Unit 11 Section 6(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

[对应知能达标训练P29] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She's been　banned　(禁止) from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated. 2．Wear comfortable，　loose　(松的；宽大的) clothing to your exercise class. 3．They received hundreds of　requests　(要求) for more information. 4．Frontiers which have held for over forty years are no longer　sacred　(神圣的). 5．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After I made Italy my　permanent　(永久的) home，I discovered how warm­hearted Italians are. 6．By　investing　(投资，投入) small amounts regularly，you can smooth out the effects of sudden rises and falls in the stock market. 7．Much of the food is　fried　(油炸的，油煎的) and there is a greater use of oil and vinegar. 8．His　cigarette　(香烟) went out and he hurried to find matches. 9．The patient was registered under a　false　(假的) name. 10.　Tax　(税，税款) cuts may unbalance the budget. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It's believed that the affair was potentially　harmful　(harm) to British aviation. 2．New evidence might lead to the　conclusion　(conclude) that we are wrong. 3．You'll have to go out for a walk，which is　beneficial　(benefit) to your health. 4．This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and surprising　recovery　(recover). 5．The　greedy　(greed) child brought up all he had eaten. 6．He showed great courage by admitting that he is an　alcoholic　(alcohol). 7．It is　desirable　(desire) to keep the cost as low as possible. 8．The reason　why　he was ill yesterday is such a bad excuse. 9．Local officials are so worried about air quality that they are considering a temporary ban　on/against　private cars. 10．Don't respond to any emails　requesting　(request) personal information，no matter how official they look. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.　The reason why he has had such a success is that　he never gives up. 他取得如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。 2.　It is hoped that　the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。 3．His father died，　leaving him a lot of money　. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 4．Our teacher made a request that　we (should) be well prepared for the exam　. 我们的老师要求我们为考试作好充分的准备。 5．If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will　make every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club　. 如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Beijing resident Hou Lixin started eating meal replacement products in February when she wanted to lose weight.She bought various meal replacement products online and ate them for more than a month. “Most of them don't taste good，but at least they have low calories and are convenient to buy，store and cook，” she said，adding the product she consumed gave a strong sense of fullness. Hou is by no means alone.Meal replacement products，or substitutes for regular meals that can fill you up with low­calorie intakes，appear as a potential big market in China，driven by Chinese consumers' demand for products that can help in weight control and offer convenience，experts said. The most common meal replacement products include powders，liquids，shakes，porridges and energy bars containing fiber，protein，vitamin，minerals and other nutritious content. The meal replacement market is at the early stage of competition and there is big room for future development，like in the United States and Japan.Euromonitor International，a market research company，said sales revenue of meal replacement products in China hit 57.17 billion yuan in 2017 and is expected to reach 120 billion yuan by 2022.More fast­moving consumer goods giants are　partaking　in the market action.PepsiCo's oat brand Quaker released a new shake product in June.A major Chinese snack brand Bestore released 27 meal replacement products in August. Jia Jianbin，secretary general at Chinese Cereals and Oils Association，told CCTV reporter that despite its possible effectiveness that many people believe，this way of weight loss may bring greater harm as it breaks the balance of nutrition and food.As a result，it can only be a temporary move，not a long­term use. “Cereal meal replacement powder，for example，is mainly composed of carbohydrates(碳水化合物)，which have enough calories，but the vitamins and minerals are not enough.Instead，it is better to soak oatmeal (燕麦片) in milk，which may be more nutritious and more economical，” said Gu Zhongyi，a dietitian of the Beijing Dietetic Association.“Meal replacements can be an alternative for busy workers，but they are no substitute for a balanced diet，and try not to eat more than one meal a day.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章对代餐产品市场的火爆和专家们对此所持的态度进行了说明。 1．The author quotes the example of Hou Lixin to ． A．show an efficient way to lose weight B．promote the meal replacement products C．introduce the topic of meal replacement products D.arouse readers' interest in the meal replacement products 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者以侯立新为例是为了介绍代餐产品这个话题。故选C。 答案　C 2．Why are meal replacement products popular among many Chinese consumers? A．Because they are highly recommended by health experts. B．Because they are helpful to control weight and bring convenience. C．Because they have a large market share in the food market. D．Because they provide various forms and flavors for the consumers. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，因为它们有助于控制体重和带来方便，所以代餐产品在许多中国消费者中非常流行。故选B。 答案　B 3．What does the underlined word “partaking” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Participating. B．Advertising. C．Experimenting. D．Cooperating. 解析　词义猜测题。根据第五段最后两句可推知，更多的快消品巨头也参与了市场行动。由此推知，画线词partaking意为“加入，参加”。故选A。 答案　A 4．What attitude do Jia Jianbin and Gu Zhongyi have towards the meal replacement products? A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Disapproving. D．Confused. 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知，这两人认为代餐的坏处大过好处，所以对此持不赞成的态度。故选C。 