UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案课件PPT（北师大版2019）

WELCOME UNIT UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING Section Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 课前预习导学 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测（一） 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 ３ 课时语法精讲 4 课堂效果检测（二） 5 课后课时作业（三） 6 课后课时作业（四） 7 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 课前预习导学 重点合作探究 1 founder n． 创办人，创始者(教材P34) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Founded in the early 20th century， the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art． 这所创建于20世纪初期的学校一直激励着孩子们热爱艺术。 ②As we all know， a good relationship has to be founded on/upon trust． 众所周知，良好的关系必须建立在信任的基础上。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 Each complaint is analysed very closely and if it has no ___________ (found) it rejected． (2)单句写作 他建立这个慈善机构来纪念他已故的妻子。 He __________________ in honour of his late wife． foundation founded the charity 重点合作探究 2 contented adj． 满意的；满足的(教材P109) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①Happy is he who is contented/satisfied with what he has． 知足者常乐。 ②John seems contented/satisfied to sit in front of the computer all night． 约翰似乎很满足整晚坐在电脑前。 ③She dropped her suitcase and the contents fell out on the floor． 她的手提箱掉了，里面的东西散落在地上。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 But he seemed _________ (content) with life． (2)单句写作 ①我们永远不要只满足于书本知识。 We should never ____________________ book knowledge only． ②他很乐意当老师。 He _____________ work as a teacher． contented content ourselves with is contented to 重点合作探究 3 occur vi． 发生(教材P109) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①A brilliant idea occurred to me． 我想到一个极好的主意。 ②It occurred to me to visit my teacher． 我想到要去看看我的老师。 ③It didn't occur to him that she would refuse his invitation． 他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。 重点合作探究 以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态。 易混辨析：occur/happen/take place/break out occur vi．可指某事偶然发生或者按照计划进行，可与happen互换，但比较正式。后接介词to时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。 happen vi．特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”，要用sth happened to sb；表示“碰巧做某事”，要用happen to do sth。 take place 通常指经过安排使某事发生。 break out 指战争、火灾等的发生。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ____ did not occur to us that too much walking was harmful． (2)选词填空(occur/happen/take place/break out) ①That accident __________ yesterday． ②A fire ___________ during the night． ③The meeting __________ at 8：00 as planned． ④I suppose it never ________ to you to phone the police． It happened broke out took place occurred 重点合作探究 4 survival n． 继续生存，幸存(教材P109) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①His doctor says it's a miracle that he survived． 他的医生说他能活下来是个奇迹。 ②Still a few houses have survived from the Tang Dynasty． 仍然有一些房子从唐朝遗留下来。 ③Officials said there were no survivors of the plane crash． 官员们说这次飞机失事中没有幸存者。 重点合作探究 survive用作及物动词时，可直接跟“疾病、灾难、事故”等名词，表示“从……中幸存下来”。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 ①________ (survive) of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time. ②Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our ________ (survive)． (2)单句写作 ①令所有工人们高兴的是公司设法度过了危机。 To all the workers' joy， the company managed to ________________． ②据说这位女士比她的丈夫多活了10年。 It's said that the woman _____________________________． Survivors survival survive the crisis survived her husband by 10 years 重点合作探究 5 come up with 想出，想到(教材P36) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia． 设计师说，他在俄罗斯的街道上看到人们淋湿后，才有了这个想法。 ②She just wanted to go home and not come back． 她只想回家而且不再回来。 ③He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really come across． 他说了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。 重点合作探究 ④We've recorded a new album， and it's coming out in the spring． 我们录制了一盘新专辑，将于春天问世。 ⑤By studying hard I caught up with the others of the class． 通过努力学习，我终于赶上班里的其他同学了。 重点合作探究 come up with意为“提出”，主语(多是人)是提出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容；come up意为“被提出”，其主语(多是物)是被提出的内容，无被动语态。 As soon as the project came up at the meeting， it attracted many people's attention． 计划在会上一经提出，就引起了许多人的关注。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 Whoever can come up ________ the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave． (2)选词填空(catch up with/put up with/keep up with/end up with/come up with) ①Keep your eyes on these jokers， and you never know what they will ____________． ②Commercial advertisement is one of the things we have to ____________ when watching TV． with come up with put up with 重点合作探究 ③It is difficult for the old to ____________ the rapid pace of change． ④It is possible that one day we will ____________ disability， so we shouldn't look down upon the disabled． ⑤After being out of school so long， she had to work hard in order to ____________ the others． keep up with end up with catch up with 重点合作探究 6 People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey， so that someone else could then take it and use it from there．(教材P36) 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。 剖析 so that在此处引导目的状语从句，意为“目的是，为了……”，相当于in order that。 归纳 拓展 (1)so that引导目的状语从句时，常与can， could， be able to等词连用。 (2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，意为“结果；因此”。但作此用法时，一般不与can， could， be able to连用。 重点合作探究 ①We decide to hold a meeting so that we can discuss the matter． ＝We decide to hold a meeting in order that we can discuss the matter． 我们决定开会来讨论这件事。 ②Some stars put on a hat and dark glasses so that the citizens can't recognise them． 一些明星戴上帽子和墨镜，为了市民认不出他们。 ③Man has killed too many animals， so that there are fewer and fewer kinds of animals left． 人类猎杀了过多的动物，结果动物的种类越来越少。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 She burned the letters so _____ her husband would never read them． (2)单句写作 公共汽车拋锚了，因此我们必须步行。 