内容正文:
2025年春季学期沿河思源实验学校九年级周考试题英语听力。现在进行听力试音。Some people have a very poor sense of direction. Unluckily, I am one of them. I have visited a place many times, but I may still get lost there. The next time when I was a little girl, I never dare to ask strangers the way, so I used to walk round in circles and hope that by chance, I would get to the place I was going to. Now I am no longer too shy to ask people for directions, but I often receive helpless or even wrong information, so I try to avoid giving people wrong directions. If anyone asks me the way somewhere, I would say, sorry, i'm a stranger here. 试音结束5秒后将进入听力。第一节听对话,选择最佳相应图片读一遍。One, how are you going to be a doctor? I'm going to study medicine hard. too. Excuse me, can I help you? Yes, I want to buy a valley ball for my best friend. Three, drive carefully, maria, there is a school ahead. Sorry, I didn't see the sign. For is your daughter doing the dishes? Yes, he is. Five, wow, Emily, the leaves are still Green in these photos. Yes, these photos were taken in china last holiday. The leaves there are Green all year round. Six, excuse me, I can't see any balloons. Could you please tell me . where they are? Sure they're on the second floor. 第二节,听句子,选择最佳应答,读一遍。Seven, what do you think of the chinese oil paper umbrella? Eight, what does your english teacher look like? Nine, i'm afraid you can't smoke here, sir. Ten, oh, i'm not feeling well. I have a fever. Eleven, what do you often do in your spare time, Henry? Twelve, what does your mother do? 第三节,听对话,选择最佳选项,完成句子。读两遍。thirteen. Tom, whose book is that, is IT chains? No, IT must be careless. Carlier is looking for her book. Thirteen, tom, whose book is that is IT chains? No IT must be Carlos. Carlos is looking for her book. Fourteen, what's the name of the place that you have visited yesterday? It's called the summer palace. Fourteen, what's the name of the place that you have visited yesterday? It's called the summer palace. Fifteen, do you use the internet? Sunny. yes, I do. I have the online english speaking course on monday and wednesday. Fifteen, do you use the internet? Sunny. yes, I do. I have the online english speaking course on monday and wednesday. Sixteen, do you know who discovered tea? IT is said that IT was discovered by sHennan and IT was introduced to my country in the seventeen century. Sixteen, do you know who discovered t. IT is . said that I was discovered by sHennan, and IT was introduced to my country in the seventeen century. Seventeen, is your sister Younger than you? Mike. no, she's two years old than me. SHE is . sixteen. Seventeen, is your sister Younger than you? Mike. no, she's two years old than me. SHE is . sixteen. Eighteen, where did you go on winter vacation? I went to thailand. Next time I will visit britain to see big bang. Eighteen, where did you go on winter vacation? I went to thailand. Next time I will visit britain to see big bang. 第四节,听对话,根据对话内容及问题选择最佳选项,读两遍,听下面一段对话,回答第十九、20题。Kid, evening international hotel. What can I do for you? Yes, I want to book a room for three people on the second floor. Sorry, a lady booked at yesterday, but there is one on the third floor is IT. Okay. all right. What's the Price of the room is IT three hundred you on? It's three hundred and sixty you on per day. You can enjoy free breakfast. That's nice. Kiddy evening international hotel, what can I do for you? Yes, I want to book a room for three people on the second floor. Sorry, a lady booked IT yesterday, but there is one on the third floor. Is that okay? All right, what's the Price of the room? Is that three hundred you on? It's three hundred and sixty you on per day. You can enjoy free breakfast. That's nice. 听下面一段对话,回答第21、22题。No, it's April twenty nine. What's up to what's the day tomorrow? Is that a pro twenty eight? I book a train ticket to fuzhou on April twenty nine. Why are you go in there? He cause my parents work there. I miss them very much. You have a happy family. Thank you very much. No, it's April twenty nine. Who what's up, tim? who? What's the day? Tomorrow is IT, April twenty eight. I booked . a train ticket to fuzhou on April twenty nine. Why are you go in there? He cause my parents work there. I miss them very much. You have a happy family. Thank you very much. 