Unit 12 单元达标检测12(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

(时间：100分钟 满分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WELCOME TO THE VIRTUAL REALITY CINEMA AMSTERDAM World's First Reality Cinema Going to the VR CINEMA offers you the opportunity to watch movies like you've never done before.You can see 360 degree movies using a VR headset.In the VR CINEMA，ringing mobile phones and noisy visitors belong to the past.Furthermore，traditional red cinema chairs or the big white screen are nowhere to be found.Instead，a Samsung Galaxy S6 (smart phone) together with the Samsung Gear VR (virtual reality glasses) transports you to a wholly new world.Headphones shut out background noise，and above all，offer super sound quality.Turning chairs allow you to freely look around and see what's happening above，below，behind，in front，on the right and on the left side of you.So no sore neck，we promise. In the VR CINEMA，you will experience 30 minutes of the coolest virtual reality films.We proudly present four film selections in different themes in order to please every virtual reality lover.Are you brave enough for our scary films? Will you lose yourself in VR documentaries from around the globe? Do you prefer to go on an adventurous journey like no other? Or do your kids want to swim with dolphins，interact with magical characters，and experience the moving stories beyond imagination? Supernatural，Documentary，Journey and Fun are waiting for you! For kids，young and older ones，there's the cheerful and colorful selection.The only thing you have to do is sit back，relax and enjoy the VR experience of your choice. Location：Oosterdokskade 5，1011 AD Amsterdam，The Netherlands Tel：＋31(0) 627006916 Email：mail@thevrcinema.com Ticket Price：￡12.5 Opening hours：Wednesday，Thursday&Friday：14：00－21：00 Saturday & Sunday：12：00－22：00 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了VR影院的一些特点以及与传统影院之间的区别，目的是吸引大家去VR影院。 1．What is the VR CINEMA like? A．It has a big white screen. B．It is full of noisy visitors. C．It is equipped with red chairs. D．It offers 360 degree movies. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“You can see 360 degree movies using a VR headset.”可知，VR影院提供360度电影。故选D。 答案　D 2．What can you do in the VR CINEMA? A．Join the swimming club. B．Experience the touching unimaginable stories. C．Act as magical characters. D．Lose yourself in VR documentaries only from America. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Or do your kids want to swim with dolphins，interact with magical characters，and experience the moving stories beyond imagination？”可知，你可以在VR电影院里体验难以想象的感人故事。故选B。 答案　B 3．What's the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce new VR films. B．To present VR film schedules. C．To report development of VR films. D．To attract people to the VR CINEMA. 解析　推理判断题。文章主要说明了VR影院的一些特点以及与传统影院之间的区别，由此可推知，文章的主要目的是吸引大家去VR影院。故选D。 答案　D B The United States is a nation of car owners.Ninety­five percent of households own a car，and 85 percent of people get to work in one.This lifestyle contributes to congestion on our roads and damages the environment.As autonomous vehicles begin to hit the streets over the next decade or so，it's believed that all this will change. Autonomous vehicles will most likely decrease the number and severity of crashes，allow cars to travel more closely together and improve cooperation between vehicles，all of which tend to reduce traffic jams and increase capacity. However，this future is not assured.To realize the full potential benefits of driverless cars，we will have to act soon to encourage a culture in which transportation is shared.Many people in the automobile industry assume that driverless vehicles will automatically be shared，but there is little evidence that this is true.Most estimates suggest that driverless cars will eventually be only slightly more expensive than traditional cars，which means they'll be within reach of many consumers，so users are not willing to share rides. If most people are going to buy into a shared­ride culture，they need to get a significant benefit.Saving a few dollars off the fare isn't likely to promote the movement dramatically.A better benefit would be knowing that you're going to reach your destination more quickly.The way to guarantee quick passage is to redesign our roads to give priority to ride­sharing autonomous vehicles like building priority lanes.The cost of travel will also be varied based on how efficiently a vehicle uses the roads.Autonomous vehicles carrying multiple people should get higher priority than those carrying one or none at all. Decisionmakers must push for incentives that encourage the most efficient use of our limited roadway infrastructure (基础设施).The autonomous future is rapidly approaching; it is critical that we act now，while the impacts of autonomous vehicles on traffic jams and emissions are still largely within our control. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自动驾驶汽车可以缓解交通堵塞。 4．What's the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To tell the severe traffic problem. C．To prove the necessity of autonomous vehicles. D．To show the damage of cars to the environment. 解析　推理判断题。第一段先提到美国汽车拥有量大，加剧了交通堵塞，破坏环境；该段最后一句是引起下文关于自动驾驶汽车话题。故选A。 答案　A 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Autonomous vehicles worsen traffic jams on roads. B．Autonomous vehicles are likely to reduce traffic jams. C．Saving some fares contributes to shared­ride significantly. D．Many people have ridden autonomous vehicles to avoid traffic jams. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，自动驾驶汽车可能会减少交通堵塞。故选B。 答案　B 6．Which will be a benefit of sharing autonomous vehicles? A．To save a large amount of money. B．To promote the development of science and technology. C．To redesign roads to prioritize car­shared modes. D．To allow you to reach your destination much more quickly. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Saving a few dollars off the fare isn't likely to promote the movement dramatically.A better benefit would be knowing that you're going to reach your destination more quickly.”可知，共享自动驾驶汽车会带来的更大的好处是，可以让你更快到达目的地。故选D。 答案　D 7．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Driverless Cars Will Make Our Traffic Problems Worse B．Autonomous Vehicles Will Make a Difference to Traffic C．Decisionmakers Should Take Some Measures Quickly D．The Current Situation of Cars in the United States is Serious 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车可以缓解交通堵塞，共享自动驾驶汽车可以让人们更快到达目的地。故选B。 答案　B C (2024·江苏阶段练习)Nowadays，the world is slowly becoming a high­tech society and we are now surrounded by technology.Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e­mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail.Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness，and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. Social media，texting and e­mail all make it much easier to communicate，gather and pass information.But they also present some dangers.By removing any real human engagement，they enable us to develop our abnormal self­love without the risk of disapproval or criticism theatrical metaphor (隐喻)，these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we create our own characters，hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets，status updates and texts.This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives，where we are imperfect，powerless and insignificant.In essence，we have been provided not only the means to be more free，but also to become new，to create and protect a more perfect self to the world.As we become more reliant on these tools，they become more a part of our daily routine and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. So it is that we live in a cold era，where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness，where working relationships occur only through the magic of e­mail and where love can start or end by text message.An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person? Doubtful.It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations，as if he could continually push the limits of what's acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life”． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了新型通信工具如何影响人们的行为和认知，电子邮件等高科技通信方式便利了沟通，但也可能让人隐藏缺点、产生错误心理认知，甚至挑战现实世界的规则与极限。 8．The author compares e­mail with snail mail to show ． A．the influence of high­tech on our life B．the history of different types of mails C．the value of traditional communications D．the rapid development of social media 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e­mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail.(Facebook和Twitter是创新工具；短信仍然是一种存在的现象，与我们悠久的蜗牛邮件历史相比，即使是电子邮件也只是屏幕上的一个亮点。)”和第二段“Social media，texting and e­mail all make it much easier to communicate，gather and pass information.(社交媒体、短信和电子邮件都让交流、收集和传递信息变得更加容易。)”可知，随着科技的进步，人们传递信息和沟通更加方便，这种比较突出了高科技如何改变我们的生活方式和沟通方式。故选A。 答案　A 9．