Unit 3 单元达标检测3(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

(时间：100分钟　满分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner，experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. Walk 1—The Natural World With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide，this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs. Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 09：00 Start Point：Scratoes Bridge Walk Duration：6 hours Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 09：00 Start Point：Deerpark Car Park Walk Duration：5 hours Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars Walking at night­time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch(手电筒)along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. Date and Time：Saturday，1st October，at 18：30 Start Point：The Town Hall Walk Duration：3 hours Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well­surfaced forest path. Date and Time：Sunday，2nd October，at 11：45 Start Point：Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area Walk Duration：1.5 hours 【语篇解读】　应用文。本文主要介绍了卡洛秋季步行节给新手、有经验的或高阶的徒步者提供的四条徒步旅行线路的基本信息。 1．Which walk takes the shortest time? A．The Natural World. B．Introduction to Hillwalking. C．Moonlight Under the Stars. D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据四条线路中的 Walk Duration 部分的信息我们可以得知，四条线路的徒步时长分别为6 小时、5 小时、3小时和1.5 小时。故 Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest 用时最短。故选D。 2．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do? A．Wear proper clothes. B．Join a walking club. C．Get special permits. D．Bring a survival guide. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars中的“A torch(手电筒)along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.”可知，穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加该活动，即参加 Walk 3 的徒步者需要穿着合适的衣服。B项“加入徒步俱乐部”；C项“获得特别许可证”；D项“携带生存指南”。故选A。 3．What do the four walks have in common? A．They involve difficult climbing. B．They are for experienced walkers. C．They share the same start point. D．They are scheduled for the weekend. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据四条线路中的 Date and Time 部分的信息可知，四项活动的举办时间都是在周六或者周日，A项“它们涉及困难的攀爬”；B项“它们是为有经验的徒步者举办的”；C项“它们有共同的起点”；D项“它们被安排在周末”。故选D。 B I was a scientist long before I was a photographer; I worked mainly on marine conservation issues.As much as I loved the research，for really driving change，the statistics didn't quite do the trick.I began to write and take photographs and in a few months，I had reached more people and achieved more than I had in the last five or six years with my research.Very quickly I had this aha moment: maybe I can make a greater impact through photographs than through statistics. In the last few years，climate change has become one of the most covered conservation stories on our planet.It's really grabbed the media's attention.But the biggest issue is how you visualize that.How do you，as a photojournalist，make a set of images that shows something is going to happen in maybe 10，20，30，40，50 years? Without being able to visualize it，how are you going to get someone to actually care? The Galapagos Islands are situated in a really dynamic location.They're sitting at the confluence (交汇处) of four different ocean currents，at the central point of climatic extremes.Every five to ten years，there are extreme climatic events in the Galapagos called El Nino，where the ocean warms，rainfall increases and the sea level rises.As a result，the Galapagos provide a natural occurrence that is remarkably similar to many of the factors scientists anticipate in their climate predictions. By looking at the impacts of these El Nino cycles，you're almost in a time machine.Of course，the Galapagos have this incredibly iconic animal and plant life.It's probably the most well­known national park on our planet，and people are incredibly familiar with these creatures.By traveling and working in the Galapagos Islands during one of these El Nino，I was hoping to capture (拍摄) images that would show some of the impacts that the rest of the world might expect，if we keep operating on the“business as usual” principle. 