听下面一段对话,回答第23、24题. sam, you move to your new house tomorrow. Why do you look upset? I think i'll miss my old neighbors. I've lived here for ten years, and most of them are kind to me. They have helped me a lot. I see, but you can come back to visit them when you are free. You're right. And i've been wondering if there's a good way to thank them. Why don't you hold a house wmma party in your new house and invite them to have fun? That sounds like a good idea. Sam, you move to your new house tomorrow. Why do you look upset? I think i'll miss my old neighbours. I've lived here for ten years, and most of them are kind to me. They have helped me a lot. I see, but you can come back to visit them when you are free. You're right. And i'd been wondering if there's a good way to thank them. Why don't you hold the house wmma party in your new house and invite them to have fun? That sounds like a good idea. 第五节,听短文,完成表格中所缺信息,每空只填一词。i'm. So glad to have a new library in our town. The library opens from seven am to nine PM every day except monday. IT has a huge collection of more than three million books. Also there are all kinds of magazines, including art, music, sports, science, nature, health and so on. You can surely find your favorites. Whether you choose to read books here or borrow them away, you should become a member first. Do bring your ID card. When you come for the first time and get a member card, you can borrow three books at a time and keep them for fifteen days. Please keep them clean and remember to return them on time. I'm so glad to have a new library in our town. The library opens from seven m to nine PM every day, except monday. IT has a huge collection of more than three million books. Also, there are all kinds of magazines, including art, music, sports, science, nature, health and so on. You can surely find your favorites. Whether you choose to read books here or borrow them away, you should become a member first to bring your ID card. When you come for the first time and get a member card, you can borrow three books at a time and keep them for fifteen days. Please keep them clean and remember to return them on time. I'm so glad to have a new library in our town. The library opens from seven am to nine P. M every day, except monday. IT has a huge collection of more than three miles lion books. Also, there are all kinds of magazines, including art, music, sports, science, nature, health and so on. You can surely find your favorites. Whether you choose to read books here or borrow them away, you should become a member first. Do bring your ID card. When you come for the first time and get a member card, you can borrow three books at a time and keep them for fifteen days. Please keep them clean and remember to return them on time.
1
沿河思源实验学校 2025 年春季学期九年级
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共五节,30小题;每小题 1分,满分 30 分)
一 、听对话,选择相应的图片。(读一遍)
1.A. B. C.
2. A B. C.
3. A. B. C.
4. A. B. C.
5. A. B. C.
6. A. B. C.
二、听句子,选择最佳应答。(读一遍)
7. A.That’s not great now. B. They are so beautiful. C. It’s nothing at all.
8. A. She likes music. B. She has curly hair. C. She can dance.
9.A. Never mind. B.You are welcome. C.I’m sorry.
10.A.Help yourselves. B. Have a good time. C. Sorry to hear that.
11.A.Collect stamps. B.No way. C. Math is my favorite.
12.A.40 years old. B.Patient. C.A teacher.
三、听对话,选择最佳选项完成句子。(读两遍)
13.It may be book.
A. Jane’s B.Tom’s C.Carla’s
14.The man visited yesterday.
2
A.the Great Wall B. the Summer Palace C.the Bird’s Nest
15.Sunny takes the English course
A. twice a week B. once a week C. every day
16.Tea was introduced to the man’s country in the century.
A.16th B.17th C.18th
17.Mike is years old.
A.14 B.16 C.18
18. The man will go to next time.
A.Thailand B.Japan C.Britain
四、听对话,根据对话内容及问题,选择最佳选项。(读两遍)
听下面一段对话,回答第 19、20小题。
19. What kind of room does the man book?
A. A single room.
B. A standard room for two people.
C. A room for three people.
20.How much is the room per day?
A.300 yuan. B. 360 yuan. C.400 yuan.