What can we know about new communication tools? A．Destroying our life totally. B．Posing more dangers than good. C．Helping us to hide our faults. D．Replacing traditional letters. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“By removing any real human engagement，they enable us to develop our abnormal self­love without the risk of disapproval or criticism theatrical metaphor (隐喻)，these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we create our own characters，hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets，status updates and texts.(通过消除任何真正的人类参与，它们使我们能够发展出异常的自爱，而不会有遭到反对或批评的风险。这些新的交流形式提供了一个舞台，我们可以在这个舞台上创造自己的角色，隐藏在推特、状态更新和文本这些看不到的墙后面。)”可知，新的通信工具让我们更容易隐藏真实的自己并且维持一个更完美的自己，由此可推出它们在一定程度上帮助我们隐藏了自己的不足。故选C。 答案　C 10．What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools? A．Sheltering us from virtual life. B．Removing face­to­face interaction. C．Leading to false mental perception. D．Making us rely more on hi­tech media. 解析　细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations，as if he could continually push the limits of what's acceptable without facing the consequences of ‘real life’．(他似乎迷失在一个幻想世界中，最终说服自己相信数字自我可以遵守不同的规则和条例，就好像他可以在不面临‘现实生活’后果的情况下不断突破可接受的极限。) ”可知，新型通信工具会让人们可能陷入一种虚拟世界而逐渐忘记自己的现实生活，这种错误的认知可能会导致人们对自己的行为和决策产生误导，做出一些不合理的事情。故选C。 答案　C 11．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A.Technologies have changed our relationships. B．The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits. C．Love can be better conveyed by text message. D．The digital self need not take responsibility. 解析　推理判断题。由文章第三段以及下段可知，这里主要讲述了新的通信工具使得人们的沟通跨越了时间和距离，这使得人际关系简化为纯粹的数字交流，此外，人们还有可能因为迷失在虚拟世界而产生错误的认知影响现实世界，故由此可推出，科技推动通信工具的进步也逐渐改变了人们的沟通交流方式，从而科技改变了人们之间的关系。故选A。 答案　A D (2024·南阳高二下阶段练习)Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel，a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond. The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China's Chang'e­5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel.Initially，they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation，the two rich resources on the moon，according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule. After analyzing the Chang'e­5's lunar soil，the team found the sample contained metal­rich substances，which could work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide.The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts' life support system into oxygen and hydrogen.The process was powered by sunlight.The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel，also catalyzed by the lunar soil，according to the study.The researchers said with this method，no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base. “We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload，and our strategy provides a　scenario　for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth，” said the paper's first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University，expressing his assumption. “The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth，” said the researchers.They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design.The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China's future manned lunar missions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可能具有生成氧气和燃料的潜力，这一发现意味着人类可以利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他星球。 12．What is the main implication of Chinese scientists' discovery of the moon's soil? A．The moon is rich in rare elements. B．Lunar soil can be used for exploring space. C．The moon can be lived on by human beings. D．Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source. 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)可知，中国科学家发现月球土壤能够产生氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选B。 答案　B 13．What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3? A．The process of the sun producing light. B．The analysis of China's Chang'e­5's work. C．The supportive method producing metal­rich substances. D．The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段(在分析了嫦娥五号的月球土壤后，研究小组发现样本中含有富含金属的物质，可以作为催化剂，利用阳光和二氧化碳制造氧气。该团队提出了一种策略，利用月球土壤将月球和宇航员生命维持系统中的水电解成氧气和氢气。这个过程是由阳光驱动的。根据这项研究，月球居民呼出的二氧化碳可以被收集起来，并与氢结合来生产燃料，也可以由月球土壤催化。研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，没有任何外部能量可以用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。) 可知，研究人员利用月球资源进行可持续生存策略的研究。故选D。 答案　D 14．What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Profession. B．Contract. C．Vision. D．Sponsor. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段的“The researchers said with this method，no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.(研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，不需要任何外部能量被用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。)”可知，目前人类在月球上不能像在地球上一样生存，再由第四段(该论文的第一作者、来自南京大学的姚英芳表示：“我们利用环境资源来最小化火箭的有效载荷，我们的战略为地球以外的生命提供了一个可持续的、负担得起的生活环境的愿景。”)可知，通过对月球土壤资源的研究利用，人类有望在月球上得以生存，因此画线词义为“愿景，构想”。故选C。 答案　C 15．What is the text mainly about? A．The discovery of active compounds on the moon. B．The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil. C．The research on the environmental system of the moon. D．The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production. 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，这篇文章讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可以用于生产氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选D。 答案　D 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·石家庄质量检测)Just breathe.Sound familiar？Whether trying to decrease stress，anxiety，and muscle tension or increase our focus，we are frequently encouraged to breathe. There is a good reason for this，particularly when it comes to muscle tension and pain. 16 When we are stressed，our muscles tense，and this tension can increase pain.Pain can also cause stress，increasing muscle tension and creating more pain.Also，it is common to hold our breath when we are stressed or in pain. 17 So，one helpful way to manage stress and pain is to practice relaxing our muscles and nervous system via breathing exercises.While engaging in longer relaxation exercises is beneficial，practicing brief exercises is practical. *Breathe Slowly and Rhythmically 18 Imagine your breath is a wave in the ocean that is slowly coming into shore and then slowly going back into the ocean.See if you can practice breathing slowly and steadily for about two to five minutes. *Lengthen the Exhalation(呼气)Portion of Your Breath The exhalation is like a brake for our nervous system，helping it slow down.Practice making the exhalation portion of the breath longer than the inhalation.For example，if you naturally inhale for a count of three，practice slowly exhaling for a count of five. *Breathe from Your Belly(腹部) Belly breathing tends to be the most relaxing type of breath.When you breathe using your belly，you stimulate the vagus nerve which activates the relaxation response. 19 Therefore，you feel at ease and comfortable. It is important not to wait until tension and pain increase to practice these exercises. 20 So just slow down and breathe on. A．Practice breathing in and out at a slow speed. B．Unfortunately，doing so increases pain and stress. C．The exhalation part of the breath is the most relaxing. D．Breathing from your nose only helps you calm down. E．Physical pain and emotional stress often go hand in hand. F．They will be most effective when you are not in much pain. G．This will reduce your heart rate and blood pressure and lower stress. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解缓解压力和疼痛的妙招。 16．解析　E　空后“When we are stressed，our muscles tense...creating more pain.”表示当我们焦虑不安时，我们的肌肉绷紧，这种紧张会增加疼痛。疼痛也可引起压力，增加肌肉绷紧度且引起更多疼痛。由此可知，身体上的疼痛和精神压力总是相伴而行，故E项符合语境。 17．解析　B　空前“Also it is common to hold our breath when we are stressed or in pain”表示当我们焦虑不安或疼痛时，屏住呼吸是很常见的；结合下文介绍的通过练习呼吸来缓解压力和疼痛这一做法可以推知，感到压力或疼痛时屏住呼吸这种做法是错误的，故B项“不幸的是，这样做增加了疼痛和压力”符合语境。 18．解析　A　根据主题句“Breathe Slowly and Rhythmically”可知，空处内容应与缓慢而有节奏地呼吸有关，故A项“练习慢速吸气和呼气”与主题句相符。 19．解析　G　空前“When you breathe using your belly，you stimulate the vagus nerve which activates the relaxation response”表示当你用腹部呼吸时，你刺激了迷走神经，从而激活放松反应；结合空后的“Therefore，you feel at ease and comfortable”可推知，空处应陈述用腹部呼吸会出现什么现象，从而导致人们最终放松下来。G项“这将降低你的心率和血压，减轻压力”符合语境，This指代上文“用腹部呼吸”这件事。 20．解析　F　空前“It is important...practice these exercises”表示重要的是不要等到紧张和疼痛加剧后再练习这些。由此可推知，在不太紧张和疼痛时就应该进行这样的练习，这样效果最好。F项“当你不太痛的时候，它们将是最有效的”符合语境，选项中的They指代上文的these exercises。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A lonely girl found two starving songbirds in the woods.She took them home and put them in a 21 cage.She cared them with love and the birds grew strong.One day，the girl 22 the door to the cage open.One bird flew from the cage.The girl was so 23 that it would fly away.As it flew close，she grasped it 24 ．Her heart fell glad at her success in 25 it.Suddenly she felt the bird breathless.Her desperate love had killed it. She 26 the other bird moving back and forth on the 27 of the cage.She could feel its great 28 for freedom.It needed to fly into the blue sky.She lifted it from the cage and tossed (抛) it 29 into the air.The bird circled once，twice，three times. The girl watched happily at the bird's 30 ．