高考真题2023年新课标I卷阅读理解A篇解题技巧说题课件-2025届高三英语二轮复习

2023年新课标Ⅰ卷 阅读理解A篇 1 命题立意与试题分析 01 2 命题依据 一核 ：立德树人、服务选才、引导教学 四层：核心价值、学科素养、关键能力、必备知识 四翼：基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性 特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节，或就文中的数字进行提问。 主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。 能力要求 3 考情分析 以应用文为主 A篇阅读 字数 300字以内 语篇类型 应用文 主题 人与社会为主 题材 广告、通知、说明书、指南等 考点 细节理解题为主，推理判断题为辅 设问定位 有标题或小标题，题文同序 应用文A篇的测试特征 根据3年高考真题分析，应用文的阅读理解命题测试主要： 1、考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力，即对特定细节的筛选、类比、综合 2、考查学生推理判断能力 3、考查的细节理解题基本为直接信息题，间接信息题，数字计算题。 Easy but not simple 试题分析 21. What is an advantage of MacBike? A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes. C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops 细节理解题 22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50 细节理解题 23. Where does the guided city tour start? A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge. C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square. 细节理解题 . 考点分析 解题思路 02 8 Bike Rental & Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. Prices Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 2023·新课标Ⅰ，A Step 1：快速浏览全文，了解文章大意和结构 Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. 21. What is an advantage of MacBike? A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes. C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops. 解析：理解具体信息，突出考查关键信息定位以及排除干扰信息的能力。根据Why MacBike部分的We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including ... and children’s bikes.可知，MacBike公司的一个优势在于它提供多种类型的自行车。 找同义句 Step 2：审题—准确定位（题文同序）—做题 22．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? Prices   Hand Brake，Three Gears Foot Brake，No Gears 1 hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 Each additional day €8.00 €6.00 [2]原文关键词＝题干关键词 [2]原文关键词＝题干关键词 关键数据 关键数据 关键信息 22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days ？ 设问方向：租一辆三挡、手刹的自行车两天的花费 A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50. [1]题干关键词:类别和时长 本题是理解文中具体信息题,要求考生根据文章计算出带手刹三挡的自行车日租金是多少，突出考查关键信息定位以及综合理解具体信息的能力。 第二列与题干中询问的类别一致：三挡、手刹。由倒数第二行的关键数据可知，租一天三档、手刹的自行车费用是€14.75；由最后一行的关键信息和数据可知，如果多租一天，交€8.00。合计推算€14.75＋€8.00＝€22.75。 仔细审题， 认真观察， 快速计算。 14.75+8=22.75 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online. 启程，出发 解析：细节理解题，突出考查定位关键信息的能力。根据Guided City Tours部分的The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.题干中的start 和原文depart属于同义词。可知，有导游解说的城市游览的起点是Dam Square。 23. Where does the guided city tour start? A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge. C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square. Step 2：审题—准确定位（题文同序）—做题 试题拓展和变式训练 03 14 Marine Science Camps （For campers aged between 8 and 14） What’s on at Clearwater Marine Aquarium（海洋水族馆） Camp 1 Learn and observe how we care for our animals. Participate in a camp Q &A period with a dolphin care team member while learning how we teach new behaviors. Camp 2 Set out on an adventure to discover the plants and animals that make up Florida’s coastal ecosystems and observe different ecosystems at a local nature park. Camp 3 Join this camp program where you can learn more about the daily operations of an aquarium. Camp 4 Do you have what it takes to become an ocean protector? Learn all about the major issues facing creatures in the ocean and what you can do to help protect our ocean’s future. Price $240/person/program Duration 5 days, running from 8:30 am to 11:30 am and 1:00 pm to 4:00 pm Other Information ·Camp gear packs（装备包）are available for sale at the check-in. ·Each camper will receive a camp shirt and a pair of shorts on the first day of the camp and is expected to wear them every day. ·Lunches must be bought for these days. ·Parents shouldn’t follow, attend, or volunteer in our camp programs. Refund（退款）Policy In the event of a cancellation, an 80% refund will be issued if the written cancellation request is received 15 days or more before the first day of the camp. Cancellations 14 to 5 days before the camp start will receive a refund of 50% of the total cost. Cancellations 4-0 days before the camp start won’t receive a refund. 