重难点04 动词及动词短语-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（上海专用）

重难点04 动词及动词短语 动词是英语语言中的第一大词，是组成句子的“骨架”，所以中考预测将会继续加强对动词和动词词组的考查。最近几年英语中考对动词及动词短语的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 词义辨析及对动词的理解。 2. 动词短语的搭配及短语的辨析。 做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系进行判断等，平时一定要特别注意这方面的积累。 （建议用时：40分钟） 1．（24-25九年级上·上海·阶段练习）The success of our project ________ the teamwork of all the members in our group. A．puts on B．goes on C．depends on D．turns on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们项目的成功取决于我们团队中所有成员的合作。 考查动词短语。puts on穿上；goes on继续；depends on取决于；turns on打开。根据“The success of our project... the teamwork of all the members in our group.”可知，此句表达成功取决于我们团队中所有成员的合作。depends on“取决于”，动词短语。故选C。 2．（2023·上海静安·一模）One aim in middle school education is to let students ________ abilities of independent learning. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．to developing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中学教育的一个目标是培养学生自主学习的能力。 考查非谓语动词。let是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故选A。 3．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）The roast beef tastes so __________. May I have one more piece, mum? A．well B．softly C．delicious D．terrible 【答案】C 【详解】句意：烤牛肉尝起来真好吃。妈妈，我可以再吃一块吗？ 考查词义辨析。well好地，副词；softly轻声地；delicious美味的；terrible糟糕的。taste是感官动词，后接形容词，排除A和B选项。根据“May I have one more piece”可知，还想再要一块，说明牛肉好吃，故选C。 4．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）If we can ________ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A．come across B．get over C．come over D．get off 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们能克服目前的困难，那么一切都会好起来的。 考查动词短语。come across偶然遇见；get over克服；come over过来；get off离开。根据“everything should be all right”并结合选项可知，此处指克服目前的困难。故选B。 5．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The staff are asked to smile ________ every customer entering the store. A．at B．to C．for D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：店员被要求对每一位进店的顾客微笑。 考查介词辨析。at在……时刻；to朝；for为了；with和。根据“The staff are asked to smile…every customer”可知，此处指对每一位顾客微笑，smile at sb.“对某人微笑”。故选A。 6．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）On Halloween, if adults don’t give children candies, children can play tricks ________ them. A．for B．with C．of D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在万圣节，如果大人不给孩子们糖果，孩子们就可以捉弄他们。 考查介词辨析。for为了；with和；of……的；on在……上。play tricks on sb.“捉弄某人”，为固定搭配。故选D。 7．（2025·上海金山·一模）Carl decided to ________ early in the morning to beat the traffic and enjoy the scenic journey. A．set off B．take off C．turn off D．switch off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：卡尔决定一大早就出发，避开交通拥堵，享受沿途风景优美的旅程。 考查动词短语辨析。set off出发，启程；take off起飞；turn off关掉；switch off关掉。根据句意可知，卡尔是为了避开交通拥堵，享受沿途风景优美的旅程，决定一大早就“出发”，故选A。 8．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）They _________ on a journey round the world after the matter was settled. A．looked out B．turned out C．set out D．set up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：事情解决后，他们开始了环球旅行。 考查动词短语。looked out向外看；turned out结果是；set out开始……，出发；set up建立。根据“They...on a journey round the world after the matter was settled.”可知，事情解决后他们开始环球旅行。set out意为“开始，出发”，符合语境。故选C。 9．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）Coal ________ a kind of fuel to run trains. A．is used to B．is used to being C．is used as D．use for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：煤被用作驱动火车的一种燃料。 考查动词短语。is used to被用来，后接动词原形；is used to being习惯了；is used as被用作；use for用于。Coal“煤”，不可数名词，谓语应用三单形式；根据“Coal…a kind of fuel to run trains.”的语境可知，此处指煤被用作驱动火车的一种燃料，且空后的“a kind of fuel”是名词短语，所以C项符合。故选C。 10．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）Mary was at the airport with a bag in hand, the rest of her luggage_________ in the trolley. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玛丽在机场手里拿着一个包，她其余的行李都在手推车里。 考查主谓一致。根据“the rest of her luggage”可知，luggage是不可数名词，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式。又根据前句的时态可知，该句用一般过去式表达，则后句的谓语动词应该用is的过去式was。故选C。 11．（21-22九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）His teacher agreed ________ him ________ for the basketball contest. A．let, enter B．to let, enters C．to let, enter D．letting, entering 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的老师同意让他参加篮球比赛。 考查非谓语动词。agree to do sth“同意做某事”，可排除AD选项；let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，可排除B选项。故选C。 12．（22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The boss made his workers ________ 12 hours a day, which was against the law. A．to work B．working C．worked D．work 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老板让他的工人每天工作12个小时，这是违法的。 考查非谓语动词。to work动词不定式；working动名词或现在分词；worked过去式或过去分词；work动词原形。根据“made his workers”可知，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，make是使役动词，后面的不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to。故选D。 13．