Unit 7 Section Ⅲ Grammar(课件PPT)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 语法精讲 技能培养 01 课时作业 知能达标 03 随堂演练 巩固提升 02 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 01 语法精讲 技能培养 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 02 随堂演练 巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 03 课时作业 知能达标 点击进入Word 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 UNIT 7　ART 1 项目一 名词性从句 一、基本概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词的宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词从句常用的引导词： (1)从属连词：that, whether, if (连接作用，不作成分)； (2)连接代词：who (ever), what (ever), which (ever), whom (ever) (作主语，宾语，表语，定语等名词性成分)； (3)连接副词：how (ever), where (ever), when (ever), why (作状语)。 语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。 二、用法和特点 1．主语从句 主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。 Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now. 运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。 Last but not least, what really matters is to keep trying and never give up. 最后但并非最不重要的一点是，真正重要的是不断尝试，永不放弃。 Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference. 我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。 That she will do well in her exam is certain. ＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。 [即学活用1] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①　How　we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. ②　That　he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us no surprise. ③Every year,　whoever makes the most beautiful kite　will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。 ④　What he had said　surprised everyone present. 他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。 2．宾语从句 (1) 作及物动词的宾语。 (2) 作介词的宾语。如：besides that...“除……之外”；except that...“除了……”；in that...“在于……；因为……”。 (3) 动态形容词后。形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure (确信的)，certain (肯定的)，afraid (担心的)，confident (有把握的) 等。 Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter. 每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。 Is there anything wrong in/with what I said? 我所说的有错误之处吗？ These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer. 这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。 I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time. 我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。 [即学活用2] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of　what　it used to charge. ②She asked me　whether　I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't. ③Jane moved aimlessly down the tree­lined street, not knowing　where　she was heading. ④I don't know　where I can place my luggage　. 我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。 ⑤We discussed　whether we should use the money　to buy a new house. 我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。 3．表语从句 (1)表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 (2)可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem, sound等。 The question is whether we can finish the work in time. 问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。 You look as if you slept badly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。 The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough. 事实依然是我们不够先进。 (1)表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。 The fact is that he didn't notice the car until too late. 事实是他注意到汽车时已经太晚了。 (2)主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋) 动词原形”。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside. 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。 [即学活用3] 单句语法填空 ①The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is　that　one can be entirely free from dust. ②From space, the earth looks blue.This is　because　about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. ③The moment I will always remember is　when　I delivered my first English speech before a big audience. 三、it作形式主语的主语从句 主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型： 1．It＋不及物动词或短语动词的适当形式＋从句 It seems that...好像是…… It happened that...碰巧…… It has turned out that...结果…… It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. 好像他以前去过北京。 2．It＋be＋及物动词的动词­ed形式＋从句 It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is believed that...人们认为…… It is hoped that...大家希望…… It has been proved that...