The bus broke down， ____________________． that so that we had to walk 重点合作探究 7 set up 建立，创立(教材P38) 归纳 拓展 重点合作探究 ①The School Art Festival has set up a stage where students can show their talents． 学校艺术节建立了一个同学们可以展示他们才华的平台。 ②People thought setting off firecrackers could help drive away evil spirits during the New Year． 人们认为在新年里燃放鞭炮可以帮助驱走邪恶的灵魂。 ③At 8 am， we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits． 上午8时，我们在大青山脚下集合，兴高采烈地动身向山顶出发了。 重点合作探究 (1)单句语法填空 The young man and his bride set _____ for a journey back to his native land． (2)单句写作 树立正确人生观的最好方式是了解自己的能力、接受现实并采取积极的态度向着梦想前进。 The best way to _______ a correct outlook on life is to be aware of one‘s ability， accept one’s reality and adopt a positive attitude to one‘s dreams． out set up 重点合作探究 课堂效果检测(一) Ⅰ．根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．With the fast development of ___________ (农业)， the people， in whose village she taught 10 years ago， have lived a happy life． 2．The hotels launched new services to cater for the growing number of Chinese visitors to the ________ (地区)． 3．The rising crime _____ (比率) is a major concern of society． 4．Do you know the source of the saying I just ________ (引用)? 5．The ________ (当前的) problem is how to prevent the pollution in the city． agriculture region rate quoted current 课堂效果检测(一) 39 6．The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a p_____ of $6．2 million a year earlier． 7．A good idea o________ to me that we could advertise our products on the Internet． 8．We will o________ that difficulty when get to it． 9．O________ people can own guns in America， but that is not the case in China． 10．Not only David but also I am against the plan． T________， the plan will surely be given up． rofit ccurred vercome rdinary herefore 课堂效果检测(一) 40 Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．She came in and picked up a ________ (post) with PRIZES! PRIZES! PRIZES! printed at the bottom． 2．We would like to thank the ________ (found) of our library， without whose help none of this would have been possible． 3．The TV __________ (organise) had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing， but they could only find one who was good enough． 4．Martina contented herself ______ a bowl of soup． 5．What do you think of the ________ (propose) that improvement be made in the type of vacuum cleaner? poster founder organisers with proposal 课堂效果检测(一) 41 6．It is obvious that she has lost weight， for she looks much ________ (slim) than she did last year． 7．Unless a heart operation is carried out， his chance of ________ (survive) is slight， since it is the third time that he has suffered a severe heart attack． 8．Winter is setting ____ and the population is facing food and fuel shortages． 9．They were talking about the persons and things that they could remember in their ________ (form) school． 10．Life belongs to us only once; ________， we should make full use of every minute and try to do something useful． slimmer survival in former therefore 课堂效果检测(一) 42 Ⅲ．选词填空 1．The talk failed because no one could _____________ a solution accepted by both sides． 2．It ____________ me that I had left my umbrella upstairs． 3．Some strange customs have _____________ earlier times． 4．They left early ________ they could catch the early bus． come up with occurred to survived from so that come up with; stand for; so that; be contented with; set off; occur to; survive from; a matter of; work through; thanks to 课堂效果检测(一) 43 5．What do the letters BBC _________？ 6．__________ your help， we accomplished the task ahead of time． 7．The color and style are __________ personal taste． 8．_____ you ______________ your present life? 9．I wonder to know how you ________________ the sadness when your application was not accepted． 10．Any escape， once it‘s detected， ________ the alarm． stand for Thanks to a matter of Are contented with worked through sets off come up with; stand for; so that; be contented with; set off; occur to; survive from; a matter of; work through; thanks to 课堂效果检测(一) 44 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 46 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．At work， it is IQ that gets you ______ (hire); but it is EQ that gets you ________ (promote)． 2．________ (write) in a hurry， this article was not so good! 3．People are often ________ (mistake) in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well． 4．__________ (influence) by the growing interest in nature， more and more people enjoy outdoor sports． hired promoted Written mistaken Influenced 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 47 5．We should give the ________ (disable) encouragement to live as rich and full a life as we do． 6．________ (accuse) of stealing money， the man was brought to court． 7．You pretend to be ________ (interest)． 8．______ (see) at a distance， the picture looks more beautiful． 9．When ________ (ask) why he was late， he went red． disabled Accused interested Seen asked 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 48 语法讲座 1．动词－ed形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，它兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，表示完成或被动意义。 2．动词－ed形式的基本形式：动词＋－ed，但也有不规则形式。 否定形式：not/never＋动词－ed形式。 一、动词－ed形式的定义及基本形式 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 49 动词－ed形式在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 1．动词－ed形式作定语 作定语的动词－ed形式相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的－ed形式作定语，既表示被动又表示完成；不及物动词的－ed形式作定语，仅表示完成。 (1)单个动词－ed形式作定语时，一般放在被修饰词的前面。 The excited people rushed into the building． 激动的人们冲进了大楼。 The new product finally passed the required test． 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。 二、动词－ed形式的句法功能 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 50 有些单个的动词－ed形式，如left(剩余的)， given(所给的)， concerned(有关的)等，习惯上用作后置定语。 He saved every penny， often eating food left． 他节省每一分钱，常吃剩饭。