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）They ________ help then. They managed to do it by themselves. A．didn’t need any B．didn’t need to C．needn’t any D．didn’t need to any 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当时他们不需要任何帮助。他们自己设法做到了。 考查need的用法。根据“They...help then”可知此处help是名词，故need在此处是实义动词，need sth“需要某物”；结合“managed”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以变否定句时借助助动词didn’t，后加动词原形need，否定句中用any。故选A。 14．（22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The coffee here doesn’t taste as ________ as it used to be. A．deliciously B．more delicious C．delicious D．more deliciously 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这里的咖啡不像以前那么好喝了。 考查形容词原级。deliciously美味地，副词原级；more delicious更美味的，形容词比较级；delicious美味的，形容词原级；more deliciously更美味地，副词比较级。as…as中间接形容词或副词原级，taste是连系动词，后接形容词，故选C。 15．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）The plan for the 14th birthday celebration in the hall sounds ________. A．greatly B．wonderfully C．kindly D．lovely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在大厅里庆祝14岁生日的计划听起来不错。 考查词汇辨析。greatly非常地，极大地；wonderfully很好地；kindly亲切地，温和地，仁慈地；lovely可爱的，迷人的；令人愉快的，美好的。sounds是感官系动词，其后应跟形容词作表语，四个选项只有D是形容词，其它三项都是副词。故选D。 16．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The dumplings they offered us tasted ________. We all wanted to have some more. A．delicious B．awful C．well D．wonderfully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们给我们吃的饺子味道很好。我们都想再来点。 考查形容词和副辨析。delicious形容词，美味的；awful形容词，糟糕的；well副词，令人满意地；wonderfully副词，非常，极好地。感官动词tasted后应接形容词，根据“We all wanted to have some more.”可知，饺子是好吃的。故选A。 17．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）The workers hardly hurt themselves in the accident, ________? A．do they B．did they C．don’t they D．didn’t they 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工人们在事故中几乎没有受伤，是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。句子为反意疑问句，遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则；根据“hardly”可知，附加疑问句为肯定形式；陈述句陈述过去的事实，时态应为一般过去时，再根据陈述句谓语动词hurt可知，助动词应用did；用they代替主语The workers。故选B。 18．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）They are very tired. Let them _______ a rest. A．stop having B．to stop having C．stop to have D．to stop to have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们非常疲惫，让他们停下来休息。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。let sb. do sth.让某人做某事；stop to do sth.表示停下来去做另一件事，stop doing sth.表示停止正在做的事。根据“They are very tired”可知这里表示停下来去休息，故用stop to do sth.。故选C。 19．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期中）—Mom, I want to buy some novels. —Before choosing a book, you’d better ________ some pages to know whether it’s easy or hard for you. A．look through B．look for C．look at D．look up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我想买些小说。——在选择一本书之前，你最好先浏览几页，看看它对你来说是容易还是难。 考查动词短语辨析。look through浏览；look for寻找；look at看；look up查阅。根据“Before choosing a book, you’d better...some pages to know whether it’s easy or hard for you.”可知，在买小说之前先浏览几页，故选A。 20．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）It’s the sort of work that ________ a high level of concentration. A．calls for B．makes up C．likes in D．stands for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是一种需要高度集中注意力的工作。 考查动词短语。calls for需要；makes up组成；likes in错误表达；stand for代表。根据“a high level of concentration.”可知，应该说这是需要高度集中注意力的工作。故选A。 21．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ________ on the radio yesterday. A．turned out B．found out C．given out D．carried out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：市长来我们学校参观的消息昨天在广播中发布了。 考查动词短语。turn out结果是；find out查明；give out公布；carry out执行。根据“The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was...on the radio”可知市长来学校参观的消息在广播中发布了。故选C。 22．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）You should really ________ smoking. It’s a terrible habit. A．grow up B．pick up C．give up D．get up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你真的应该戒烟。这是一个很糟糕的习惯。 考查动词短语的辨析。grow up 长大；pick up 捡起；give up 放弃；get up 起床。根据空前“smoking”以及空后“It’s a terrible habit.”可知，吸烟是个糟糕的习惯，应该放弃吸烟，所以选give up。故选C。 23．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The fisherman has ________ 500 yuan ________ the bucket. A．bought … for B．spent ... in C．cost... on D．paid … for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：渔夫为这个桶支付了500元。 考查动词短语。bought…for表示“为……买了……”，bought后跟sb，for后跟sth；spent…in表示“花费……在……上”，in后跟doing sth；cost…on表示“花费……在……上”，主语是物；paid…for表示“为……支付……”。根据“The fisherman has... 500 yuan ...the bucket”可知，主语是人，指为桶支付了500元，故选D。 24．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The students ________ on an autumn trip to Forest Park last Monday morning. A．set off B．went off C．set up D．turned off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上周一上午，学生们出发去森林公园进行秋季旅行。 考查动词短语。set off出发；went off爆炸，进行；set up建立；turned off关闭。根据“The students ... on an autumn trip to Forest Park last Monday morning.”可知，此处指的是学生们出发去旅行。