【语篇解读】　记叙文。作者从科学研究转向海洋摄影，希望以更直观、更有影响力的方式讲述全球气候变化的故事。 4．What drove the author to shift from research to photography? A．A passion for marine life. B．A need for personal leisure. C．A desire to reach a wider audience. D．A decreased interest in data collection. 解析　C　细节理解题。由第一段的内容可知，作者虽然很喜欢研究工作，但他发现研究并没有带来实质性的改变，反而是开始写作和摄影之后接触到了更多的人，获得了比研究更多的收获，所以他转而投身摄影领域，希望更多的人关注海洋保护问题。 5．Why is visualizing climate change a challenge for photojournalists according to the author? A．Most photojournalists lack the necessary equipment. B．There is a shortage of education and training in this area. C．Climate change is difficult to be demonstrated through photography. D．The impact of photography on climate issues is generally undervalued. 解析　C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“But the biggest issue is how...50 years？”可推知，气候变化的问题很难视觉化反映出来，摄影记者无法用照片展示几十年后发生的事情。 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly suggest? A．El Nino may affect scientists' climate predictions. B．El Nino may help people better understand climate change. C．The Galapagos may offer solutions for dealing with climate change. D．The Galapagos may serve as a natural lab for climate­related phenomena. 解析　D　推理判断题。由第三段中的“As a result...anticipate in their climate predictions.”可知，本段介绍了加拉帕戈斯群岛的地理位置和频繁的极端气候事件，主要是为了说明这座群岛提供了许多与科学家在气候预测中预期的非常相似的自然现象，因而可能作为一个自然实验室，用于研究与气候相关的现象。 7．Why did the author photograph the Galapagos Islands during the El Nino cycles? A．To give an idea of possible future climate change effects. B．To prepare marine conservation research data. C．To document iconic animals and plants. D．To promote tourism in the Galapagos. 解析　A　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“By traveling and working...‘business as usual’principle.”可知，作者选择在厄尔尼诺现象期间前往加拉帕戈斯群岛是为了展示如果我们依然我行我素，世界可能会面临的气候变化带来的潜在后果。 C (2024·重庆高二检测)Any image taken from space confirms that we live on an ocean planet.How strange that we call our planet “Earth” derived from a Germanic word meaning “the ground” when more than 70 percent of its surface is covered by ocean. We need more people to see the sea.Right now，less than 3 percent of the ocean is considered highly protected.Experts urge that at least 30 percent be protected to safeguard marine(海洋的) ecosystems，which in turn will help protect our health and well­being.The ocean supplies more than half of our oxygen，absorbs carbon dioxide，regulates our climate，and supports much of the world's economy.We need it a lot more than it needs us. Take Florida，for example，one of the United States' recreational hot spots.It's bordered by the Florida Reef Tract，North America's only living coral barrier reef and the third largest in the world.Home to more than 500 species of fish，the reef is also essential to the Sunshine State's economy，generating an estimated $1.1 billion annually in tourism.The reef buffers(保护) the coastline，too，since healthy coral reefs absorb 97 percent of a wave's energy.Three­quarters of Florida's people live along the coast，and the Florida Reef Tract provides more than $650 million in combined economic activity and flood protection. A November 2022 study from the University of Miami has found that 70 percent of Florida's coral reefs are experiencing a net loss of reef habitats.Directly facing these concerns is what I mean by seeing the sea—the good，the bad，the important.Knowledge is power，and we can use it to inform our choices，from traveling more mindfully，to examining how we run our businesses，to voting.“No one can do everything，but everyone can do something，” Sylvia Earle，oceanographer and National Geographic Explorer at Large，is fond of saying. The ocean is a remarkable teacher，and it's never too late to start learning. 