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 51 (2)动词－ed形式作定语时，与所修饰的名词之间为被动关系，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，其“被动”与“完成”的含义可以在从句中表现出来。 The computer bought last week doesn't work now． ＝The computer that was bought last week doesn't work now． 上周买的那台电脑现在出故障了。 Those chosen as team members must be here at 7 am tomorrow． ＝Those who have been chosen as team members must be here at 7 am tomorrow． 被挑选为队员的人必须明天早上7点到这儿。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 52 (1)单句语法填空 ①The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems． ②The witnesses __________ (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight． returned questioned 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 53 (2)句型转换 ①A letter that was posted yesterday will reach her next week． →A letter ________________ will reach her next week． ②The book that was given to him is an English novel． →The book _____________ is an English novel． ③The horse that was frightened ran away from the fire． →The ____________ horse ran away from the fire． posted yesterday given to him frightened 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 54 2．动词－ed形式作表语 (1)动词－ed形式作表语，除了可以用在系动词be之后，还可用于get， become等系动词后面，表示动作，一般不延续。 Mary got divorced in 2015， and she had been married to Tom for 8 years by then． 玛丽在2015年离婚，那时她嫁给汤姆已有8年的时间了。 (2)这种系表结构和被动结构相同。但动词－ed形式作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示主语所承受的动作。 The school gate is shut by an old man at 6 pm every day． (被动语态，表示动作) 每天下午6点由一位老人来关学校大门。 He feels relaxed as everything is settled． (系表结构，动词－ed形式作表语，表示状态) 他感到很轻松，因为一切都安排好了。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 55 动词－ed形式作表语时，相当于形容词，常见的有：delighted， disappointed， discouraged， amused， astonished， interested， crowded， tired， satisfied， pleased， surprised， worried， excited， married， puzzled等。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 56 (1)单句语法填空 ①For those with family members far away， the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect)． ②The nurse has been ________ (marry) to Li Qian for two years． ③The news is interesting and I'm ________ (excite) about it． ④In February， thousands of holidaymakers remained ________ (stick) abroad due to extreme weather conditions． connected married excited stuck 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 57 (2)单句写作 ①我们是如此无聊，以至于忍不住打起了哈欠。 We ________________ we couldn't help yawning． ②吉姆为他对老师所说的话感到羞愧。 Jim ______________ what he said to his teacher． were so bored that was ashamed of 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 58 3．动词－ed形式作宾语补足语 (1)动词－ed形式作宾语补足语既可表示被动，又可表示完成；宾语通常是动词－ed形式所表示的动作的承受者。 When we got to school， we saw the door locked． 当我们到学校时，我们看到门被锁上了。 (2)常见的动词－ed形式作宾语补足语的情况： ①动词－ed形式用于feel， hear， notice， see， smell， observe等感官动词后作宾语补足语。 He didn't notice his wallet stolen． 他没有注意到他的钱包被偷了。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 59 ②动词－ed形式用于get， have， make， keep， leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。 They are going to have the entrance hall painted white． 他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色的。 ③动词－ed形式用于with复合结构作宾语补足语。 With the task finished， he went home happily． 任务完成后，他高兴地回家了。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 60 (1)单句语法填空 ①The old man had his foot ________ (injure) in the fall． ②The boy was crying with the toy ________ (break)． ③We covered him with a blanket， only leaving his eyes ________ (expose)． injured broken exposed 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 61 (2)单句写作 ①从非洲完成了两年的医疗服务回来后，李医生很高兴看到他母亲在家受到很好的照顾。 Back from his two－year medical service in Africa， Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother ________________ at home． ②外面的景色看起来很漂亮，一切都被雪覆盖着。 The outside sight looks beautiful with ____________________ snow． ③昨天晚上我的自行车被偷了。 I had/got ______________ last night． ④看到许多新产品经过努力后被开发出来，经理感到很满意。 The manager was satisfied to see many ____________________ after great effort． taken good care of everything covered with my bike stolen new products developed 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 62 4．动词－ed形式作状语 (1)动词－ed形式作状语时，用来修饰谓语，说明动作发生的情况或背景。该分词短语相当于一个状语从句；动词－ed形式可用来作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语。 United， we stand; divided， we fall． (作条件状语) [谚语]团结则存，分裂则亡。 Seriously injured， the soldier was taken to the hospital immediately．(作原因状语) 由于伤势严重，这名战士被立即送往医院。 The professor went into the lab， followed by his students．(作伴随状语) 教授走进实验室，后面跟着他的学生。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 63 When heated， water can change into steam．(作时间状语) 当加热时，水能变成蒸汽。 Although exhausted after a long journey， she continued to work．(作让步状语) 虽然长途旅行后很疲惫，她仍旧继续工作。 状语从句改成动词－ed形式(短语)作状语时，有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋动词－ed形式”结构作状语。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 64 (2)动词－ed形式作状语与动词－ing形式作状语的区别 动词－ed形式作状语同动词－ing形式作状语一样，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语；但不同的是，动词－ed形式与主语之间是被动关系，而动词－ing形式与主语之间则是主动关系。 Greatly frightened， the man ran into a back room． 那人吓坏了，跑进里屋去了。 Turning around， she saw her husband and calmed down． 转过身来，她看到了丈夫，才镇静下来。 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 65 (1)单句语法填空 ①Much time ______ (spend) sitting at a desk， office workers are generally troubled by health problems． ②________ (absorb) in painting， John didn't notice evening approaching． ③Little Tom sat ________ (amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him． ④______ (bear) in a poor family， Nadia had only two years of schooling． spent Absorbed amazed Born 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 66 (2)句型转换 ①When the park is seen from the hill， the park looks more beautiful． →_________________， the park looks more beautiful． ②Though they were beaten by the opposite team， the players were not discouraged and practised even harder． →________________________， the players were not discouraged and practised even harder． Seen from the hill Beaten by the opposite team 课时语法精讲——动词－ed形式 67 课堂效果检测(二) Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．