听下面一段对话,回答第 21、22 小题。
21. When will Tim go to Fuzhou?
A.April 28th. B. April 29th. C. April 30th.
22. Why is Tim going there?
A. Because he misses his parents very much.
B. Because he wants to work there.
C. Because he wants to visit his grandparents.
听下面一篇对话,回答第 23、24小题。
23.How long has Sam lived in his old house?
A.For five years. B.For ten years. C. For twenty years.
24. How will Sam express his thanks to his old neighbors?
A. By writing thank-you letters.
B. By giving them some presents.
C. By inviting them to the housewarming party.
五、根据所听短文内容填空,每空仅填一词。(读三遍)
The Town Library
Opening time The library opens from 25. to Sunday.
The number of books There are over 26.____million books in the library.
Kinds of books
Magazines about art, music, sports, science, 27.____, health and
so on can be found.
Library rules
To become a 28. , you should bring your ID card.
You can borrow 3 books at a time and keep them for 15 29.______
You should keep the books clean and 30. them on time.
3
第二部 完形填空 (共两节,满分 20分)
第一节 (共 5小题;每小题 1分,满分 5分)
阅读下面短文,从框内 6个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
一个为多余选项。
Next time when you’re in a public place,take a look around you,and 31 how
many people are using their phones.I can tell you now that it is probably more than
half,whether you are on a bus ,in a cafe 32 simply walking down the street.
I’m not saying that I am not an example of this, but it 33 amazes me how
people can spend so much time on their phones without talking to others.Has it gone
too far?
Recently, my smart phone broke and had to be sent off for repair for a week or
so.I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and
friends. It allowed me to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching
the people 34 me and really see what was going on.
However, I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of
those people once again. Perhaps I should just go back to using 35 basic phone
and forget I ever got my smart phone back.
第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、三个选项中,选出最佳答案。
The 2025 Harbin Asian Winter Games was a huge success. It brought together
athletes from all across Asia. The city of Harbin 36 a lot of preparation work
before the games.
The opening ceremony was 37 unforgettable event. The stadium was filled
with people from different countries. The performance showed the unique 38 of
Harbin. There were traditional dances and amazing ice-carving shows. The athletes
entered the stadium with great pride, ready to compete in the games.
During the games, the 39 showed their best skills. In the skiing events, the
athletes 40 down the snow-covered slopes at high speed. Their 41 was
really exciting. In the ice hockey games, the teams played with great teamwork. The
matches were full of 42 and the audience cheered loudly.
China, as the host country, did wonderful job. The Chinese delegation won many
medals. Their success was 43 the result of hard training. The Chinese athletes also
showed good sportsmanship.They 44 with athletes from other countries and made
friends with them.
The 2025 Harbin Asian Winter Games not only promoted(促进)winter sports
but also 45 cultural exchange among Asian countries. It will be remembered as a
great event in the history of Asian sports.
36 A.made B.did C.took
37A.a B.an C.the
38 A. culture B.art C. history
A.always B.the C.around D. count E.with F.or
4
39 A.people B.athletes C. coaches
40 A.ran B. walked C. rushed
41 A.show B.game C.race
42A.sadness B.disappointment C.excitement
43 A. mainly B. mostly C. nearly
44A. talked B. competed C. worked
45 A. increased B. improved C. promoted
第三部分 阅读理解(共三节,满分 50分)
第一节 (共 12小题,每小题 2.5分,满分 30分)
阅读下面三个语篇,从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
46.When does the collection end?
A. On July 1. B. On July 13. C. On July 17.
47.How long will the yard sale last?
A. For one day. B. For two days. C. For one week.
48.Which of the following things will NOT be accepted?
A. Books. B. TVs. C. Records.
49.What can you do if you want to be a volunteer at the yard sale?
A. Write an email to Jane Cameron.
B. Give away as many things as you can.
C. Call Jane Cameron at (401)1024-10515.
B
Beijing 2022Winter Olympic Games
The 24th Winter Olympic Games is from February 4th to 20th. This is the first
time that China has held the Winter Olympic Games, and Beijing has become the first
city in the world to hold both the Summer Games and the Winter Games.
