精品解析：2025届湖南省长郡中学高三适应性演练一英语试题

长郡中学2025届高三考前适应性演练(一) 英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What color is Amy’s hair? A. Blonde. B. Brown. C. Black. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Susan, does everyone in your family have blonde hair? W: No. My father has brown hair and my sister Amy has the same hair color as his. But she is considering dying her hair black. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man’s ethnic group? A. Han. B. Miao. C. Tujia. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I heard residents in your town still preserve their own traditions and live in old wooden houses. W: You’re right. Residents in my town mainly belong to the Miao and Tujia ethnic minorities. We have our own traditions. So are you also a member of an ethnic minority? M: No. I’m a member of China’s most numerous ethnic group. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is Jennifer going to the town? A. She wants to visit someone. B. She is curious about its festival. C. She has something to show there. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Jennifer, I heard you’re traveling to a town in Czech Republic this weekend. Are you going to visit anyone there? W: No. The small town holds thousands of strange records and is hosting a festival to show them. I really want to go and have a look. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does Henry find the book? A. Interesting. B. Useful. C. Challenging. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Henry, do you love reading the book? M: Not really. W: Why? It’s a book about a trip in space. I thought you were interested in such books. M: Well, it’s in French. My French vocabulary is quite limited. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An Olympic champion. B. An Olympic sports event. C. The origin of Olympic Games. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Mark, do you know who was the first champion of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics? M: Yes. I know it’s a Chinese girl. Her name is on the tip of my tongue. W: It’s Qian Yang. She won the 10-meter rifle shooting competition on Saturday, July 24,2021. M: You’re right. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What might help the woman most in speaking English? A. Social clubs. B. Foreign bars. C. Language exchange centers. 7. What is probably the man? A. A tour guide. B. A businessman. C. A teacher. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Wang Mei, you can speak English very well. Have you ever studied in an English-speaking country? W: No. Though I haven’t been to an English-speaking country, I have my own ways of speaking to native English speakers. M: So how do you meet native English speakers? W: Sometimes I go to foreign bars and restaurants. I also go to sports clubs and social clubs. But I usually go to language exchange centers to practice my English. I heard you’re learning French and Spanish. Why do you learn the languages? M: My work means I have to meet tourists from all over the world. I need to explain tourist attractions to them. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why is Jason unable to volunteer for the organization now? A. For his inexperience. B. For his busy schoolwork. C. For his young age. 9. What area is the woman working on? A. Transportation. B. Marketing. C. Social media. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Jason, didn’t you say you want to find some volunteer work this summer? M: Yes. I love volunteer work that involves dog rescuing. W: Then why not volunteer for DFW Pug Rescue? It’s looking for volunteers aged 20 and over to rescue and care for dogs. M: But I’m not 20 years old yet. W: You’ll turn 20 this July, won’t you? Then you can volunteer for it. M: You’re right. So what do volunteers need to do? W: They need volunteers in various areas, such as sports events, transportation, social media, newsletters, and marketing. So which area are you most interested in? M: Well, I really want to help find owners for the dogs on the Internet. So are you a volunteer for the organization? W: Yes. I help it with marketing. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When were the speakers supposed to meet? A. At 4:00 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 11. What did the man do to help the driver? A. He called the police. B. He stopped the driver’s car. C. He took the driver to the hospital. 12. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the woman’s home. C. At a restaurant. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: It’s already 4:30 pm. You’re half an hour late. What happened? M: Something unexpected happened on my way here. While I was waiting for my bus, I saw a car moving slowly in a strange way. When I looked into an open window, I saw a man bending over the wheel. W: That was terrible. M: Yes. I immediately realized something was wrong. So I jumped into the moving car through the open window and stepped on the brake of the car. W: So did you take the man to the hospital? M: No. It turned out that two police officers were following the vehicle, but they failed to notice that medical help was needed. It was they that took the man to hospital for treatment. W: No wonder you were late. Well, you’ve done something great. You’re really a hero. But now let’s order our food. M: So you haven’t ordered yet? W: No. I don’t know what you love eating. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How old was Natalic when she took the picture? A. In her early 10s. B. In her early 30s. C. In her early 40s. 14. Where does Natalie live now? A. In Jerusalem. B. In Washington D. C. C. In New York City. 15. What caused Natalie to quit her career in modeling? A. Preference for the acting profession. B. Suggestions from her first agent. C. Pressure from her parents. 16. Which movie came out in 1995? A. Léon. B. Heat. C. Mars Attacks. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Who is this beautiful woman on your computer? W: It’s Natalie Portman. She’s a famous actress in the US. M: She looks pretty young. So when was she born? W: She was actually born in 1981. She’s in her early 40s now. This picture was taken 10 years ago, you know. M: So what did her parents do? W: Her father is a doctor and her mother is an American-born artist. M: So was she born in the US? W: No. She was born in Jerusalem, Israel. But her family left Israel for Washington D. C. when she was still very young. After a few more moves, her family finally settled in New York City, where she still lives to this day. M: Did she receive a good education? W: Yes. Her academic achievements allowed her to attend Harvard University. M: So how did her acting career begin? W: She was discovered by an agent in a pizza house at the age of 11. She was pushed towards a career in modeling, but she finally quit it because she loved acting better. M: So what are her famous movies? W: Her first movie Léon in 1994, Heat in the following year, Beautiful Girls and Mars Attacks in 1996, to name just a few. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where did the race end? A. In France. B. In the US. C. In Italy. 18. What achievement did Offshore Team Germany make? A. Winning the VO65 class. B. Winning the IMOCA class race. C. Winning second place of the VO65 class. 19. What was life like on the boat? A. No fresh food was served. B. Phone calls were not allowed. C. People couldn’t get enough sleep. 20. Why was data collected? A To provide information for the next race. B. To help the teams perform better. C. To help scientists do research. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】M: In the spring of 2021, 12 sailing teams from around the world competed in the first-ever Ocean Race Europe. The race set off from Lorient, France, on May 29, 2021. Teams of 6 to 10 people spent 22 days sailing the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea to the finish line, in Genoa, Italy. That’s where the race ended, on June 19, 2021. Two classes of speedy sailboats raced in the event: the IMOCA and the VO65. Offshore Team Germany won the IMOCA class race. And Portugal’s Mirpuri Foundation Racing Team won the VO65 class. The Ocean Race Europe presented plenty of challenges. Teams were on their boats for three straight weeks. When you were on board, all you do was race, eat, and sleep. There was no Internet connection and there were no movies. There wasn’t even a fridge or a freezer inside the boat. The Ocean Race Europe has a larger purpose. During the race, the boats collected scientific data from the salty waters. The data is shared with scientists. It provides insight about how the ocean is affected by climate change. Scientists use the data to further understand and advocate the world’s changing environment and seas. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出符合题意的最佳选项。 A A Beginner’s Guide to Goal Setting for Teens Are you trying to get into your dream college? Hoping to make it into the school basketball team next year? Or maybe get an A in chemistry? Regardless of what your goal is or how big it is, if you’re a young person who wants to accomplish something, you’ve come to the right place. This guide to goal setting for teens is definitely for you! When it comes to goal setting, SMART goals are the top dog. This well-established tool for goal setting is highly influenced by Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory and used by almost every major company out there. If there’s one tool for goal setting for teens to understand, it’s this one. You’ll probably encounter it later on in university or your career as well too! When creating a SMART goal, here’s what you need to consider... A SMARI goal is... Specific→State exactly what you will accomplish Measurable→Progress is trackable and you will know when you achieve it Attainable→It is possible for you to achieve the goal Relevant→It is consistent with your values, interests and other goals Timely→Includes fair, but firm deadlines Where to start? 