话题2 学习与成长-【一战成名新中考】2025年中考英语·纯练版总复习·二轮方向性题型培优练优质课件PPT

英语 1 2 题型二 创新考法专练 语篇 分类练 话题2 学习与成长 3 Passage 1[2024石家庄四十二中三模] If you feel stressed at school, what can you do to make yourself happier? Some may eat their favorite food or listen to some music. Others may go for a walk or get some exercise. A new study found another great way to lower students' stress—playing with dogs. Scientists studied 105 students between the ages of eight and nine. Thirty-five trained dogs and their trainers also took part in the test. The children were divided into 3 groups. The students in the first group spent 4 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They watched the trained dogs perform and even played with them. They did this twice a week for 4 weeks. The second group spent the same amount of time（时长） doing exercise to relax. The last group did neither of these things. During this time, the scientists recorded the students' cortisol levels （皮质醇水平）. Cortisol is a stress hormone（激素）. The more stressed you feel, the more cortisol you will have in your body. What did the scientists find? Both the second and third groups showed rises in cortisol levels. The first group, however, showed no big increase. And the children in this group had the lowest cortisol levels right after playing with the dogs. According to the study, students enjoy playing with dogs, and it helps them become happier. The stress hormone falls over time this way, which is good for students' health. But here comes the next question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time? Scientists are going to keep working to find out the answer. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了减少学生压力的方法——和 小狗玩耍。 7 1.写作意图 Why is the first paragraph written?( ) A. To lead in the topic. B. To present the argument. C. To shock the readers. D. To show the latest research results. 【解析】写作意图题。第一段先介绍了几种常见的缓解压力的方法，再根 据“A new study found another great way to lower students' stress— playing with dogs.”和下文内容可知，第一段主要是为了引出下文，引出 本文的主要话题：和小狗玩耍对缓解压力的作用。故选A。 √ 8 2.What made the testing results of the three groups different?( ) A. The time. B. The age. C. The activity. D. The place. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer. They watched…”；“The second group spent the same amount of time（时长） doing exercise to relax.”；“The last group did neither of these things.”可知，三组同学 被安排的活动是不同的。故选C。 √ 9 3.跨学科 Which one shows the relationship between students' stress(x) and cortisol levels(y)?( ) A. B. C. D. 【解析】跨学科试题。根据“The more stressed you feel, the more cortisol you will have in your body.”可知，你的压力越大，体内的皮质 醇水平越高。故选A。 √ 10 4.What does the underlined word “them” refer to（指的是）?( ) A. Trainers. B. Dogs. C. Scientists. D. Students. 【解析】代词指代题。根据“According to the study, students enjoy playing with dogs, and it helps them become happier.”可知，学生们喜 欢和狗玩耍，狗就会让他们变得更加开心，所以此处them指的是学生。 故选D。 √ 11 5.后续推断 What may the scientists study next?( ) A. More useful ways to lower stress. B. New skills of keeping pets at home. C. The amount of time to play with a dog. D. The most suitable kind of dog to play with. 【解析】后续推断题。根据“But here comes the next question: Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time? ”可知，作 者又提出了一个问题：20分钟和狗玩耍的时间是最佳的时长吗？科学家将 会继续努力去寻找答案。所以作者接下来就会研究和狗玩耍的最佳时长。 故选C。 √ 12 Passage 2[2024重庆潼南区一模改编] ①Have you heard the sentence “With copper（铜） as a mirror, you can straighten your clothes; with history as a mirror, you can know the ups and downs”? Today I'm going to talk about my understanding of learning history. ②Many of you may think it is difficult to study history. A number of students hold a misunderstanding（误解） towards history study. However, every subject has its own value, including history. ③History is not just a study of the past from which we can learn a lot whether it's good or bad. History is the study of the people and events that will influence the future. 