Emblem(会徽)
The emblem is called“Winter Dream”.The idea comes from the Chinese
character.“dong(winter)”.The emblem shows the movement of skaters and skiers.
The pattern(图案)has the same colors as the Olympic Rings ,including red ,yellow,
green , black and blue .Below it are the words “ BEIJING2022”written in traditional
calligraphy(书法).The emblem shows winter sports are becoming a passion all over
5
the world. More and more people join in winter sports and have great fun.
In 1980 China joined for the first time in the Winter Olympic Games in New
York, the United States. At the 1992 Winter Games in France, Chinese players won
medals for the first time. YeQiaobao won two silver(银)medals,and Li Yan won
silver medal. At the2002 Winter Games in the United States, Yang Yang won the first
gold medal in Chinese history. At the 2014Winter Games in Russian, China won three
gold medals,four silver medals and bronze(铜)medals.
50.How long does the 24thWinter Olympic Games last?
A.16 days B.17 days C.18 days
51. The underlined word“passion"means .
A.wonderful dream B.much-loved activity C.big change
52.Which of the following can be put in .
A.Modern Olympic Games
B.Ancient Olympic Games
C.China and Winter Olympic Games
53.Where can we probably read this article?
A.In a cook book B. In a guide book C.In a P.E magazine
C
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th, 2025. But
his great deeds(行为) and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting
up China’s way forward.
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he
saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. These sad memories made
him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.
In the 1950s,when China started to develop nuclear submarines, it was a very
difficult job. Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up bravely. At that time, there
was not much advanced technology or many resources.It was like climbing a very
steep mountain. But he and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret,
they stopped contacting the outside world,even their families. Huang Xuhua left his
hometown for many years.
During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, designing a
nuclear reactor was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they
could only depend on their own research. They simple tools like abacuses and slide
rules to calculate and do experiments with great effort. Another important problem
was to make sure the submarine was stable underwater. After many simulations and
tests, they gradually overcame these problems.
Finally, in the 1970s,China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested
successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang
Xuhua didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of
submarine technology. His hard work and devotion won him many honors, including
the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. Now, when we think of him, we know that his
life can inspire us a lot. We, especially the young people. should learn from his spirit.
Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China
stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on forever.
6
54.Huang Xuhua decided to study hard to make the country strong because of the
following EXCEPT_________.
A. He saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks.
B. He wanted to develop nuclear submarines.
C. He had sad memories of his country’s difficulties.
55.In the 1950s, why did Huang Xuhua and his team didn’t contact with the outside
world ?
A. Because they didn’t like communicating with others .
B. Because they wanted to focus on their personal lives .
C. To keep the secrecy of the nuclear submarine project.
56.Huang Xuhua’s winning the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019 shows that
________.
A. he was the only scientist who made great contributions in China
B. his achievements and dedication were highly recognized
C. the government wanted to give rewards to all scientists
57.The writer wants to tell us that __________.
A. Huang Xuhua was a great scientist.
B. Huang Xuhua won many honors.
C. Huang Xuhua’s spirit should inspire us.
第二节(共 5个小题;每小题 2分,满分 10 分)
根据短文内容,从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项
为多余选项。
Different countries have different manners about social situations. In Mexico ,
people shake hands when they meet for the first time . In Brazil , people sometimes
kiss. In Korea , people usually bow. Do you know Chinese fist and palm salute(拱手
礼)? It is one of classic greeting manners in China . 58
The occasions of making fist and palm salute
For centuries,China has been known as a “Liyi Zhibang”. Nowadays , Chinese
usually shake hands when meeting others ,but sometimes they also make fist and palm
salute . 59 People make first and palm salute when they visit someone during the
Spring Festival or attend someone’s wedding ceremony , birthday party and so on .
