2025届广东省深圳高级中学高三下学期英语学科测试（一）试卷

第 1 页，共 10 页 深圳高级中学（集团）25 届高三第二学期英语学科测试（一） 满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟 命题人：高三英语备课组 审题人：高三英语备课组 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A • What are geysers? Geysers are types of hot springs which periodically shoot a column of steaming water high into the air. They occur in areas of volcanic activity where hot lava is found close to the Earth’s surface. The name comes from the Icelandic verb geysa, to gush. • How do geysers work? Geysers only form under very specific conditions. There must be ample groundwater; an underground heat source; and a ‘plumbing system’ made up of reservoirs and vertical passages or ‘pipes’ through which heated water travels on its way to the Earth’s surface. Cool water on the Earth’s surface trickles down through porous (多孔渗水的) rock. As it approaches the heat source (hot rocks or a magma chamber) it is heated to extremely high temperatures and starts to rise through a “pipe”. The water would usually turn to steam but its depth, plus the weight of cooler water above it, creates what is called a confining pressure that prevents the superheated water from boiling and turning to steam. As the water rises this pressure lessens and steam finally forms and is trapped in the reservoir. Over time the pressure in the reservoir continues to build until the steam forces the water upwards through the passage to the surface of the Earth, where it erupts through a vent in a spectacular column of steaming water. 第 2 页，共 10 页 • Where are geysers found? Geysers are rare, with only around 1,000 active worldwide. They occur in the United States (US), Russia, Chile, New Zealand and Iceland. Some erupt almost predictably in cycles of minutes, hours or days, and some have years between eruptions. The tallest active geyser in the world is Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park (US) which can shoot water more than 90 metres into the air. Unfortunately, it has only done so five times from 2003 to 2013. 21．The diagram helps to ________. A．give more detailed explanations of the terms in the text B．provide additional information through a graphic C．illustrate why geysers are unpredictable D．show the information in the text in a graphic form 22．What is the correct order of events as they occur in the formation of a geyser eruption? ①magma heats water ②steam pressure lifts water ③water collects in a reservoir ④groundwater penetrates rock⑤water rises in a pipe A．④①③⑤② B．④①⑤③② C．①⑤③④② D．⑤④③①② 23．Where does the passage probably come from? A．A science fiction. B．A research plan. C．An encyclopedia. D．A travel journal. B Gilbert White made extensive observations of the natural world in the 1770s. Rather than study dead specimens, as many “naturalists” before him, White observed plants and animals in their natural settings, making him one of the early ecologists in Britain. Because of the time at which he lived, he was not fully aware of certain phenomena such as bird migration, although he suspected such things occurred. Through his writing, many biologists were given an insight into the perception of the natural world before technological advancements. As a keen observer of birds, he distinguished between different species based on their songs, without using telescopes. White’s observations included seasonal data, such as bud-burst and flowering of common plants, which he recorded in The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne — a collection of letters to two great scientists of the time. This book has had more than 200 editions and is reputed to be — after the Bible, the works of Shakespeare and Pilgrim’s Progress — the fourth most published book in the English Language. It 第 3 页，共 10 页 was published in 1789 and since then has never been out of print. The book contains 110 letters spanning 20 years. In a letter, dated May 20, 1777, White discussed earthworms, stating: “Earthworms, though in appearance a small and insignificant link in the chain of nature, yet if lost, would trigger major ecological imbalance.” He also highlighted their role as promoters of vegetation, noting their activities like making holes in the soil, creating pathways, and producing beneficial waste through wormcasts (蚯蚓粪). It is quite remarkable that here, from writings of nearly 250 years ago, White refers to many activities of earthworms that we, as scientists and gardeners, now take for granted and continue to investigate in greater detail. 24．What made Gilbert White different from previous naturalists? A．His approach to studying nature. B．His choice of observational tools. C．His attitude to preserving species. D．His focus on controlled environments. 25．Why are the Bible and the works of Shakespeare mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To compare their historical significance. B．To suggest their influence on White’s book. C．