已证明…… It is said that he has read the novel. 据说他读过这本小说。 3．It＋be＋形容词＋从句 It is necessary that...有必要…… It is clear that...很清楚…… It is (un) likely that...很 (不太) 可能…… It is important that...重要的是…… It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality. 人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。 4．It＋be＋名词＋that从句 适用该句型的名词 (词组) 有：a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，good news, one's duty等。 It is a pity that you missed the sports meeting last week. 很遗憾你错过了上周的运动会。 [即学活用4] 完成句子 ①It seems that　they will win the game　. 看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。 ②It is suggested　that the meeting (should) be put off　. 有人建议会议应当延期。 ③　It is necessary that　we take exercise every day. 我们每天锻炼是有必要的。 ④ It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 英语正在被人们接受为国际语言，这是事实。 项目二 构词法 一、构词法的分类 1．派生：即把词根加上前缀或后缀，得出一个新的单词。 rich adj.富有的→enrich v.丰富　home n.家→homeless adj.无家可归的 2．转换：即同一单词具有多种词性。 back n.背→back v.支持　slow adj.慢的→slow v.减慢 You can use the water in the ditch to water the flowers. 你可以用沟里的水浇花。 3．合成：即由两个单词合成一个单词。 blackboard n.黑板　hand­made adj.手工制作的 二、常见派生词缀 1．名词后缀 (1)动词＋­ion/­tion/­sion→名词 (表示动作或动作过程) correct v.改正；纠正→correction n.改正 celebrate v.庆祝→celebration n.庆祝；庆祝会 conclude v.推断；结束→conclusion n.结论；结束 (2)动词＋­er/­or→名词 (表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人) drive v.驾驶；驱赶→driver n.司机；驾驶员 gather v.聚集；采集 →gatherer n.收集者；采集者 conduct v.指挥；管理→conductor n.指挥；售票员 (3)动词＋­ment→名词 punish v.惩罚→punishment n.惩罚 (4)动词/形容词＋­th→名词 warm adj.温暖的→warmth n.温暖 grow v.生长→growth n.生长 (5)形容词＋­y→名词 difficult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难 honest adj.诚实的→honesty n.诚实 (6)形容词＋­ness→名词 kind adj.善良的 →kindness n.善良 (7)动词＋­ance→名词 annoy vt.使烦恼→annoyance n.生气；烦恼 (8)­ship结尾的名词 (表示身份；关系；资格) member n.成员；会员→membership n.会员资格 professor n.教授→professorship n.教授身份 (9)­ing结尾的名词 garden n.花园→gardening n.园艺 greet v.打招呼；问候→greetings n.问候 [即学活用5] 单句语法填空 ①Seal cutting or zhuanke in Chinese takes Chinese characters as its form of　expression　(express), using carving knives instead of the writing brushes, and stone instead of paper. ②If she won the　election　(elect) to become chairman of the Environment　Organization　(organize), he could not get her　permission　(permit) to join it. ③He was willing to do his best to rid the world of　pollution　(pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth. ④“My dear, you are really a wonderful　helper　(help) ! I'm sure I will be the　winner　(win) of the election.”he said to his wife excitedly. ⑤While　working　(work) there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study,　earning　(earn) a doctorate in physics in 1905. ⑥In Africa, poor nutrition caused the　death　(die) of the poor baby. ⑦Thanks to his　bravery　(brave) and perseverance, he managed to gain the　citizenship　(citizen) of the United States and in the end he had his permanent　settlement　(settle). ⑧He always tells his children like this：Perseverance leads to　happiness　(happy) and success. 2．形容词、副词后缀 (1)常见形容词后缀 ①名词＋­al→形容词 (表示“有……属性”，“与……有关”) agriculture n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的 ②动词＋­ive→形容词 decide v.决定；下决心→decisive adj.决定性的；关键的 ③动词＋­able→形容词 (表示“能够”“适于”“值得”) change v.变化；兑换→changeable adj.易变的；变化无常的 ④名词＋­ful→形容词 care n.小心；关心→careful adj.小心的；仔细的 ⑤名词＋­less→形容词 (意思与原名词相反) care n.小心；关心 →careless adj.粗心的 ⑥名词＋­ly→形容词 friend n.朋友 →friendly adj.友好的 ⑦名词＋­y→形容词 dirt n.污物；尘土 →dirty adj.脏的 ⑧名词＋­ous→形容词 danger n.危险→dangerous adj.危险的 (2)副词后缀 形容词＋­ly→副词 careful adj.仔细的→carefully adv.仔细地 (3)复合形容词的构成 ①形容词＋­ing分词　easy­going随和的 ②形容词＋名词＋­ed　kind­hearted善良的；好心的 ③名词＋­ed分词　water­covered被水覆盖的 ④副词＋­ed分词　well­written写得好的 ⑤数词＋名词＋­ed　three­legged三条腿的 [即学活用6] 写出加黑单词的汉语意思/单句语法填空 ①You can find all the supplies，such as boxes, packing tape and more at truck rental.　租赁　 ②The good working condition in this city is attractive.　吸引人的　 ③You can rely on him because he is reliable.　可依赖的；靠得住的　 ④Her words struck fear into her heart so that she was sleepless all night long, afraid of being killed unexpectedly some day.　没有睡觉的；不眠的　 ⑤It was a frosty cold morning when he set off for the remote village.　 有霜的　 ⑥As we know，the Antarctic is an ice­covered continent.　冰雪覆盖的　 ⑦Everybody says Lily is an easy­going girl，so she has many friends.　 随和的　 ⑧The old man's sun­burnt face suggested he had worked hard in the field in summer.　