_______ (shock) at the terrible working conditions， we decided to quit the job． 2．Have you noticed classical music usually ________ (play) by TV commercials for luxury cars? 3．The buildings ________ (destroy) in the earthquake are being rebuilt now． 4．The old man looked very pleased to see his apartment beautifully __________ (decorate)． 5．I'll get these dishes ________ (wash) and then I'll come． Shocked played destroyed decorated washed 课堂效果检测(二) 69 6．___________ (recognize) as a man of many talents， the young man has a promising future． 7．I would like this matter ________ (settle) immediately． 8．We must have our windows ________ (repair) before winter comes， or we’ll freeze． 9．With the homework ________ (finish)， he was allowed to watch the football match． 10．_____ (lose) in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him． Recognized settled repaired finished Lost 课堂效果检测(二) 70 Ⅱ．单句写作 1．It carries articles ______________________ (由外国朋友写的) about the cultures of their home countries． 2．____________________ (如果你对它感兴趣)， let me know and I'll send you more information． 3．____________________ (如果一直执行)， it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress． 4．________________ (与……比较起来) controlled release， wild release has its own advantages． written by foreign friends If you are interested in it Carried out continuously Compared with/to 课堂效果检测(二) 71 5．______________________ (为了解决这个问题)， I'd like to set up a rule that the whole class work in groups to give lessons once in a while． 6．Where _______________ (关于工作)， I am determined to become a film－maker． 7．The flight ____________________ (由于暴风雨延迟了) is for Xiamen． 8．_________ (如果要求) to look after luggage for someone else， inform the police at once． 9．_____________ (一旦形成)， a bad habit is hard to kick． 10．The question still ________________ (未解决)． To get this problem solved work is concerned delayed by the storm If asked Once formed remains unsettled 课堂效果检测(二) 72 课后课时作业（三） Ⅰ　完形填空 Sam， the four－legged superhero， works to keep a park in Santiago clean． The dog's superpower? Collect garbage as a __1__ for visitors． Sam， who takes regular __2__ in Santiago's park with his owner Gonzalo Chiang， has become a(n) __3__， wearing a green cape (斗篷) in a comic (连环画) used as an educational guide． It __4__ when Sam and his owner had to stop again and again in the city's largest green area to __5__ plastic bottles， cans and food packages．“On Sam's walks， we began to find a lot of __6__，” Chiang said．“From there， the need to come prepared to take away the garbage that we found on each visit became __7__． The walk is a good opportunity to __8__， rather than litter，” Chiang said． 课后课时作业（三） 74 Park officials were impressed and decided to use Sam's __9__ in its park care campaign． Catalina Aravena turned Sam into a cartoon in Sam: The Parquemet Superhero， __10__ visitors to take their waste with them or use __11__ points along the path．“This became much more __12__ than expected，” Aravena said．“It reached different schools and has spread very well on social media．” The __13__ launched anti－litter campaigns last year urging drink vendors (摊主) to switch from plastic to glass cups and started __14__ garbage into separate bins． 课后课时作业（三） 75 “Sam and Gonzalo have __15__ us to accelerate this education process and structure this garbage classification，” said Eduardo Villalobos， the park's acting director． 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只叫Sam (萨姆)的狗帮助圣地亚哥的公园推行了垃圾教育和垃圾分类。 课后课时作业（三） 76 1．A．resident B．instructor C．role D．model 答案： D　resident “居民”；instructor “教练，导师”；role “角色”；model “模范，典型”。根据下文“in a comic (连环画) used as an educational guide”可知，它被放在了一部教育指南漫画中，由此可推知，它收集垃圾为游客们树立了榜样。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 77 2．A．vacations B．walks C．breaks D．hikes 答案： B　根据下文“On Sam's walks”可知，此处指Sam经常在圣地亚哥的公园里散步。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 78 3．A．celebrity B．helper C．hit D．actor 答案： C　句意：萨姆经常和它的主人Gonzalo Chiang (冈萨罗·江)一起在圣地亚哥的公园里散步，它变得非常受欢迎，在一部用作教育指南的漫画中穿着绿色斗篷。celebrity “名人”；helper “助手”；hit “很受欢迎的人(或事物)”；actor “演员”。故选C。 课后课时作业（三） 79 4．A．started B．failed C．happened D．continued 答案： A　根据下文“when Sam and his owner had to stop ... food packages”可知，他们在散步的过程中不得不捡很多垃圾，于是Sam就开始成为受欢迎的狗，被用在漫画上。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 80 5．A．set aside B．pay for C．put away D．pick up 答案： D　句意：事情开始于萨姆和它的主人不得不在城市最大的绿地里一次又一次地停下来捡塑料瓶、罐头和食品包装。set aside “把……放到一旁(或搁到一边)”；pay for “为……付钱”；put away “收起”；pick up “捡起”。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 81 6．A．grass B．people C．garbage D．equipment 答案： C　根据上文“Collect garbage”可知，此处指发现了很多垃圾。故选C。 课后课时作业（三） 82 7．A．reliable B．flexible C．severe D．obvious 答案： D　reliable “可信赖的”；flexible “灵活的”；severe “十分严重的”；obvious “明显的”。根据上文“On Sam's walks， we began to find a lot of __6__”可知，散步的时候发现很多垃圾，此处指明显需要准备带走这些垃圾。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 83 8．A．clean B．explore C．think D．behave 答案： A　clean “清洁，打扫”；explore “探索”；think “认为”；behave “表现”。根据下文“rather than litter”可知，此处指打扫清洁。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 84 9．A．identity B．ability C．image D．popularity 答案： C　identity “身份”；ability “能力”；image “形象，图像”；popularity “受欢迎”。根据下文“Catalina Aravena turned Sam into a cartoon”可知，把Sam放进了漫画中，即利用Sam的形象。故选C。 课后课时作业（三） 85 10．A．helping B．telling C．permitting D．threatening 答案： B　help “帮助”；tell “告诉”；permit “允许”；threaten “威胁”。根据下文“visitors to take their waste with them or use __11__ points along the path”可知，此处指用这个漫画告诉游客们不要随手乱扔垃圾。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 86 11．A．recycling B．parking C．washing D．observing 答案： A　recycle “回收”；park “停车”；wash “洗”；observe “观察”。根据下文“points along the path”可知，此处指沿途的回收点。