To highlight the popularity of White’s book. D．To illustrate the connections between classics. 26．What role do earthworms play in nature, according to Gilbert White? A．They improve soil health. B．They control insect populations. C．They’re too small to impact plants. D．They’re insignificant to ecosystems. 27．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．White could have investigated in greater detail. B．White’s work is great enough to be referenced. C．White linked his observations to practical uses. D．White’s insights are still new to scientists now. C There have been concerns that video games might damage our mental and physical well-being. Recently, more researches have revealed these worries are largely unfounded. Nevertheless, there exists a deep-seated idea that playing them rots your brain — it’s easy to view them as an unproductive waste of time. But in reality, is the opposite the case? 第 4 页，共 10 页 For years, “brain-training” games and apps have been convinced to be an effective way to boost our cognitive (认知的 ) abilities or intelligence, as it’s thought that by playing a series of quickfire puzzles focusing on things like memory or spatial awareness, over time our abilities in these areas will improve; theoretically, so will our general intelligence. From a research viewpoint, the key lies in whether playing these sorts of games results in “transfer” effects — “near” and “far” transfer effects: near effects relate to whether playing one memory game results in improvements in other memory games, whereas far effects relate to whether playing that game results in a general improvement in cognitive abilities. Some studies have pointed out brain-training games show weak near effects. As for far effects, there’s no convincing evidence this happens. However, things get interesting when brain-training games are compared with video games. In a 2015 study comparing the brain-training game SmartP with the video game Mazix, researchers found SmartP players didn’t show boosts in problem-solving and spatial skills, but Mazix players did. More recently, in 2020, researchers in Sweden studied data from some 9,000 children and found that kids aged 9 or 10 who played video games for above-average amounts of time didn’t show any differences in intelligence compared with those playing less. Two years later, they discovered that by 12, the kids playing video games had 2.5 more IQ points than average. Why video games result in improvements in cognitive abilities over more targeted games isn’t clear. One argument is to do with the amount of time invested: whereas brain-training apps tend to deliver mini-games over a short time, video games have players engaged and require sustained levels of attention and problem-solving. Despite some promising findings, it’s currently unsafe to say that video games make us smarter. Meanwhile, video games can offer both advantages and risks, so it’s important to be cautious and avoid making quick judgments. 28．What do people usually think of brain-training games? A．They are a waste of time. B．They can improve our intelligence. C．They are easily accessible. D．They may enhance our concentration. 29．What do we know about Mazix players? A．They demonstrated signs of far effects. B．They had a great talent for video games. C．They exhibited boosts in gaming skills. D．They proved the importance of near effects. 第 5 页，共 10 页 30．What does the study in 2020 reveal? A．The limited effects of age on IQ points. B．The negative impacts of video games. C．The advantages of playing more games. D．The benefits of video games over time. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Do Brain-training Games Really Work? B．Video Games or Brain-training Games? C．Could Video Games Make Us Smarter? D．Should We Stop Playing Video Games? D A challenge of teaching mathematics rather than, say, history is that the homework is a lot harder to come up with. After all, “Was Henry VIII a good king?” is a reasonable question to ask either a classroom of nine-year-olds or a lecture theatre of postgraduates. But “Solve this quadratic equation (二次方程式)” would leave the classroom nonplussed and the lecture theatre unimpressed. Maths is learned by doing and designing a problem that is easy enough to be accessible, yet hard enough to be satisfying, is a big headache in itself. Partly for this reason, books that successfully communicate how mathematicians think, but are aimed at those not already in the field, are both valuable and rare. Now Sir David Spiegelhalter, professor of statistics at the University of Cambridge, has added to the category with The Art of Uncertainty. His new book will appeal to many more than just mathematicians, for its topic is universal: how to analyse chance, uncertainty and risk. If a new virus is running wild and the majority of deaths are among those who have received a newer vaccine (疫苗), is that evidence