1. Start by thinking about your whole job and the broad areas (or “buckets”) of responsibility and results over which you have control. 2. Develop a goal statement for each bucket. To get the scale right, remember to focus on end results, rather than tasks. 3. Goals should be high level enough to include the core outcomes for which you are responsible, but specific and clear enough so you will be able to measure success. 4. Goals should be on-going job responsibilities and any new projects and assignments that are specific to this performance cycle. 5. Having too many goals can be an indicator that your goals are defined at too detailed a level and are focused more on tasks than on end results. 6. If it seems that your goals are becoming too many and focus on individual tasks, it may be helpful to consider combining several goal statements into a broader outcome area. 21. The author recommends SMART most probably because ______. A. he is a trainer for a major company B. it is a tool well supported by theory C. the readers need it for their future life D. teens are big dreamers but not doers 22. Xiao Ming, an average high school student, writes the following goal for the new semester: My goal is to raise my scores above 90（out of 100） in all my classes this semester because getting good scores will help me get into a good college. Which two criteria of SMART are seriously missing in Xiao Ming’s goal statement? A. Relevant, Measurable. B. Specific, Attainable. C. Measurable, Attainable. D. Relevance, Timely. 23. According to the guide’s Where to Start, which is the most important factor to consider? A. The sense of responsibility. B. The measurement of success. C. A good knowledge of tasks. D. The right level of goals. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要为青少年如何设定目标提供了说明和指导。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This well-established tool for goal setting is highly influenced by Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory and used by almost every major company out there.(这个完善的目标设定工具深受洛克和莱瑟姆的目标设定理论的影响，几乎被所有大公司所使用。)”可知，作者推荐SMART最可能的原因是这是一个受到洛克和莱瑟姆的目标设定理论支持的工具。故选B。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。小明的目标是“My goal is to raise my scores above 90 (out of 100) in all my classes this semester because getting good scores will help me get into a good college.(我的目标是本学期所有课程的成绩都要提高到90分以上（满分100分），因为取得好成绩可以帮助我进入一所好大学)”，根据表格中的“Relevant→It is consistent with your values, interests and other goals(相关→它与您的价值观，兴趣和其他目标一致)”和“Timely→Includes fair, but firm deadlines(适时→包括公平但严格的截止日期)”可知，小明的目标中缺乏与他的价值观、兴趣和其他目标一致的相关内容，并且没有目标达成的截止日期。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Where to start”部分中的“2. Develop a goal statement for each bucket. To get the scale right, remember to focus on end results, rather than tasks.(2. 为每个目标制定一个目标声明。要获得正确的比例，记住关注最终结果，而不是任务。)”、“3. Goals should be high level enough to include the core outcomes for which you are responsible, but specific and clear enough so you will be able to measure success.(3. 目标应该足够高，包括你负责的核心结果，但也要足够具体和清晰，这样你才能衡量成功。)”、“4. Goals should be on-going job responsibilities and any new projects and assignments that are specific to this performance cycle.(4. 目标应该是正在进行的工作职责以及特定于此绩效周期的任何新项目和任务。)”、“5. Having too many goals can be an indicator that your goals are defined at too detailed a level and are focused more on tasks than on end results.(5. 目标太多可能表明你的目标定义得太详细，更关注任务而不是最终结果。)”和“6. If it seems that your goals are becoming too many and focus on individual tasks, it may be helpful to consider combining several goal statements into a broader outcome area.(6. 如果你的目标似乎变得太多，并且集中在单个任务上，那么考虑将几个目标声明合并到一个更广泛的结果领域可能会有所帮助。)”可知，这几条内容说明了制定目标要注意平衡，目标既要足够高，又要明确和清晰；应该是正在进行的工作职责以及特定于此绩效周期的任何新项目和任务；既不能将目标定得过于繁琐、注重具体任务，也不能过于宽泛，核心在于把握目标的“层次”或“范围”是否合适。故选D。 B I talked with a friend recently who is overwhelmed by her workload. She asked me what tips I might have for her around time management. That question surprised me. I’ve never thought of myself as someone with great time management skills, mostly because I tend to avoid rigid productivity systems, believing that they limit creativity. It wasn’t until we parted that it hit me. I don’t focus on time management, but on energy management. Somewhere along the way, I learned that the time something takes is secondary to energy. I would argue that you could work six hours on a task that gives you energy and feel fresh and ready for what’s next. Or, you could spend three hours on a tiring and unfulfilling task and need to check out for the rest of the day. I’m a fan of making lists and getting things crossed off the list. But maturity has taught me that satisfaction comes not from crossing things off the list, but intentionality about what goes on the list. If everything on the list is an energy waste, how will it feel to get those things done? Russ Hudson, a teacher, said something recently that blew the doors open for me on this concept. He spoke about the energy of frustration (懊恼), but it could be applied to any negative emotion. He said that frustration is an addictive emotion because it causes us to be stressed. Hudson said, “Life force gets trapped in frustration.” So that extensive energy I spend being frustrated is trapping life force energy that might go to more useful, productive, creative pursuits. In a world that often focuses on getting the most out of every hour, it’s about time we should change our focus. We should pay attention to how our energy changes throughout the day, and learn how to create, use, and save it. It’s not hard to start thinking this way. We just need to be more aware of ourselves and make careful choices. 24. Why is the author’s friend mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To lead in the topic. B. To clarify a definition. C. To present a common phenomenon. D. To share a personal experience. 25. What is the author’s core argument about productivity? A. Completing tasks quickly guarantees satisfaction. B. Making task lists lays the foundation for achievements. C. Energy management matters more than time management. D. Strict time management systems are essential for success. 26. According to Russ Hudson, why is frustration problematic? A. It wastes time that could be used for work. B. It makes people ignorant of their limitations. C. It leaves people trapped in their comfort zone. D. It stops people pursuing something meaningful in life. 27. What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Ways to reduce negative emotions in work. B. The relationship between energy and creativity. C. The disadvantages of focusing on time management. D. Examples of managing energy through awareness and choices. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章由朋友咨询时间管理技巧引出话题，论述了精力管理比时间管理更重要，并强调要关注和合理管理精力。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“I talked with a friend recently who is overwhelmed by her workload. She asked me what tips I might have for her around time management. That question surprised me. I’ve never thought of myself as someone with great time management skills, mostly because I tend to avoid rigid productivity systems, believing that they limit creativity.(我最近和一位被工作压得喘不过气来的朋友聊了聊。她问我关于时间管理有什么建议。这个问题让我很惊讶。我从来没觉得自己是个有出色时间管理能力的人，主要是因为我倾向于避免严格的效率体系，认为它们会限制创造力)”可知，作者先提及朋友咨询时间管理技巧，随后引出自己对精力管理的看法，所以提及朋友是为了引出文章主题。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It wasn’t until we parted that it hit me. I don’t focus on time management, but on energy management. Somewhere along the way, I learned that the time something takes is secondary to energy.(直到我们分开我才意识到。我不关注时间管理，而是关注精力管理。在某个时候，我了解到做一件事所花费的时间相对于精力来说是次要的)”可知，作者认为精力管理比时间管理更重要。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“He said that frustration is an addictive emotion because it causes us to be stressed. Hudson said, ‘Life force gets trapped in frustration.’ So that extensive energy I spend being frustrated is trapping life force energy that might go to more useful, productive, creative pursuits.(他说懊恼是一种容易让人上瘾的情绪，因为它会让我们感到压力。哈德森说：‘生命力被困在了懊恼之中。’所以我在懊恼上花费的大量精力，正困住本可以用于更有用、更有成效、更有创造性追求的生命力)”可知，懊恼会困住本可以用于更有用、更有成效、更有创造性追求的生命力，会阻止人们追求生活中有意义的事情。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We should pay attention to how our energy changes throughout the day, and learn how to create, use, and save it. It’s not hard to start thinking this way. We just need to be more aware of ourselves and make careful choices.(我们应该注意我们的精力在一天中是如何变化的，并学习如何创造、使用和保存它。开始这样思考并不难。我们只需要更加了解自己并谨慎做出选择)”可推知，接下来可能会举例说明如何通过自我认知和选择来管理精力。故选D项。 C Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants, using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity. Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up (大规模) to the level of industrialization, it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more water, fertilizer, and arable land. It may also be used to recycle carbon dioxide into a consumable product. This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind. In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible. Future space travelers may simply turn the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food they eat. Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says starch and other complex carbohydrates make up 60 to 80 percent of the human diet. “Our breakthrough demonstrates that creating a complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab, and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology,” he says. Plants create carbohydrates like starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is an extremely complex process, says Ma, adding that it will take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch. Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team has been focusing on a single project: how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed. He says their method involves first converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas into methanol (甲醇). Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules like a puzzle into bigger and more complex molecules via enzymatic (酶的) processes. With the help of supercomputing Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch. Thellab-made starch is chemically identical to starch in nature. 28. Which is NOT a potential benefit if the technique can be used on an industrial level? A. It will have a positive influence on climate change. B. It will help produce renewable resources such as solar and wind. C. It will offer a practical food solution for astronauts. D. It will help save several sources from water to farming land. 29. Which might be the biggest difficulty in creating the lab-made starch? A. Making starch faster. B. Collecting enough raw materials. C. Repeating the photosynthesis of plants. D. Involving methanol in the making process. 30. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Starch, an important complex carbohydrate. B. The great benefits of starch. C. Chinese scientists successfully turn carbon dioxide into starch. D. Chinese scientists make contributions to climate change. 31. In which part of a newspaper could you most probably read the text? A. Science. B. Lifestyle. C. Environment. D. Health. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电力制造淀粉的技术突破及其对环境、食品生产和太空探索的潜在影响。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up (大规模) to the level of industrialization, it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more water, fertilizer, and arable land.(专家表示，如果这种技术能够大规模推广到工业化水平，它可能会彻底改变这种关键营养素和工业原料的生产方式，因为这不需要种植和加工大量的淀粉类作物，如红薯和玉米，从而节省更多的水资源、肥料和耕地)”可知，该技术在工业化水平上的潜在好处包括节约水资源、肥料和耕地，D选项正确；根据第三段中“This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind.(这将有助于减少碳排放并对抗气候变化，特别是当所使用的电力来自太阳能和风能等可再生能源时)”可知，该技术对气候变化有积极影响，A选项正确；根据第四段中“In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible.(在太空探索中，它可能为宇航员提供一种可持续的食物来源，使他们在进行长途太空旅行及尝试殖民其他无法种植食物的星球时得到补给)”可知，该技术可以为宇航员提供实际的食物解决方案，C选项正确。而B选项“它将有助于生产可再生能源，如太阳能和风能”并不是该技术工业化水平的潜在好处，原文中第三段中提到“This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind.(这将有助于减少碳排放并对抗气候变化，特别是当所使用的电力来自太阳能和风能等可再生能源时)”，是说如果使用的电力来自可再生能源，将有助于减少碳排放和对抗气候变化，而不是说该技术本身会生产可再生能源。因此，B选项不是该技术可能带来的潜在好处。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team has been focusing on a single project: how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed.(该研究的第一作者之一蔡涛说，六年来，他的团队一直专注于一个项目：如何制造淀粉，但速度更快)”和最后一段中“With the help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch.(在超级计算的帮助下，中国科学家将天然淀粉的制造过程从大约60个步骤简化为11个步骤，并生产出淀粉)”可推知，团队六年专注于提高制造淀粉的速度，将自然生产淀粉的60步简化为人工合成淀粉的11步，可推知制造实验室合成淀粉最大的困难可能是更快制造淀粉。故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇便指出“Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants, using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity.(中国科学家利用二氧化碳、氢气和电合成了淀粉，这是一种在植物中发现的复杂碳水化合物)”，后文围绕该技术的工业化可能带来的变革、对环境的益处、在太空探索中的作用以及制造过程等方面展开论述，即文章主要描述了中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳转化为淀粉这一成就及其潜在的应用前景。故C选项“Chinese scientists successfully turn carbon dioxide into starch.(中国科学家成功地将二氧化碳转化为淀粉)”准确地概括了文章的核心内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在制造淀粉方面的科学技术，包括制造淀粉所使用的原料、制造过程、技术的优势以及可能的应用领域等，这些内容都属于科学范畴。因此，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“科学”部分。故选A。 D Debate about artificial intelligence (AI) tends to focus on its potential dangers: algorithmic bias (算法偏见) and discrimination, the mass destruction of jobs and even, some say, the extinction of humanity. However, others are focusing on the potential rewards. Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery. Could they be right? Such claims are worth examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance to fears about large-scale unemployment and killer robots. Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely hailed as panaceas (万灵药). But the mechanism by which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis. In the 17th century microscopes and telescopes opened up new vistas of discovery and encouraged researchers to favor their own observations over the received wisdom of antiquity (古代), while the introduction of scientific journals gave them new ways to share and publicize their findings. Then, starting in the late 19th century, the establishment of research laboratories, which brought together ideas, people and materials on an industrial scale, gave rise to further innovations. From the mid-20th century, computers in turn enabled new forms of science based on simulation and modelling. All this is to be welcomed. But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries, by allowing people and ideas to mingle in new ways and on a larger scale. AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation. Two areas in particular look promising. The first is “literature-based discovery” (LBD), which involves analyzing existing scientific literature, using ChatGPT-style language analysis, to look for new hypotheses, connections or ideas that humans may have missed. The second area is “robot scientists”. These are robotic systems that use AI to form new hypotheses, based on analysis of existing data and literature, and then test those hypotheses by performing hundreds or thousands of experiments, in fields including systems biology and materials science. Unlike human scientists, robots are less attached to previous results, less driven by bias—and, crucially, easy to replicate. They could scale up experimental research, develop unexpected theories and explore avenues that human investigators might not have considered. The idea is therefore feasible. But the main barrier is sociological: it can happen only if human scientists are willing and able to use such tools. Governments could help by pressing for greater use of common standards to allow AI systems to exchange and interpret laboratory results and other data. They could also fund more research into the integration of AI smarts with laboratory robotics, and into forms of AI beyond those being pursued in the private sector. Less fashionable forms of AI, such as model-based machine learning, may be better suited to scientific tasks such as forming hypotheses. 32. Regarding Demis and Yann’s viewpoint, the author is likely to be ______. A. supportive B. puzzled C. unconcerned D. doubtful 33. What can we learn from the passage? A. LBD focuses on testing the reliability of ever-made hypotheses. B. Resistance to AI prevents the transformation of scientific practice. C. Robot scientists form hypotheses without considering previous studies. D. Both journals and labs need adjustments in promoting scientific findings. 34. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Official standards have facilitated the exchange of data. B Performing scientific tasks relies on government funding. C. Less popular AI forms might be worth paying attention to. D. The application of AI in public sector hasn’t been launched. 35. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Transforming Science. How Can AI Help? B. Making Breakthroughs. What Is AI’s Strength? C. Reshaping History. How May AI Develop Further? D. Redefining Discovery. How Can AI Overcome Its Weakness? 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以改变科学实践，以及人工智能是如何帮助改变科学实践的。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery.(Demis Hassabis和Yann LeCun等该领域的杰出人物相信人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代)”和第二段中“Such claims are worth examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance to fears about large-scale unemployment and killer robots. Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely hailed as panaceas (万灵药). But the mechanism by which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis.(这些说法值得研究，并且可能为人们对大规模失业和杀手机器人的担忧提供有用的平衡。当然，许多以前的技术被错误地誉为万灵药。但人工智能解决世界问题的机制有着更强有力的历史基础)”可知，作者认为Demis和Yann的观点值得研究，且认为人工智能解决世界问题的机制有着更强有力的历史基础。由此推知，作者可能支持Demis和Yann的观点——人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries, by allowing people and ideas to mingle in new ways and on a larger scale. AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation.(但该杂志和实验室走得更远：它们改变了科学实践本身，并通过允许人和思想以新的方式和更大规模的融合，开启了更强大的发现手段。人工智能也有可能引发这样的转变)”可知，人工智能能引起科学实践的改变。由此推知，对人工智能的抵制阻碍科学实践的转变。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Less fashionable forms of AI, such as model-based machine learning, may be better suited to scientific tasks such as forming hypotheses.(如基于模型的机器学习这种不太流行的人工智能形式，可能更适合科学任务，例如形成假设)”可知，不太流行的人工智能形式，可能更适合科学任务。由此推知，不太流行的人工智能形式可能值得关注。故选C。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第一段到第四段，尤其是第一段中“Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery.(Demis Hassabis和 Yann LeCun等该领域的杰出人物相信人工智能可以推动科学进步并引领发现的黄金时代) ”和第四段中“AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation.(人工智能也有可能引发这样的转变)”可知，前四段指出人工智能可以实现科学时间的转变，接着根据第五段中“Two areas in particular look promising.(有两个领域看起来尤其有希望)”可知，第五段介绍了人工智能从两个领域改变科学实践，最后一段总结人工智能改变科学实践是可行的。由此可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能是如何帮助改变科学的。A项“改变科学。人工智能有何帮助？”适合作文章标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Each day we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____36____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____37____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____38____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____39____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____40____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E. People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们对不确定性的不耐受（IU）心理及其影响，以及一些应对不确定性、提高耐受力的建议。 【36题详解】 上文“Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. (每天，我们都会面临健康、他人对我们的看法或午餐吃什么汤等不确定因素。)”说明生活中充满了不确定性；G选项“Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others.(然而，有些人对这些未知的反应比别人更强烈。)”中的these unknowns指代上文提到的各种不确定性，并指出不同人对不确定性的反应程度不同，引出下文对不耐受不确定性（IU）的讨论，符合题意。故选G。 【37题详解】 下文“It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. (这会使他们感到压力、烦躁或焦虑，他们有动力不惜一切代价避免它，或控制自己的环境以尽可能减少不确定性。)”