故选A。 25．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：塑料被用来制造许多东西。 考查被动语态及非谓语动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”；used to do表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”。根据“Plastic”可知塑料被用来做东西，应用be used to do sth.，主语“Plastic”是不可数名词，需用单数形式“is”，故选C。 26．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）They said goodbye and set off for home. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “set off”? A．set out B．turn off C．set up D．put off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们道了别就动身回家了。下面哪个单词与“set off”的意思最接近？ 考查动词短语辨析。set out出发；turn off关闭；set up立、设置；put off推迟。“Set off”在此句中意为“出发，动身”，与“set out”意思最接近，均表示开始旅程或行动。故选A。 27．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）For our next holiday plan, Mum suggested ________ in the mountains. A．hike B．to hike C．hiking D．hiked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对于我们下一个假期计划，妈妈建议在山里徒步旅行。 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配suggest doing sth.表示“建议做某事”，要用动名词形式“hiking”。故选C。 28．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）We can try to put old things to good use instead of just __________. A．putting them off B．turning them down C．taking them out D．throwing them away 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们可以试着把旧东西好好利用，而不是把它们扔掉。 考查动词短语。putting off推迟；turning down拒绝；taking out取出；throwing away扔掉。根据“We can try to put old things to good use instead of...”可知，应是好好利用旧物品而不是扔掉，故选D。 29．（2025·上海普陀·一模）Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师一直鼓励我们在他的课堂上问问题。 考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 30．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The team has no choice ________ to stay late at the office to finish the project. A．and B．for C．but D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个团队除了待在办公室完成项目外别无选择。 考查动词短语。and和；for为了；but但是；or或者。根据“The team has no choice … to stay late at the office”可知，此处应指别无选择，只能待在办公室完成项目，have no choice but to do“除了……别无选择”。故选C。 31．（2025·上海长宁·一模）A thief broke ________ the shop in our neighborhood last night and stole several expensive items. A．into B．by C．for D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨晚，一个小偷闯入了我们附近的商店，偷走了几件贵重物品。 考查介词辨析。into在里面；by被；for为了；with和。根据“A thief broke...the shop”可知，此处表示小偷“闯入商店”，“broke into”意为“闯入、破门而入”。故选A。 32．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）We ________ early in the morning in order to catch the first bus to the town. A．set up B．set for C．set off D．set on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了赶上第一班去镇上的公共汽车，我们一大早就出发了。 考查动词短语。set up建立；set for为……而安排；set off出发；set on开始，着手。根据“...early in the morning in order to catch the first bus to the town.”可知，此处指出发去赶公交车。故选C。 33．（2023·上海·中考真题）The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists. A．for B．with C．of D．about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：研究小组由三代科学家组成。 考查介词辨析。for为了；with和；of……的；about关于。consist of“由……组成”，固定短语。故选C。 34．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）The teacher as well as the students _________ interest in the outdoor sports. A．is B．are C．show D．shows 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师以及学生们对户外运动表现出兴趣。 考查主谓一致及动词短语。show interest in“对……表现出兴趣”，固定短语，排除A、B选项；根据“The teacher as well as the students”可知，as well as连接的两个主语，谓语动词的数遵循“就远原则”，最远的主语是The teacher，动词用第三人称单数。故选D。 35．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）Hardly could he ________ this amount of work in such a short time. A．get through B．get off C．get into D．get down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他几乎不能在如此短的时间内完成这么大量的工作。 考查动词短语辨析。get through完成；get off离开，逃脱；get into进入，陷入；get down下来。根据“this amount of work in such a short time.”可知，是指完成工作。故选A。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点04 动词及动词短语 动词是英语语言中的第一大词，是组成句子的“骨架”，所以中考预测将会继续加强对动词和动词词组的考查。最近几年英语中考对动词及动词短语的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. 词义辨析及对动词的理解。 2. 动词短语的搭配及短语的辨析。 做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系进行判断等，平时一定要特别注意这方面的积累。 （建议用时：40分钟） 1．（24-25九年级上·上海·阶段练习）The success of our project ________ the teamwork of all the members in our group. A．puts on B．goes on C．depends on D．turns on 2．（2023·上海静安·一模）One aim in middle school education is to let students ________ abilities of independent learning. A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．to developing 3．（23-24九年级上·上海静安·期中）The roast beef tastes so __________. May I have one more piece, mum? A．well B．softly C．delicious D．terrible 4．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）If we can ________ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. A．come across B．get over C．come over D．get off 5．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The staff are asked to smile ________ every customer entering the store. A．at B．to C．for D．with 6．