1. In which camp can we learn about the protection of ocean creatures? A. Camp 1. B. Camp 2. C. Camp 3. D. Camp4. 2. What information can we get about the camp programs? A. Campers can bring lunches with them. B. They provide camp gear packs for free. C. Campers should wear the same clothing. D. They allow parents to be with campers. 3. How much refund will you receive if you cancel your order 20 days before the camp start? A. $240. B. $192. C. $120. D. $48. 备考建议 04 16 阅读理解A篇备考建议 1.精选语篇，拓宽阅读视野 选题体现高考选材原则，三大主题；立德树人、核心价值、表达地道、贴近生活 2.训练思维，提升语篇分析意识 1）文本特征 2）语篇结构 3）写作手法 4）语言特点 5）修辞手段 3.直击痛点，突破瓶颈问题 信息定位不准、词汇量不足、长难句理解不准、综合归纳能力不够、文 化常识欠缺 Thank you！ 2024年新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写 温情维也纳善良的司机 命题立意与试题分析 01 20 能力要求 该题型要求学生根据语篇线索理解语篇内容、分析语篇结构，并续写语篇内容的过程中，运用语言技能获取、梳理、整合语言知识，同时运用所学语言知识创造性的表达意义。 对语篇结构的把控能力 把握关键信息和语言特点的能力 创造性思维能力 续写原则： 解决问题原则 正能量原则 符合文章主题原则 语言运用的准确性和丰富性 21 原文出处 节选自https://budgettrraveller.org/meet-gunter-the-best-taxi-driver-in-vienna-austria/的文章 语篇类型 记叙文，语篇长度325词 主题语境 “人与社会”主题下“社会服务与人际沟通"主题群 语篇内容 文章讲述了“我”在出差途中与出租车司机解决车费的支付问题的故事。此题要求学生根据给定材料创造性地续写他们之间可能发生的故事，形式上具有灵活性，文章提示学生循着信任他人与遵守诺言的思路进行续写，引导学生培养诚语篇内容实守信的美好品德，在考查语言能力的同时突出考查创造性思维能力和培养社会主义核心价值观。 语篇结构 beginning(九月一个寒冷、潮湿的晚上，“我”计划飞往维也纳，再乘巴士去布拉格参加会议，但航班因大风暴延误了一个半小时。) development(飞机着陆后，距离最后一班巴士发车仅有30分钟。“我”飞速穿过机场，跳进第一辆出租车，与司机艰难沟通后乘车前往巴士站。) climax(“我”在仅剩两分钟时抵达巴士站，但发现钱包里没有现金，银行卡也无法在出租车的机器上使用。) solution(司机指向候车厅的自动取款机，“我”飞奔向取款机并尝试取钱，却遭遇取款机故障，“我”告知了司机这个坏消息。) ending(四天后，“我”如约回到维也纳，并拨通了司机的电话)。 试题整体分析 语篇分析 考生需要认真阅读所给文章以及所给的两段首句，理清文中涉及的人物、事件、时间、地点，故事情节等。同时根据自己对原文的理解和分析，完成两个段落的续写。最终形成一篇情节完整，主题积极向上的完整文章。倡导乐于助人，学习雷锋精神,引导学生树立正确的人生观和价值观 文章选题 文章选题符合《中国高考评价体系》立德树人的核心，也满足考察学生核心价值、学科素养、关键能力与必备知识。阅读难度适中，符合基础性、创新性、应用性与综合性的融合。 试题特点 该题体现情境创设的真实性和问题导向，引导学生思考解决办法，强调学用融合，任务设置注重以文化人，引导学生培养诚实守信的美好品德,试题考点明晰、重点突出盖面广，突出语篇的交际功试题特点能和语用功能。 考什么 为什么考 怎么考 从评价体系分析 从核心素养分析 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 在协商过程中，学生可以思考不同文化背景下人们对公平、诚信等价值观的理解，从而加深对不同文化的理解和尊重。 学生需要运用恰当的词汇来描述协商的过程、人物的情感和态度，以及车费支付问题的解决方案等，这体现了学生的词汇积累和运用能力。 学生需要在给定的文本基础上，发挥想象力，构思出新颖的情节和解决方案。这有助于培养学生的创造性思维能力。 完成读后续写任务需要学生自主阅读文本，理解故事的情节和主题，然后进行创作。这有助于提高学生的自主学习能力。 01 02 03 04 解题思路 02 25 续写三步走: 读--思--写 1 2 3 How do we complete the writing? 读－读懂材料(审题与阅读） 思－构思情节(布局与衔接/融合） 写－写出好文(语言和手法） 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Step1：读懂材料 （审题） I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn’t heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. “We made it,” he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: “Out of order. Sorry.” Step1：读懂材料（梳理故事线索） Step1：读懂材料 （六要素） I and Gunter a cold,wet and unforgettable evening in September Vienna(from the airport to the bus station) I had no cash and negotiated with the taxi driver to resolve the problem of the fare payment I had zero cash/bankcard couldn't be used/ a cash machine didn't help... ... Opening Build-up Climax Resolution Ending I flew to Vienna and then needed to take a bus from Vienna to Prague for a meeting. Because the plane was late.l had only 30 minutes to get to the bus station.so l took the first waiting taxi as fast as I could. I had no cash to pay the taxi fare after trying every possible means. I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ... Gunter agreed to help me. Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ... 梳理故事情节线和情感线 Step1：读懂材料 （审题与阅读） 情感发展线：“我”：紧张焦虑(下飞机时)→无助焦虑→感激(到达车站）→着急（无法支付车费) 司机Gunter: 困惑(语言不通）→积极(联系朋友)→开心(赶到车站)→耐心（等我处理支付问题) 情节发展线： Paragraph 1 段首句 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. 