The history of fist and palm salute
60 It started in the Western Zhou Dynasty, If people met strangers, they
would prepare for a fight if necessary, and hands were always ready for holding
weapons(武器 ). Holding hands together pointed to themselves was a meaning of
expressing kindness. Later it became one of traditional Chinese manners when
meeting each other .
61
How do you make fist and palm salute properly ? First , stand at attention . Then ,
if you are a man , right -hand half-first , and then left-hand hold the right -hand in
front of your chest . For a woman , left -hand half -first , then right -hand put the left -
hand on the top . Next , watch each other , raise both hands to brow(额头)and bend
down . 62 Also , you could say some lucky greeting words to each other for
three times .
7
第三节(共 5个小题;每小题 2分,满分 10 分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容填空和回答问题。(63至 66题每题答案不超过 3
个单词, 67题须用完整句子回答。)
In China, the year 2024 is the Year of the Dragon or“Loong”, as it is known in
Chinese. Nowadays more and more Chinese people prefer the word“loong”to“dragon”
when talking about Chinese dragons.
In Western culture, the dragon is usually a symbol of darkness. Western dragons
are often described as cruel, fire-breathing.
Unlike Western dragons, Chinese loongs traditionally symbolize strong powers
that can help people. They control over water and ensure a good harvest. The loong is
important in Chinese culture and has been popular throughout Chinese history.
In China, newborns in such years as 1988, 2000,2012,2024 are called“loong
babies”. They are thought to be blessed with bravery and wisdom characteristic of the
Chinese loongs. Parents wish their kids to “become loongs” expecting their children
to get future success. It is hoped that their children will get some achievements in life
with a good education and hard work.
The Western idea of dragon is not the same as that of the Chinese dragon. If you
want to express ideas related to the Chinese dragon, then you should use the word
“loong”. For example, “I was born in the year of the loong” or “Happy the Year of the
Loong”.
63.More and more Chinese people like to say“loong” ________ “dragon”.
64.Chinese loongs control over water and ensure _____________ .
65. Chinese parents wish their kids to “become loongs” and to get _____ in the future.
66. The Western idea of dragon is ___________ that of the Chinese dragon.
67. What do you think of Chinese loongs? (开放型题目,回答合理即可)
_____________________________________________________________________
第四部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分 25 分)
第一节(共 5个小题;每小题 2分,满分 10分)
根据中文意思,补全英语译文。(每空限填一词,缩写算一词)
68.多么有趣的电影啊!
interesting movie it is!
69.我期望在聚会上遇见我的老朋友。
I expect my old friends at the party.
70.袁隆平是一位众所周知的帮助人们摆脱饥饿的科学家。
Yuan Longping is a well-known scientist humans to get rid of hunger.
71.去年他在家自学英语。
He English at home last year.
72.如果你继续努力会找到答案的。
You the answer if you keep trying.
A . Now let’s learn more about it .
B . The way to make fist and palm salute.
C . When and where do people use it ?
D . It is often widely used among Western countries .
E . Finally , shake hands towards each other for three times .
F . Fist and palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years .
8
第二节 (共 10小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earth Day comes every April 22. It’s a day to do some good for the planet. Here
are two young people who have taken action for Mother Earth.They’re 73_____(hero)
for the Planet.
FightingWildfire
When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, her family moved from Chicago to Northern
California. Soon after, the Camp Fire started. “It was one of 74______(large) fires in
California history,” Reshma recalls. Her school was about 200 miles south of the fire.
But students had to wear masks because of the smoke.“It was 75______terrible
experience for me”, she says. It made her want to find a solution. She created a way
76______(use) artificial intelligence (AI) to predict forest fires. Her method is nearly
90% correct. “I realized that 77______ I could succeed, the results would make a big
difference.”
Recycling Power
Sri Nihal Tammana learned a scary fact on his 78______(ten) birthday. Every
year, people throw out 15 billion batteries .They pollute groundwater and harm the
environment. Nihal’s organization,Recycle My Battery, provides recycling bins
79_______batteries. This organization has a team of 251 student volunteers around
the world. In the past three years, they 80 _____(help) to recycle more than 260,000
batteries. Nihal has won many 81 ______ (environment) awards. “My biggest goal is
to bring the 15 billion batteries which 82______(throw) away each year worldwide to
zero,”he says.
