk truly stands out among other billionaires because of his leadership abilities, positive attitude, ability to know when to take risks, and belief in futuristic technologies. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 PayPal、SpaceX、Tesla Motors的创始人 Elon Musk(埃隆·马斯克)的个人经历。 1．According to the passage, Elon Musk gained knowledge of computer by ________． A．teaching himself B．learning from his father C．taking online courses D．studying in Queens University 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第五句“This got Elon interested in programming and he started to learn on his own.”可知，Elon Musk通过自学获得了计算机知识。故选A。 2．What made things easier for Elon Musk when he suffered from depression? A．Expanding knowledge by reading books. B．Asking himself the right questions. C．Achieving success on the Internet. D．Designing computer games. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“But then he realized that the most important thing was presenting himself with the right questions. The day he started doing this, everything started to get easier.”可知，当Elon Musk患上抑郁症时，他通过问自己正确的问题让事情变得更容易。故选B。 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It's never too late to learn. B．Youth means limitless possibilities. C．Where there's a will, there's a way. D．He who doesn't advance falls backward. 答案：C　推理判断题。Elon Musk通过自学获得了计算机知识，通过不懈努力与抑郁症作斗争最终战胜疾病。由此可推知，文章告诉了我们“有志者，事竟成”的道理。故选C。 4．Which words can best describe Elon Musk according to the passage? A．Optimistic and generous. B．Ambitious and determined. C．Independent and helpful. D．Adventurous and realistic. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句中的“he reached a level of knowledge that is difficult to imagine”可知，Musk是一个有抱负的人；根据第四句“He did not give up until he achieved his dreams.”可知，他是个有决心的人。故选B。 W重点单词 1．passion n. 热情 2.astonish v. 使惊讶 3．inspiration n. 灵感 4．dedication n. 奉献，致力 P重点短语 give up 放弃 Ⅲ　语法填空 In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is now as simple as shopping online: click, pay and wait for __1__ (them) delivery. The city's public library recently launched a program on WeChat, __2__ popular Chinese messaging software, enabling its readers to check out books online and get them __3__ (deliver) to their homes at low prices. To enjoy the “Hangzhou enjoyable reading” service, one first needs to follow the library's official WeChat account, __4__ provides a list of books. After picking books, borrowers are required __5__ (present) their information such as their library membership cards, cellphone numbers and so on. The selected items will be delivered by express within three days after payments. Each reader can borrow up to 5 books once and 20 books at most __6__ total. The books can be kept for up to 40 days. Readers now can borrow the library's most popular books in this way. The online books will be renewed and enriched __7__ (gradual) according to reader's borrowing __8__ (habit) and preference. At the end of next month, the library's old and classic books __9__ (put) online too, making the total number of books available and bringing borrowers a lot of __10__ (convenient)． 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州图书馆网上借书和派送的步骤、过程、好处和优惠活动。 1．their　考查代词。应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词delivery。故填their。 2．a　考查冠词。software为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且popular的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 3．delivered　考查非谓语动词。此处为“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构，them指 books，与动词 deliver为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填delivered。 4．which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the library's official WeChat account，且在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 5．to present　考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth “需要做某事、被要求做某事”，为固定用法。故填to present。 6．in　考查介词。in total “总共”，为固定搭配。故填in。 7．gradually　考查词性转换。应用副词修饰动词 renewed和enriched。故填 gradually。 8．habits　考查名词。habit为可数名词，前文没有冠词，用复数表示泛指。故填habits。 9．will be put　考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语“At the end of next month”可知，本句为一般将来时；主语old and classic books和动词put为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be put。 10．convenience　考查词性转换。a lot of修饰名词；convenience “便利”，为不可数名词。故填convenience。 Ⅳ　应用文写作 假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jeff得知你参加了你校学生会主办的 “The Chinese Scientist I Admire Most” 故事分享会，写信询问有关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1．感谢关注； 2．你的分享； 3．你的感想。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jeff， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [精彩范文] Dear Jeff， Thank you for your attention to the activity whose theme is “The Chinese Scientist I Admire Most”， which was organized by Student Union of our school. I am more than willing to tell you about the event. I shared the story of Yuan Longping, an agricultural scientist known as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He developed the world's first successful hybrid rice varieties, which dramatically increased rice production in China. His approach to rice breeding also serves as a solution to food problems around the globe. The scientists' stories shared by other participants truly inspired me, motivating me to truly love science by making great contributions to it. Could you please tell me about your favorite scientist? Yours， Li Hua 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$