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）On Halloween, if adults don’t give children candies, children can play tricks ________ them. A．for B．with C．of D．on 7．（2025·上海金山·一模）Carl decided to ________ early in the morning to beat the traffic and enjoy the scenic journey. A．set off B．take off C．turn off D．switch off 8．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）They _________ on a journey round the world after the matter was settled. A．looked out B．turned out C．set out D．set up 9．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）Coal ________ a kind of fuel to run trains. A．is used to B．is used to being C．is used as D．use for 10．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山·开学考试）Mary was at the airport with a bag in hand, the rest of her luggage_________ in the trolley. A．is B．are C．was D．were 11．（21-22九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）His teacher agreed ________ him ________ for the basketball contest. A．let, enter B．to let, enters C．to let, enter D．letting, entering 12．（22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The boss made his workers ________ 12 hours a day, which was against the law. A．to work B．working C．worked D．work 13．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）They ________ help then. They managed to do it by themselves. A．didn’t need any B．didn’t need to C．needn’t any D．didn’t need to any 14．（22-23九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The coffee here doesn’t taste as ________ as it used to be. A．deliciously B．more delicious C．delicious D．more deliciously 15．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）The plan for the 14th birthday celebration in the hall sounds ________. A．greatly B．wonderfully C．kindly D．lovely 16．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The dumplings they offered us tasted ________. We all wanted to have some more. A．delicious B．awful C．well D．wonderfully 17．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）The workers hardly hurt themselves in the accident, ________? A．do they B．did they C．don’t they D．didn’t they 18．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）They are very tired. Let them _______ a rest. A．stop having B．to stop having C．stop to have D．to stop to have 19．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期中）—Mom, I want to buy some novels. —Before choosing a book, you’d better ________ some pages to know whether it’s easy or hard for you. A．look through B．look for C．look at D．look up 20．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）It’s the sort of work that ________ a high level of concentration. A．calls for B．makes up C．likes in D．stands for 21．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ________ on the radio yesterday. A．turned out B．found out C．given out D．carried out 22．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期中）You should really ________ smoking. It’s a terrible habit. A．grow up B．pick up C．give up D．get up 23．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The fisherman has ________ 500 yuan ________ the bucket. A．bought … for B．spent ... in C．cost... on D．paid … for 24．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The students ________ on an autumn trip to Forest Park last Monday morning. A．set off B．went off C．set up D．turned off 25．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 26．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）They said goodbye and set off for home. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “set off”? A．set out B．turn off C．set up D．put off 27．（24-25九年级上·上海黄浦·期末）For our next holiday plan, Mum suggested ________ in the mountains. A．hike B．to hike C．hiking D．hiked 28．（2024·上海奉贤·一模）We can try to put old things to good use instead of just __________. A．putting them off B．turning them down C．taking them out D．throwing them away 29．（2025·上海普陀·一模）Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class. A．ask B．asking C．to ask D．asked 30．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）The team has no choice ________ to stay late at the office to finish the project. A．and B．for C．but D．or 31．（2025·上海长宁·一模）A thief broke ________ the shop in our neighborhood last night and stole several expensive items. A．into B．by C．for D．with 32．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期末）We ________ early in the morning in order to catch the first bus to the town. A．set up B．set for C．set off D．set on 33．（2023·上海·中考真题）The research group consisted ________ three generations of scientists. A．for B．with C．of D．about 34．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）The teacher as well as the students _________ interest in the outdoor sports. A．is B．are C．show D．shows 35．（22-23九年级·上海杨浦·自主招生）Hardly could he ________ this amount of work in such a short time. A．get through B．get off C．get into D．get down 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$