答案　C B “Community” is not a concept that is easy to define (定义).In this essay I will examine what turns individuals into a community，and discuss some different types.I will also look at what all communities have in common，the benefits they offer and draw conclusions about their increasing importance. The word “community” may make you think of traditional communities in the developing world，where large families live together.We may also imagine the neighbours as people who are happy to help out whenever it is needed.The stereotypical(老套的) view is that of a village，where people have little but can feel very rich because everyone takes responsibility for the welfare of the others. On the other hand，there are other types of communities：ultramodern (超现代的) ones，where the community members are unlikely to have actually met each other.These are online communities，where people blog or chat about particular issues that are important to them.They come across others on websites and may develop a relationship there with like­minded people，discussing the same topics.The view is often that these are artificial connections between people who are，in effect，still isolated (孤立的) strangers. In reality，the connections are real.Moreover，there are many types of communities in between these extremes：people who join clubs，who sign up with voluntary，political or other organizations，or who take part in group discussions in their local area.They may be campaigning about issues or simply getting together for companionship and support. Human beings are social by nature，so it should not be a surprise that we organize ourselves in groups.However，there is more going on：these groups provide something that we cannot achieve on our own.The main benefit of being part of a larger group is strength in numbers.For example，we can access and share more information，we can take part in team sports，we can complain and campaign more effectively and even if we are just having a chat，online or in person，we can feel supported in whatever we do. Whatever forms communities take，what defines them is the sense of identity and safety that they provide for their members：the knowledge that there are people who we have something in common with and who can be relied on when we need each other. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社区的种类和好处。 5．In traditional communities，people ． A．live in a large family B．are wealthy but unhappy C．help and care about each other D．are isolated and don't have connections 解析　细节理解题。由第二段中的“people who are happy to help out whenever it is needed”和“where people have little but can feel very rich because everyone takes responsibility for the welfare of the others”可知，在传统的社区里，人们互相帮助、互相关心。 答案　C 6．According to the text，online community members ． A．develop a close working relationship B．share opinions about issues on websites C．communicate with each other in person D．share the same interest but have no relations 解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“These are online communities，where people blog or chat about particular issues ...discussing the same topics.”可知，在线社区的成员在网络上通过博客或其他聊天工具讨论特定的问题。 答案　B 7．Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ． A．the types of community B．the culture of community C．the benefits of community D．the definition of community 解析　段落大意题。由第五段中的“these groups provide something that we cannot achieve on our own”和“The main benefit of being part of a larger group is strength in numbers.”以及“we can access and share more information ...we can feel supported in whatever we do”可知，本段主要讲述了社区的好处。 答案　C 8．Communities provide their members with ． A．a sense of identity and safety B．a sense of social responsibility C．chances of meeting new people D．chances of developing their interests 解析　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“what defines them is the sense of identity and safety that they provide for their members”可知，社区为其成员提供了一种认同感和安全感。 答案　A Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·浙江1月卷)While taking a 20­hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for.A young Chinese man 2 me on the train.My 3 friend spoke virtually no English，so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 5 a two­year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family.Perhaps most 7 ，however，was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.Without batting an eye he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole.“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I 10 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed， 12 ，and admirable person prevented me doing so.In the course of a couple of hours，he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind，and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。旅行途中，作者在火车上遇到一位年轻的中国当地小伙子，在与他的交谈中发现这个小伙子见多识广、勤奋努力、自学成才，最后作者对他表达了钦佩之情。 1．A.experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment 解析　根据下文中的“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，此处指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。experiment“实验”；encounter“邂逅，相遇”；competition“比赛”；appointment“任命”。故选B。 答案　B 2．A.treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 解析　根据下文中的“me on the train”以及两人的交谈可知，一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。treat“对待”；save“拯救”；lecture“演讲”；approach“靠近”。故选D。 答案　D 3．A.true B．so­called C．new D．long­lost 解析　根据上文中的“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。true“真的”；so­called“所谓的”；new“新的”；long­lost“久未见面的”。故选C。 答案　C 4．A.chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 解析　根据下文中的“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。chance“机会”；advice“建议”；trouble“麻烦”；right“权利”。故选A。 答案　A 5．A.visited B．financed C．attended D．founded 解析　根据下文中的“a two­year professional school”可知，这个年轻人上了一个为期两年的专业学校。visit“拜访”；finance“提供资金”；attend“参加，上(学)”；found“创立”。故选C。 答案　C 6．A.building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 解析　根据下文中的“this highway builder”可知，年轻人是公路建设者。build“修建”；sweep“打扫”；check“检查”；guard“守卫”。故选A。 答案　A 7．A.typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable 解析　根据下文中的“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最引人注目的。typical“典型的”；obvious“显然的”；natural“自然的”；remarkable“引人注目的”。故选D。 答案　D 8．A.publish B．quote C．copy D．download 解析　根据下文中的“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此处指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话。publish“出版”；quote“引用”；copy“复制”；download“下载”。故选B。 答案　B 9．A.writers B．historians C．workers D．students 解析　根据上文中的“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及下文中的“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故此处表示询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。writer“作家”； historian“历史学家”；worker“工人”；student“学生”。故选A。 答案　A 10．A.anticipate B．imagine C．recall D．catch 解析　根据后文的“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。anticipate“预期”；imagine“想象”；recall“记起，回忆”；catch“抓住”。故选C。 答案　C 11．A.look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with 解析　根据后文的“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有到过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。look into“调查”；rely on“依靠”；go over“复习”；deal with“处理”。故选B。 答案　B 12．A.well­behaved B．multi­skilled C．warm­hearted D．self­educated 解析　此处呼应上文的“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”，表示这个年轻人自学成才。well­behaved“行为端正的”；multi­skilled“多技能的”； warm­hearted“热心的”； self­educated“自学的”。故选D。 答案　D 13．A.asked B．warned C．showed D．promised 解析　根据后文的“how much one can gain from...all walks of life”可知，年轻人向作者展示了一个人带着开放的心态和与各行各业的当地人交往的意愿旅行可以获得很多收获。ask“询问”；warn“警告”；show“展示”；promise“承诺”。故选C。 答案　C 14．A.traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching 解析　根据后文的“with an open mind，and a willingness”，再结合第一段的第一句可知，作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以此处指带着开放的心态旅行。travel“旅行”；read“阅读”；search“搜索”；teach“教学”。故选A。 答案　A 15．A.cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 解析　根据上文描述的作者与年轻人的交谈和后文的“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此处表示和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with“与……建立密切关系”。cooperate“合作”；side“支持”；negotiate“协商”。故选D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$