衔接句 情节句 情节句 段尾句 How did Gunter feel when he got the news? What would Gunter say and do? How was the problem settled? How to ensure the coherence with Para. 2? disappointed, sympathy and understanding. How did I feel? Did l leave the phone number to Gunter? He comforted me and asked me to cathch the bus. Grateful and touched. I promised to pay him back later when I was back in Vienna and Gunter trusted. me. 研读给定句，预设与衔接 Step 2：构思情节（问题导向法） Para2:Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. Paragraph 2 段首句 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. 衔接句 情节句 情节句 段尾句 What was Gunter’s reaction to my call? What happened after we met? How did I feel about the experience?(主题 ) He felt delighted but thought it was unbelievable. What did I say? How did Gunter respond? I kept my promise and handed him the fee . Gunter accepted it and I hugged him out of gratitude. unforgettable and meaningful 研读给定句，预设与衔接 Step 2：构思情节 招式1： 非谓语动词 常用句式： ① Doing..., ..... ② with + n + doing/done/to do ③ ..., doing... 1）“Sorry, I can’t take cash out.” I said embarrassedly, with my face burning. 2）Hearing my words, Gunter replied with the familiar smile on his face. Step3:写出好文 e.g.: 3） So surprised and moved was I that I couldn’t say a word out. 招式2：倒装句 so...that... ”如此......以至于......” 句型中，为了表示强调，可以将so的部分提至句首，后面接半倒装的句型。 Step3:写出好文 e.g.: 4）Gunter pointed toward it and said to me, “It is your turn.” 5）Realizing it was time to leave, I took out my notebook, asked Gunter’s number and wrote it down hurriedly. 招式3： 动作链（V1, V2 and V3) 将笼统的大动作拆解成具体的小动作，画面感十足 Step3:写出好文 eg. Suddenly, a warm current washed over me. 招式4：无灵主语 ① a flood of + （情绪类）n. seized/welled up/came/washed over sb. ② 无灵主语（表示时间、地点的名词）+有灵动词（see/witness） Step3:写出好文 招式5： 主旨升华常用句式：强调句 “知道那时我才意识到......”It was at that time that I realized that... It was at that time that I realized that a small kindness action could make such a big difference! 范文赏析 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. “Sorry, I can’t take cash out.” I said embarrassedly, with my face burning. Hearing my words, Gunter replied with the familiar smile on his face, “That’s OK, just go ahead, you can pay me at your convenience.” So surprised and moved was I that I couldn’t say a word out. As the bus queue became shorter, Gunter pointed toward it and said to me, “It is your turn.” Realizing it was time to leave, I took out my notebook, asked Gunter’s number and wrote it down hurriedly. At the same time, I promised firmly that I would call him and paid him back as soon as possible. 范文赏析 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, l called Gunter as promised. The moment Gunter picked up the phone, I couldn't wait to introduce myself. Gunter seemed to know I was going to call, and he said softly, "I know." We made an appointment to meet at the departure place. As we met the following day, I hugged him tightly like long-time-no-see old friends, and I expressed my great gratitude to him. I paid him back and offered an extra $10 tip, however, he refused the tip, only to accept the taxi fare, saying “It is not a big deal.” Suddenly, a warm current washed over me. It was at that time that I realized that a small kindness action could make such a big difference! ASSESSMENT End? Theme? Specific? Realistic? 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1. forget 忘记 vt→ adj. 难忘的2. fly 飞行 vt→ n. 飞行3. depart 离开 vi→ n. 离开4. think 认为 vt. →n. 思想5. pronounce 发音 vt. →n. 发音6. heat 加热 vt. →adj. 热烈的7. thankful 感激的 adj. →adv. 感激地8.enter 进入 vt. →n. 入口 二、高频短语积少成多 1. due to 2. touch down 3. get off 4. the moment 5. like crazy6. be about to do 7. fish out 8. roll into 9. make it10. pull out 三、改编成语法填空 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I 1 (plan) to fly Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran 2 crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. 