中的“them”指代E选项中的“People with high IU”，说明高IU人群对不确定性的反应；E选项“People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. (即使是轻微的不确定性，高IU人群也会感到困扰。)”指出了高IU人群对不确定性的敏感程度，符合题意。故选E。 【38题详解】 上文“People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. (高IU人群为了尽快解决不确定性，也会更冲动地对事件做出反应。)”说明高IU人群对不确定性的强烈反应；C选项“For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. (对他们来说，不确定性不仅仅是不愉快的——它是无法忍受的。)”进一步强调了高IU人群对不确定性的无法忍受，符合题意。故选C。 【39题详解】 上文“For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. (对于不会导致生活显著痛苦或混乱的轻微不确定性不适，人们可以每天一点一点地建立自己对不确定性的容忍度。)”说明人们可以逐渐建立对不确定性的容忍度；F选项“Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. (寻找机会在你的日常生活边缘安全地玩耍。)”中的play around the edges of your routines指的是尝试一些新的、不同于日常的事物，以此来逐渐适应和容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选F。 【40题详解】 上文“Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. (然后，在尝试了一些小的、不确定性的暴露之后，挑战自己去做其他新的事情——不是什么大事或可怕的事，只是不同的事情，一开始会让你感到不舒服。)”说明通过逐渐尝试新事物来建立对不确定性的容忍度；B选项“Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. (随着时间的推移，人们可以学会容忍不确定性。)”总结了前文的内容，指出通过不断尝试和挑战，人们可以逐渐学会容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For schools in or near the path of the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食) , the event has inspired lessons in science, literacy and culture. Some schools are also organizing group ____41____ for students to experience the awe of daytime ____42____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together. The school system in Portville, New York, near the Pennsylvania line, plans to____43____ its 500 7th - through 12th-grade students onto buses and drive about 15 minutes into the ____44____, to an old horse barn overlooking a ____45____. There, they will be able to ____46____ the shadow of the eclipse as it arrives around 3:20 pm EST. It requires ____47____ the hours of the school day to remain in session, but Superintendent Thomas Simon said staff did not want to____48____ on the learning opportunity, especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens. “We want them to leave here that day____49____ they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on, and the world that we live in, and that there are some real _____50_____ things that we can experience in the natural world,” Simon said. In _____51_____ future science teachers, University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture _____52_____ the way people experience an eclipse. Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something _____53_____, she said. “This is important for our teachers to _____54_____,” she said, “so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these _____55_____.” 41. A. meetings B. viewings C. findings D. writings 42. A. temperature B. schedule C. observation D. darkness 43. A. guide B. push C. load D. transfer 44. A. corner B. background C. garage D. path 45. A. canal B. platform C. valley D. garden 46. A. cast B. approach C. trace D. cross 47. A. interrupting B. rearranging C. dividing D. treasuring 48. A. miss out B. catch up C. follow up D. cut down 49. A. predicting B. commenting C. feeling D. confirming 50. A. reasonable B. accidental C. confusing D. amazing 51. A. accompanying B. training C. assessing D. testing 52. A. explores B. shapes C. starts D. fixes 53. A. common B. predictable C. familiar D. sacred 54. A. understand B. compare C. complete D. defend 55. A. elements B. dilemmas C. definitions D. exhibitions 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为了让学生体验日全食，纽约州波特维尔的学校将学生们送往日全食路径上的一个旧马棚，在那里他们可以观赏日全食的阴影。为了配合观测活动，学校需要重新安排课程时间的故事。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学校还组织学生集体观看，让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。A. meetings会议；B. viewings观看；C. findings发现；D. writings作品。根据下文“for students to experience the awe of daytime ____2____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together.”提到了解其背后的天文学，可知，此处应表示一些学校组织学生集体观看日全食。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学校还组织学生集体观看，让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。A. temperature温度；B. schedule日程表；C. observation观察；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食)”可知，日全食是一种白天的黑暗，此处应表示让他们一起体验白天黑暗的敬畏，并了解其背后的天文学。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. guide指导；B. push推；C. load承载；D. transfer转移。根据下文“its 500 7th-through 12th-grade students onto buses”可知，此处应表示学校计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车去观看日全食。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. corner角落；B. background背景；C. garage车库；D. path路径。根据上文“drive about 15 minutes into”以及下文“to an old horse barn”可知，此处应表示开车大约15分钟的路径。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：位于宾夕法尼亚线附近的纽约波特维尔市的学校系统计划让500名7年级到12年级的学生坐上公交车，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。A. canal运河；B. platform平台；C. valley山谷；D. garden花园。根据常识可知，观看日全食应该在高处为最佳观看点，由此可推知，开车大约15分钟到达俯瞰山谷的旧马棚。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们将能够在美国东部时间下午3点20分左右追踪日食的阴影。A. cast投射；B. approach靠近；C. trace追踪；D. cross穿过。根据下文“the shadow of the eclipse”可知，此处应表示他们将在下午3点20分左右追踪日食的阴影。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课，但主管托马斯西蒙说，教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。A. interrupting打断；B. rearranging重新安排；C. dividing分开；D. treasuring珍惜。根据下文“the hours of the school day to remain in session”可知，此处应表示这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这需要重新安排学校一天的时间，以保持上课，但主管托马斯西蒙说，教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。A. miss out错过；B. catch up赶上；C. follow up跟进；D. cut down减少。根据下文“especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens”可知，此处应表示教职员工不想错过学习机会，特别是在学生通过屏幕体验如此多的生活的时候。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙说：“我们希望他们那天离开这里时，能感觉到他们只是我们生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分，在自然界中我们可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。”A. predicting预测；B. commenting评论；C. feeling感觉到；D. confirming证实。根据下文“they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on”可知，此处应表示希望学生们那天离开时，能感觉到他们只是生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：西蒙说：“我们希望他们那天离开这里时，能感觉到他们只是我们生活的这个美丽星球和世界的一小部分，在自然界中我们可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。”A. reasonable合理的；B. accidental偶然的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“that we can experience in the natural world”可知，此处应表示在自然界中可以体验到一些真正令人惊奇的事情。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在培训未来的科学教师时，布法罗大学的诺埃米·怀特教授鼓励她的学生教师将文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式纳入其中。A. accompanying陪伴；B. training培训；C. assessing评价；D. testing测试。根据下文““so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these ____15____.””可知，此处指的是培训未来的科学教师时应该鼓励的做法。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在培训未来的科学教师时，布法罗大学的诺埃米·怀特教授鼓励她的学生教师将文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式纳入其中。A. explores探索；B. shapes影响，塑造；C. starts开始；D. fixes修理。根据下文“Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something ”可知，此处应表示文化如何影响人们体验日食的方式。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，例如，美洲原住民可能将日全食视为神圣的事情。A. common共同的；B. predictable可预测的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. sacred神圣的。根据常识以及上文“Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something”可知，美洲原住民可能将日全食视为神圣的事情。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我们的老师理解这一点很重要，”她说，“这样当他们在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些要素。”A. understand理解；B. compare比较；C. complete完成；D. defend防卫。根据语境以及上文“University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture… the way people experience an eclipse.”可知，此处应表示让老师理解这一点很重要。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“让我们的老师理解这一点很重要，”她说，“这样当他们在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些要素。”A. elements要素；B. dilemmas困境；C. definitions定义；D. exhibitions展览。根据上文“so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these”可知，当老师在教学时，他们就能陈述所有这些与日全食相关的文化要素。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分。满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following a public vote ___56___ more than 37,000 people had their say, we’re pleased to announce that the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024 is ‌“brain rot”. ‌“Brain rot” refers to ‌“the supposed worsening of a person’s mental or intellectual state, ___57___ (especial) viewed as the result of over ___58___ (consume) of material (now particularly online content) considered to be unimportant or unchallenging. Also: something characterized as likely to lead to such worsening”. Our experts noticed that ‌“brain rot” gained new prominence this year as a term ___59___ (use) to capture concerns about the impact of consuming excessive amounts of low-quality online content ___60___ people’s thinking abilities. The term ___61___ (increase) in usage frequency by 230% in the last two years. The first recorded use of ‌“brain rot” ___62___ (find) in 1854 in Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden, which reports his experiences of living a simple lifestyle in the natural world. ___63___ (draw) his thought-provoking conclusions, Thoreau finally criticizes society’s tendency to devalue complex ideas, or those that can be interpreted in multiple ways, in favor of simple ones, and sees this as indicative of ___64___ general decline in mental and intellectual effort: ‌“ ____65____ England is trying to cure the potato rot, why not try to cure the brain-rot-which prevails so much more widely and fatally?” 【答案】56. where 57. especially 58. consumption 59. used 60. on 61. has increased 62. was found 63. To draw 64. a 65. While 【解析】 【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了2024年牛津年度词汇“brain rot”。 【56题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：经过一场有超过37000人参与表态的公众投票，我们很高兴地宣布，2024年牛津年度词汇是“brain rot”。“ more than 37,000 people had their say”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a public vote，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，表示“在公众投票中”，是模糊地点，用关系副词where引导该定语从句。故填where。 【57题详解】 考查副词。句意：“Brain rot”指的是“一个人精神或智力状态的假定恶化，尤其被视为过度消费被认为不重要或无挑战性的材料(现在尤其指在线内容)的结果”。