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 87 12．A．interesting B．educational C．beneficial D．widespread 答案： D　interesting “有趣的”；educational “有教育意义的”；beneficial “有益的”；widespread “广泛流传的”。根据下文“It reached different schools and has spread very well on social media．”可知，此处指这个漫画比预期的传播更广泛。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 88 13．A．park B．school C．government D．market 答案： A　根据上文“Park officials were impressed ... park care campaign．”可知，此处指公园发起了这项运动。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 89 14．A．turning B．dividing C．sorting D．breaking 答案： C　句意：该公园去年发起了反垃圾运动，敦促饮料摊主将塑料杯改为玻璃杯，并开始将垃圾分类到单独的垃圾箱中。turn “(使)转动”；divide “(使)分开”；sort “把……分类”；break “打破”。故选C。 课后课时作业（三） 90 15．A．reminded B．inspired C．required D．persuaded 答案： B　remind “提醒”；inspire “激励，鼓舞”；require “要求”；persuade “说服”。根据上文“Park officials were impressed”并结合Sam的事迹可知，此处指Sam和主人的行为激励了公园做出行动。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 91 Ⅱ　阅读 A Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library， a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand． Each bike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride”—the name of the city's bike－share program． Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow． To rent a bike， you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station． Members can rent one of 1，200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota's largest city． People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work， to go out on business， or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths． 课后课时作业（三） 92 The rise of bike－share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving． Skyrocketing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets， pump air into flat tires， and hit the road． Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise， but switching from a car to a bike also reduces the amount of pollution in the air． Carbon dioxide， a greenhouse gas linked to climate change， is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a car's tailpipe． 课后课时作业（三） 93 Bike－share systems are found around the world in cities like London， Paris， Barcelona， and Melbourne， Australia． The largest program—with 70，000 bikes—is in Wuhan， China． To make roads friendlier to non－motorists， the US Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years． The money went toward building thousands of miles of on－street bike lanes and bike－ and pedestrian－only passages called greenways． 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市自行车共享项目及骑自行车的好处：锻炼身体的同时也减少了空气污染。 课后课时作业（三） 94 1．If one wants to use the bike， it's a must to ________． A．give away a bicycle B．know Nice Ride well C．pay the cost in advance D．get a membership card 答案： D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“To rent a bike， you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station．”可知，若想租用自行车，必须有会员卡。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 95 2．Which of the following can people do with the bikes? A．Earn a living． B．Enjoy bike ways． C．Compete in a race． D．Rent them out to others． 答案： B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work， to go out on business， or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths．”可知，人们可以用这些自行车享受自行车车道。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 96 3．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________． A．benefits of biking B．pollution caused by cars C．methods to use the bikes D．ways to reduce pollution 答案： A　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，本段主要介绍了骑自行车的好处：既能锻炼身体，又能减少空气污染。故选A。 课后课时作业（三） 97 4．The author's purpose in writing this text is to ________． A．spread bike－share programs B．seek advice for Nice Ride C．compare Nice Ride with libraries D．introduce the public bike system 答案： D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文由一个自行车共享项目引出话题，主要介绍了公共自行车体系。故选D。 课后课时作业（三） 98 B The trend towards larger cars is obvious in recent years． Electric SUVs (越野车) have also been growing in popularity， representing roughly 35 percent of electric car sales in 2022， according to the latest figures released by the International Energy Agency． But although electrification of the global vehicle brings climate benefits， there is also cause for concern． 课后课时作业（三） 99 Electric SUVs are still greener than the petrol (汽油) ones， but their size and weight removes some of the climate gains． Their larger batteries require more raw minerals (矿物)， like cobalt and lithium， putting extra pressure on global supplies． “New policies to encourage people to choose smaller electric vehicles (EV) may be needed， such as increasing taxes for Electric SUVs． We could reduce hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) overtime．” says Christian Brand at the University of Oxford． 课后课时作业（三） 100 Air pollution is another worry． In poorer countries like India， electric vehicles will lead to significant improvements in urban air quality． But in richer countries， where petrol cars tend to be cleaner， the situation isn't so clear． “The benefit of moving to an electric vehicle， from a certain point of view， is actually pretty small，” says Frank Kelly at Imperial College London． And since electric vehicles still produce pollution from their tires， brakes and road wear， air pollution won't fully go away． “We're still going to have a pretty big problem in our cities，” says Kelly． 课后课时作业（三） 101 As such， governments must do more to reduce car dependency， particularly in urban areas． Clean public transport is the solution to our air pollution problem in urban areas． We should be reducing the number of all private vehicles as much as possible， not celebrating the increased figures． 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了虽然电动汽车带来了一些气候效益，但依然有让人担忧的方面，并提出最现实的方法就是减少私家车数量。 课后课时作业（三） 102 5．What can we learn about the Electric SUVs? A．They greatly improve air quality． B．