【语篇解读】　议论文。地球表面的70%以上都被海洋覆盖。作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解给我们带来健康和福祉的海洋，从而保护海洋。 8．What does the sea do for us humans? A．The sea changes our climate. B．The sea controls carbon dioxide for us. C．The sea produces all the oxygen we need. D．The sea provides economical benefits for us. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“The ocean supplies more than half of our oxygen，absorbs carbon dioxide，regulates our climate，and supports much of the world's economy.We need it a lot more than it needs us.(海洋为我们提供了一半以上的氧气，吸收二氧化碳，调节气候，并支撑着世界大部分经济。比起它需要我们，我们更需要它。)”可知，海洋为我们提供经济效益。故选D。 9．What does the writer suggest? A．Traveling more，learning more. B．Running our business creatively. C．Raising awareness of conservation. D．Doing some voting before actions. 解析　C　推理判断题。由倒数第二段第二句和第三句可知，作者建议我们面对所有的问题，用知识指导选择，谨慎旅游，核查企业经营模式等。综上可推断，要提高环保意识。故选C。 10．Where is the passage probably from? A．A Science fiction. B．A news report. C．A travel journal. D．A natural magazine. 解析　D　文章出处题。根据第二段前两句以及全篇内容可知，作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解海洋，保护海洋。因此推断文章可能选自自然杂志，故选D。 11．What is a suitable title for the text? A．To Hug the Ocean Tightly B．To Learn the Ocean Devotedly C．To Clean the Ocean Carefully D．To Love the Ocean Permanently 解析　B　标题归纳题。作者通过举例分析，呼吁人们了解给我们带来健康和福祉的海洋，从而保护海洋。因此推断B项“一心一意地了解海洋”适合作为文章标题，故选B。 D (2024·汉中高二检测)The ocean is critical to all oxygen­dependent life.But life is also critical to the ocean.The ocean produces so much oxygen because of ocean plants，which draw down CO2 and change it into carbon­based sugars and oxygen.Ocean plants are climate change heroes! There is now a wide recognition of the role of ocean life in slowing climate change. On many Pacific islands，whales support tourism economies.While concerned about the impacts of climate change on whales，we also need to recognize that whales can contribute to fighting climate change！Through their deep dives，vast migrations，long lifespan(寿命)，and large bodies，whales have an enormous effect on the ocean. Whales both help ocean plants to draw down CO2 and help to store carbon in the ocean.Firstly，they provide essential nutrients that enable ocean plants to grow.Whales' waste is a fertilizer，bringing nutrients from the depths，where whales feed，to the surface，where plants need these nutrients to grow well.Migratory whales also bring nutrients with them from highly­productive feeding grounds to the nutrient­poor waters of whales' breeding grounds，boosting the growth of ocean plants across the ocean. Secondly，whales keep the carbon locked in the ocean，out of the atmosphere，where it could otherwise contribute to climate change.Ocean plants produce carbon­based sugars，but with a very short lifespan.They can't store the carbon.When they die，much carbon is released in surface waters，and can be changed back to CO2.Whales，however，can live for over a century，feeding on food chains that begin with the sugars in these tiny plants，and storing up the carbon in their bodies.When whales die，deep ocean life feeds on their remains，and the carbon formerly stored in whales' bodies can enter sediment(沉淀物).When carbon reaches deep ocean sediment，it is effectively locked away，and therefore unable to drive climate change.This carbon is unlikely to return as CO2 in the atmosphere. Several Pacific island countries are already leaders in whale conservation，having declared whale sanctuaries in their waters.Every year，whales socialize，breed，and give birth in Pacific island waters. 【语篇解读】　说明文。文章指出生命对海洋至关重要，并且讲述了鲸鱼对海洋和环境的重要性。 12．How do surface ocean plants get nutrients for growth? A．From whales' waste. B．From the whales' bodies. C．From the sunlight. D．From ocean sediment. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whales' waste is a fertilizer，bringing nutrients from the depths，where whales feed，to the surface，where plants need these nutrients to grow well.