第五部分 写作(满分 25分)
三年的初中校园生活即将结束,静坐在教室的你,一定会思绪万千。三年来,
你在学习,生活方面取得了优异的成绩,这些成绩的背后有老师的辛勤教诲,家
长的次次鼓励。请以“Thank you,my ”为主题的征文活动,请你写一
篇不少于 80词的短文。
要求如下:
1. 短文内容包括人物的外貌,性格,爱好和使你难忘之处等;
2. 正文中不得出现真实的个人信息。
It has been three years since I came here._______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Appearance(外貌) Personality(性格)
hobby What make you unforgettable?
Thank you,my
报告查询:登录zhixue.com或扫描二维码下载App
(用户名和初始密码均为准考证号)
九年级英语
姓名: 班级:
考场/座位号:
注意事项
1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场填写清楚,并认真核对
条形码上的姓名和准考证号。
2.选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂方框,修改时用橡皮擦干净,不
留痕迹。
3.非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写,否则作答
无效。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。作图时,必须用2B铅笔,并描浓。
4.在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
5.请勿折叠答题卡,保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁。
贴条形码区
(正面朝上,切勿贴出虚线方框)
正确填涂 缺考标记
单选题
1 [A] [B] [C]
2 [A] [B] [C]
3 [A] [B] [C]
4 [A] [B] [C]
5 [A] [B] [C]
6 [A] [B] [C]
7 [A] [B] [C]
8 [A] [B] [C]
9 [A] [B] [C]
10 [A] [B] [C]
11 [A] [B] [C]
12 [A] [B] [C]
13 [A] [B] [C]
14 [A] [B] [C]
15 [A] [B] [C]
16 [A] [B] [C]
17 [A] [B] [C]
18 [A] [B] [C]
19 [A] [B] [C]
20 [A] [B] [C]
21 [A] [B] [C]
22 [A] [B] [C]
23 [A] [B] [C]
24 [A] [B] [C]
31 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
32 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
33 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
34 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
35 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
36 [A] [B] [C]
37 [A] [B] [C]
38 [A] [B] [C]
39 [A] [B] [C]
40 [A] [B] [C]
41 [A] [B] [C]
42 [A] [B] [C]
43 [A] [B] [C]
44 [A] [B] [C]
45 [A] [B] [C]
46 [A] [B] [C]
47 [A] [B] [C]
48 [A] [B] [C]
49 [A] [B] [C]
50 [A] [B] [C]
51 [A] [B] [C]
52 [A] [B] [C]
53 [A] [B] [C]
54 [A] [B] [C]
55 [A] [B] [C]
56 [A] [B] [C]
57 [A] [B] [C]
58 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
59 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
60 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
61 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
62 [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F]
听短文空题
25. 26. 27.
28. 29. 30.
任务型阅读(63题至66题每空不超过3个词,67题回答问题)
63. 64.
65. 66.
67.
翻译填空题
68. 69.
70. 71.
72.
语篇填空题
73. 74. 75. 76. 77.
78. 79. 80. 81. 82.
英语作文题
83.
参考答案
1-6 BBABAC 7--12 BBCCAC: 13--18 CBABAC 19--24CBBABC
25. Tuesday 26. 3/three 27.nature
28. member 29.days 30.return
31-35: DFACB 36--40: BBABC 41--45:CCABC
46--49:BBBC 50--53:ABCC 54--57:BCBC
58--62: ACFBE
63. instead of 64.a good harvest 65.success 66.different 67.省略
68.What an 69.to meet 70. who/that helps
71.taught himself 72.will find
73.heroes 74. the largest 75.a 76.to use 77.if
78.tenth 79.for 80.have helped 81.environmental 82.are thrown