They are not as green as expected． C．They will not become globally popular． D．They sold better than petrol ones in 2022． 答案： B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Electric SUVs are still greener ... the climate gains．”和第三段中的“And since electric vehicles still produce ... won't fully go away．”可知，虽然电动越野车比汽油越野车更环保，但其尺寸和重量抵消了一些气候效益，而且仍然会产生污染，由此可推知，电动越野车并没有预想的那么环保。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 103 6．What do Kelly's words suggest? A．The trend towards EVs is not clear． B．Petrol cars produce less air pollution． C．EVs may not have the desired effects． D．Petrol cars are cheaper in rich countries． 答案： C　推理判断题。根据第三段中Kelly (凯利)的话“The benefit of moving ... is actually pretty small”可知，Kelly认为在一定程度上电动汽车带来的好处并不大，由此可推知，电动汽车并没有达到想要的效果。故选C。 课后课时作业（三） 104 7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．Start an argument and call on action． B．Express concerns and suggest solutions． C．Introduce products and attract attention． D．Compare products and offer suggestions． 答案： B　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要阐释了电动汽车带来的气候效益及仍然存在的让人担忧的环保问题，并针对性地提出解决方案。故选B。 课后课时作业（三） 105 Ⅲ　语法填空 Mount Hua is famous for its breathtaking cliffs． __1__ has always been my dream to climb it． Finally I had the chance to make my dream come true． We got to the foot of Mount Hua at 9：40 pm． We started at about 10：00 pm， and it took us the whole night __2__ (climb) to the top． Ninety－five per cent of climbers were campus students． The whole atmosphere was like we were from one campus， participating __3__ a large PE class． 课后课时作业（三） 106 We got to the North Peak first． It is the only way to reach the East Peak in order to watch the sunrise． It was about 4：40 am __4__ we reached the East Peak． There was still another hour __5__ (remain) until sunrise． The time passed __6__ (quick) as we chatted and imagined the great scene of sunrise while staying close to each other for comfort． The __7__ (east) sky reddened little by little．We all watched intently (专心地)， not __8__ (make) a sound． But unfortunately more and more clouds gathered． “It is cloudy，” someone said． “Although the sunrise on a cloudy day is not so amazing， it is still charming and attractive． The combination of clouds and sun __9__ (create) a totally different feeling． Look! The sun is like __10__ fireball in the claw of dragon．” 课后课时作业（三） 107 1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________ 6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了攀登华山看日出的经历。 课后课时作业（三） 108 1．It　考查代词。设空处it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语“to climb it”。故填It。 2．to climb　考查非谓语动词。此处为固定句型：It takes/took sb some time to do sth “做某事花费某人一些时间”，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语。故填to climb。 3．in　考查介词。participate in “参加”，为固定短语。故填in。 4．when　考查状语从句的引导词。句意：当我们到达东峰时，大约是凌晨4点40分。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。 5．remaining　考查非谓语动词。another hour与remain之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填remaining。 课后课时作业（三） 109 6．quickly　考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词passed。故填quickly。 7．eastern　考查词性转换。句意：东方的天空渐渐变红了。此处应用形容词修饰名词sky。故填eastern。 8．making　考查非谓语动词。make与其逻辑主语We为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填making。 9．creates　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语combination为单数。故填creates。 10．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个火球”，应用不定冠词，且fireball的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 课后课时作业（三） 110 课后课时作业（四） Ⅰ　阅读 A Life finds me on the Isle of Islay， Queen of the Hebrides． I am the warden (管理员) of The Oa Reserve， a 2，100－ hectare nature reserve and working farm owned by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds． It was always a dream of mine to live in Scotland． The friendly nature of the island communities， the landscape， beautiful coastlines and above all—the wildlife， the amazing wildlife． So， here I am: living and working on the west coast of Scotland in a dream job． But， things weren't always this way． 课后课时作业（四） 112 My school life never really amounted to much． I didn't go on to higher education and my early working life was sloppy (马虎的)， at best． Much of this was due to my disinterest in the work I was doing． I worked in factories， shops， warehouses and even a castle． I was always unsettled and uninspired． I never knew how to channel my interest and passion for nature into a paying job． Wildlife and nature had been part of my life since my youth． I remember my childhood with great fondness: I would read bird books， paint fact files for each species and get lost in the natural world． 课后课时作业（四） 113 In 2014， the opportunity I so badly needed finally appeared—a paid training with Durham Wildlife Trust． I was given all the basic skills and training for habitat control， wildlife surveys and ground management works． In October 2015， I became the reserve warden for the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT)， where I stayed for just under half a decade． As happy as I was， new opportunities dared me to dream even bigger． The time had come to take my next step， to continue to grow within my career． 课后课时作业（四） 114 So， this is where I am now: living in the middle of a nature reserve， with golden eagles， red deer and hen harriers as neighbors． I feel as if I'm the luckiest man alive． 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者喜欢与大自然相处，对于当下的管理员工作感到非常开心和满意。 课后课时作业（四） 115 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The friendly nature of the island communities ... the amazing wildlife．”可知，作者热爱苏格兰的许多事物，包括岛屿、风景等，但最吸引作者的是当地的野生生物。故选A。 1．What does the author like best about Scotland? A．Its wild species． B．Its beautiful shorelines． C．Its unique scenery． D．Its friendly communities． 课后课时作业（四） 116 答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I didn't go on to higher education ... in the work I was doing．”