(鲸鱼的排泄物是一种肥料，将营养物质从鲸鱼觅食的深处带到水的表面，植物需要这些营养物质才能生长良好。)”可知，鲸鱼的粪便是一种肥料，海面上的植物需要这些营养来很好地生长。故选A。 13．Why are ocean plants unable to store the carbon? A．They lack nutrients for growth. B．They never absorb carbon­based sugars. C．Carbon­based sugars can't be generated by them. D．The carbon in them is released after their death. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ocean plants produce carbon­based sugars，but with a very short lifespan.They can't store the carbon.When they die，much carbon is released in surface waters，and can be changed back to CO2.(海洋植物生产碳基糖，但寿命很短。它们无法储存碳。当它们死亡时，地表水中会被释放进大量的碳，并可以转化回二氧化碳。)”可知，海洋植物的寿命很短，它们体内的碳在它们死后释放出来。故选D。 14．What does the underlined word “sanctuaries” in the last paragraph mean? A．Shelters. B．Imports. C．Markets. D．Amusements. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句“Several Pacific island countries are already leaders in whale conservation，having declared whale sanctuaries in their waters.”可知，几个太平洋岛国在鲸鱼保护方面已经达到领先水平，并公布了他们水域的鲸鱼保护区。根据语境可知，sanctuaries意为“避难所；庇护所”。shelter避难所，庇护所；import进口，进口商品；market市场；amusement娱乐。故选A。 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The importance of oceans to climate. B．The bad effects of CO2 to climate change. C．The role of whales in slowing climate change. D．The importance of oceans to all oxygen­dependent life. 解析　C　主旨大意题。文章主要阐述了鲸鱼在减缓气候变化的进程方面的作用。故选C。 第二节(共5小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·大连高二检测)Like space exploration，deep sea exploration requires new instruments and technology.The ocean depths are cold and dark and are under high pressure. 16 ． Finding the Bottom In the 8th century，lead weights which were attached to ropes were dropped to measure water depth.Beginning in the 19th century，researchers used wire rather than rope to take sounding measurements.In the modern era，acoustic (声学的) depth measurement devices are widely used. 17 ． Human Exploration Once people knew where the sea floor was， 18 ．Science has progressed way beyond the diving bell，a huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water.The first submarine was built by Cornelius Drebbel in 1620.The first underwater breathing device was invented in 1865.In 1964，Alvin was tested.Alvin was built by General Mills and operated by the US Navy.Alvin allowed three people to remain underwater for as long as nine hours and as deep as 14，800 feet.Modern submarines can travel as deep as about 35，000 feet. Robotic Exploration While humans have visited the bottom of the Mariana Trench， 19 ．Further exploration relies on modern robotic systems.Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are controlled by researchers on a ship.ROVs typically carry cameras，manipulator (操作) arms，sonar equipment，and sample containers.Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) operate without human control. 20 ．Some vehicles，such as the Nereus，act as either a ROV or AUV. A．But diving deep never ends B．Humans are curious about the sea C．they have made a lot of discoveries D．they wanted to visit and examine it E．the trips only allowed limited exploration F.Basically，they produce a loud sound and listen for echoes to measure distance G．They generate maps，measure temperature and chemicals，and take photographs 【语篇解读】　说明文。人类对深海的探索从未停止过，人类利用了各种方式来探测深海的底部有多深。 16．解析　A　根据前文“The ocean depths are cold and dark and are under high pressure.”以及后文“In the 8th century，lead weights which were attached to ropes were dropped to measure water depth.”以及“Science has progressed way beyond the diving bell，a huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water.”可知，尽管深海又黑又冷，但是人类一直在尝试各种方式去探测深海，故选A。 17．解析　F　根据前文可知，研究者们通过测量声音来判断海底的深度，选项F中的“a loud sound”与前文的“take sounding measurements”相对应，故选F。 18．解析　D　根据后文可知，人们发明和创造了很多东西来帮助自己去探索深海，因此可知人们对于深海是充满了兴趣和好奇的，一旦确定深海在哪，他们一定去看看深海是怎么样的。 