that the vaccination program is harmful? How much of top football teams’ performance comes down to luck rather than skill? Professor Spiegelhalter’s exploration of such questions is delightful. First, he uses them to illustrate broader ideas about how probability and statistics work. So a discussion of vaccine safety proceeds to Bayes’s theorem, a procedure for improving one’s judgment of probabilities as new evidence comes to light. The joy of Professor Spiegelhalter’s approach is that he reaches this deep truth through nothing more than some intuitive (直觉的) assumptions and very simple maths. Most important, though, is Professor Spiegelhalter’s skill at communicating these ideas. Much 第 6 页，共 10 页 of probability and statistics can go against our intuition, and the maths behind it is often fearsome. But this is not a difficult book to read or understand. 32．What does the underlined word “nonplussed” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Impressed. B．Confused. C．Inspired. D．Amused. 33．What is the biggest selling point of The Art of Uncertainty according to the author? A．It casts light on math thoughts. B．It covers various topics. C．It makes sense to ordinary people. D．It satisfies maths professionals. 34．Why does the author mention Bayes’s theorem in paragraph 3? A．To prove the reliability of intuition. B．To reveal the book’s academic nature. C．To underline the deep truth of judgement. D．To demonstrate Spiegelhalter’s writing approach. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．Amaster of math teaching. B．A book on intuitive assumptions. C．A discussion of risk management. D．A guide to understanding probability. 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Socrates, the renowned ancient Greek philosopher, famously stated, “The unexamined life is not worth living.” 36 He believed true wisdom and personal growth couldn’t be achieved in an unexamined life. The Socratic Method, named after Socrates himself, is a form of cooperative dialogue where one asks a series of open-ended questions to guide another toward insight and understanding. For example, imagine a teacher discussing moralities with students. The teacher may not explain what is “right” or “wrong”. 37 And follow up with questions like, “Why do we consider some actions fair and others unfair?” Through this questioning, students are led to think more critically and examine their own values and assumptions rather than just accepting the predetermined answers. 第 7 页，共 10 页 38 When you ask yourself, for instance, “Why do you believe this?” or “What evidence supports your thinking?”, you are encouraged to consider whether your beliefs are truly your own or influenced by external factors. This process of questioning leads to self-reflection, helping individuals better understand the underlying motivations behind their thoughts and actions. Self-reflection is like hitting the pause button on life. 39 And it also looks closely at your own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. An unexamined life, however, is one where people go through the motions without ever questioning. Living an unexamined life is similar to coasting on automatic pilot, where one simply accepts social standards without critically evaluating them. In this kind of life, you’re swept along by society’s expectations. 40 It seems as if you’re living someone else’s script without ever writing your own. A．It gives you a moment to step back. B．You are barely aware of your own desires. C．So they can follow a “right” or “fair” action. D．You are always stuck in your own ceaseless work. E．The Socratic Method is a powerful tool for self-examination. F．Instead, he or she might ask “What does it mean to act morally?” G．This powerful declaration serves as a call to dig deeper into one’s own thoughts. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空 （共 15 小题; 每小题 1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) 41 campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year. Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 42 the city’s historic center will face 43 starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for 44 words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better 45 the phenomenon. Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards(乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and 46 anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment places will be 47 for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone 第 8 页，共 10 页 48 beyond designated(指定的 ) control places without the required documentation will be 49 to fines. These will 50 from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros. An exemption voucher(免除凭证) will be 51 to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and 52 of the region. Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on 53 days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents. The advertising video, 54 Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a 55 . 41．A．advertising B．recycling C．welcoming D．marketing 42．A．decorate B．enter C．evaluate D．promote 43．A．compensations B．rewards C．pays D．fines 44．A．harder B．softer C．plainer D．smarter 45．A．acknowledge B．interpret C．highlight D．manage 46．A．trace B．monitor C．help D．identify 47．A．torn down B．moved away C．set up D．taken over 48．A．found B．left C．thought D．sent 49．A．subject B．forced C．ready D．applied 50．A．distinguish B．arise C．range D．suffer 51．A．made B．issued C．printed D．collected 52．A．students B．workers C．stewards D．residents 53．A．clear B．peak C．gloomy D．ordinary 54．A．presenting B．catching C．anticipating D．opposing 55．A．strike B．kick C．hit D．beat 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An rebellious Chinese boy who battles dragons and challenges destiny has made his way to Western cinema screens after smashing box office records in China. It dwarfs the previous record held by “Star Wars: The Force Awakens,” which 56 (net) $936 million in the United States and Canada in 2015. The Chinese production is the first non-Hollywood film 57 (break) into the all-time global top 10 of highest-grossing films. 第 9 页，共 10 页 “Ne Zha 2,” an animated blockbuster based 58 (loose) on Chinese mythology, is a follow-up to 59 had been the highest-grossing animated film in China. In the 2019 60 (origin), Nezha, born as the reincarnation(再生) of a demon with supernatural powers but destined to live only three years, challenges the political order and authority governing gods and demons. The phenomenal success of “Ne Zha 2” has sparked a wave of national pride and rapturous joy, 61 audiences, state media and officials rushing to celebrate the landmark achievement. For decades, China’s movie market had been dominated by Hollywood blockbusters. But in recent years, homegrown titles – in genres from action and sci-fi to romance and animation – have outpaced Western films, 62 shift fueled by rising cultural pride, more sophisticated storytelling and rapid 63 (technology) progress. Animation rooted in traditional Chinese folklore, 64 (enhance) with state-of-the-art special effects, has proven to be a 65 (win) recipe. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分） 假如你是高三学生李华，学校最近要接待一批外国学生，正在招募陪同解说员，给外国 学生介绍学校的体育馆、艺术中心和食堂，每个场所需要一个陪同解说员。请选择其中一个 场所应聘解说，写一份解说稿，你的文章必须包括： （1）你所选场所的名称及其特点； （2）你的同学最喜欢这个场所的哪些方面及其原因。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hello friends! I'm Li Hua, your guide. 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 第 10 页，共 10 页 “Our class recycling project will start next week. You can choose to do it alone or in pairs,” Mr. Lee, the science teacher, announced. “Your goal is to design a recycling corner that will increase recycling rates in our classroom. The best idea will be adopted in the school.” The classroom erupted into enthusiastic chatter as students paired up and began their discussions. Being a nature and animal lover, Lucy’s dream was big. She imagined birds and fish thriving (茁壮成长 ) in a plastic-free environment, inspired by her hours spent observing wildlife at her favorite lake. “The first step towards a plastic-free habitat is fostering a recycling habit,” she thought. “I’m sure I can come up with a brilliant idea for the project!” Her daydreaming was interrupted by a light tap from her best friend, Max. “Do you still have that book on recycling? I’m sure there are many helpful tips that we could use for this project. Shall we work on this together?” Max inquired expectantly. Lucy recalled having read the library book the previous night and placing it on her bedside table. “Um...” she hesitated, “I returned it this morning... and I’m thinking of working on this project alone.” “Oh, I see,” Max walked away, disappointed. The next day, Lucy started working on her project, a smart dustbin. Yes, she had a unique concept for the recycling bin but she struggled to construct it. The design required a standard of workmanship that was simply beyond her capability. Frustrated, she went for a walk downstairs. “Lucy?” she heard a familiar voice and looked up, surprised to find Max standing there. He had never witnessed her looking so disheartened before; she was walking heavily along with a discouraged expression, sighing deeply. Concerned, he called out to her. “What happened?” he asked gently. Guilt-ridden, she admitted lying about the book and apologized sincerely. Max forgave her readily. “Well, if you need a partner, all you have to do is ask!” Max replied, smiling. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She did so, and then excitedly described her design concept of the recycling bin. ________________________________________________________________________________ Lucy and Max’s hard work paid off. ________________________________________________________________________________