四、长难句分析 1. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. 【翻译】下飞机的那一刻，我疯狂地穿过机场大楼，不假思索地跳上了第一辆出租车。 【分析】the moment是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就”。 试题二次开发 变式训练——话题变式 助人为乐类读后续写 （2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Rich Danieu, a man awaiting a heart transplant (移植), had to stay in Strong Hospital in Rochester, New York, since January. His days were filled with uncertainty, medical procedures, and a longing to be with his family. The slim hope of getting cured had almost driven Danieu’s mood down to the ground. He was close to giving up. What’s worse, he was frustrated at the thought of missing a crucial event: his 5-year-old daughter Mara’s school’s father-daughter dance. Shortly after Danieu’s arrival at the hospital, Mara had excitedly shared the news of her school’s upcoming father-daughter dance. She had been eagerly looking forward to her father’s participation. But Danieu’s illness had kept him away from his daughter’s joyous event. As the day of the dance drew near, Mara’s excitement began to be replaced by a deep sadness. “My daughter was a little upset, for I couldn’t go with her,” Danieu said to a nurse with a heavy heart. Mara’s grandfather stepped in to take her to the dance, hoping to make the evening special for her. They both got dressed up, arrived at the school hall, and even had a beautiful photo taken. However, for Mara, something was wrong, because she noticed everybody else was with their dads. Excitement gave way to disappointment. On their way home, Mara was walking silently, without saying a word, when her grandfather received a call from the hospital. The nurses at Strong Hospital had been closely following the family’s story. Having witnessed what Danieu was experiencing due to missing such a crucial moment in his daughter’s life, they decided to do something. They knew they couldn’t make a big change, but they could certainly create a moment of magic. On the night of the dance, with delicate care, they transformed an empty hospital room into a magical dance floor, complete with twinkling lights and soft music playing in the background. At the same time, Danieu lay in his hospital bed, a sense of disappointment at his heart. When he was gazing out the window, a nurse came in with a warm smile. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Led to the room, Danieu didn’t know what awaited him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ That special dance brought great strength and hope to Danieu. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 41 备考建议 03 42 三年考情 年份 试卷 语篇类型 主题语境 语篇内容 原文词数 2024 新课标I&Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 主人公急于赶巴士前往布拉格开会,却由于忘带现金、取款机故障等原因无法按时支付出租车费，主人公承诺返程时支付,并如期履约的故事。 325 2023 新高考I&Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 一名英语为第二语言的中学生在老师的鼓励下参加写作比赛,并通过努力取得优异成绩的故事。 324 2022 新课标I&Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会 身患疾病的 David在老师的鼓励下勇敢顽强地完成越野跑比赛的故事。 313 趋势与备考建议 01 倡导人与人之间的信任，注重人文关怀 02 体现教考衔接，回归教材语篇 03 重视学生文化素养和知识面的考查 04 重视学生主动学习和思考的能力 教学启示 突破策略 边缘生 优生 中等生 1.话题式复习，夯实学生基础； 2.逢错必改，背诵中积累。 1.建立续写素材语料库，模仿中升华； 2.多读名著、时文等原汁原味的素材； 3.强化非谓语、各大从句、强调句及固定句式的翻译训练。 重视文本解读，在语言风格与原文协同的前提下，实现表达多样化。 44 1.明确读后续写评分标准 2.将续写贯穿于整个复习过程，做到“润物细无声”(阅读，完形与续写的联动） 3.侧重微技能训练。（动作链、对话描写、情绪描写、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、with复合结构、无灵主语、环境描写和构思文章结尾等）。 4.引导学生注重积累。学生要有属于自己的作文素材积累本，将日常学习中有关续写的各类描写进行分类整理，经常诵读，达到学以致用。 5.利用高考真题进行续写训练 ①利用真题对学生进行审题分析，情节分析，主题分析，语言运用，段落间及语句间的过渡及衔接的针对性指导。 ②利用真题进行限时训练，完成在规定时间内审题构思成文的任务。 ③生生互批，师生面批（语言、内容、逻辑、书写）有效结合。 ④写作训练完成后的讲评和提升工作要跟上，可以进行微场景训练，二次写作等。 6.将续写按照话题进行分类（矛盾冲突、社会温暖，人间真爱、个人成长、表达亲情，建立友谊等） 7.严抓书写，书写必过关。良好的书写就是隐形的分数。 备考建议 Thank you True happiness comes from helping others. 真正的快乐来自于帮助他人 null 16143.583 $$