故选D。 19．解析　E　根据后文“Further exploration relies on modern robotic systems.”可知，人类探索的能力有限，更进一步的探索需要借助现代的机器人系统，故选项E说明了人类探索的局限性，同时引出下文借助机器人系统来探索的重要性。故选E。 20．解析　G　根据前文可知，遥控操控的潜水器携带摄像机、机械臂、声呐设备和样本容器，自主水下航行器不受人的控制自行运转；故能够实现诸如拍照等多种功能，故选项G符合语意。故选G。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2024·太原高二下月考)Sam，the four­legged superhero，works to keep a park in Santiago clean.The dog's superpower? Collecting garbage as a 21 for visitors. Sam，who takes regular 22 in Santiago's park with his owner，has become 23 ，wearing a green cape (披风) in a comic (连环画) to work as an educational guide. It 24 when Sam and Gonzalo Chiang had to stop again and again in the city's largest green area to 25 plastic bottles，cans and food packages.“On Sam's walks，we began to find a lot of 26 ，” Chiang said.“From there，the 27 to take away the garbage that we found on each visit became apparent.The walk is a good opportunity to 28 ，rather than litter，” Chiang said. Park officials were impressed and decided to use Sam's 29 in its park care campaign.They turned Sam into a cartoon in Sam: The Parquemet Superhero， 30 visitors to take their waste with them or use 31 points found along the path.“This became much more 32 than expected，” Aravena said.“It reached different schools and has spread very well on social media.” The 33 launched anti­litter campaigns last year urging drink vendors (摊主) to switch from plastic cups to glass ones and started 34 garbage into separate bins. “Sam and Gonzalo have 35 us to accelerate (加快) this education process and structure this garbage classification，” said Eduardo Villalobos，the park's acting director. 【语篇解读】　记叙文。文章讲述了四条腿的超级英雄萨姆在圣地亚哥的一个公园里打扫卫生的故事。 21．A.cultural icon B．role model C．helper D．worker 解析　B　根据“Sam，the four­legged superhero，works to keep a park in Santiago clean.”可知，山姆在公园收集垃圾为游客树立了榜样。故选B。 22．A.breaks B．hikes C．walks D．vacations 解析　C　 根据“On Sam's walks”可知，是和主人在公园散步。故选C。 23．A.brave B．famous C．busy D．kind 解析　B　根据“wearing a green cape (披风) in a comic (连环画) to work as an educational guide.”可知，山姆很有名。故选B。 24．A.failed B．started C．appeared D．continued 解析　B　根据“when Sam and Gonzalo Chiang had to stop again and again in the city's largest green area”可知，事情开始于山姆和主人捡公园垃圾时。故选B。 25．A.set aside B．pay for C．put away D．pick up 解析　D　A．set aside放一边；B.pay for支付；C.put away收好；D.pick up捡起。根据“Sam，the four­legged superhero，works to keep a park in Santiago clean.”可知，山姆捡垃圾。故选D。 26．A.grass B．people C．garbage D．equipment 解析　C　根据“plastic bottles，cans and food packages”可知，路上很多垃圾。故选C。 27．A.challenge B．need C．chance D．doubt 解析　B　根据“take away the garbage that we found on each visit ”可知，需要带走垃圾。故选B。 28．A.think B．relax C．clean D．explore 解析　C　根据“take away the garbage that we found on each visit ”可知，散步是捡垃圾清洁的好机会。故选C。 29．A.image B．ability C．identity D．popularity 解析　A　根据“They turned Sam into a cartoon in Sam”可知，使用山姆的形象。故选A。 30．A.helping B．telling C．permitting D．inviting 解析　B　根据“They turned Sam into a cartoon in Sam”可知，用漫画山姆形象告诉游客随身携带垃圾。故选B。 31．A.washing B．parking C．recycling D．observing 解析　C　根据“points found along the path.”可知，让游客们使用沿途的回收点。故选C。 32．A.interesting B．important C．beneficial D．widespread 解析　D　根据“It reached different schools and has spread very well on social media.”可知，情况普遍传播。故选D。 33．A.park B．school C．government D．market 解析　A　根据“launched anti­litter campaigns last year urging drink vendors (摊主) to switch from plastic cups to glass ones ”可知，公园发起反垃圾运动。故选A。 34．A.turning B．breaking C．delivering D．sorting 解析　D　根据“garbage into separate bins”可知，把垃圾分类。故选D。 35．A.inspired B．required C．reminded D．persuaded 解析　A　“山姆和贡萨洛激励我们加快教育进程，并组织垃圾分类，”公园代理主任爱德华多·比利亚洛沃斯说。 根据“ accelerate (加快) this education process and structure this garbage classification”可知，山姆激励大家加快教育进程。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·厦门高二下期中)Jiangxi Province has taken many measures to protect finless porpoises(江豚)，36.