Unit 2 Section 1(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

[对应知能达标训练P12] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Every worker will be entitled(使享有权利) to four weeks' paid holiday on a yearly basis. 2．Only with joint(共同的) efforts can we build a low­carbon society. 3．I take Li Shizhen as my icon，who explored numerous forests to search for useful herbs(药草). 4．Living near a bakery(面包房)，the salesman always has easy access to newly baked bread. 5．We were going to have a barbecue (烧烤)，but we had to cancel it because of terrible weather. 6．Relieved，I decided to keep this lesson in mind forever and always be straightforward(坦率的). 7．The experience laid a solid foundation (基础) for his teaching career. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．To build (build) a scholarly campus，I'm writing to call on everyone to spend more time in reading books. 2．Shops are closed，and few bakeries (bakery) are open where people lined up to get their bread. 3．With our knowledge based on practice，we can make great contributions(contribute) to our society. 4．It is acknowledged that reading lays a solid foundation(found) for further learning. 5．I am convinced(convince) that this speech will convince many students to pay attention to safety. 6．Having submitted my final paper，I breathed (breath) a sigh of relief. 7．Located(locate) on Jianshe Road，the scenic People's Park is a perfect destination for picnic. 8．With reference(refer) to table manners，I want to give you some suggestions and hope that they will be helpful to you. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式升级 1．一方面，我想追求我梦想中的职业，但另一方面，我又害怕冒险和离开我的舒适区。 On the one hand，I want to pursue my dream career，but on the other hand，I am afraid of taking risks and leaving my comfort zone． 2．我们相信这位慷慨的商人愿意赞助这项活动。 We are convinced that this generous businessman is willing to sponsor this activity. 3．最让我高兴的是他们的艺术才华是惊人的。 他们的绘画才能给我留下了深刻的印象。 What pleases me most is that their artistic talent is extremely shocking.I am deeply impressed by their talent for painting. 4．常言道：“勤能补拙。” As the saying goes，“Diligence can make up for a lack of intelligence.” 5．He wrote many children's books，and nearly half of them were published in the 1990s. →He wrote many children's books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s．(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) Ⅳ.课文语法填空 I am going to visit my friend in Australia over the school holidays.Having already done some research on the country，I know Australia 1.is located(locate) to the south of the equator.There are some iconic sites and unique animals，2.but what interests me most is meeting people there and experiencing 3.their(they) culture，food，and way of life. Since I arrived，I 4.have tasted(taste) many different kinds of food with my friend，so my first 5.impressions(impress) of Australia have been all about food！In Katherine，a town in Australia's Northern Territory，I have learned about the life and customs of the Aborigines，6.who are native to Australia and have witnessed their influence on the country's culture. After 7.staying(stay) here for some time，the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation leaves the 8.deepest(deep) impression on me.Immigrants contributed a lot to the new cultural influences. 9．Personally(personal) speaking，the straightforward and free­and­easy attitude towards life，and their friendliness and warmth are 10.what I like most. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·长沙长郡中学二模)To much of the world，bullfighting has always been distinctly Iberian.But these days，parts of France are laying claim to this tradition.From the Cte Basque to the arenas of Arles and Beziers，it has spread to towns where bullfighting has long been banned，and been embraced with such enthusiasm you'd think the sport had been born there. The rising passion for blood and sand has been resisted by animal­rights activists.Last month someone set off a bomb near the bullring in Carcassonne.Yet France's enthusiasts fiercely defend their right to these moral rituals.Bullfighting，they insist，is part of the heritage，an expression of a shared regional culture that should be protected. The rest of the Continent should take note.The paradox (自相矛盾) of an ever­more­united Europe is that as borders between member states become less important，so do the nations themselves—and regional identities are valued.It's easy to forget that most European nation­states were created as we know them only during the 19th century，after a long series of bloody conflicts.