提示词修饰动词viewed，用副词especially作状语，意为“尤其”。故填especially。 【58题详解】 考查名词。句意：“Brain rot”指的是“一个人精神或智力状态的假定恶化，尤其被视为过度消费被认为不重要或无挑战性的材料(现在尤其指在线内容)的结果”。提示词作介词of后宾语，用名词consumption，意为“消费”，不可数名词。故填consumption。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的专家注意到，“brain rot”今年作为一个用来表达对过度消费低质量在线内容对人们思维能力影响担忧的术语，获得了新的关注度。“(use) to capture concerns...”作后置定语，修饰名词term，use(消费)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语term之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填used。 【60题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们的专家注意到，“brain rot”今年作为一个用来表达对过度消费低质量在线内容对人们思维能力影响担忧的术语，获得了新的关注度。“the impact of...on...”是固定搭配，意为“……对……的影响”。故填on。 【61题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这个术语的使用频率在过去两年里增加了230%。increase(增加)是谓语动词，与主语The term之间是主动关系，根据时间状语“in the last two years”可知，讲述过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，主语是单数名词，助动词用has。故填has increased。 【62题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：“brain rot”的首次有记录使用是在1854年亨利·戴维·梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》一书中被发现的，该书记录了他在自然世界中过简单生活的经历。find(发现)是主句谓语动词，与主语The first recorded use之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in 1854”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填was found。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了得出他发人深省的结论，梭罗最终批评了社会贬低复杂思想或那些可以有多种解读方式的思想，而青睐简单思想的倾向，并认为这表明精神和智力努力的普遍下降。“(draw) his thought provoking conclusions”是“Thoreau finally criticizes society’s tendency...”的目的，用不定式作目的状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填To draw。 【64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了得出他发人深省的结论，梭罗最终批评了社会贬低复杂思想或那些可以有多种解读方式的思想，而青睐简单思想的倾向，并认为这表明精神和智力努力的普遍下降。可数名词decline在句中表示“一种普遍的下降”，泛指，且general是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查连词。句意：“当英国试图治愈马铃薯腐烂病时，为什么不尝试治愈更广泛、更致命流行的‘大脑腐烂病’呢？”根据语境可知，“England is trying to cure the potato rot”是时间状语从句，用从属连词while引导从句，表示“当……时候”；句首单词首字母大写。故填While。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 为了进一步提升学生强身健体的意识，你校英文报正举办以“I Love Sports”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你从事运动的相关经历； 2.你最喜爱的运动项目； 3.运动给你带来的好处。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I Love Sports Sports have always been an important part of my life. I love playing sports and take part in different kinds of them, such as soccer, basketball, running, swimming and so on. Among all these sports, I like soccer best. I have been playing soccer since I was a little kid. These activities help me stay in shape and keep my energy level up. Furthermore, they also provide a great way for me to connect with others and teach me the importance of setting goals and striving to achieve them. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，参加校英文报正在举办的以“I Love Sports”为主题的征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 热爱：love→ have deep love for 参加：take part in→ participate in 保持体型：stay in shape→ maintain my figure 此外：Furthermore→ In addition 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Among all these sports, I like soccer best. I have been playing soccer since I was a little kid. 拓展句：Among all these sports, I like soccer best, which I have been playing since I was a little kid. 【点睛】【高分句型1】These activities help me stay in shape and keep my energy level up. (使用了固定短语help sb do“帮助某人做某事”) 【高分句型2】Furthermore, they also provide a great way for me to connect with others and teach me the importance of setting goals and striving to achieve them. (使用了不定式充当目的状语) 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a gloomy afternoon, with dark clouds hanging low in the sky, making the already old-fashioned campus seem even more deserted. After the last class of the day, I walked across the campus with my close classmate, Tom. As we neared a quiet corner beside the old library, a series of faint meowing sounds (猫叫声) pierced the stillness. Our curiosity piqued, we exchanged a glance and immediately traced the source of the noise. Behind a messy stack of old boxes, we discovered a minuscule, emaciated cat. Its once-soft fur was now caked with dirt, and its small body trembled ever so slightly, a clear indication that it had suffered from days of hunger and cold. A profound sense of pity welled up within us. Tom bent down slowly, his hand extended gently, his voice soft as he tried to lead the frightened animal out. At first, the cat was frightened, its wide-eyed gaze fixed on us in fear. But gradually, after a few moments of cautious sniffing (嗅), it timidly stepped out from its hiding spot. We knew we couldn’t abandon this helpless creature. Tom proposed taking it to the school infirmary (医务室), believing the school doctor might be able to assess its condition. I nodded in instant agreement, yet a tinge of worry crept in as we pondered how the school authorities would respond to us bringing a cat into the infirmary. Just at that moment, Lily, a classmate with a kind heart and a skill of animal care, happened to pass by. The moment she laid eyes on the pitiful cat in our arms, her expression softened. She informed us that she had experience in dealing with stray (走失的) animals and eagerly offered her assistance. With Lily on board, our determination to save the cat grew tenfold. We held the cat gently and made our way towards the infirmary, filled with hope and a touch of nervousness. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. However, after listening to our earnest plea and the cat’s tragic situation, her expression softened. She quickly got to work, conducting a thorough examination. She told us the cat was severely malnourished and had a respiratory infection. While treating the cat, she patiently explained to us the care it needed. We listened intently, absorbing every word, grateful for her expertise. With the doctor’s professional treatment, the cat’s breathing gradually became more stable, and we felt a glimmer of hope. Paragraph 2: Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. We divided the tasks among us. I was in charge of bringing fresh food and water every morning, Tom cleaned the cat’s temporary shelter, and Lily monitored its health closely. As the days passed, the cat’s condition improved remarkably. Its fur became smoother, and its eyes sparkled with newfound vitality. It even started to play with a small ball we brought for it. This experience not only saved a life but also strengthened the bond between us classmates. We realized that with unity and compassion, we could make a difference. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学们如何发现并救助一只流浪小猫的过程，以及这一经历给他们带来的感悟和成长。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“到达医务室后，校医用惊讶的眼神迎接了我们。”以及第二段首句内容“在接下来的几天里，我们轮流照顾这只小猫。”可知，第一段可描写了解了情况后，校医救治了小猫。 ②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的几天里，我们轮流照顾这只小猫。”可知，第二段可描写作者和同学们轮流照顾小猫，并深有感触。 2.续写线索：校医非常惊讶地看着小猫——了解了情况后， 校医立刻开始检查猫的健康状况——校医发现小猫营养不良，并告知了作者如何照顾小猫——于是，作者和同学们开始轮流照顾小猫——他们分工明确，密切关注小猫的情况——随着时间的推移，小猫的情况越来越好，而作者和同学们之间的情谊也日益密切 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explain/make an explanation ②负责：be in charge of/take charge of ③提高：improve/enhance 情绪类 ①专心地：intently/closely/attentively ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】【高分句型1】She told us the cat was severely malnourished and had a respiratory infection.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】As the days passed, the cat’s condition improved remarkably.（运用了as引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Susan, does everyone in your family have blond hair? No, my father has Brown hair and my sister amy has the same color as his, but SHE is considering dying . her hair black. I heard residents in your town still preserve their own traditions and live in old wooden houses. You're right. Residents in my town mainly belong to the mail and two G, R. Ethnic minorities. We have our own traditions. So are you also a member of an ethnic minority? No, i'm a member of china's most numerous ethnic group. Jennifer, I heard you're travelling to a town in check republic this weekend. Are you going to visit anyone there? No, a small town holds thousands of strange records and is hosting a festival to show them. I really want to go and have a look. Henry, do you love reading the book? Not really . why it's a book about a trip in space. I thought you were interested in such books. Well, it's in french. My french for camping. Lary is quite limited. Mark, do you know who was the first champion of the twenty twenty tokyo olympics? Yes, I know. It's a chinese girl. Her name is on the tip of my tongue. It's chen yang SHE won the ten meter rifle shooting competition on saturday, july twenty fourth twenty twenty one. You're right. 第二节，听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。One man, you can speak english very well. Have you ever studied in english speaking country? No, though I haven't been to an english speaking country, I have my own ways of speaking to native english speakers. So how do you meet native english speakers? Sometimes I go to foreign bars and restaurants. I also go to sports clubs and social clubs, but I usually go to language exchange centers to practice my english. I heard your learning french and spanish. Why do you learn the languages? My work means I have to make tourists from all over the world. I need to explain tourist attractions to them. wrong. May you can speak english very well. Have you ever studied in english speaking country? No, though I haven't been to an english speaking country, I have my own ways of speaking to native english speakers. So how do you meet native english speakers? Sometimes I go to foreign bars and restaurants. I also go to sports clubs and social clubs, but I usually go to language exchange centers to practice my english. I heard your learning french and spanish. Why do you learn the languages? My work means I have to make tourists from all over the world. I need to explain tourist attractions to them. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Jason, didn't you say you want to find some volunteer work this summer? Yes, I love volunteer work that involves dog rescuing. Then why not volunteer for DFW paug rescue? It's looking for volunteers aged twenty and over to rescue and care for dogs. But i'm not twenty years old yet. You'll turn twenty this july. I want you. Then you can volunteer for IT. You're right. So what do volunteers need to do? They need volunteers in various areas such as sports events, transportation, social media, news, letters and marketing. So which area are you most interested in? Well, I really want to help find owners for the dogs on the internet. So are you a volunteer for the organization? Yes, I hope that with marketing. Jason, didn't you say you want to find some volunteer work this summer? Yes, I love volunteer work that involves dog rescuing. Then why not volunteer for DFW pog rescue? It's looking for volunteers aged twenty and over to rescue and care for dogs. But i'm not twenty years old yet. You'll turn twenty this july, won't you? Then you can volunteer for IT. You're right. So what do volunteers need to do? They need volunteers in various areas, such as sports events, transportation, social media, news, letters and marketing. So which area are you most interested in? Well, I really want to help find owners for the dogs on the internet. So are you a volunteer for the organization? Yes, I help IT with marketing. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。It's already for thirty P. M. Your half an hour late. What happened? Something unexpected happened on my way here. While I was waiting for my bus, I saw a car moving slowly in a strange way. When I looked into an open window, I saw a man pending over the wheel. That was terrible. Yes, I immediately realized something was wrong. So I jumped into the moving car through the open window and stepped on the break of the car. So did you take the man to the hospital? no. IT turned out that two police officers were following the vehicle, but they failed to notice that medical help was needed. IT was they that took the man to hospital for treatment. No wonder you were late. Well, you've done something great. You're really a hero. But now let's order our food . so you have an order to yet. No, I don't know what you love eating. It's already for thirty P. M. You have an hour late. What happened? Something unexpected happened on my way here. While I was waiting for my bus, I saw a car moving slowly in a strange way when I looked into an open window, I saw a man bending over the wheel. That was terrible. Yes, I immediately realized something was wrong. So I jumped into the moving car through the open window and stepped on the break of the car. So did you take the man to the hospital? no. IT turned out that two police officers were following the vehicle, but they failed to notice that medical help was needed. IT was they that took the man to hospital for treatment? No wonder you were late. Well, you've done something great. You're really a hero. But now let's orter our food . so you have an ordered yet. No, I don't know what you love eating. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Who is this beautiful woman on your computer? It's natly portman. She's a famous actress in the U. S. SHE looks pretty Young. So when was he born? SHE was actually born in one thousand and eighty one. She's in her early forties. Now this picture was taken ten years ago, you know. so what did her parents do? Her father is a doctor, and her mother is an american born artist. So was he born in the U. S. No, he was born in jerusalem, israel. But her family left israel for washington, D. C. When he was still very Young, after a few more moves, her family finally settled in new york city, where he still lives. To this day. did he receive a good education? Yes, her academic achievements allowed her to attend harvard university. So how did her acting career begin? SHE was discovered by an agent in a pizza house at the age of eleven. SHE was pushed towards a career modeling, but he finally quit IT because he loved acting Better. So what are her famous movies? Her first movie, lyon in ninety ninety four heat in the following year, beautiful girls and mars attacks in nineteen, nineteen ninety six to name. Just of you, who is this beautiful woman on your computer? It's natly portman. She's a famous actress in the U. S. SHE looks pretty Young. So when was he born? SHE was actually born in nineteen eighty one. She's in her early forties. Now this picture was taken ten years ago, you know. so what did her parents do? Her father is a doctor, and her mother is an american born artist. So was he born in the U. S. No, he was born in jerusalem, israel. But her family left israel for washington, D. C. When he was still very Young. After a few more moves, her family finally settled in new york city, where he still lives. To this day. Did he receive a good education? yes. Her academic achievements allowed her to attend harvard university. So how did her acting career begin? SHE was discovered by an agent in a pizza house at the age of eleven. SHE was pushed towards a career in modeling, but SHE finally quitted because he loved acting Better. So what are her famous movies? Her first movie, leon, in nineteen and ninety four heat in the following year, beautiful girls and mars attacks in nine nineteen ninety six name just a few. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。In the spring of twenty twenty one, twelve sAiling teams from around the world competed in the first ever ocean race europe. The race set up from lauriat, france are made twenty nine th. Twenty twenty one teams of six to ten people spent twenty two days sAiling the atlantic ocean and the mediterranean sea to the finish line in genoa, italy. That's where the race ended on due nineteen, twenty, twenty one. Two classes of speedy sailboats raised in the event the IMOCA and the the vo sixty five offshore team germany won the IMOCA class race, and portugals map uri foundation racing team won the vio s sixty five class. The ocean raised europe presented plenty of chAllenges. Teams run their boats for three straight weeks. When you were on board, all you do was race, eat and sleep. There was no internet connection and there were no movies. There wasn't even a fridge or a freezer inside the boat. The ocean raised europe has a larger purpose. During the race, the boats collected scientific data from the salty waters. The data is shared with scientists. IT provides insight about how the ocean is affected by climate change. Scientists use the data to further understand and advocate the world's changing environment. And sees . in the spring of . twenty twenty one, twelve sAiling teams from around the world competed in the first ever ocean race, europe. The race set up from lawyer friends on may twenty nine, twenty twenty one teams of six to ten people spent twenty two days sAiling the atlantic ocean and the meditation ian sea to the finish line in genoa, italy. That's where the race ended on june eighth twenty twenty one. Two classes of speedy sailboats raised in the event the IMOCA and of the VO sixty five offshore team germany won the IMOCA class race, and portugals mapani foundation racing team won the BIOS sixty five class. The ocean raised europe presented plenty of chAllenges. Teams run their boats for three straight weeks. When you were on board, all you do was race, eat and sleep. There was no internet connection and there were no movies. There wasn't even a fridge or a freezer inside the boat. The ocean raised europe has a larger purpose. During the race, the boats collected scientific data from the salty waters. The data is shared with scientists. IT provides insight about how the ocean is affected by climate change. Scientists use the data to further understand and advocate the world's changing environment and seas. 长郡中学2025届高三考前适应性演练(一) 英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What color is Amy’s hair? A. Blonde. B. Brown. C. Black. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man’s ethnic group? A. Han. B. Miao. C. Tujia. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is Jennifer going to the town? A. She wants to visit someone. B. She is curious about its festival. C. She has something to show there. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does Henry find the book? A. Interesting. B. Useful. C. Challenging. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An Olympic champion. B. An Olympic sports event. C. The origin of Olympic Games. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What might help the woman most in speaking English? A. Social clubs. B. Foreign bars. C. Language exchange centers. 7. What is probably the man? A. A tour guide. B. A businessman. C. A teacher. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why is Jason unable to volunteer for the organization now? A. For his inexperience. B. For his busy schoolwork. C. For his young age. 9. What area is the woman working on? A. Transportation. B. Marketing. C. Social media. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When were the speakers supposed to meet? A. At 4:00 pm. B. At 4:30 pm. C. At 5:00 pm. 11. What did the man do to help the driver? A. He called the police. B. He stopped the driver’s car. C. He took the driver to the hospital. 12. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At the woman’s home. C. At a restaurant. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How old was Natalic when she took the picture? A. In her early 10s. B. In her early 30s. C. In her early 40s. 14. Where does Natalie live now? A. In Jerusalem. B. In Washington D. C. C. In New York City. 15. What caused Natalie to quit her career in modeling? A. Preference for the acting profession. B. Suggestions from her first agent. C. Pressure from her parents. 16. Which movie came out in 1995? A. Léon. B. Heat. C. Mars Attacks. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Where did the race end? A. In France. B. In the US. C. In Italy. 18. What achievement did Offshore Team Germany make? A. Winning the VO65 class. B. Winning the IMOCA class race. C. Winning second place of the VO65 class. 19 What was life like on the boat? A. No fresh food was served. B. Phone calls were not allowed. C. People couldn’t get enough sleep. 20. Why was data collected? A. To provide information for the next race. B. To help the teams perform better. C. To help scientists do research. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出符合题意的最佳选项。 A A Beginner’s Guide to Goal Setting for Teens Are you trying to get into your dream college? Hoping to make it into the school basketball team next year? Or maybe get an A in chemistry? Regardless of what your goal is or how big it is, if you’re a young person who wants to accomplish something, you’ve come to the right place. This guide to goal setting for teens is definitely for you! When it comes to goal setting, SMART goals are the top dog. This well-established tool for goal setting is highly influenced by Locke and Latham’s goal setting theory and used by almost every major company out there. If there’s one tool for goal setting for teens to understand, it’s this one. You’ll probably encounter it later on in university or your career as well too! When creating a SMART goal, here’s what you need to consider... A SMARI goal is... Specific→State exactly what you will accomplish Measurable→Progress is trackable and you will know when you achieve it Attainable→It is possible for you to achieve the goal Relevant→It is consistent with your values, interests and other goals Timely→Includes fair, but firm deadlines Where to start? 1. Start by thinking about your whole job and the broad areas (or “buckets”) of responsibility and results over which you have control. 2. Develop a goal statement for each bucket. To get the scale right, remember to focus on end results, rather than tasks. 3. Goals should be high level enough to include the core outcomes for which you are responsible, but specific and clear enough so you will be able to measure success. 4. Goals should be on-going job responsibilities and any new projects and assignments that are specific to this performance cycle. 5. Having too many goals can be an indicator that your goals are defined at too detailed a level and are focused more on tasks than on end results. 6. If it seems that your goals are becoming too many and focus on individual tasks, it may be helpful to consider combining several goal statements into a broader outcome area. 21. The author recommends SMART most probably because ______. A. he is a trainer for a major company B. it is a tool well supported by theory C. the readers need it for their future life D. teens are big dreamers but not doers 22. Xiao Ming, an average high school student, writes the following goal for the new semester: My goal is to raise my scores above 90（out of 100） in all my classes this semester because getting good scores will help me get into a good college. Which two criteria of SMART are seriously missing in Xiao Ming’s goal statement? A. Relevant, Measurable. B. Specific, Attainable. C. Measurable, Attainable. D. Relevance, Timely. 23. According to the guide’s Where to Start, which is the most important factor to consider? A. The sense of responsibility. B. The measurement of success. C. A good knowledge of tasks. D. The right level of goals. B I talked with a friend recently who is overwhelmed by her workload. She asked me what tips I might have for her around time management. That question surprised me. I’ve never thought of myself as someone with great time management skills, mostly because I tend to avoid rigid productivity systems, believing that they limit creativity. It wasn’t until we parted that it hit me. I don’t focus on time management, but on energy management. Somewhere along the way, I learned that the time something takes is secondary to energy. I would argue that you could work six hours on a task that gives you energy and feel fresh and ready for what’s next. Or, you could spend three hours on a tiring and unfulfilling task and need to check out for the rest of the day. I’m a fan of making lists and getting things crossed off the list. But maturity has taught me that satisfaction comes not from crossing things off the list, but intentionality about what goes on the list. If everything on the list is an energy waste, how will it feel to get those things done? Russ Hudson, a teacher, said something recently that blew the doors open for me on this concept. He spoke about the energy of frustration (懊恼), but it could be applied to any negative emotion. He said that frustration is an addictive emotion because it causes us to be stressed. Hudson said, “Life force gets trapped in frustration.” So that extensive energy I spend being frustrated is trapping life force energy that might go to more useful, productive, creative pursuits. In a world that often focuses on getting the most out of every hour, it’s about time we should change our focus. We should pay attention to how our energy changes throughout the day, and learn how to create, use, and save it. It’s not hard to start thinking this way. We just need to be more aware of ourselves and make careful choices. 24. Why is the author’s friend mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To lead in the topic. B. To clarify a definition. C. To present a common phenomenon. D. To share a personal experience. 25. What is the author’s core argument about productivity? A. Completing tasks quickly guarantees satisfaction. B. Making task lists lays the foundation for achievements. C. Energy management matters more than time management. D. Strict time management systems are essential for success. 26. According to Russ Hudson, why is frustration problematic? A. It wastes time that could be used for work. B. It makes people ignorant of their limitations. C. It leaves people trapped in their comfort zone. D. It stops people pursuing something meaningful in life. 27. What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Ways to reduce negative emotions in work. B. The relationship between energy and creativity. C. The disadvantages of focusing on time management. D. Examples of managing energy through awareness and choices. C Chinese scientists have created starch (淀粉), a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants, using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity. Experts say if such technique can be scaled-up (大规模) to the level of industrialization, it may revolutionize how this key nutrient and industrial ingredient is made, since it does not require farming and processing a large quantity of starchy crops such as sweet potatoes and corn, thus saving more water, fertilizer, and arable land. It may also be used to recycle carbon dioxide into a consumable product. This will help reduce carbon emissions and fight climate change, especially if the electricity used is from renewable sources like solar and wind. In space exploration it may provide a sustainable food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space and try to colonize other planets where growing food is impossible. Future space travelers may simply turn the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food they eat. Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, says starch and other complex carbohydrates make up 60 to 80 percent of the human diet. “Our breakthrough demonstrates that creating a complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab, and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology,” he says. Plants create carbohydrates like starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is an extremely complex process, says Ma, adding that it will take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch. Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, says for six years, his team has been focusing on a single project: how to make starch, but do it at a higher speed. He says their method involves first converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas into methanol (甲醇). Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules like a puzzle into bigger and more complex molecules via enzymatic (酶的) processes. With the help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch making process from about 60 into 11 steps and produced starch. Thellab-made starch is chemically identical to starch in nature. 28. Which is NOT a potential benefit if the technique can be used on an industrial level? A. It will have a positive influence on climate change. B. It will help produce renewable resources such as solar and wind. C. It will offer a practical food solution for astronauts. D. It will help save several sources from water to farming land. 29. Which might be the biggest difficulty in creating the lab-made starch? A. Making starch faster. B. Collecting enough raw materials. C. Repeating the photosynthesis of plants. D. Involving methanol in the making process. 30. What’s the best title for the passage? A. Starch, an important complex carbohydrate. B. The great benefits of starch. C. Chinese scientists successfully turn carbon dioxide into starch. D Chinese scientists make contributions to climate change. 31. In which part of a newspaper could you most probably read the text? A. Science. B. Lifestyle. C. Environment. D. Health. D Debate about artificial intelligence (AI) tends to focus on its potential dangers: algorithmic bias (算法偏见) and discrimination, the mass destruction of jobs and even, some say, the extinction of humanity. However, others are focusing on the potential rewards. Luminaries in the field such as Demis Hassabis and Yann LeCun believe that AI can turbocharge scientific progress and lead to a golden age of discovery. Could they be right? Such claims are worth examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance to fears about large-scale unemployment and killer robots. Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely hailed as panaceas (万灵药). But the mechanism by which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis. In the 17th century microscopes and telescopes opened up new vistas of discovery and encouraged researchers to favor their own observations over the received wisdom of antiquity (古代), while the introduction of scientific journals gave them new ways to share and publicize their findings. Then, starting in the late 19th century, the establishment of research laboratories, which brought together ideas, people and materials on an industrial scale, gave rise to further innovations. From the mid-20th century, computers in turn enabled new forms of science based on simulation and modelling. All this is to be welcomed. But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries, by allowing people and ideas to mingle in new ways and on a larger scale. AI, too, has the potential to set off such a transformation. Two areas in particular look promising. The first is “literature-based discovery” (LBD), which involves analyzing existing scientific literature, using ChatGPT-style language analysis, to look for new hypotheses, connections or ideas that humans may have missed. The second area is “robot scientists”. These are robotic systems that use AI to form new hypotheses, based on analysis of existing data and literature, and then test those hypotheses by performing hundreds or thousands of experiments, in fields including systems biology and materials science. Unlike human scientists, robots are less attached to previous results, less driven by bias—and, crucially, easy to replicate. They could scale up experimental research, develop unexpected theories and explore avenues that human investigators might not have considered. The idea is therefore feasible. But the main barrier is sociological: it can happen only if human scientists are willing and able to use such tools. Governments could help by pressing for greater use of common standards to allow AI systems to exchange and interpret laboratory results and other data. They could also fund more research into the integration of AI smarts with laboratory robotics, and into forms of AI beyond those being pursued in the private sector. Less fashionable forms of AI, such as model-based machine learning, may be better suited to scientific tasks such as forming hypotheses. 32. Regarding Demis and Yann’s viewpoint, the author is likely to be ______. A. supportive B. puzzled C. unconcerned D. doubtful 33. What can we learn from the passage? A. LBD focuses on testing the reliability of ever-made hypotheses. B. Resistance to AI prevents the transformation of scientific practice. C. Robot scientists form hypotheses without considering previous studies. D. Both journals and labs need adjustments in promoting scientific findings. 34 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Official standards have facilitated the exchange of data. B. Performing scientific tasks relies on government funding. C. Less popular AI forms might be worth paying attention to. D. The application of AI in public sector hasn’t been launched. 35. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Transforming Science. How Can AI Help? B. Making Breakthroughs. What Is AI’s Strength? C. Reshaping History. How May AI Develop Further? D. Redefining Discovery. How Can AI Overcome Its Weakness? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____36____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____37____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____38____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____39____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____40____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For schools in or near the path of the April 8’s total eclipse (日全食) , the event has inspired lessons in science, literacy and culture. Some schools are also organizing group ____41____ for students to experience the awe of daytime ____42____ and learn about the astronomy behind it together. The school system in Portville, New York, near the Pennsylvania line, plans to____43____ its 500 7th - through 12th-grade students onto buses and drive about 15 minutes into the ____44____, to an old horse barn overlooking a ____45____. There, they will be able to ____46____ the shadow of the eclipse as it arrives around 3:20 pm EST. It requires ____47____ the hours of the school day to remain in session, but Superintendent Thomas Simon said staff did not want to____48____ on the learning opportunity, especially at a time when students experience so much of life through screens. “We want them to leave here that day____49____ they’re a very small part of a pretty magnificent planet that we live on, and the world that we live in, and that there are some real _____50_____ things that we can experience in the natural world,” Simon said. In _____51_____ future science teachers, University at Buffalo professor Noemi Waight has encouraged her student teachers to incorporate how culture _____52_____ the way people experience an eclipse. Native Americans, for example, may view the total eclipse as something _____53_____, she said. “This is important for our teachers to _____54_____,” she said, “so when they’re teaching, they can address all of these _____55_____.” 41. A. meetings B. viewings C. findings D. writings 42. A. temperature B. schedule C. observation D. darkness 43. A. guide B. push C. load D. transfer 44. A. corner B. background C. garage D. path 45. A. canal B. platform C. valley D. garden 46. A. cast B. approach C. trace D. cross 47. A. interrupting B. rearranging C. dividing D. treasuring 48. A. miss out B. catch up C. follow up D. cut down 49. A. predicting B. commenting C. feeling D. confirming 50. A. reasonable B. accidental C. confusing D. amazing 51. A. accompanying B. training C. assessing D. testing 52. A. explores B. shapes C. starts D. fixes 53. A. common B. predictable C. familiar D. sacred 54. A. understand B. compare C. complete D. defend 55. A. elements B. dilemmas C. definitions D. exhibitions 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分。满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following a public vote ___56___ more than 37,000 people had their say, we’re pleased to announce that the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024 is ‌“brain rot”. ‌“Brain rot” refers to ‌“the supposed worsening of a person’s mental or intellectual state, ___57___ (especial) viewed as the result of over ___58___ (consume) of material (now particularly online content) considered to be unimportant or unchallenging. Also: something characterized as likely to lead to such worsening”. Our experts noticed that ‌“brain rot” gained new prominence this year as a term ___59___ (use) to capture concerns about the impact of consuming excessive amounts of low-quality online content ___60___ people’s thinking abilities. The term ___61___ (increase) in usage frequency by 230% in the last two years. The first recorded use of ‌“brain rot” ___62___ (find) in 1854 in Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden, which reports his experiences of living a simple lifestyle in the natural world. ___63___ (draw) his thought-provoking conclusions, Thoreau finally criticizes society’s tendency to devalue complex ideas, or those that can be interpreted in multiple ways, in favor of simple ones, and sees this as indicative of ___64___ general decline in mental and intellectual effort: ‌“ ____65____ England is trying to cure the potato rot, why not try to cure the brain-rot-which prevails so much more widely and fatally?” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 为了进一步提升学生强身健体的意识，你校英文报正举办以“I Love Sports”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你从事运动的相关经历； 2.你最喜爱的运动项目； 3.运动给你带来的好处。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a gloomy afternoon, with dark clouds hanging low in the sky, making the already old-fashioned campus seem even more deserted. After the last class of the day, I walked across the campus with my close classmate, Tom. As we neared a quiet corner beside the old library, a series of faint meowing sounds (猫叫声) pierced the stillness. Our curiosity piqued, we exchanged a glance and immediately traced the source of the noise. Behind a messy stack of old boxes we discovered a minuscule, emaciated cat. Its once-soft fur was now caked with dirt, and its small body trembled ever so slightly, a clear indication that it had suffered from days of hunger and cold. A profound sense of pity welled up within us. Tom bent down slowly, his hand extended gently, his voice soft as he tried to lead the frightened animal out. At first, the cat was frightened, its wide-eyed gaze fixed on us in fear. But gradually, after a few moments of cautious sniffing (嗅), it timidly stepped out from its hiding spot. We knew we couldn’t abandon this helpless creature. Tom proposed taking it to the school infirmary (医务室), believing the school doctor might be able to assess its condition. I nodded in instant agreement, yet a tinge of worry crept in as we pondered how the school authorities would respond to us bringing a cat into the infirmary. Just at that moment, Lily, a classmate with a kind heart and a skill of animal care, happened to pass by. The moment she laid eyes on the pitiful cat in our arms, her expression softened. She informed us that she had experience in dealing with stray (走失的) animals and eagerly offered her assistance. With Lily on board, our determination to save the cat grew tenfold. We held the cat gently and made our way towards the infirmary, filled with hope and a touch of nervousness. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$