13 ④In fact, if we study history, we can learn quite a lot about personal stories and events of people just like us. The people who came before us helped build and develop the country we are living in. Studying the past helps to see how their experiences have shaped our own lives. ⑤To be honest, ▲. Some of what we study in history helps us understand the mistakes of the past. And these mistakes will help people not to make the same mistakes. People often learn from the past to have a better future. 14 ⑥Whether we like the subject of history or not, we must understand the importance of the events and the people who came before us. Our ancestors' decisions have influenced our own life. Similarly, the decisions of our own generation（一代人） will finally influence those who come after us. In this only way, the world is truly connected. ⑦Therefore, learning history is necessary and important. We should make great efforts to learn it well. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者从几个角度说明学习历史的重要 性——学习历史不光是要学习过去，也要学习对未来有影响的人物、事件 和错误，引导学生学好历史。 15 1.开篇方式 The writer uses the sentence in the beginning to ___. A. express the importance of history B. lead into the topic “learning history” C. introduce history events D. interest readers in family memory 【解析】写作手法题。根据第一段“…‘With copper(铜) as a mirror…my understanding of learning history.”可知，作者用这句名言 是为了引出“学习历史”这一话题。故选B。 √ 16 2.句子还原 Which sentence can be put in the ▲?( ) A. the mistakes of the past won't help us B. I don't like the idea of learning history C. it is not easy to learn the subject of history D. not everything that happened in the past is good 【解析】句子还原题。根据下文“Some of what we study in history helps us understand the mistakes of the past.”可知，我们在历史中学 习的一些知识有助于我们理解过去的错误，可推测此处是说过去会有一些 错误的事情发生，D选项“不是过去发生的一切都是好的”符合语境。故选 D。 √ 17 3.According to Paragraph 6, which of the following is TRUE?( ) A. The decisions of our generation will show what is happening to us. B. The decisions of our generation will build and develop our country. C. The decisions of our generation will influence the people in the future. D. The decisions of our generation will help understand the people in the past. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Similarly, the decisions of our own generation（一代人） will finally influence those who come after us.” 可知，我们这代人的决定最终将会影响后代，C选项“影响未来的人们”与 文章内容相符。故选C。 √ 18 4.写作意图 What's the writer's purpose in writing the passage?( ) A. To introduce some important people in history. B. To express the importance of learning history. C. To explain different people's understanding of history. D. To show the relationship between the past and the future. 【解析】写作意图题。根据全文通篇介绍了学习历史的重要性可知，作者 的目的是表达学习历史的重要性。故选B。 √ 19 5.文章结构 What is the structure（结构） of the passage?( ) A. B. C. D. √ 20 【解析】文章结构题。第一段用“今天我要谈谈我对学习历史的认识”引出 下文；第二段讲述学生们在学习历史方面有问题；第三至六段讲述了我们 应该学习历史的原因；第七段总结全文，得出“学习历史是必要且重要的， 我们应该努力把它学好”的结论。故选C。 21 Passage 3[2024温州外国语学校一模改编] Come to learn Swedish（瑞典语）. It seems challenging, but it could be easier if you are a good English speaker. The two languages have a lot more in common than you think. The Swedish alphabet（字母表） is almost the same as the English alphabet, but has three more letters：A, Ä and Ö. Although some letters, like O and Ö look alike, they are actually different. Take the Swedish words “lov”and “löv” as an example. The word “lov” can refer to holidays while “löv” translates to “leaves”. 22 Many words are close in Swedish and English. “Bok” in Swedish is only a one-letter change to “book”； “äpple” is an easy change to “apple” and “man” and “piano” are the same in both languages. However, there are special suffixes（后缀）, such as “-en” and “-t”, to stand for “the” in English. For example, “boken” in Swedish means “the book” in English. Another similarity is the word order. It's often possible to directly translate sentences between the two languages. One big difference is that Swedish always puts the verb（动词） in the second place of a sentence. Although in English sentences, words like “always” or “hardly” often appear in the second place, Swedish is very strict about that verb-second rule and will put them after the verb. There are many reasons that make Swedish hard, but with your English learning experience, you'll find it easier. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了瑞典语的相关信息，因为瑞 典语与英语有很多共同点，所以尽管学习瑞典语有一定的难度，但是英语 学习者会觉得相对容易一些。 25 1.图片理解 Which sign below is written in Swedish?( ) A. B. C. D. 【解析】图片理解题。根据第二段首句“The Swedish alphabet（字母表） is almost the same as the English alphabet, but has three more letters：A, Ä and Ö.”可知，瑞典语字母表比英语字母表多了A、Ä 和Ö这三个字母，结合图片选项可知，D选项图片最符合语境。故选D。 √ 26 2.写作手法 How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?( ) A. By explaining the results. B. By raising questions. C. By comparing differences. D. By listing numbers. 【解析】写作手法题。根据第二段“Although some letters…translates to ‘leaves’.”可知，作者通过对比“lov”和 “löv”，阐述“一些单词看起来很 像实际上却有差异”的论点。故选C。 √ 27 3.According to the passage, what is the meaning of the Swedish word “pianot”?( ) A. Piano. B. Pianos. C. The piano. D. A piano. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段“However, there are special suffixes （后缀）, such as ‘-en’ and ‘-t’, to stand for ‘the’ in English.”可知， pianot中的t指代the，所以pianot的意思是the piano。故选C。 √ 28 4.跨学科 To say “I always eat apples” in Swedish, which of the following shows the right way to place the verb “ter （eat）”?( ) A. B. C. D. 【解析】跨学科试题。根据第四段“One big difference is that Swedish always puts the verb（动词） in the second place of a sentence.”可知， 瑞典语总是把动词放在句子的第二位。故选A。 √ 29 5.写作意图 Why does the writer write the passage?( ) A. To introduce the history of Swedish. B. To show Swedish is not so difficult to learn. C. To tell the writer's own Swedish learning experience. D. To explain the difference between English and Swedish. 【解析】写作意图题。根据最后一段“There are many reasons that make Swedish hard, but with your English learning experience, you'll find it easier.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了说明有了英语学习经验， 学习瑞典语并不难。故选B。 √ 30 Passage 4[2024重庆潼南区一模改编] My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I'm going to give you my suggestions about how to become stronger. As the high school entrance examination is coming soon, you might feel a bit worried or nervous. These feelings may make you stressed out and fail to focus on your studies. But think about it. Would your favorite superhero have these same feelings? Scientists have been studying what they call the “Spider-man Effect” in children. They've found that if kids imagine themselves as a powerful 31 person—such as a superhero like Spider-man, they won't feel so nervous and will be able to focus on their work. Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Spider-man. You may find that you can “remove” the stress from this situation and feel more confident. This can help keep you fight off bad feelings and focus on your task, just like a superhero would. Of course, it doesn't mean that you should dress like the Spider-man. Pretending to be powerful makes us feel powerful and that will have an influence on how we act in real life. But you don't have to believe in superheroes for this. Anyone you admire can encourage you to get through hard times, or remind you of how you should act in certain situations. Movie stars, famous painters, even our own parents—anyone can be our “Spider-man”. For example, when it comes to how I communicate with others, I like to look toward my mom for inspiration. She is a middle school teacher who is always kind, thoughtful and brave. I try to act the same way like her. Thanks for your listening. I hope you can find your own strength to overcome the difficulties in your life. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了让自己变得强大的建议，可 以通过“蜘蛛侠效应”，设想自己是超级英雄来变得强大。 34 1.语篇类型 This passage is probably ___. A. a story B. a speech C. a letter D. a diary 【解析】语篇类型题。根据第一段“My dear boys and girls…to become stronger.”以及最后一段“Thanks for your listening.”可推测，本文可能是 一篇演讲。故选B。 √ 35 2.During a difficult exam, you can imagine yourself as Spider-man to ___. A. help people in need B. help yourself calm down and focus on your exam C. get superpowers and do well in the exam D. make yourself stronger and cleverer 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, if you feel nervous…just like a superhero would.”可知在困难的考试中，可以把自 己想象成蜘蛛侠，帮助自己冷静下来，专注于考试。故选B。 √ 36 3.写作手法 The writer supports his idea in Paragraph 5 by ___. A. giving an example B. making a suggestion C. telling a story D. raising a question 【解析】写作手法题。根据第五段“ For example, when it comes to how… the same way like her.”可知作者在第五段中通过举例子来支持他 的观点。故选A。 √ 37 4.According to the passage, we can infer that ___. A. scientists believe that the “Spider-man Effect” can help children focus on their work B. anyone you look up to can be your “Spider-man” C. the writer never have problems communicating with people D. children can become stronger and more confident by watching movies about superheroes 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“But you don’t have to…can be our ‘Spider-man’. ”你崇拜的任何人都可以成为你的“蜘蛛侠”。故选B。 √ 38 5.写作对象 The passage is most probably written for ___. A. teachers B. parents C. children D. doctors 【解析】写作对象题。根据第二段“As the high school…a bit worried or nervous.”和第四段“For example, if you…are Spider-man.”并结合全 文可知，本文很可能是写给孩子们的。故选C。 √ 39 Passage 5 [2024池州联考一模改编] ①Hello, boys and girls! It is known that everyone has dreams and goals for the future. But why do you still end up with nothing? What separates successful people from the dreamers is their persistent （锲而不舍的） action. You will often find some of your lessons in school very hard. Try and keep trying, and you'll be sure to successfully deal with any difficulty you meet with. ②This is the formula（公式） for success: Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Achieve 40 ③Most people have what they want（Dream） and think they can realize their dreams（Believe）. But they do nothing. When they get tired waiting and lose a lot, they get bored. ④I personally believe that if you really want to achieve your dreams and goals in life, you have to add one thing to your success formula: Dream ＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve 41 ⑤For me, act is the most important thing for success, and that's to take persistent action（Act）. “I'll try” creates wonders. Let's remember that there will be difficulties in our life. We must face them bravely and solve them. Most successful people made their dreams come true because of their persistent action. ⑥Please remember: Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality. Thank you! 【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了行动是连接梦想与目标与现 实之间的桥梁。 42 1.What should you do when you find your lessons very hard according to the passage?( ) A. Ask people for help. B. Try and keep trying. C. Get ready to create wonders. D. Prepare for a harder one. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“You will often find…with any difficulty you meet with.”可知当你发现你的课程很难时,你应该不断尝试。 故选B。 √ 43 2.写作意图 Why does the writer use the formula “Dream＞ Believe ＞ Act ＞ Achieve”?( ) A. To support his idea. B. To ask readers to explain it. C. To show what his goals are. D. To compare it with a bridge. 【解析】写作意图题。根据第五段内容可知作者用这个公式来支撑他自己 的观点。故选A。 √ 44 3.文章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?( ) A. ①②/③④/⑤⑥ B. ①/②③/④⑤/⑥ C. ①②/③④⑤/⑥ D. ①/②③④⑤/⑥ 【解析】文章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题“梦想和成功”； 第二至五段具体讲述了如何使梦想成功，介绍了一些公式；第六段做出总 结：行动是连接梦想和目标与现实的桥梁。故选D。 √ 45 4.What can we know from the last paragraph?( ) A. If we want to succeed, we need to do nothing. B. Only with careful planning can we succeed. C. If we'd like to be successful, we need to take action. D. Nothing is impossible if you put a willing heart into it. 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Please remember:Action is the bridge that connects our dreams and goals to reality.”可知要想实现梦 想就要行动。故选C。 √ 46 5.语篇类型 This text was created as a（n）___. A. song B. diary C. speech D. ad 【解析】语篇类型题。根据文章开头“Hello, boys and girls!”可推测，本 文可能是一则演讲。故选C。 √ 47 $$