被太阳晒黑的　 ⑨Lucy likes talking and everybody says she is　greatly　(great) communicative. ⑩Go to the gate　carefully　(careful), but try not to touch the dog. ⑪Her classmates find her answers quite　impressive　(impress) and　acceptable　(accept). ⑫Lucy has many friends who think Lucy is a　creative　(create) and　helpful　(help) girl. ⑬It's said that the boy once was a　homeless　(home) child. ⑭She is　friendly　(friend) to those who have difficulty with their subjects. ⑮All in all, Lucy is the most　famous　(fame) girl in her school. ⑯We think that we can　finally　(final) get out of this　dirty　(dirt) place. 3．动词词缀 (1)前缀en­＋形容词→动词 enrich v.丰富　enlarge v.变大；增大；扩大 (2)形容词＋­en→动词 shorten v.缩短　widen v.加宽 (3)­fy结尾的动词 simplify v.简化　classify v.归类 (4)­ize结尾的动词 realize v.认识到　popularize v.普及 [即学活用7] 单句语法填空 ①Try your best to　memorize　(memory) these new words. ②The question must be　simplified　(simple) so that we can find out a solution to it. ③It costs a lot of money if we plan to　purify　(pure) the waste water. ④He　quickened　(quick) his steps to arrive home earlier. ⑤You can　enlarge　(large) your vocabulary if you keep on memorizing some new words every day. 4．否定词缀 (1)表示否定意义的前缀 ①un­不，非 unable不能够　unlucky不幸的 ②dis­不，非 dishonest不诚实的　discontinuous不连贯的 ③in­不，非 inactive不活跃的　incorrect不正确的 ④im­不，非 impatient不耐烦的　impossible不可能的 ⑤ir­不，非 irregular不规则的　irresponsible不负责任的 ⑥il­不，非 illogical不合逻辑的　illegal非法的 ⑦non­不，非 non­existent不存在的　non­stop直达的；连续不断的 ⑧mis­错误 mislead 误导　misunderstand 误解 ⑨dis­＋动词 (意义相反) dislike不喜欢　disagree 不同意 ⑩un­＋动词 (意义相反) uncover揭开　undress 脱衣服 (2)表示否定意义的后缀：名词＋­less→否定意义的形容词 use n.用处→useless adj.无用的 hope n.希望→hopeless 没有希望的；绝望的 home n.家→homeless adj.无家可归的 [即学活用8] 单句语法填空 ①The speech seemed to be　non­stop　(stop) and the listeners became very　impatient　(patient) and left the meeting room one by one. ②It's said that oil is　non­renewable　(renewable). ③The audience thought what he said was　impractical　(practical) and　unbearable　(bearable) so they wouldn't listen to him. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．　What　surprises me most is that he is too vain. 2．　Where　cars will be parked in the future is a question. 3．　When　we will have a picnic depends on the weather. 4．　Which　part of the country he will travel to needs discussing. 5．It has not been decided　who　will attend the meeting. 6．It is reported　that　a new film will be put on in the cinema. 7．　That　Mike didn't turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman of the meeting unhappy. 8．　Whether　the President will attend the party or not is kept a secret. 9．It is necessary　that　he should learn about the whole matter. 10．　Why　they suddenly disappeared remains a mystery now. 11．Jack came home with a　bloody　(blood) nose. 12．If you describe someone as　charming　(charm), you mean they behave in a friendly, pleasant way that makes people like them. 13．Lie down on your bed and make yourself　comfortable　(comfort). 14．They are going to take　active　(act) steps to protect the wild animals. 15．The prisoners who escaped are violent and　dangerous　(danger). 16．This　weekly　(week) schedule may not solve all of your problems. 17．If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an　advertisement　(advertise) in the local paper? 18．On the　twentieth　(twenty) of February we went to have a picnic in the park. 19．　Shorten　(short) this report to 2000 words because it is too long. 20．Only in this way can I　simplify　(simple) my task. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．　What role he will play　in the film hasn't been known. 在这部电影中他将扮演什么角色还不知道。 2．He is a good student　except that he is a little careless　. 他是个好学生，就是有点粗心。 3．She always thinks of　how she can do a better job　. 她总是在想怎样把工作做得更好。 4．　Whoever fails in the exam　shall not lose heart. 无论谁在考试中失败都不应该丧失信心。 5．We　think it important that　every citizen should have good manners. 我们认为每个市民有礼貌是重要的。 6．　It is said that　the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment. 据说这位教授已经成功地完成了这个实验。 7．The reason for his absence was　that he was ill　. 他缺席的原因是他生病了。 8．　It's a pity that　you missed the film. 你错过了那部电影真是遗憾。 9．I　don't think I can remember　the 100 words within two hours. 我认为我不能在两小时内记住这100个单词。 10．I am not interested in　whether they believe in me or not　. 我对他们是否信任我不感兴趣。 $$