________ have faced dramatic changes in their living environment as Poyang Lake，China's largest freshwater lake，suffered a severe drought. The species，37.________ (list) as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature，now lives only along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The number of finless porpoises 38.________ (drop) significantly in the past few years，with only 457 39.________ (live) in Poyang Lake. As the water level dropped to less than 12 meters，the lake officially entered this year's dry season on August 6，40.________ (early) than at any time since records began in 1951.Severe drought has reduced the lake by 75 percent.This change will 41.________ (undoubted) increase the risk of the finless porpoises hitting boats and also result 42.________ a food shortage for the porpoises. Wang Liang，who works for the provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi，said the province has released 43.________ total of 200 million fish，shrimps (虾) and crabs into the waters 44.________ (enrich) the food supply and more than 2，000 45.________ (volunteer) have been trained to rescue the species. 【语篇解读】　说明文。文章主要说明了由于中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖遭遇严重干旱，江豚的生存环境发生了巨大变化，江西省已经采取了许多措施来保护江豚。 36．解析　which　句意：由于中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖遭遇严重干旱，江豚的生存环境发生了巨大变化，江西省已经采取了许多措施来保护江豚。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词finless porpoises，在从句作主语，故填which。 37．解析　listed　句意：这种被国际自然保护联盟列为极度濒危的物种，现在只生活在长江中下游。分析句子结构可知list与逻辑主语species构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填listed。 38．解析　has dropped　句意：在过去的几年里，江豚的数量急剧下降，目前只有457只生活在鄱阳湖。根据后文in the past few years可知为现在完成时，主语为The number of finless porpoises，故填has dropped。 39．解析　living　句意：在过去的几年里，江豚的数量急剧下降，目前只有457只生活在鄱阳湖。此处为with的复合结构，且457与live为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填living。 40．解析　earlier　句意：随着水位下降到不足12米，8月6日，该湖正式进入今年的旱季，比1951年有记录以来的任何时候都早。根据后文“than at any time since records began in 1951”可知为比较级。故填earlier。 41．解析　undoubtedly　句意：这种变化无疑会增加江豚撞船的风险，也会导致江豚的食物短缺。修饰动词increase应用副词，故填undoubtedly。 42．解析　in　句意：这种变化无疑会增加江豚撞船的风险，也会导致江豚的食物短缺。短语result in表示“导致”。故填in。 43．解析　a　句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2 000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。短语a total of表示“总共”。故填a。 44．解析　to enrich　句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2 000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。分析句子结构可知enrich在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to enrich。 45．解析　volunteers　句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2 000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。根据上文more than 2，000可知可数名词应用复数。故填volunteers。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 你校将以六月八日“世界海洋日”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．海洋的重要性； 2．保护海洋的倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Our Oceans，Our Responsibility June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Our Oceans，Our Responsibility June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.It aims to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans. It goes without saying that oceans play a critical role in the world.Not only do they provide abundant resources and food for us，but they are also crucial for the global climate development.Additionally，oceans are “the lungs of our planet”，providing most of the oxygen we breathe. As high school students，it's our responsibility to protect them.First of all，do what we can to make a difference.For example，stop throwing garbage into oceans.In addition，call on people around us to take action，too.I believe we will have cleaner oceans. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Trust “Settle down！” Mr.Taylor was trying to calm the boys with a loud voice.The moment they entered the gym and saw the climbing walls towering over them，the boys got excited and started making noises.But Stevie was an exception，who was standing aside looking at his thin arms silently.Stevie didn't like climbing.It wasn't his thing.Getting along with people wasn't his thing，either.He just felt nobody liked or trusted him at school. Then came the coach，who taught the boys some basic skills.He said everyone should have a climbing partner and showed them how to belay (保护) their partner.“If you are a climber，trust your belayer and challenge yourself.Belayers，please remember that your partner's life depends on you.” The moment he finished，the boys couldn't wait to match themselves with a partner except Stevie，who was left alone wandering around the gym.Noticing his embarrassment，Mr.Taylor raised his voice and said，“I need someone I can really trust to team up with！” He looked around.Then his gaze fell upon Stevie.“How about you，Stevie? Would you like to be my belayer？” “Me？” Stevie widened his eyes，surprised to hear Mr.Taylor even say his name.He had thought he was invisible.“I guess，” Stevie managed a weak smile. Nervous as he was，he plucked up courage.“It doesn't matter who gets to the top first.It's about giving it a go.” Hearing Mr.Taylor's words，Stevie gritted (咬紧牙关) his teeth and moved up slowly，his face pressed against the rough surface.“Done it！” Stevie finally called from the top with excitement.Then Mr.Taylor started to let him down through a perfect control of the rope.“Well done，” said Mr.Taylor when Stevie landed on the floor. Now it's Stevie's turn to control the rope.Bearing in mind his responsibility，Stevie carefully watched as Mr.Taylor climbed up，pulling in the rope hand over hand.He felt his heart racing wildly.Finally，Mr.Taylor arrived at the top.“Ready to let me down now？” said Mr.Taylor.“Okay，” Stevie took a deep breath，his palms sweating uncontrollably. 注意：1.续写的词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 As Stevie loosened the grip，the rope slipped through his hand much faster than expected. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly，the boys burst into wild applause and yelled encouragement at them. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 As Stevie loosened the grip，the rope slipped through his hand much faster than expected. Suddenly，Mr.Taylor dropped like a stone.Stevie let out a little scream.The picture of Mr.Taylor hitting the ground flashed over his mind.He quickly gripped the rope，bringing Mr.Taylor to a sudden stop.Regretful and cautious，Stevie looked up and saw Mr.Taylor wearing a smile and encouraging him with an inspiring gesture，which made him less nervous.Then he restarted loosening the grip slowly.Finally，Mr.Taylor dropped smoothly down to the bottom and signaled to Stevie with a thumb up.“You made it！” Suddenly，the boys burst into wild applause and yelled encouragement at them. When Mr.Taylor stepped forward and gave Stevie a big hug，a ripple of excitement and pride ran through him.From that day on，Stevie opened his heart to the people around him.He made new friends at school.He even fell in love with climbing where he was regarded as a trustworthy teammate.Grateful to Mr.Taylor，he knew deep down in his heart that it was his teacher's trust that allowed him to embrace his new self and others. 【导语】　本篇文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了在攀岩馆里，孩子们被要求自行配对练习，而不善交际的男孩Stevie显得格格不入，尴尬地在场馆晃荡。Mr.Taylor察觉到了这一切，就巧妙地邀请Stevie与他搭档，Stevie有了很大的改变，他学会了信任与挑战自我，真正实现自我突破。 【详解】 1．段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写Stevie因为紧张握不紧绳子，绳子快速下降就意味着Taylor有摔下来的危险；由第二段首句内容“突然，男孩们爆发出热烈的掌声，高声鼓励他们。”可知，第一段段尾可描述在Taylor的鼓励下Stevie设法控制住了绳子，Taylor安全着陆。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写Taylor安全着陆后与Stevie的互动以及Stevie的感受；第二段段末可描述Stevie的变化与自我突破以及对Taylor的感激。 2．续写线索：在鼓励与信任下设法控制住绳索—Taylor安全着陆—感到兴奋自豪—实现自我突破—感激鼓励与信任。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$