“If the chances of war had been a little different，all the regions sharing bullfight might have been together，” argues Jean Michel Mariou，a huge fan of bullfighting.“On both sides of the Pyrenees there are Basques，there are Catalans，there are common cultures，” he says.“Bullfighting is only one expression of it.” Bullfighting isn't the only cultural tradition that has begun to go beyond borders，of course.To name but one other: the Celtic revival，built largely around musical groups along the coast of Ireland，Scotland and Cornwall，Brittany and Normandy.But while bagpipes (风笛) may stir the blood，they don't spill it.And the violence of bullfighting horrifies many people who don't feel they share in its culture. “The concept of lasting local tradition doesn't mean anything anymore，” says Josyane Wuerelle，coordinator of the Federation de Liasions Anti­Corrida in Agde.“Bullfighting is about attracting tourists，not honoring local history，” she argues.Robert Marge doesn't see it that way，of course.He recently declined an invitation to organize a bullfighting in Paris's enormous Stade de France.“We didn't want to sell our souls by bringing bullfight to a region where it doesn't exist，” he explains.But he has also got the sense to know that some traditions don't travel well. 【语篇解读】　说明文。文章主要说明了对世界上很多地方来说，斗牛一直是伊比利亚独有的。但如今，法国的部分地区正在坚持这一传统。但因此引发了一场关于斗牛运动的论战，文章说明了不同的人对此的不同看法。 1．What can we learn about bullfighting from the first two paragraphs? A．It is legal in France. B．It will boom tourism in France. C．It has become popular in France. D．It is part of the heritage of France. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“From the Cte Basque to the arenas of Arles and Beziers，it has spread to towns where bullfighting has long been banned，and been embraced with such enthusiasm you'd think the sport had been born there.”可知，斗牛的传统已传播到对这项活动禁止了很长时间的一些城市，也就是说斗牛在法国越来越盛行。 2．What can we infer according to Jean Michel Mariou? A．Shared cultures could bring people together. B．The continent of Europe is more united than ever. C．Bullfighting is a popular culture in many regions. D．Regions sharing bullfight were separated by wars. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“If the chances of war had been a little different，all the regions sharing bullfight might have been together.”可推知，共享斗牛的地区被战争分开了。 3．Why did Robert Marge refuse to organize a bullfight in Paris? A．It ignores animal rights. B．It honors local tradition. C．It is intended for money. D．It is too violent for Paris. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第五段“‘We didn't want to sell our souls by bringing bullfight to a region where it doesn't exist，’ he explains.But he has also got the sense to know that some traditions don't travel well.”可推知，Robert Marge拒绝在巴黎组织斗牛是出于尊重当地的传统的原因。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Fight over Bullfight B．Culture or Violence C．Bullfight and Tourism D．Passion for Blood and Sand 解析　A　标题归纳题。根据第二段及通读全文可知，本文主要说明了对世界上很多地方来说，斗牛一直是伊比利亚独有的。但如今，法国的部分地区正在坚持这一传统。但因此引发了一场关于斗牛运动的论战，文章说明了不同的人对此的不同看法。由此可知，A选项“斗牛大战”最符合文章标题。故选A。 B (2024·昆明期末)Sleep is an important biological process for people and animals.But some mammals(哺乳动物)like the northern elephant seal，survive with much less sleep. Researchers in a new study described the unusual sleep pattern of these ocean animals.They found that when these mammals go to feed on trips that can last seven months，they sleep just two hours.Those two hours of sleep are made up of short moments of rest lasting only 10 minutes each as they dive deep to avoid predators(天敌). The seals' sleep time during ocean trips is different from the 10 hours a day they spend sleeping on the coast during mating season at places like California's Ano Nuevo beach. The researchers placed a head covering with sensors(传感器) on the heads of the seals that they studied.The sensors recorded sleep signals created by the seals' brains and heart rate.The sensors also recorded the animals' location and depth beneath the sea.The researchers studied female seals because they go out on long open­ocean trips while males feed in coastal waters. During dives lasting about 30 minutes，the seals went into a deep sleep called slow­wave sleep while keeping a controlled downward movement.When they then experienced rapid­eye­movement (REM) sleep，a condition where voluntary movement while sleeping stops，the seals fell into a turning pattern.They sometimes ended up without movement on the seafloor. Terrie Williams，a scientist at the University of California who helped write the study，said，“It is remarkable that a wild animal will fall into deep REM sleep when there are predators on the hunt.” She added that the seals solve this problem by going into deep sleep in the deep parts of the oceans where predators usually do not hunt them. 