Her heart was no longer concerned with her 31 ，and she wanted the bird to be 32 ．Suddenly the bird flew closer and 33 softly on her shoulder.It sang the sweetest song that she had ever heard. The fastest way to lose love is to 34 it too tight; the best way is to keep love is to give it 35 ． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一个小女孩发现了两只饥饿的小鸟，一开始把它们养在笼子里，后来意识到鸟儿最需要的是自由，最后将小鸟放生的故事。 21．A.large B．wooden C．plastic D．small 解析　根据常识可知，装鸟的笼子一般为小笼子，故选D。 答案　D 22．A.left B．remained C．imagined D．remembered 解析　根据下文“One bird flew from the cage.”可知，一只鸟飞离了笼子，所以上文应是小女孩忘记关笼子门。故选A。 答案　A 23．A.excited B．frightened C．annoyed D．pleased 解析　根据下文“As it flew close，she grasped it 24 ．”当小鸟飞近时，她抓住了小鸟。可知，小女孩非常害怕小鸟飞走。故选B。 答案　B 24．A.unexpectedly B．quickly C．wildly D．immediately 解析　根据下文“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless.Her desperate love had killed it.”可推知，由于小女孩野蛮地抓住鸟，将小鸟捏死了。故选C。 答案　C 25．A.holding B．reaching C．catching D．following 解析　根据上文“she grasped it 24 ”可知，此处是小女孩抓住了小鸟。故选C。 答案　C 26．A.heard B．realized C．recognized D．noticed 解析　此处指小女孩注意到了小鸟。固定搭配notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事。故选D。 答案　D 27．A.edge B．top C．base D．surface 解析　根据下文“She could feel its great 28 for freedom.”可知，小鸟想要自由，所以会在笼子边飞来飞去，试图出去。on the edge of“在……的边上”。故选A。 答案　A 28．A.idea B．wish C．share D．destination 解析　根据下文“It needed to fly into the blue sky.”可知，鸟儿非常渴望自由。故选B。 答案　B 29．A.softly B．quietly C．heavily D．suddenly 解析　根据上文“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless.Her desperate love had killed it.”可知，由于小女孩粗暴的行为导致第一只小鸟的死亡，所以现在她为了不让第二只小鸟再受到伤害，会轻轻地将小鸟放回到空中，故选A。 答案　A 30．A.entertainment B．enjoyment C．exercise D．singing 解析　根据上文“The bird circled once，twice，three times.”可知，小鸟非常开心能够在天空中飞翔，故选B。 答案　B 31．A.opinion B．relief C．pain D．loss 解析　根据第一段最后两句“Suddenly she felt the bird breathless.Her desperate love had killed it.”可知，失去小鸟对小女孩来说是一种损失。故选D。 答案　D 32．A.trapped B．strong C．happy D．alone 解析　根据上文“It needed to fly into the blue sky.”可知，小鸟回到蓝天获得自由，才会快乐。故选C。 答案　C 33．A.landed B．fell C．dropped D．sat 解析　根据常识可知，鸟儿应该是降落在小女孩的肩上，且land on是固定搭配，意为“降落于”。故选A。 答案　A 34．A.hold up B．hold onto C．take up D．take in 解析　根据上文“she grasped it 24 ”以及文章大意可知，小女孩失去第一只小鸟就是因为握得太紧，不想失去它，所以失去爱的最快方法是紧紧抓住它，故选B。 答案　B 35.A.soul B．life C．wings D．legs 解析　根据上文“The fastest way to lose love is to 34 it too tight”可知，与失去爱相对，令爱常驻最好的方法是赠它一双翅膀。故选C。 答案　C 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·沈阳质量监测)The Grand Canal is the oldest and longest man­made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2，500 years，36. construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period.The 1794 kilometers' waterway is 22 times 37. length of the Panama Canal.It is a golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China.The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing 38. (pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems. The canal 39. (function) as the backbone of the ancient empire's inland communication and trading systems.Grain，salt, 40. (log) and silk were transported along the canal to all directions.Scores of towns along the banks developed，contributing 41. (huge) to ancient China's economy.The canal enormously promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north 42. south，which ensured the country's 43. (stable). In 2014，it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site.In 2019 China issued a plan 44. (construct) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal.During the last 2 years，building the Grand Canal national cultural parks 45. (recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five­Year Plan.In future，cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt，green belt and tourism belt. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大运河的历史地位和作用以及未来的规划。 36．解析　句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2 500多年的历史，它的建设始于春秋时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词waterway，先行词在从句中作定语，故填whose。 答案　whose 37．解析　句意：运河全长1 794公里，是巴拿马运河的22倍。倍数＋the length＋of是固定用法，意为“是……几倍的长度”。故填the。 答案　the 38．解析　句意：大运河从浙江到北京流经六省和两个自治区，连接五大水系。分析句子结构，runs为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，The Grand Canal和pass为主谓关系，故填passing。 答案　passing 39．解析　句意：大运河作为古代帝国内陆交流和贸易系统的支柱。空格处作谓语动词，结合句意，应用一般过去时。故填functioned。 答案　functioned 40．解析　句意：谷物、盐、原木和丝绸沿着运河运往四面八方。由and并列结构可知，空格处在句中作并列主语应用名词形式，上文没有冠词，应用复数形式表示类别。故填logs。 