Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures(课件PPT)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 语法精讲 技能培养 01 核心知识 关键能力 02 课时作业 知能达标 04 随堂演练 巩固提升 03 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 01 语法精讲 技能培养 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 02 核心知识 关键能力 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 03 随堂演练 巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 04 课时作业 知能达标 点击进入Word 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 Unit 3　Diverse Cultures 1 省略 为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种： 一、简单句中的省略 1．省略主语 一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。 (It) Looks like rain now. 现在(天)看起来要下雨。 (You) Be sure not to make any noise. (你)一定不要制造出任何噪声。 2．省略宾语 当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，通常省略宾语。 He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn't (have a knowledge of first aid). 他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。 She washed (the shirt)，ironed (the shirt)，and folded the shirt. 她洗了(衬衫)，并且把它熨好、叠好。 3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分) 在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。 (You come) This way，please. 请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语) (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分) [即时训练1]　标出句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小写) ①I see you tomorrow. ②—Are you feeling better now? —I am feeling much better now. ③—Are you a teacher? —No，but I used to be a teacher. 答案　① I see you tomorrow. ②—Are you feeling better now? — I am feeling much better now. ③—Are you a teacher? —No，but I used to be a teacher . 二、并列句中的省略 1．在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重复。 When summer comes，the day is getting longer and longer，and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter. 当夏天来临，白天变得越来越长，夜晚变得越来越短。 Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and (Jeff) added in some milk. 杰夫在盘子里打了两个鸡蛋，并加了一些牛奶。 2．有时由于上下文语境很明显，后一分句中的一些词语也可省略。 They tried their best but (they tried) in vain. 他们尽力了，但是白费劲。 (Give me) One more chance and I'll surely succeed. 再给我一次机会，我一定会成功。 三、复合句中的省略 1．状语从句中的省略 (1)状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同或从句主语是it，且从句谓语是系动词be的某种形式时，从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略。 (2)从句与主句中的相同部分也可以省略。 While (I was) walking along the street，I heard my name called. 当我在街上散步时，我听到有人叫我的名字。 When (it is) heated，ice can be turned into water. 冰被加热后，可以变成水。 If (it is) possible，you can reply to me as soon as possible. 如果可能的话，你可以尽快回复我。 2．定语从句中的省略 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时，可以省略关系代词。 My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit (that) we had ever eaten. 我丈夫和我都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。 The way (in which/that) he speaks to us is really annoying. 他对我们讲话的方式真是令人讨厌。 3．宾语从句中的省略 及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。 We hope (that) such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. 我们希望这样的关注能激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。 He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该用心学习。 [即时训练2]　标出下列句中可以省略的部分 ①I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed. ②Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? ③Whenever it is possible，he will come to my help. 答案 ①I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed. ②Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? ③Whenever it is possible，he will come to my help. 四、其他情况的省略 1．动词不定式的省略 (1)当动词不定式在形容词afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作状语时，常省略与前句重复的to后面的内容。 You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question). 如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。 (2)某些使役动词(如make，let，have等)和感官动词(如see，watch，notice，observe，hear等)后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to；但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则不能省略to。 We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. →She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom. 我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。 (3)作介词but，except，beside的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式(短语)常省略to。 All he could do was nothing but (to) wait and see. 他所能做的只有等着瞧。 (4)当动词不定式在be going to，be able to，have to，ought to，used to后作复合谓语时，动词不定式可以省略。 They didn't visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。 2．使用so，not等时的省略 ①—Can you finish your work today? —I think so./I don't think so./I think not. ——你今天能完成工作吗？ ——我认为能。/我认为不能。 ②—The boys are not doing a good job at all，are they? —I guess not. ——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？ ——我猜是没做好。 句①中so相当于I can finish my work today；not相当于I can't finish my work today；句②中第二个not相当于the boys are not doing a good job。 3．介词的省略 一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动词­ing形式。常见结构如下： (1)have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth (2)be busy (in) doing sth (3)spend some time (in) doing sth (4)stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time. 大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。 [即时训练3]　补全下列句中省略的介词 ①I'm sorry to tell you that Diane won't be here (　on　) Friday. ②I can't stop them (　from　) going there. ③I have some trouble (　in　) learning English. fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平 [经典佳句] I folded the handkerchief and put it in my pocket. 我折好手帕，把它放进我的口袋里。(读后续写之动作描写) (1)fold (up) 折叠；对折 fold one's arms 双臂交叉在胸前 (2)unfold v. (使)展开；打开 (3)folding adj. 可折叠的；折叠式的 [即时训练] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I finished my coffee，　folded (fold) my newspaper and stood up. ②As the mist cleared，a most beautiful view unfolded (fold) before their eyes. ③The young man lay on the sofa with his arms folded and soon fell asleep. 那个年轻人双臂交叉躺在沙发上，很快就睡着了。 将下列句子改成省略句 1．When he was in America，he made many friends with students from different countries. →　When in America　，he made many friends with students from different countries. 2．The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. →　The book he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. 3．John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel. →John will go abroad to travel but his brother won't　. 4．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. →She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone　. 5．The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as they are in Guangzhou. →The winters in Hangzhou are not so mild as in Guangzhou　. $$