【语篇解读】　说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现北方象海豹睡眠时间很少并且睡眠模式也有所不同。 5．What is considered unusual for northern elephant seals during feed on trips? A．Resting for two hours on end every day. B．Diving deep to escape their predators. C．Having a 10­minute sleep 12 times a day. D．Spending 10 hours sleeping on the beach. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，北方象海豹在觅食途中，每天只睡两个小时，而且这两个小时的睡眠是由短暂的休息组成的，每次只持续10分钟。由此可知，北方象海豹在觅食途中，每天睡12次，每次10分钟，一天共睡两小时。 6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．What to study in the research. B．How the research is carried out. C．When to locate seals' location. D．Where male seals hunt for food. 解析　B　主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，本主要介绍了研究人员是如何进行这项研究的。 7．What happens during the seals' slow­wave sleep? A．They keep moving downward. B．They remain still in the ocean. C．They fall into a turning pattern. D．They move their eyes rapidly. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“During dives lasting about 30 minutes，the seals went into a deep sleep called slow­wave sleep while keeping a controlled downward movement.”可知，海豹进入慢波睡眠时，会保持有控制的向下运动。 8．What does Terrie think of the seals' sleep pattern? A．Unbelievable. B．Impractical. C．Terrible. D．Admiring. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，Terrie认为海豹的睡眠模式非常了不起、令人难以置信。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·临沂期末)Sharon，in her mid­sixties，has been coming to the adult swim class from the first day I started working at the pool.While everyone else in the class 1 their favorite stroke (泳姿)，swimming lazily back and forth，Sharon and I steal a (n) 2 of the pool to work on her biggest 3 ，the back float.Try after try she would either roll over onto her 4 ，or sink to bottom like a rock. “Don't worry，” I'd always say to her，“You'll 5 it one day.” She would always 6 at me，dreaming that one day she would 7 　be able to do the task that she had been working so hard on for almost two years. One Saturday，half of the 8 had gone by when I heard my name being called.“Matt，” she 9 across the pool，arm whipping back and forth trying to get my attention，“Watch this！” It was one of the most 10 sights I have ever seen.Sharon was lying back on the water，arms and legs spread out， 11 ．As she lay there for a 12 ten seconds，face above the water，a disbelieving laugh 13 her body. Even though Sharon had been working on such a 14 thing for almost two years，she had taught me that no amount of 15 could replace patience，willpower and hard work. 【语篇解读】　记叙文。文章主要讲述了六十多岁的Sharon花了将近两年的时间才学会仰泳，作者从她身上学到了，没有任何技能可以取代耐心、意志力和努力学习。 1．A.works on B．prepares for C．decides on D．registers for 解析　A　由下文“their favorite stroke (泳姿)，swimming lazily back and forth，”可知，班上其他同学都在忙着练习他们最喜欢的划水动作，故选A。 2．A.corner B．ticket C．entrance D．center 解析　A　由上文“Sharon and I steal”可知，莎伦和我悄悄地来到游泳池的一个角落，故选A。 3．A.regret B．strength C．victory D．challenge 解析　D　由下文“Try after try”可知，她一遍遍尝试，来完成她最大的挑战，故选D。 4．A.surface B．front C．back D．legs 解析　B　由上文“the back float”可知，她在努力学习仰泳，但一遍遍的尝试后没有成功，要不就是翻转过来，身体前面朝下，要么像石头一样沉到底部。 5．A.get B．see C．try D．put 解析　A　由下文“it one day”可知，此处指掌握仰泳这项技能，故选A。 6．A.stare B．smile C．come D．whisper 解析　B　由下文“dreaming that one day she would 7 be able to do the task that she had been working so hard on for almost two years”可知，在我鼓励她后，她应该是对我微笑，梦想着自己有一天学会仰泳，故选B。 7．A.temporarily B．patiently C．finally D．gradually 解析　C　由上文“one day”和下文“be able to do the task that she had been working so hard on for almost two years.”可知，她梦想着有一天终将完成她努力了将近两年的任务，故选C。 8．A.presentation B．labor C．introduction D．class 解析　D　由上文“While everyone else in the class”可知，此处指班级里的学生，故选D。 9．A.traveled B．ran C．marched D．shouted 解析　A　由下文“across the pool，”可知，她在游泳池里移动，故选A。 10．A.beautiful B．relaxing C．romantic D．demanding 解析　A　由下文“Sharon was lying back on the water，arms and legs spread out”可知，莎伦刻苦训练，最终学会了仰泳，我觉得那是我见过的最美丽的景象之一。 11．A.floating B．swinging C．sinking D．struggling 解析　A　由上文“Sharon was lying back on the water，arms and legs spread out”可知，莎伦学会了仰泳漂浮，故选A。 12．A.random B．curious C．strong D．dull 解析　C　由下文“ten seconds，face above the water”可知，她面朝水面躺在那里多达十秒钟。 13．A.burned B．escaped C．dropped D．built 解析　B　由上文“a disbelieving laugh”可知，她发出一阵笑声，故选B。 14．A.rare B．tough C．simple D．great 解析　C　由上文“Even though”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然莎伦已经为这样一件简单的事情付出了将近两年，但她教会了我一些道理。故选C。 15．A.energy B．skill C．determination D．belief 解析　B　由下文“could replace patience，willpower and hard work”和莎伦花了两年时间来练习仰泳可知，没有任何技能可以取代耐心、意志力和努力学习。 故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$