以及“I never knew ... a paying job．”可推知，作者对于早期工作并不感兴趣，因此内心非常不安定。故选D。 2．Why did the author feel unsettled in his early working life? A．He was not well paid． B．He changed jobs too often． C．He felt not as good as others． D．He showed little interest in the jobs． 课后课时作业（四） 117 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Wildlife and nature had been part of my life ... in the natural world．”可知，小时候，野生生物和大自然是作者生活中的一部分，并且作者喜欢阅读一些与大自然相关的书籍，由此可推知，作者从小就对大自然着迷。故选A。 3．What can be inferred about the author's childhood? A．He was fascinated by nature． B．He knew a lot about biology． C．He was forced to leave school early． D．He dreamed of living in Scotland． 课后课时作业（四） 118 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I am the warden (管理员) of The Oa Reserve”及最后一段“So， this is where I am now ... as if I'm the luckiest man alive．”可推知，作者对于现在在保护区从事的管理员工作感到非常满意。故选B。 4．What does the author think of his work at The Oa Reserve? A．Tiring． B．Satisfying． C．Uninspiring． D．Challenging． 课后课时作业（四） 119 B How do you deal with plastic bags from the supermarket? Throw them away or recycle them? How about eating them? The bags are no harmful to the environment．Humans and animals can safely eat them．Indian company EnviGreen has made a bag with natural materials．It looks and feels just like plastic， but can be broken down (分解) easily． Ashwath Hedge who set up the EnviGreen company spent four years doing experiments (实验) with 12 natural materials． They include potato， corn， vegetable oil and banana． He made the materials into liquid (液体) and used the liquid to make the bag． 课后课时作业（四） 120 Although the EnviGreen bag is more expensive than a common plastic bag， it has many advantages． According to the Wall Street Journal， it takes 1，000 years for common plastic bags to break down． But an EnviGreen bag can naturally break down in less than 180 days． It also breaks down in less than a day in water， and in less than a minute in boiling water． Hedge was happy to show it in his interview: he put an EnviGreen bag in water and ate it with a smile． 课后课时作业（四） 121 There are more that 15，000 tons of plastic waste in India every day． But only 9，000 tons are processed． In China， 3 billion plastic bags are used every day． Maybe the EnviGreen bag could be a solution (解决办法) to the world problem of plastic pollution． 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可以食用并迅速分解的环保袋的发明过程，它可以帮助我们解决塑料污染的问题。 课后课时作业（四） 122 答案： D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The bags are no harmful to the environment．”可知，这种环保袋对环境没有伤害。故选D。 5．According to Paragraph 2， which of the following is not mentioned? A．The EnviGreen bag can break down easily． B．The EnviGreen bag is made from natural materials． C．The EnviGreen bag can be eaten by humans and animals． D．The EnviGreen bag is a little bit harmful to the environment． 课后课时作业（四） 123 答案： B　段落大意题。第三段介绍了Hedge (赫奇)花了4年时间，做了无数的实验，用12种可以食用的自然材料做成了这种环保袋。即本段主要介绍了环保袋的制作过程。故选B。 6．The main idea of the third paragraph is “________”． A．What Hedge thinks of the new bag B．How Hedge makes the EnviGreen bag C．Who sets up the EnviGreen company D．How long it takes Hedge to make the bag 课后课时作业（四） 124 答案： C　细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“It also breaks down in less than a day in water， and in less than a minute in boiling water．”可知，这种环保袋在水里一天内可以分解，在沸腾的水里1分钟内就可以分解。即这种环保袋在沸腾的水里分解得最快。故选C。 7．The EnviGreen bag breaks down fastest in ________． A．hot air B．cold water C．boiling water D．natural air 课后课时作业（四） 125 答案： A　推理判断题。画线句提到Hedge把这种环保袋放入水里并笑着把它吃掉，表明这种环保袋是安全并且易分解的。故选A。 8．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 shows that the EnviGreen bag ____． A．is safe and can break down quickly B．is useful although it is more expensive C．looks and feels like a common plastic bag D．will be used more widely than a common bag 课后课时作业（四） 126 Ⅱ　七选五 How to Celebrate Earth Day Are you looking for ways to celebrate Earth Day on April 22? You've come to the right place． If you're ready to learn more about joining the global celebration， making real change， and doing your part to save our planet， read on! Walk or ride your bike． __1__ Even one day can make a difference， but if you can commit (承诺) to walking or biking more often in the future， that's even better! If your daily commute (通勤) is too far for walking/biking， try public transportation like buses or trains． 课后课时作业（四） 127 Plant a tree． This simple act will benefit the environment for decades． Planting a tree only takes a few minutes， but it can make a huge impact． __2__ They help to save energy， clean pollution， and provide homes for many birds， insects， and other local wildlife． Attend a local Earth Day event． __3__ If your community doesn't have one planned， consider starting one yourself． It's the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the earth． Visit a local farmer's market． Eating locally grown food is much better for the environment． For example， locally－grown food doesn't have to be transported long distances to end up on grocery store shelves． __4__ 课后课时作业（四） 128 Commit to one green act per day． You can keep reducing your carbon footprint once Earth Day is over． __5__ While small changes at the individual level may not seem like a big deal， they add up over time and can have a major impact． Moving forward， make it your goal to do one small thing every day to support the environment． A．Earth Day can be every day! B．Trees are extremely important． C．Trees need extra care to grow well． 课后课时作业（四） 129 D．Get out there and appreciate our beautiful world． E．Going car－free for the day will reduce harmful gases． F．See if your community is holding an environmental fair． G．You'll also be giving back to your community by supporting local farmers． 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以更好地庆祝地球日。 课后课时作业（四） 130 1．E　根据设空后“Even one day can make a difference ... like buses or trains．”