答案　logs 41．解析　句意：沿河的许多城镇发展起来，运河的发展对古代中国经济做出了巨大的贡献。空格处修饰动词contributing，应用副词形式。故填hugely。 答案　hugely 42．解析　句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。between...and...意为“在……之间”。故填and。 答案　and 43．解析　句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。根据空格前的country's可知，空格处应填名词作宾语。故填stability。 答案　stability 44．解析　句意：在2019年中国发布了一个计划为大运河建设国家文化公园。issued为谓语动词，空格处为非谓语动词，名词plan后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to construct。 答案　to construct 45．解析　句意：在近两年来建设大运河国家文化公园被确定为“十四五”规划的重点任务。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语During the last 2 years，应用一般过去时，主语building the Grand Canal national cultural parks和recognize之间是动宾关系，故填was recognized。 答案　was recognized 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友George发来邮件，想了解你未来想做什么职业。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1．你未来想从事的职业； 2．你选择该职业的原因。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear George， Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear George，　 I'm more than delighted to hear from you.In your letter，you asked me about my career choice for the future，so I'm now writing to share my views about it. In the future，I'm dying to be a doctor.For one thing，if I am a doctor，I can make use of what I have learned to relieve patients' pains and even save their lives.For another，I have always shown great interest in Chinese medicine，which features magic effect.Should I be admitted by a medical college this year，I would make every effort to rediscover the value of Chinese medicine，making it more popular in the world. Best wishes! 　Yours，　 　Li Hua　 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we are little kids，birthday parties are momentous occasions.They are our time to shine，and we love everything about them: the balloons，the games，the cake，the gifts，and so on. After reading cool stories about police officers solving mysteries，Allen Miller thought the police were awesome，hoping to become one of them! So，when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party—he went with his favorite: the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car.He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day.Unfortunately，none of them could make it to the party due to various reasons. Allen's mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision: should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room? He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily，so it would break his heart to cancel it. Officer Frank Smith，who had already planned with Rachel and agreed to show up at the party，heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance.That's when he decided to save the day—he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect，and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day，and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in.“We like to be involved in our community.It's not just about enforcing (执行) the law.We like to be there in the good times as well，” he explained to Rachel. On the day of Allen's party，Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car.The boy didn't know where they were going，but was excited.They stopped at Town Hall，and Officer Smith led them into the meeting room. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 There，a party was waiting for him. After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag. One possible version： There，a party was waiting for him. The moment Allen stepped inside，a chorus of “Happy Birthday” filled the meeting room，and he found himself surrounded by lots of police officers holding balloons.Officer Smith introduced him to all the officers，who gave him high fives.Allen was thrilled，and his eyes sparkled with excitement as he looked at the grand police­themed cake.As Allen cut into the cake with the help of his mom，the room erupted into cheers and laughter，adding to the joyful atmosphere. After they enjoyed the cake，Officer Smith took out a gift bag. “It's for you.” He presented the delicately wrapped parcel to Allen，who was stunned by the surprise.“Wow，a model police car! It looks exactly like the one we came here in! Thank you！” Officer Smith smiled，“Anytime，Allen.” Allen hugged Officer Smith and thanked him again for making the otherwise crushing disappointment his time to shine.It was the local heroes who helped by being part of the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective ways. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$