可知，设空后主要讲述尽量不要开车，多选择步行或骑自行车。E项(一天不开车会减少有害气体。)与后文内容一致，解释了为什么多选择步行或骑自行车。故选E。 2．B　根据段首中心句“Plant a tree．”及设空后“They help to save energy ... other local wildlife．”可知，植树的好处很多。B项(树木非常重要。)是对后文内容的概括；且后文中的“They”指代B项中的“Trees”。故选B。 3．F　根据设空后“If your community ... one yourself．”可知，设空处和“社区是否有这样的计划”有关。F项(看看你的社区是否正在举办环境博览会。)引出后文。故选F。 课后课时作业（四） 131 4．G　根据设空前“Visit a local farmer's market ... grocery store shelves．”可知，此处建议在当地农贸市场购买当地产的食物。G项(你也可以通过支持当地农民来回馈社区。)承接前文。故选G。 5．A　根据设空前“Commit to one green act ... is over．”可知，作者认为，为了减少碳足迹，我们可以每一天都做一件环保的事情。A项(地球日可以是每一天！)承接前文。故选A。 课后课时作业（四） 132 Ⅲ　应用文写作 假如你是校学生会主席李华，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份倡议书： 1．保护环境是我们的职责； 2．我们要养成环保的习惯(例如绿色出行，不乱扔垃圾等)； 3．发出环保的号召。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 课后课时作业（四） 133 ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 课后课时作业（四） 134 [精彩范文] Dear friends， As we can see， the environment around us is getting worse and worse．How will the earth be if we don‘t make every effort to change the situation? Protecting the environment is our responsibility and it’s high time we should set about doing something． 课后课时作业（四） 135 Here are some tips for us to develop some positive habits． Initially， we suggest everyone go to school on foot or by bike． Using public transportation can also be a practical alternative． Besides， we are against throwing waste everywhere． It's rubbish bins that the waste should be put into． Above all， we are supposed to raise our environmental awareness． Small actions such as saving water can make a great difference to our earth． My friends， what I say doesn't count， it's our attitude and what we do that matters． If not here， where? If not now， when? If not us， who? I'm fully convinced that our joint effort will pay off in the long run． Thank you! Student Union 课后课时作业（四） 136 R 【课文三维剖析】 【课文全译文】 　　说明：带方框符号的是连词；下划横线是从句；下划波浪线是非谓语；双下划线是特殊结构 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD 　　People in Amsterdam ①have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years． The idea began about 50 years ago， and was first known as “white bikes”． Amsterdam is a good city for cycling ②eq \x(because) it's flat and therefore convenient for bikes． There are also plenty of places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path． Because of its convenience for bicycles， Amsterdam ③has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike． Some people even call Amsterdam “the City of Bicycles”． ①have been enjoying现在完成进行时 ②because引导原因状语从句 ③has become现在完成时 “白色自行车”在路上 多年来阿姆斯特丹的居民一直享受着骑自行车的益处。这源于大约50年前，最初被称为“白色自行车”的想法。阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市，它地势平坦方便骑行。也有很多地方可以停放自行车，市中心的大多数街道都有自行车道。由于为骑行提供便利，阿姆斯特丹非常受骑行者的欢迎——有高达38%的出行使用自行车。有些人甚至称阿姆斯特丹为“自行车之城”。 Where did the idea of “white bikes” come from? In the 1960s， a group of cycling fans came up with an idea． They believed ④eq \x(that) it would be better for everybody ⑤eq \x(if) cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were． They were hopeful that this would help to save energy， reduce pollution and provide free public transport． The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use． Anyone was allowed ⑥to take them and use them for short journeys． People would leave the bike in the place ⑦eq \x(where) they finished their journey， ⑧eq \x(so that) someone else could then take it and use it from there． Soon after， however， problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks！ “白色自行车”的概念来自哪里呢？20世纪60年代，一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。他们认为，如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车，这会让所有人都受益。他们希望这样能够节约能源，减少污染并提供免费的公共交通。这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地方供人们使用。任何人都能够骑这些自行车做短途出行。 ④that引导宾语从句 ⑤if引导条件状语从句 ⑥to take them and use them动词不定式短语作主语补足语 ⑦where引导定语从句 ⑧so that引导目的状语从句 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。然而不久就出了问题，“白色自行车”全都消失了，小偷在几周内偷光了所有的车！ In 1999， the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move! ⑨To take a bicycle， you had to put in a special card． The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours． The bikes were parked at special parking places． Thus people ⑩eq \x(who) wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination and leave them there． ⑨To take a bicycle动词不定式短语作目的状语 ⑩who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people 1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹，这次车安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！要使用自行车，必须插入专用的卡片。新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。自行车要停放在专用的停车场。因此，使用者到达目的地之后，必须将自行车停放到附近的专用停车场。 Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people， like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those ⑪eq \x(who) enabled the return of “white bikes”， you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam． ⑪who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those Nowadays， the idea of “white bikes” ⑫has pedalled its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike－sharing． ⑫has pedalled现在完成时 由于这个提议以及众多人的努力，如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 如今，“白色自行车”的概念已经在世界范围内广泛传播，全球的共享单车也在增加。 In China， more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes． Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes ⑬eq \x(because) bike－sharing is a cheap and easy way ⑭to save energy， reduce air and noise pollution， and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities． However， problems can also develop， like the theft of bikes and parking issues． Fortunately， people are trying different ways of ⑮solving those problems． Where will bike－sharing go in China? You decide． ⑬because引导原因状语从句 ⑭to save energy动词不定式短语作后置定语 ⑮solving those problems动名词短语作宾语 在中国，越来越多的城市拥有了自己的“白色自行车”计划。本地人和游客都喜欢骑共享单车，因为共享单车方便又便宜，可以节省能源、减少空气和噪音污染，使人享受在城市里运动的益处。然而，问题也随之而来，例如自行车被盗和停放问题。幸运的是，人们正在尝试不同的方法来解决这些问题。在中国，共享单车未来会走向何方？这由你来决定。 $$